DE1510252A1 - Method and device for parallel alignment of textile fibers - Google Patents

Description

Terfah3? Ea and Torrleatung to the parallel. Auerlohten

of textile fibers.

•. ' The Torllegeade Brfladung bealeat eloa on the dee carding "or · Krempeins of T ext Ufas em, whereby it is the object of the invention to provide an improved method and an improved device for the production of a card pile, in which most of the pasers are aligned such that they are better parallel to each other in the running direction of the card than was previously achievable, as far as is known.

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9Q-9887/0487

·. New documents

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So far, the parallel straightening of the fibers has largely been carried out after the plor on a card or, Streioh- or carding machine had been compressed into a strand-like structure or a card sliver, wherein during dee Carding the pasers were only slightly aligned parallel and straightened or smoothed and with the card sliver processed by combing, multiple panting or other multiple stretching processes that influenced the Paserlage became. The parallel alignment of the pasers in a carded pile is extremely desirable because it falls there, in which non-compacted nonwovens for various Purposes are used, such as for the manufacture of non-woven fabrics, or to produce from them on a strappy pile divider (tape condenser) Form · In addition, in the case of a normal carded pile that has already been compressed into a card sliver, the next one leads Stretching, panting or combing to the point that the fibers break to an undesirable extent. Furthermore, this occurs when combing such a card sliver, there is too much waste from the sliver due to kinked fibers must be removed.

A card pile that has not yet been compacted is located in a condition that is ideal for aligning the fibers in parallel, since the batt when it is removed from the doffer comes closer to the monofilament strength than during the subsequent processing stages of the pail

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and thus the alignment of the fibers in the pile is special opposes small resistance, so that misalignments and kinks in the fibers can easily be corrected, whereby only a minimum amount of fiber breaks occurs

While it is known that a pile of fibers coming from the carding machine is on its way from the doffer roll stretch, as described, for example, in US Patent No. 3 »OO3» 195 by Yarga, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention not only subject the pile to a longitudinal direction Stretching and parallelizing process, but subjects the pile, which is stretched in an area, whose distance from the area in which the tensile force that triggers the stretching is exerted on the pile is smaller as the average staple length of the fibers to be stretched, another additional parallelization process, so that the fibers within the entire pile are aligned in a higher level in parallel.

It is a more specific object of the present invention to provide a new method and a new one Device to create a pile of fibers from the doffer a card or card removes or detaches, and at the same time aligns and parallelizes the fibers; according to the invention is provided by a continuous, moving toothed surface, which is used in the present case Fall through a, with a wire fitting or a metallic

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see sawtooth-fitting combing roller is shown, the carded pile is detached or removed directly from the doffing roller, whereupon the pile leaves the slit or the nip happened between a pair of drafting rollers, the surface speeds of which are considerably higher than the surface speed of the toothed surface, wherein the distance of the nip between the stretching rollers from the point at which the plor from the area between the teeth of the wire soles or the toothed ones Surface is pulled out is smaller than the average fiber length of the fibers in the pile, so that the teeth comb the fibers and hold them in place when you twine the toothed surface and the draw rollers are drawn; as a result, the fibers are aligned largely parallel, after which the pile is wound into a helical cylinder rotating at a surface speed which corresponds to that of the stretching rollers.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing using exemplary embodiments:

Flg. Figure 1 is a schematic representation, in cross section, of part of an apparatus according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the 1st element ·, · dl serve for detaching of the web and parallel alignment of the fibers, and which are in Figure 1 within the circled by the dotted area Uni · 2.

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Pig. 3 let an enlarged Teilaneloht dee dee Within region 2 located Sägezahndrahtbe-Bohlages shows a part of the combing roll and Florabtrenn- of Figure and. 2 \

Pig · 4 and Pig. 5 correspond to the Pig. 2, however, show two additional execution examples for the device according to the invention.

