EP0431379A1 - Method and apparatus for cleaning or carding of textile fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for cleaning or carding textile fibres between a rotating cleaning or carding drum (2), having a clothing (7) provided fixedly on this and carding elements (5) which surround this drum and on which a clothing (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14) is likewise provided. …<??>The essence of the invention is that the teeth (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14) of the carding elements (5) are provided differently in the direction of movement (8) of the rotating drum (2), in such a way that, for example, the tooth (9) has a so-called negative direction of relatively large angle alpha and the tooth (14) a positive direction of relatively small angle alpha , and those located in between according to Figure 3 are provided with different angles of incidence. This ensures a cleaning or carding effect which differs within a predetermined circumferential region of the drum.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for cleaning or carding textile fibers between a rotating cleaning or carding drum with a clothing permanently provided thereon and carding elements surrounding this drum, on which a clothing is also provided.

The development in the area of cleaning machines and cards in the cotton spinning mill is characterized by a steady increase in performance.

At the same time, at least the same, if not higher, demands are made on the uniformity and cleanliness of a card sliver and on the strength of a yarn.

The increase in performance also requires an increase in the working speeds of the working drums, for example in a fine cleaning machine of the cleaning drum and in a carding machine the speed of the reel.

The cleaning drum of the fine cleaning machine and the reel of the card are each provided with tooth sets, which capture the fiber flakes of the preceding feed elements and, by further dissolving or carding, clean and separate the fibers until the fibers are parallelized.

On the other hand, it is known that while cotton breeding efforts are underway to obtain types of cotton that are also better able to meet modern requirements. Nevertheless, it must be said that the performance increase in this respect much faster is more advanced than the change in the product to be processed.

In other words, there is the fact that the fibers lying in a tangle in a fiber flake should be brought into a parallel position at a higher speed by means of tips, which, as is known, would lead to increased stack damage even without additional measures. The development therefore applies to the processing of fibers in cleaning and carding in a direction in which cleaning and carding can be carried out at increased speed without actually increasing the stack damage.

Furthermore, it is also known that the demands on the end product, namely the yarn, differ depending on the further processing. It should therefore be possible to select the cotton blends in the opener in such a way that the work intensity can advantageously be changed in further processing after the bales have been opened, namely in cleaning and carding.

The applicant is in this direction with Switzerland. Registration No. 04103 / 88-3 already proposed measures to adjust the cleaning intensity on the card.

In another Switzerland. Application No. 02312 / 89-9 shows and describes the applicant the possibility of adapting the carding intensity by changing the aggressiveness of the clothing on carding elements which are arranged around the carding drum.

Another Switzerland. The applicant's application No. 1929 / 89-1 shows a method for optimizing the processing of the cotton in a spinning mill in terms of throughput.

Precautions have thus already been proposed to adapt to the changing requirements with regard to requirements for the end product (namely the yarn)

enable and to take advantage of the opportunities to obtain different product templates by changing the mix.

Furthermore, it is known that the difficulty of bringing fibers from a tangled position (for example in a fiber flake) into a parallel position increases with increasing speed at which this change in position is to be carried out. This can be attributed to the fact that rapid intervention (e.g. by clothing) leads to neps in confused areas rather than slow intervention.

It is therefore an object of this invention, with the aid of sets on a rotating drum and sets on carding elements which cooperate with this set of the drum, to provide a possibility such that the changing of the fiber position can be carried out at high speed with the best possible avoidance of fiber damage and Generation of fiber nits.

As a practical example, which is not always correct as a whole, for explaining the above, however, we would like to point out the loosening of a cord by manual intervention with the fingers. It is known per se that this can only be successfully carried out by careful and deliberate action, while the tearing apart of a ball of string only leads to a large number of individual laces, which can then no longer be solved or only with much effort.

The invention helps with a further step to solve this problem by procedural cleaning or Carding effect is different within a predetermined circumferential range of the drum and is preferably designed such that the dissolving effect increases in the direction of rotation of the drum (in the fiber transport direction).

