EP0433974B1 - Method and apparatus for making tyres having a high transversally curved toric profile - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making tyres having a high transversally curved toric profile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0433974B1
EP0433974B1 EP90124573A EP90124573A EP0433974B1 EP 0433974 B1 EP0433974 B1 EP 0433974B1 EP 90124573 A EP90124573 A EP 90124573A EP 90124573 A EP90124573 A EP 90124573A EP 0433974 B1 EP0433974 B1 EP 0433974B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carcass
annular structure
toric
reinforcing
tyre
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90124573A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0433974A2 (en
EP0433974A3 (en
Inventor
Guido Giancola
Michele Orlandi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pirelli Tyre SpA
Original Assignee
Pirelli Coordinamento Pneumatici SpA
Pirelli SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pirelli Coordinamento Pneumatici SpA, Pirelli SpA filed Critical Pirelli Coordinamento Pneumatici SpA
Publication of EP0433974A2 publication Critical patent/EP0433974A2/en
Publication of EP0433974A3 publication Critical patent/EP0433974A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0433974B1 publication Critical patent/EP0433974B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C3/00—Tyres characterised by the transverse section
    • B60C3/04—Tyres characterised by the transverse section characterised by the relative dimensions of the section, e.g. low profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/36—Expansion of tyres in a flat form, i.e. expansion to a toroidal shape independently of their building-up process, e.g. of tyres built by the flat-tyres method or by jointly covering two bead-rings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10765—Characterized by belt or breaker structure

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to the process for manufacturing pneumatic tyres having a toric profile at high transversal curvature, comprising a carcass, a tread band and a reinforcing annular structure, also known as belt, inserted between said carcass and said tread band.
  • the invention concerns processes for preparing the carcass separately from the assembly constituted by the reinforcing annular structure and the tread band and for transferring then said assembly onto the carcass for assembling and torically shaping the whole pneumatic tyre.
  • the pneumatic tyres having a high transversal curvature are those especially suitable for equipping two-wheelers, which run on cornering with camber angles even of the order of 50° or 60°, values impossible to reach with the conventional pneumatic tyres for motorvehicles having a sensibly flat transversal profile.
  • these pneumatic tyres are usually manufactured by preparing the carcass on a suitable expansible building drum, in cylindrical configuration, bringing then the configuration of the carcass to a first toric shape. Then two coaxial hollow supports are drawn near the carcass sidewalls, said supports having a radially outer cylindrical surface (the well known bells) and a diameter like that of the carcass in the above said first toric shape.
  • said supports it is possible to arrange on said carcass, at its centre line left free by the bells, in flat configuration and for subsequent steps, the reinforcing layers and the tread band, making them adhere the one to the other and to the carcass centre line portion by stitching of the central portion of the assembly constituted by the reinforcing layers and the tread band.
  • the so obtained green tyre is therefore inserted into the vulcanizing mould where it suffers a further shaping consisting in an increase of the circumferential development of the tyre of about 5%, during which the tread pattern is printed on the tread band.
  • a second known process consists in preparing the carcass in the form of a cylindrical sleeve on a main expansible drum, preparing on a separate ancillary drum the reinforcing annular structure, expanding said ancillary drum as far as to bring said reinforcing annular structure to a first toric configuration, applying the tread band on the so shaped annular structure stitching it with suitable means in order to provide it with the same toric configuration as the above said annular structure, transferring the assembly constituted by structure and tread band in correspondence of the carcass mid-plane, coaxially to the same, and expanding the above said carcass to the same toric configuration as the assembly in order to realize the assembling of the two elements and consequently the green tyre to be vulcanized.
  • US-A-4 770 222 discloses a pneumatic tyre for a motor-cycle wheel having a toric profile of high curvature, said tyre having a carcass, a tread band around said carcass and a reinforcing annular structure or belt interposed between said carcass and said tread band, said tyre having a ratio of the tread radial height to the tread maximum width between 0.20 and 0.35, said structure having two radially superimposed layers of parallel rubberized reinforcing cords inclined with respect to a mid-circumferential plane of said annular structure, the inclination angle of said cords in correspondence of said mid-circumferential plane laying between 10° and 35°.