In the drawing, the reference numeral 11 designates a driven main drum or a card drum, from which a pile or fleece W made of carded textile fibers is attached a doffing drum 12 is transferred, which may be of conventional type, and the outer surface of which is provided with a metallic sawtooth wire clothing (garnett wire clothing) 12a, the tips of which, as can be seen, in the direction opposite to the direction of travel of the doffing drum 12 point·

To remove the pile f from the take-off drum 12 and align the fibers in parallel without necessarily compressing the pile into a band, the device comprises the illustrated first embodiment a tear-off and comb element or a tear-off and combing roller 13 and a pair of upper and lower stretching rollers 14 and 15, which lead the Plor W to a take-up roll 20, which are driven by a pair of auxiliary rolls 21 and 22 which are spaced approximately parallel and support the winding it will be a spirally wound plore wrap P

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· The tear-off roller 13 is provided with a wire fitting or with a metallic sawtooth card fitting 13a provided, from which each tooth preferably has a "back-angled" leading edge which with its front side in the direction of rotation of the tear-off cylinder 15

As shown in Figure 3, the teeth of the wire fitting 13a have the leading edge of each tooth extending preferably inwardly in such a way that it slopes backwards with a corresponding radius line drawn from the axis of the roller to the tip of the tooth in question directed angle of up to 20 ° · In other words forms the narrow edge or the leading edge of each tooth a backward sloping angle from its base up to its tip · The angle of the trailing edge each tooth can vary according to the number of teeth per unit length and the tooth height · These tooth angles have produced optimal results »however, they are given as an example and are not intended to be limiting characteristics of the teeth · The height of each tooth from root to tip can be about 1.6 mm (1/16 of an inch).

The tear roller 13 should be relative to the doffer be arranged so that it detaches the pile from the latter, and the surface speeds of the doffer 12 and the tear roller 13 should be approximately the same.

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In practice, for example, when processing fibers from Polyacrylic resin averaging about 10.8 cm (about 4 1/4 in.) In fiber length into a pile W weighing in of about 11.86 g / m (0.35 ounces per square yard), the surface speed of the doffer 12 is about 5 to 10 # faster than that of the tear-off roller with a minimum distance of about 0.2 mm (approx. 0.007 inch) between the doffing drum 12 and the tear-off roller 13

In order now to align the pile W parallel, it is simultaneously stretched and combed, as a result of which the fibers are straightened and aligned in the carding direction. For this purpose, the outer surface of the lower stretching roller 15 be grooved so that it has closely spaced ribs 15a over at least that part of the drawing roller, which is covered by the pile W, this area being so close to the wire fitting 13a of the tear-off roller 13, that it is ensured that the pile is enclosed between the annular rows of teeth of the roller 13 immediately before it is removed, i.e. "by the stretching rollers 14, 15" which rotate at a greater speed than the tear roller 13, is drawn tangentially out of the area of the spaces between the teeth. This arrangement causes the fibers to rest against a substantial part of the outer surface of the tear roller 13 so that they over the teeth of the wire fitting 13a pulled out while the tensile force exerted on the Streok rollers 14 and 15 is combed

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In order also to ensure that the pasers below the tear-off roller 13 are in contact with the wire sole 13a can remain, a small, the pile supporting roller 25 near and below the lowermost part of the tear roller 13 should be attached. The support roller 25 can possibly be a smooth rotatable steel cylinder. In practice the support roller 25 was immobile and its surface was at a distance of about 3/8 inch. from the fitting 13a at a distance of about 9.5 mm the roller 13 is arranged. In a sample plant, the rollers 13, 14, 15 and 25 had a diameter of about 7718 mm (about 3 1/16 inch.), 114.3 mm (about 4 1/2 inch.), 127.0 mm (5 inch.), and 20.6 mm (13/16 inch.), but may their Diameter and their position to one another in other systems vary, provided that the distance between the clamping point between rollers 14 and 15 to the point at which the pile leaves the Y / roll 13 is less than the fiber length the average of the pile fibers. The relatively close proximity of the rollers 13 and 15 and the through the Roll 25 formed support for the pile cause the device to do without special guidance for the pile ceiling. In this connection it should be noted that when the pile is detached from the take-off drum, the pile initially still adheres to the wire fitting 13a, wherein it is additionally held by the support roller 25. Afterward falls the pile ceiling from the wire fitting 13a on the grooved Y / alze 15, which in turn transfers the part of the pile to the The clamping point between the rollers 14 and 15 promotes