The circumferential area where the dissolving effect increases can (viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum) follow a point where the fibers on the drum become tangled. The invention is of particular importance in the card, namely in the area which (viewed in the direction of rotation of the spool) follows the customer, that is in the so-called sub-carding zone, but also in the area which follows the beater, that is in the so-called pre-carding zone. However, the same advantages can also be achieved in a cleaning machine (in particular in a cleaning machine with a saw tooth set) if the principle of increasing intensity is used to resolve a tangle of fibers on the work roll.

The intensity of the fiber processing can advantageously increase gradually (continuously or quasi-continuously) in the direction of rotation of the drum. Where the clothing is mounted by individual clothing carriers (e.g. rods or segments), the intensity can increase from carrier to carrier.

Where the intensity is determined by the working angle (the so-called "chest angle") of the clothing, the angle can change from a negative to a positive value within the circumferential range mentioned.

The intensity of the processing will normally be caused by a change in the structure of the clothing carried by the drum casing.

Further advantageous embodiments are listed in the dependent claims. The invention shows the Significant advantage that within the work area in which the fiber tangle has to be lifted up to the parallel position, a variation of aggressiveness intensities of the clothing can be used in such a way that the tangle is primarily dealt with with a gentle carding effect in order to be more energetic later when the tangle has already been solved to be tackled.

This gradual increase in carding intensity makes it possible to bring the fibers from a tangled position into a parallel position even at high speeds, while avoiding fiber damage and formation of nits.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of drawings which show only execution paths.

Figur 1

ein Querschnitt durch eine Karde, schematisch dargestellt

Figur 2

ein Ausschnitt aus Figur 1 vergrössert und in einer gestreckten Lage dargestellt

Figur 3

einzelne Ausschnitte aus Figur 2 vergrössert dargestellt

Figur 4

eine Variante der in Figur 1 dargestellten Erfindung als Ausschnitt gemäss den Schnittlinien I (Figur 5) dargestellt

Figur 5

der Gegenstand von Figur 4 in Pfeilrichtung II (Figur 4) dargestellt

Figur 6

ein Detail der Figur 5 in Pfeilrichtung gemäss den Schnittlinien III dargestellt

Figur 7

ein Detail von Figur 5 gemäss den Schnittlinien IV (Figur 5) dargestellt

Figur 8

ein Schnitt durch den erfindungsgemässen Gegenstand von Figur 8 gemäss den Schnittlinien VII (Figur 8)

Figur 9

der erfindungsgemässe Gegenstand von Figur 8 im Schnitt gemäss den Schnittlinien VI (Figur 10) dargestellt

Figur 10

eine weitere Variante des Erfindungsgegenstandes in Ansicht gemäss den Linien V (Figur 10) darstellt

Figur 11

, 12, 14 und 15 je ein Detail von Figur 1, im Schnitt und vergrössert dargestellt

Figur 13

eine Ansicht des Elementes von Figur 12 in Blickrichtung VIII gesehen

Figur 16

eine weitere Anwendung der erfindungsgemässen Variante von Figur 9

Figur 17

eine Variante der Details der Figuren 11 bis 15

It shows:

Figure 1

a cross section through a card, shown schematically

Figure 2

a section of Figure 1 enlarged and shown in an extended position

Figure 3

Individual sections of Figure 2 are shown enlarged

Figure 4

a variant of the invention shown in Figure 1 shown as a section along the section lines I (Figure 5)

Figure 5

the object of Figure 4 shown in the direction of arrow II (Figure 4)

Figure 6

a detail of Figure 5 shown in the direction of the arrow along the section lines III

Figure 7

a detail of Figure 5 according to the section lines IV (Figure 5) shown

Figure 8

8 shows a section through the object according to the invention from FIG. 8 according to section lines VII (FIG. 8)

Figure 9

the subject of Figure 8 according to the invention shown in section along the section lines VI (Figure 10)

Figure 10

represents a further variant of the subject of the invention in view according to the lines V (Figure 10)

Figure 11

, 12, 14 and 15 each a detail of Figure 1, shown in section and enlarged

Figure 13

a view of the element of Figure 12 seen in viewing direction VIII

Figure 16

a further application of the variant according to the invention from FIG. 9

Figure 17

a variant of the details of Figures 11 to 15

FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a card with a beater roller 1 (or also called opening roller), a reel 2, a take-off roller 3 (also called a doffer roller) and a revolving cover 4.