  • the aim of the present invention is that of solving the problems of the known technique by realizing a process for manufacturing pneumatic tyres having a toric profile at high transversal curvature, which enables to control of the variation of the geometric characteristics of the pneumatic tyre structure, in particular the lying angles of the reinforcing cords of the belt layers along the whole longitudinal development of the cords, from one end to the other of the layer, in consequence of which the conditions of the vulcanized tyre are those foreseen at the beginning and especially the above said angles are those defined by the plan.
  • the present invention refers to a process for manufacturing pneumatic tyres having a toric profile at high transversal curvature, provided with a carcass, a tread band put as a crown on said carcass and a reinforcing annular structure, interposed between said carcass and said tread band (in particular radially superimposed layers of rubberized fabric provided with reinforcing cords inclined with respect to the circumferential direction of the pneumatic tyre, parallel to each other in any layer and crossing those of the adjacent layers), said process comprising the steps of preparing separately the one from the other said carcass, said tread band and said reinforcing annular structure, of associating to said carcass an annular element comprising said reinforcing annular structure and said tread band, assembled together and already torically shaped, realizing in such a way a complete green pneumatic tyre and of vulcanizing said green pneumatic tyre inside the mould, said process being characterized by the fact of assembling said tread band
  • the present invention refers to a pneumatic tyre having a toric profile of high curvature, said tyre having a carcass, a tread band around said carcass and a reinforcing annular structure or belt interposed between said carcass and said tread band, said tyre having a ratio of the tread radial height to the tread maximum width between 0.20 and 0.35, said structure having radially superimposed layers of parallel rubberized reinforcing cords inclined with respect to a mid-circumferential plane of said annular structure, the inclination angle of said cords in correspondence of said mid-circumferential plane laying between 10° and 35°, characterized by the fact that the angle of inclination of said cords continuously increases from a first value at the mid-circumferential plane, to a second value at the ends of the belt, the angle at the ends of the belt being not greater than 5° with respect to the angle at the mid-circumferential plane.
  • the present invention concerns the pneumatic tyre referred to above obtained by means of the process according to the invention.
  • the present invention refers to a machine for manufacturing the above pneumatic tyre having a toric profile at high transversal curvature, provided with a carcass, a tread band put as a crown on said carcass and a reinforcing annular structure, interposed between said carcass and said tread band, said machine comprising a main drum for shaping a carcass of cylindrical configuration into a toric configuration, an ancillary drum for building-up and shaping said reinforcing annular structure, said ancillary drum comprising a cylindrical drum of predetermined diameter for building-up said annular structure according to a cylindrical configuration and an expansible drum for the subsequent toric configuration of said annular structure, said expansible drum comprising a plurality of sectors having a radially outer toric profile, movable in radial direction for coupling with the radially inner surface of said annular structure, and for its toric configuration, and means for transferring at least said reinforcing annular structure from said expansible drum, coaxially around said
  • the radially outer toric profile of the above said sectors has a swelling comprised between 0.20 and 0.35.
  • the present invention will be better understood by the following description made by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached sheets of drawing in which:
  • the shown tyre comprises a radial carcass 1 formed by one or more rubberized plies whose ends turn-up, the whole in a way per se known, around the bead cores 2, provided in a radially outer position with a filling 3 of high hardness elastomeric material.
  • a tread band 4, inside which the tread pattern has been printed, is put as a crown on said carcass, and a reinforcing annular structure 5, usually well known as belt, is inserted between said tread band 4 and said carcass 1.
  • the above said belt as wide as the tread, comprises at least one, but more generally two layers 6, 7 of rubberized fabric provided with reinforcing cords 8 (figure 2) inclined with respect to the equatorial plane of the pneumatic tyre (center line m-m) of an angle comprised between 10° and 35°, in the example shown equal to 22°, parallel to each other in each layer and crossing those of the adjacent layer or layers.
  • cords may be of any suitable material, for instance nylon, kevlar (registered trademark of Du Pont), steel, etc.
  • the belt can comprise other reinforcing layers, well known in the technology of the pneumatic tyres and therefore not mentioned here without however affecting negatively the understanding of the invention.
  • the shown tyre has a toric profile at high transversal curvature, i.e. it has a very winding tread, with an accentuated curvature at the crown, ending with two sharp edges at the ends, in the jointing zone with the sidewalls.