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To the fibers through the teeth of the wire fitting 13a to pull is, as mentioned earlier, the surface speed of the stretching rollers 14 and 15 is significantly higher than that of the tear-off roller 13 · Although already due to the tensile force of the If a part of the fibers is aligned parallel to the flordeoke adhering to the wire fitting 13a, this train acts but not such that in particular the crimped or twisted strands are smoothed or straightened by themselves Therefore, another important feature of the present invention is that the spacing of the gap or the nip between the stretching rollers 14 and 15 to the point on the surface of the wire fitting 13a at which the fibers leaving the tips of the teeth are less than the average length of the fibers in the pile W, so that the durohhanging portion of almost all the fibers between the Bohen the teeth of the Drahtbeschlageβ 13a is pulled while its part serving for the continuation is clamped between the stretching rollers and carried on by them, which causes a tension to be exerted on the pasers, which simultaneously moves them forward and stretches them. Practice has shown that the distance at which the support roller 25 is arranged from the roller 13 is all the smaller must be, the larger the diameter of the roller 13 with her Sole pad 13a is · The support roller 25 can also be larger Be spaced from the roller 13; this distance is greater in particular when the distance between the clamping point between rollers 14 and 15 from the nip

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between the rollers 13 and 25 less let ale the length the Pasern in the pile ViT. It follows that the extent of the The hold that is to be exerted by the roller 25 supporting the pile is best determined empirically.

The stretch factor given to the pile is preferably on the order of about 1.5 to 3.0 or greater, i.e. the surface or angular velocity the stretching rollers 14 and 15 must preferably be 1.5 to 3 times as high as the surface or angular velocity the tear roller 13. Since the degree of stretching influences the weight of the pile per unit length, it should be apparent be that the maximum draw depends on the number of fibers that the doffer 12 to be worn

In order to further ensure a sufficient tensile force between the stretching rollers 14 and 15, the upper Stretching roller 14 have the shape of a metal core or rod, which is provided with an elastic cover 14a made of natural or synthetic rubber, cork or the like is provided. Since the Pile blanket W can be 228.6 µm (90 inches) wide and larger, the top draw roller 14 can be an adequate one Have weight to the desired level of tensile force on the located on the lower draw roller 15 To exert the pile. If necessary, however, suitable weights or a liquid column through which the Arrow 14b are used to

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on the roller 14 a downward directed against the roller 15 To apply pressure. Drive devices for drums 11 and 12 and rollers 15, 14 and 15 are shown in FIG Pig · 1 and 2 represented by arrows a "through e, which indicate the direction in which the respective drums and Rotate rollers (11, 12 or 13, 14, 15). The upper draw roller 14 can be independent and synchronous with the grooved Roller 15 are driven. In general, however, the roller 14 is in direct contact with roller 15 or through the material passing through between the rollers 14 and 15 is driven.

The device described so far causes the fibers of the pile or Vliesee W against the fibers of Card webs processed by known methods are aligned to a very high degree in parallel. Ee has has shown that the smoothing or straightening and the parallel alignment of the fibers can be further improved by the fibers are brushed while they are still on the doffing drum 12. To this end, how auB Fig * 1 shows a rotating with the help of a drive Brush 27 is arranged, the surface speed of which is significantly higher than that of the removal drum 12 and this is opposite. In other words, they move the adjacent parts of the brush 27 and the doffer 12 in the same direction. The brush 27 can be made with resilient bristles made of wire, nylon, or any other