Other elements belonging to the card have been omitted for the sake of simplicity and overview.

In a card, a distinction is made between a pre-carding zone, a carding zone, a postcarding zone and a subcarding Zone. The pre-carding zone is located between the Briseur 1 and the traveling lid 4, the carding zone extends over the area of the traveling lid, the post-carding zone is delimited by the traveling lid 4 and the doffer roller 3 and the sub-carding zone lies between the doffer roller 3 and the beater roller 1.

The direction of rotation of the drum is marked with 8. The directions of rotation of the other elements are omitted for the sake of simplicity.

In the sub-carding zone there are six schematically illustrated stationary carding elements 5. Left and right of these carding elements 5, as seen in FIG. 1, there are so-called cover plates 6, which cover the otherwise open locations on the reel 2 in such a way that there are on the reel 2 Fibers cannot be thrown outdoors by centrifugal force.

FIG. 2 shows the stationary carding elements from FIG. 1 in a purely schematically stretched arrangement, that is to say arranged in a line next to one another.

In FIG. 1, a drum set 7 is shown in sections on the drum 2, which is also shown in a stretched manner in FIG. 2.

This stretched representation of the stationary carding elements 5 and the drum surface 2 is symbolically represented by the straight line 15 drawn with dash-dotted lines.

As shown in FIG. 3, line 15 is at the same time the base line for the teeth described below of the sets described below.

The sets of stationary carding elements 5 are already shown in FIG. 1, but in small format, which is why a larger representation shown with Figure 2 is provided.

It can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 2 that there are different sets per stationary carding element 5, namely sets 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.

The set 9 has a so-called negative direction with respect to the direction of movement 8 of the drum set 7 with a relatively large angle α (see FIG. 3) while the last set 14 seen in the direction of movement 8 has a tooth directed in the opposite direction to that Set 9 and accordingly has a much smaller angle α.

One could speak of a negative inclination at the angle α of the clothing 9 and of a positive inclination of the tooth tips of the clothing 9 to 14 at the angle α of the clothing.

Between the tips of the sets 9 and 14 there are further tips of the sets 10 to 13, from which it can be seen that the angle α (only shown for the sets 9 and 14) decreases continuously from the set 9 to the set 14, so that the Sets 12, 13 and 14 can be counted as positive sets and sets 9, 10 and 11 as negative sets. A change of the set within an element 5 would be theoretically possible, but will prove to be too complicated in practice.

A negative set should not be understood to mean a set with a negative effect, but this designation is only chosen for the sake of simplicity in order to obtain a difference between the sets 9 to 11 and the sets 12 to 14.

The basic technological idea of the choice of the tooth directions shown in FIG. 3 is that after passing through the customer, the fibers are again in a tangled position , so that an initially gentle processing begins with the clothing 9, and the fibers then undergo an increasingly intensive processing be transferred until finally the most intensive processing takes place with the clothing 14.

With this measure, the above-mentioned philosophy of gently loosening fiber tangles has largely been achieved in terms of cards; This means that when loosening fibers that are not completely parallel, the procedure is so careful that the formation of nits is largely avoided and parallelization can nevertheless be achieved.

The angle α can be between 130 and 50 °.

In the following the further figures are described, it should be primarily noted that Figures 4 to 10 and 17 have already been described in a CH application of the applicant with the number 01 312 / 89-9, which is why in this description only the essentials are repeated is repeated in connection with the inventive concept.

The situation is similar with FIGS. 11 to 16, which have already been described in a CH application of the applicant with the number 04 103 / 88-3, which is why the description analogously essentially relates to the application of these elements in connection with the Invention is limited.

According to the invention, instead of the stationary carding elements 5, rotatable carding elements 20 (only one shown in FIG. 4) can be provided.