  • the purpose of these sharp edges is that of notifying the driver the reaching of the limit camber angle before the vehicle loses stability and road holding.
  • the value of the above said arrow "f" is comprised between 0.20 and 0.35.
  • the above said plant comprises a main drum 10 for building-up the carcass 1 according to a cylindrical configuration and/or its shaping according to a toric configuration, an ancillary drum 11 for building-up (in accordance with the present invention) an annular element comprising the belt and the tread band radially superimposed upon the latter, at first in cylindrical configuration (in flat configuration) and subsequently for shaping the above said annular element in its final toric configuration, substantially corresponding to that of the vulcanized tyre, means 12 for transporting the so shaped annular element from the ancillary drum 11 to the main drum 10 so as to assemble the carcass to the annular element, through the expansion of the carcass against the corresponding inner surface of the above said annular element.
  • the ancillary drum 11 is formed by two distinct coaxial parts 111, 112 preferably axially separable from each other, integral to each other in the rotation when they are mutually coupled, freely rotating the one with respect to the other when they are separated.
  • One of the two parts, constituting the well known "comb drum” 111, is formed by a plurality of teeth 14, circumferentially spaced from each other and arranged in such a way as to constitute a predetermined diameter cylindrical surface;
  • the other part 112, radially expansible is formed by a plurality of metal sectors 13 (figure 5) shaped according to a radially outer profile 13', novel with respect to the known plant, substantially corresponding to the toric profile at high transversal curvature of the finished pneumatic, or better, of the radially inner surface of the above said pneumatic tyre.
  • the shape of said profile can be conveniently identified by its “swelling ", i.e. by the ratio a/b where "a” represents the maximum height of the curvilinear part of said profile, substantially coinciding with the toric profile of the finished tyre, and "b” represents its maximum width, i.e. the distance between the two ends, as clearly shown in figure 5.
  • Said swelling is kept conveniently equal to the arrow of the tyre that is being made and consequently has the same value comprised between 0.20 and 0.35.
  • the reinforcing cords of the layers effect a scissors movement that produces an angular variation of their inclination with respect to the tyre mid-plane: more exactly their inclination reduces in a not uniform manner along the development of the cords, in relation to the entity of the radial expansion suffered point by point and to the initial value of said inclination angle.
  • the above said cords, arranged on the comb drum (figure 2) symmetrically according to an angle "w" of 30°, in each layer, in the vulcanized tyre are arranged according to an angle "x" equal to 18° at the mid-plane and according to an angle "y” of 20° at the ends of the belt, with a continuous variation of the value of the inclination angle along the longitudinal development of the cords, with a difference of about 2° between the values of the angles between the mid-plane and the ends of the belt.
  • said angular variation (w-x) is preferably not less than 5° and not greater than 15°, so that in the finished pneumatic tyre the reinforcing cords of the belt layers are arranged according to an angle smaller than that when laid on the comb drum; besides the value of said angle is less at the mid-plane than the value at the ends: said difference (y-x) is conveniently comprised within a maximum value of 5°.
  • the transporting means 12 withdraw the annular element (figure 7a) through the contraction of the sectors 13, then the annular element is transferred onto the main drum, in coaxial position and in correspondence of its mid-plane (figure 7f ), around the carcass previously arranged in cylindrical form on the main drum, in a way functionally independent of the cited steps, and possibly already shaped in part; subsequently, the carcass is further shaped in a toric configuration against the radially innermost layer of the annular element in order to assemble the two parts of the pneumatic tyre: finally the complete tyre is withdrawn from the main drum and sent to the vulcanizing step inside the mould.
  • the so realized pneumatic tyre before being removed from the main drum can be subject to a stitching operation carried out with known disc devices to obtain a strong adhesion of the elements assembled together and the elimination of possible air bubbles remained entrapped during the assembling step.
  • the pneumatic tyre reaches its final configuration formerly on the building machine, so that in the mould it suffers only a slight "dilatation", i.e. a further expansion of the carcass, necessary for vulcanizing the pneumatic tyre with the belt in an initial tension state (pre-tension), measurable as an increase of the circumferential development of the pneumatic tyre, at most of the order of 1,5%, that is not sufficient to change the toric configuration of the same.