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any material and is located in in the immediate vicinity of the doffing drum and in the vicinity, namely below the point at which the fibers of the drum 11 to pass over the drum 12 · In the present case, the rotating brush 27 in Fig. 1 is between the arcs of the drums 11 and 12 below the point at which the fibers are transferred or below the Arranged clamping point of the drums. Since the surface speed of the brush 27 is much higher than that the drum 12, the brush 27 applies the surface fibers the doffing drum, whereby the effectiveness of the controlled drawing system described above in straightening and parallelizing the fibers is increased. It let Im The scope of the invention provides that the doffer possibly also rotates in the same direction as the main drum 11 and in the opposite direction as the tear roller 131 with its teeth 12a each in the Indicate direction of rotation

In the broad exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the rollers are essentially flat as the rollers in Fig. 2, with the exception of the support roller 25, which is here with a wire shoe or a similar shoe is provided} accordingly for Fig. 2 and Fig. The same reference numerals are used for similar or identical elements. In the second exemplary embodiment, the Wire-fitting support roller 25 * the roller 25

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in Fig · 2j it can have a slightly larger Durohmesser there · The roller 25 'can be driven clockwise, as indicated by the arrow, so that the adjacent parts of the fittings 13a and 25a * on the roller 13 and the Roll 23 * move in the same direction and with the same surface speed. The wire sole 25a * can be identical to the wire fitting 13a (FIG. 3), its teeth preferably pointing with their narrow edges in the direction of rotation of the roller 25 *, ie in the direction in which the pile cover W is moved. The wire fittings 12a and 25a ¹ (FIG. 4) can be arranged so close to one another that the roller 13 and the roller 25 * in FIG get in Fig. 4 contribute in this way that the pile blanket W can be combed from both sides.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5 has the doffing drum 12 with its wire support 12a and the rollers 13t 14 and 15, which can be identical to the corresponding devices from FIGS. 2 and 4. Therefore, the same reference numerals apply to similar ropes in FIG. 5. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG devices shown in that the tear-off and comb element or the roller 13 rotates clockwise in FIG. 5, instead of counterclockwise as in FIG

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2 and 4. Correspondingly, in order to detach the pile from the take-off drum 12 so that it can be removed from the tear roller 13 can be picked up or set down on this one

/(β.Fig.5)

Conventional oscillating Haoker comb 30 can be arranged, namely a little above the tear-off and comb roller 13 or with regard to the direction of rotation of the removal drum 12 following the roller 13 as can be seen in Figure 5, the pile W over the tear roll 13 instead of underneath the same as this is the case in Fig. 2 and 4, and then runs down through the nip between the stretching rollers 14 and 15 Sa chopper combs with regard to their construction and function are well known, a more detailed description appears and illustration of the same unnecessary.On request, a similar

/(s.Fig.2) lent role like the support roller 25, in the embodiment 5, can be arranged above the roller 13 in order to be able to place the pile W more easily on the roller 13.

In all the examples described, Note that the distance between the clamping parts of the Rollers 14 and 15 and the point at which the pile ceiling the preceding tear-off and combing whale 13 leaves, always must be less than the length of the fibers in the pile W is average, and that the Surface Ge echwindigkei t of the stretching rollers 14, 15 must always be greater than the surface speed of the tear-off wa * säe 13 "

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Although the tear-off and combing element 13 in the illustrated embodiments is always shown in its vorzugswei-βen form as a cylinder provided with wire fittings, it should be noted that other designs or combinations for pulling off the pile can be used without departing from the scope of the invention is exceeded. For example, a couple can

/respectively. -bands of endless aprons, from one or both of which have pins protruding in the radial direction, are used for processing the fibers will.