These carding elements 20 have a polygonal cross section and are around a shaft 21 in the direction of rotation 26 rotatable, wherein they can be fixed in positions in which the sets 22 to 25 of a set 18 of the drum 17 are opposite.

These positions can each be changed somewhat in that the distance A and B can be adapted to the requirement; This means that, for example, the distance A is chosen to be greater than the distance B in order to reinforce the carding effect within one position.

The sets are different according to the needs. However, they can be chosen, for example, such that the clothing 23 corresponds to the clothing 9 of the stationary carding element 5, while the clothing 24 can correspond to the clothing 11, the clothing 25 to the clothing 13 or 12 and the clothing 22 to the clothing 14 of the carding element 5.

If, for example, as already mentioned, more than one rotatable carding element is provided, a clothing combination can be selected which essentially corresponds to the clothing combination of FIGS. 1 to 3, with the advantage that the clothing combination can also be changed by rotating the carding elements 20 .

FIG. 5 shows the elements of FIG. 4 seen from the direction of arrow II (FIG. 4) and has further details to illustrate the manner in which the carding element 20 can be provided in a rotatable manner.

In connection with this figure, reference should also be made to the earlier application CH 1312/89, with the exception that the same elements have new reference numerals, which is why the individual elements are referred to again.

The drum 17 rotates by means of the shaft 16 and an actuator 33 rotates, by means of a shaft 34, the eccentric shaft 29, on which 2 eccentrics 30 are provided, which in turn accommodate an eccentric bearing body 31. This eccentric bearing body 31 further serves to rotatably receive the shaft 21, which is guided in a bearing support 32 within guide slots 37 (FIG. 6) in such a way that the movements 27 and 28 indicated by arrows (see also FIGS. 4 and 7) can be carried out . These latter movements are performed by the eccentric 30.

For rotating the rotatable carding element 20, a servomotor 35 is provided, which is guided between guide surfaces 39 for movement in the directions 27 and 28, and which is connected via the shaft 36 to the shaft 21 of the rotatable carding element 20.

The two servomotors 33 and 35 can be controlled via a controller (not shown) in order to select a desired combination of the sets, as is shown, for example, in FIG. However, there is also the possibility, as shown in the previous application 1312 / 89-9, that the polygonal cross section has six clothing surfaces, so that more variations of clothing are possible than shown in FIG. 4.

There is also the possibility of providing such rotatable carding elements 20 not only in the sub-carding zone, but also in the pre- and post-carding zone and possibly even with a shortening of the revolving cover 4 in the carding zone.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show a further variant of a carding element 40, in which the sets are not part of a firmly mounted set plate, but part of a chain link 41 (FIG. 9). However, since the sets can be the same as those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the sets are identified by the same reference numerals.

The chain links 41 form the chain 42 with the aid of chain link rods 43 which extend continuously in the axial direction of the carding element 40. Between the individual chains 42, tubular spacers 56 (FIG. 8) are provided, which are also mounted on the rods 43.

These spacers 56 are received in grooves 44 by sprockets 45, as is the case with a bicycle chain.

The chain wheels 45 are provided on a continuous shaft 46, each at a mutual, predetermined distance (not marked), whereby the sum of all chains 42 forms the actual carding element 40. However, only two such shafts 46 can also be provided, as a result of which only two different sets can be provided.

The shafts 46 are respectively at their two ends in a bearing plate 47 respectively. 48 rotatably mounted, one of the shafts being connected to a servomotor 49. This servomotor is shown purely schematically in FIGS. 8 and 10. The rotation of the three other shafts, which are not driven separately by a servomotor, takes place by means of the chains 42.

Furthermore, the rods 43 are each at their free end in each end shield 47 and. 48 guided through grooves 51 provided in these end shields. Each groove 51 is endlessly shaped in such a way that the chain 42 forms the curvature with the radius R (FIG. 9) which is shown schematically by dash-dotted lines. This curvature, as shown in Figure 9, for the sets 22, 23, 24 and. 25 kept the same. This curvature with the radius R corresponds to one of the axis of rotation (not shown) of the roller 2; 17 concentric curvature, provided the distance between the set 7; 18 of the roller 2; 17 and the one in action located set of the carding element 70 is the same over the entire length of the circumferential length of the set.