  • pre-tension initial tension state
  • a pneumatic tyre manufactured according to the steps of the present invention achieves surprisingly better results.
  • the tread band is torically shaped together with the reinforcing annular structure and not subsequently to the shaping of the same and on the same, and said shaping takes place in consequence of the radial expansion of a suitable supporting surface that makes it possible for the rubberized fabric layers laid herein, and for the tread band all those restriking movements produced by the passage of the annular element from a cylindrical configuration of a given diameter to a toric configuration of greater diameter.
  • the carcass is shaped torically and definitively against the annular element already torically shaped in its final form and not viceversa.
  • the angular arrangement of the carcass cords does not suffer any alteration, while that of the belt cords changes in a uniform, regular, continuous manner at a controlled speed and not as a sequence of pulses (as in the case of the carcass/belt assembly shaping, where said angular variation is hampered by the friction with the carcass ply) or for imposed deformation, as in the presence of the stitching of the tread band on the belt, assuring therefore the conformity of the tyre to the plan conditions and the qualitative level of the finished tyre.
  • the characteristics of the vehicle used are the following ones: MOTORCYCLE YAMAHA FRZ 1000 Front tyre size 120/70 ZR 17 inflation pressure 2.5 bar rim 3.50 - 17 Rear tyre size 160/60 ZR 18 inflation pressure 2.9 bar rim 4.50 - 18
  • the road test consisted in valuing the qualitative level of the more important handling characteristics especially depending on the reinforcing annular structure, giving a vote (from 0 to 10) to each one of the considered characteristics.
  • Table 1 gives the result of the comparison between the pneumatic tyres of the invention (type A) and those manufactured by the same Applicant according to the old process (type B) referred to above.
  • TABLE 1 TESTS/TYRES type A type B SHIMMY 7 4 HANDLING 6.5 4.5 SPEEDY RESPONSE 6 4.5 STEERING STABILITY 7 6 DRY ROAD HOLDING 7 6.5 COMFORT 6 5.5 MEAN VOTE 6.65 ⁇ 5.14 ⁇
  • the track test that has considered other characteristics more specifically connected to the type for agonistic use, has been carried out by comparing two different types of pneumatic tyres manufactured according to the process of the invention, with equivalent tyres (i.e. homologated for the same type of use and vehicle YAMAHA) of the best brands sold on the market.
  • the tested characteristics are not the structural characteristics of the different compared tyres, that are not known, by only their global behaviour influenced by all the characteristics of the final product: for instance the tyre of the invention is lighter (about 1.5 kg., with all the advantages achieved) than the compared tyres.
  • Table 2 gives the result of said comparison, being the tyres of the other manufacturers indicated with A, B, C, D, and E.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
EP90124573A 1989-12-19 1990-12-18 Method and apparatus for making tyres having a high transversally curved toric profile Expired - Lifetime EP0433974B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2273089 1989-12-19
IT02273089A IT1236885B (it) 1989-12-19 1989-12-19 Procedimento per la fabbricazione di pneumatici con profilo torico ad elevata curvatura trasversale,apparato per la sua attuazione e prodotto ottenuto

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0433974A2 EP0433974A2 (en) 1991-06-26
EP0433974A3 EP0433974A3 (en) 1992-11-19
EP0433974B1 true EP0433974B1 (en) 1996-01-31

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ID=11199763

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124573A Expired - Lifetime EP0433974B1 (en) 1989-12-19 1990-12-18 Method and apparatus for making tyres having a high transversally curved toric profile

Country Status (13)