Although the pile may not be subjected to the desired inevitable combing, a smooth-surfaced roller or smooth, endless transport cloths or the like can be used for processing the fibers of the cylindrical roller 13, together with a suitable pick-up device such as a reciprocating chopper comb to simultaneously slide and stretch the pile sheet as it is advanced between cylinders 14 and 15. In any case, it is important that the Combing and / or stretching the pile W next to and in Connection to the detachment of the pile cover takes place from the removal drum, since the pile cover is at this stage more than at some point in the course of their further processing approaches the single-fiber strength and thus the smoothing of the

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there is less resistance to its fibers and their parallel alignment within the pile, so that only a minimal fiber breakage is to be expected

From the above description it can be seen that the stretching rollers 14 and 15 have sufficient tensile force on the pile Exercise across the width of the blanket in a forward direction to make a lengthways stretch and a to bring about parallel alignment of the pile while this is being carried out by the tear-off roller 13 and / or the Haoker comb 30 (Fig. 5) is detached from the removal drum 12, at the same time the tear roller 13 causes the pile a is subjected to further parallelizing operation while it is being stretched in an area the distance of which is smaller from the area in which the tensile force is applied than the average fiber length of the fibers that are stretched over the entire width of the pile cover

The parallel alignment achieved to a high degree in the practical application of the present invention There are significant advantages to fibers in the W pile. Example catfish is used when processing long staple fibers, such as synthetic fibers and wool fibers for carpet yarns, according to the carded yarn system, tape robbing is reduced to a minimum, and the resulting yarns contain a greater proportion of long fibers, resulting in a minimum of waste on the soaking machines and brushes

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leads · Even in cases in which the pile, which is largely aligned in parallel, is subsequently pressed together to form a band the resulting waste is significantly reduced when the card sliver is further processed, e.g. when combing. In addition, the nonwoven fabric produced according to the present method can be made of largely parallel-oriented Wind the fibers tightly on a roll or a loop, which can also easily be unwound again without adjacent windings being merged with one another in such a way that the flordeoke is ripped apart. The winding and unwinding of the fleece without the risk of tearing is for example of considerable advantage in processes in which several fiber pile layers are placed one on top of the other, such as this is the case in the manufacture of non-woven fabrics.

The features and information disclosed in the registration documents are, if they are used individually or in combination are new compared to the prior art, claimed as essential to the invention.

Claims 9 09887/0487

Claims (2)

Claims 1 · Method for the parallel alignment of textile fibers in one of the doffer of a card coming fiber fleece, characterized in that the fiber fleece after detachment from the take-off drum at a linear speed that is a predetermined amount above the peripheral speed of the doffing drum through the nip of a pair of pulling rollers is passed through and thereby stretched with parallelization of the fibers and that the nonwoven fabric before it enters the clamping gap of the pair of pulling rollers by attacking a toothed surface that moves slower than the fiber fleece is subjected to a combing treatment between the doffer and the pair of draw rollers, so that the rear Ends of the fiber with at least average staple length are still in engagement with the toothed surface while their front ends have already entered the nip of the pulling roller pair M »ue UnterJaoen (Art 711 Ah«.? Νγ. Ι sau 3, 909887/0487 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric located on the doffer drum prior to detachment of a longitudinal combing treatment is subjected 3 · Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber fleece after detachment from the doffing drum, initially at a linear speed essentially corresponding to its peripheral speed from the doffing drum is moved away. 4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fiber fleece by one in the immediate vicinity of the doffer drum with one of its peripheral speed in substantially corresponding surface speed moving, toothed surface detached from the removal drum will. 5 · Device for parallel alignment of textile fibers in one of a rotating doffer coming fiber fleece, characterized by a rotating fleece removal roller provided with a wire fitting, a fleece movement direction in front of the removal 909887/0487 roller pair of pull rollers lying on the ground, which move with a Rotate the peripheral speed that exceeds the peripheral speed of the separation roller by a predetermined amount, wherein the distance between the nip of the pair of pulling rollers and the point at which the fleece touches the release roller leaves is smaller than the average staple length of the pasers, and with the release roll close to it the take-off drum is and rotates substantially at the same peripheral speed as this, so that the fleece is detached from the take-off drum and only partially wraps around the detachment roller, and is further characterized by a fleece support roller with a wire fitting that lies close to the release roller, and wherein the take-off drum, the release roller and the Fleece support roller are arranged such that the fleece on its way from the take-off drum to the tension rollers between the release roller and the fleece support roller are guided 909887/0487 Blank page