Furthermore, guides 57 can be provided for each chain section (only shown in FIG. 9 for one) which carries a different set, which supports the bars 43 in absorbing the pressure caused by the radial forces.

It can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 10 that more than one carding element 40 can be provided. These figures also show that a nonwoven guide element 52 is provided before and after a carding element 40 or between two carding elements 40. The element 52 ensures that the on the set 7; 18 of the roller 2; 17 lying fleece not by the centrifugal force, which with the roller 2; 18 acts on this fleece, is flung away between two carding elements 40, but is fed to the next carding element 40.

As can be seen from FIG. 10, it is possible to move each carding element 40 in the directions of movement 27 and 28 and in the direction of rotation.

The purpose of these linear movements and the rotary movement is the same as described for the carding element 20, which is why the same reference numerals are used for these movements.

In order to implement the two linear movements 27 and 28, the end shield 47 has an axis 53 and the end shield 48 has a shaft 54. Both, that is, axis 53 and shaft 54, are coaxial with the axis of rotation 56 of the end shields 47, respectively. 48 fixed.

The means for these linear movements 27 and 28 as well as the rotary movement 26 on the individual carding element 40 Realize correspond to the means shown and described essentially with Figures 4 to 7, which is why the same means are identified with the same reference numerals, with the exception that it is the shaft extension 55 of the shaft 54, which is connected to the servomotor 35.

FIGS. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 each show a stationary carding element 5, element 5 of FIG. 11 having a set 13 already shown, while FIGS. 12, 13, 14 and 15 show variations of sets in comparison, For example, FIGS. 12 and 13 are a creased surface 61 (also called creased surface), FIG. 14 a grooved set 60 and FIG. 15 a shaft set 62.

The various types of clothing are used based on empirical tests.

• A Die Garnituren können in Drehrichtung des Tambours gesehen zunehmend intensiv gewählt werden.
• B Die Garnituren können kontinuierlich bewegt werden und zwar in der einen, wie auch in der anderen Richtung und mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit.
• C Die Abstände A und B (Figur 4) können unterschiedlich gewählt werden.
• D Die vorgenannten Massnahmen können variabel kombiniert werden.

FIG. 16 shows the use of the device of FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 in the sense that each movable carding element 40.1 has the same clothing over the entire circumference, but the neighboring clothing elements have different clothing. This makes it possible to provide such carding elements, for example instead of a revolving cover or in addition to a revolving cover or at any point on the circumference of the reel, with the following options:

• A The sets can be selected increasingly intensively in the direction of rotation of the reel.
• B The sets can be moved continuously, in one direction as well as in the other and at different speeds.
• C The distances A and B (Figure 4) can be selected differently.
• D The aforementioned measures can be combined in various ways.

FIG. 17 shows, with a carding element 89, a further variant of a carding element according to the invention, with a movable needle set 90. Each needle of this set 90 has a needle foot 91, which on the one hand has a linear up and down movement 92 and 93 with a view by means mentioned below seen on Figure 17, and on the other hand can perform a back and forth movement 94 and 95, also seen with reference to Figure 12.

The needle tips of the clothing 90 protrude at a predetermined distance M from an upper housing wall 96 of a housing 97 which extends across the width of the card and is rod-shaped when viewed from the outside.

By the up and down movement 92 respectively. 93 of the needle feet 91, an angle of attack β, which is formed by the needle wall 90.1 (not shown) and the surface 96.1 of the housing wall 96, is automatically changed with a change in the distance M at an angle of inclination α which is smaller or greater than 90 °. The angle of inclination α is formed by a line of symmetry S of the needle 90 which intersects the pivot axis Q of the needle foot 91 and an imaginary plane E which contains the pivot axes Q.

With the additional reciprocation 94 resp. 95 and simultaneous up and down movement 92 respectively. 93 it is possible to change the angle of attack ß with a constant distance M, or vice versa to change the distance M with a constant angle of attack ß.