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US (2) US5209797A (it)
EP (1) EP0433974B1 (it)
JP (1) JP3356214B2 (it)
KR (1) KR0145320B1 (it)
AR (1) AR247681A1 (it)
AT (1) ATE133610T1 (it)
BR (1) BR9006634A (it)
CA (1) CA2032731C (it)
DE (1) DE69025152T2 (it)
DK (1) DK0433974T3 (it)
ES (1) ES2085879T3 (it)
GR (1) GR3019740T3 (it)
IT (1) IT1236885B (it)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1271785B (it) * 1994-12-22 1997-06-09 Pirelli Pneumatico ad elevata curvatura trasversale,particolarmente per ruote di motoveicoli
IT1277400B1 (it) * 1995-08-01 1997-11-10 Pirelli Pneumatico ad elevata curvatura trasversale particolarmente per veicolo a due ruote
IT1283051B1 (it) * 1996-05-22 1998-04-07 Pirelli Coppia di pneumatici ad elevata curvatura trasversale,particolarmente per veicoli a due ruote e metodo per il controllo del comportamento
IT1283351B1 (it) * 1996-07-29 1998-04-17 Pirelli Pneumatico ad elevata curvatura trasversale in particolare per ruote anteriori
US6470933B1 (en) 1998-03-09 2002-10-29 Pirelli Pneumatici S.P.A. Tire containing at least part of an electrical current generator intended for the supply of sensors and/or other electrical devices present within the tire, and method for manufacture the said tire
US6886320B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2005-05-03 Performance Fibers, Inc. Process and system for producing tire cords
CN100581799C (zh) * 2004-03-31 2010-01-20 倍耐力轮胎股份公司 用于制造车轮的轮胎的方法和设备
DE102004058522A1 (de) * 2004-12-04 2006-06-14 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Radialreifens
FR2879957B1 (fr) * 2004-12-24 2007-03-02 Michelin Soc Tech Tambour de conformation des nappes d'armature sommet
WO2006090418A1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. Method and apparatus for manufacturing pneumatic tyres for vehicule wheels
DE102005045425A1 (de) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Radialreifens
JP4881122B2 (ja) * 2006-10-16 2012-02-22 住友ゴム工業株式会社 タイヤの製造方法
US9017500B2 (en) * 2008-12-22 2015-04-28 Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. Tyre for two-wheeled vehicle and process for manufacturing the same
JP2012513334A (ja) * 2008-12-22 2012-06-14 ピレリ・タイヤ・ソチエタ・ペル・アツィオーニ 二輪車用タイヤおよびその製造方法
WO2014083477A1 (en) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. Process and apparatus for building tyres for vehicle wheels

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB485401A (en) * 1936-12-17 1938-05-19 Dunlop Rubber Co Tyre shaping machine
DE2430495C3 (de) * 1974-06-25 1979-02-22 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gurtelreifens
IT1099513B (it) * 1978-10-25 1985-09-18 Pirelli Procedimento e apparecchiatura per la fabbricazione di pneumatici radiali
IT1133894B (it) * 1980-10-15 1986-07-24 Pirelli Miglioramenti nei procedimenti e nelle apparecchiature per la fabbricazione di pneumatici
JPS6022505A (ja) * 1983-07-19 1985-02-05 Bridgestone Corp モ−タ−サイクル用空気入りベルテツドタイヤ
IT1163837B (it) * 1983-07-22 1987-04-08 Pirelli Pneumatico per motocicli
EP0319588B2 (en) * 1987-06-18 1998-02-04 Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited Pneumatic radial tire and production thereof
GB8813776D0 (en) * 1988-06-10 1988-07-13 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Motor cycle radial tyre
GB2223988B (en) * 1988-10-18 1993-03-31 Apsley Metals Apparatus and method for manufacturing a tire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0433974T3 (da) 1996-06-24
IT8922730A1 (it) 1991-06-19
ES2085879T3 (es) 1996-06-16
CA2032731A1 (en) 1991-06-20
JPH03266633A (ja) 1991-11-27
IT1236885B (it) 1993-04-26
GR3019740T3 (en) 1996-07-31
DE69025152D1 (de) 1996-03-14
AR247681A1 (es) 1995-03-31
DE69025152T2 (de) 1996-08-14
ATE133610T1 (de) 1996-02-15
EP0433974A2 (en) 1991-06-26
EP0433974A3 (en) 1992-11-19
JP3356214B2 (ja) 2002-12-16
KR910011441A (ko) 1991-08-07
IT8922730A0 (it) 1989-12-19
US5209797A (en) 1993-05-11
US5407006A (en) 1995-04-18
CA2032731C (en) 2002-04-23
BR9006634A (pt) 1991-10-01
KR0145320B1 (ko) 1998-07-15

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