To make this possible, when using round needles, that is to say conical needles, the needle foot 91 has a spherical shape and, when using flat needles punched out from a metal plate, has a tapered needle shape and a disk-like shape.

Whether the foot 91 is spherical or disk-shaped, in both cases the needle foot is embedded in the longitudinal grooves, seen in the longitudinal direction of a carding element, which have the supplementary form to the needle foot and are part of a base plate 99 (not shown). It goes without saying that the longitudinal direction of a carding element runs in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sheet provided with FIG. 17. That is, the base plate 99 (not shown) has as many grooves arranged side by side and in parallel as there are needle feet in the transverse direction to the base plate.

To keep them in the grooves 98, the needle feet are covered with a rubber mat 100, in which the needles are effectively stuck, and a rigid plate 101. The plate 101 can be a metal or rigid plastic plate, for example, in any case this plate 101 requires openings 102 in which the individual needles of the needle set 90 can move freely in order to be able to assume the various positions. In the rubber mat 100, it is not necessary to have an opening corresponding to the opening 102, since the rubber mat is so soft that the material adapts to the movements of the needles without having any significant or disturbing changes.

The base plate 99, the rubber mat 100 and the cover plate 101 together form a coherent unit with a predetermined thickness, which is guided between two guide surfaces 103 and 104 in the displacement directions 94 and 95.

The guide surfaces 103 and 104 are parts of a displacement element 105, which for vertical displacement in the displacement directions 92 and 93 are provided with plungers 106 distributed over the length of the displacement element 105, on each of which a plunger plate 107 is fixedly arranged at its free end.

The whole works in an analogous manner to the displacement of the plunger 59 of the carding element 3.3 from FIG. 11 in the CH application 02 312 / 89-2, which is why the other elements for moving the plunger are provided with the same reference numerals and are no longer described will. The same applies to the sponge rubber mat 57 between the sliding element 105 and the housing wall 96.

A guide plate 108 is provided as part of the housing 97 for guiding the plungers 106.

For the movement of the base plate 99 (not shown) in the directions of movement 94 and 95, the base plate 99 has a rack 109 at each of its two longitudinal ends, which is firmly connected to the base plate 99.

A gearwheel 110, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft 111, engages with these toothed racks.

For rotating the shaft 111, it is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a pivot lever 112, which is pivotally connected at the free end to a servomotor 113, which in turn is pivotably arranged on a support 114, which is part of the displacement element 105.

The shaft 111 is also rotatably supported in supports (not shown) which are part of the displacement element 105.

The distance (not shown) between the two racks is such that the moment of displacement of each gearwheel acts as far as possible in the end region, seen in the longitudinal direction of the base plate, that is to say in the direction perpendicular to FIG. 13.

The housing 97 can either be stationary on one, as shown with the carriers 115, with dashed lines immovable machine part 116 may be provided or be provided with the servomotors 82 in an analogous manner as shown in FIG. 12 of the aforementioned CH patent application, so that the distances A.2 and B.2 can be variably adjusted, as described for FIG. 12 of the application CH 2312/89 were.

The elements necessary for this are therefore provided with the same reference numerals as for FIG. 12 of application CH 2312/89, since they function in the same way and for the same purpose.

The adjustability of the carding elements 5 by distances A and B, as shown in FIG. 4, can be obtained differently from the prior art and is shown and described in European Patent No. 0 195 756 and in US Pat. No. 4,286,357.

For the possible application of this invention in a cleaning machine, reference is made to our Swiss patent application No. 3452 / 89-8 from September 21, 1988 (title: "Process and device for fine cleaning of textile fibers"). FIG. 5 of application no. 3452/89 shows a carding plate and FIG. 7 of the same application shows an overall arrangement which comprises this carding plate.

The carding plate (also called comb segment) of application CH 3452/89 can also be provided with such a clothing or clothing elements such that the intensity of the fiber processing increases in the direction of rotation of the drum. The reasons for the tangle of the fibers in the area of the carding plate according to CH 3452/89 or in the pre-carding zone of a card are not those for the tangle of the fibers in the sub-carding zone. In the fine cleaning or in the pre-carding zone there is a confusion because "shortly before" (viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum) new material has been fed to the drum or the drum. In the sub-carding zone, however, the confusion does not come about because of the supply of new material, but because of a work intervention by one element of the machine, namely the customer.

The change in intensity is preferably brought about by changing the working angle of the set; that is, where the clothing is provided with needles or saw teeth ("tips"), by changing the angle between the longitudinal direction of the tip and a predetermined arbitrary reference (for example a tangential plane or a radial plane). This angle preferably changes within a predetermined circumferential range such that the “tip” extends at the beginning of the range (viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum) in the direction of rotation of the drum and arises at the end of the range against this direction of rotation.

Legend

1

Briseur roller or opening roller

2nd

Drum

3rd

Pickup roller or doffer roller

4th

Revolving cover

5

stationary carding elements

6

Cover plate

7

Drum set

8th

Direction of rotation

9

one type of set each

10th

"

11

"

12

"

13

"

14

"

15

Reference line

16

Wave of 17th

17th

Cleaning drum or drum

18th

set

19th

Direction of rotation

20th

rotatable carding element

21

wave

22

Types of clothing

23

"

24th

"

25th

"

26

Direction of rotation

27th

Direction of movement

28

"

29

Eccentric shaft

30th

eccentric

31

Eccentric bearing

32

Warehouse support

33

Servomotor

34

Wave of 33

35

Servomotor

36

Wave of 35

37

Guide slot

38

Support

39

Guide surfaces

40

movable carding element

41

Chain links

42

Chain

43

Chain link bar

44

Grooves

45

Sprockets

46

wave

47

End shield

48

End shield

49

Servomotor

50

Spacers

51

groove

52

Non-woven guiding element

53

axis

54

wave

55

Wave extension

56

Axis of rotation

57

guides

58

Machine housing part

59

60

Roll set

61

carded set

62

Shaft set

89

Needle carding element

90

movable needle set

91

Needle foot

92

Upward movement

93

Downward movement

94

Moving there

95

Movement

96

upper housing wall

97

casing

98

Longitudinal grooves

99

Base plate

100

Rubber mat

101

Cover plate

102

Opening

103

Guide surfaces

104

Guide surfaces

105

Sliding element

106

Pestle

107

Pusher plate

108

Guide plate

109

Racks

110

gear

111

wave

112

Swivel lever

113

Servomotor

114

support

115

carrier

116

Machine part

Claims (21)

Process for cleaning or carding textile fibers between a rotating cleaning or carding drum and elements surrounding this drum, which have different types of clothing in comparison to one another, characterized in that the said types of clothing of the surrounding elements are provided differently in the direction of movement of the rotating drum that within of a predetermined circumferential area of the drum, the dissolving effect (cleaning or carding effect) is different. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dissolving effect increases. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the dissolving effect is brought about by tips and the change in the dissolving effect is brought about by changing the working angle of the tips. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the working angle is changed from a negative to a positive value from the beginning of said circumferential area to the end of this area (viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dissolving effect increases and decreases alternately. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the dissolving effect increases and decreases alternately more than once in a wave-like manner. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the dissolving effect increases with the wave-like change such that the average wave height increases. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said peripheral region is a card in the sub-carding zone. Method according to one of the claims, characterized in that the said peripheral region is located in the pre-carding zone of a card. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the said peripheral region is in the main or postcarding zone of a card. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said area is located in a fine cleaning machine. Carding or cleaning device with a rotating carding or cleaning drum and elements surrounding this drum with fittings provided thereon, characterized in that the type of clothing of adjacent elements is different. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the type of clothing is so different that it is differently aggressive in the direction of movement of the drum. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that
the clothing type is increasingly aggressive. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that
the type of set is wave-wise, that is, it is aggressive and decreasing aggressive. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that
the elements are stationary. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that
the elements are movable. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that
the elements can be rotated in such a way that a different type of clothing is available for fiber processing. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that
the elements are so-called revolving covers. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that
neighboring revolving covers have different sets. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that
the elements are provided in the sub-carding zone of a card.

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