CH710221A1 - Set for the processing of textile fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clothing for the treatment of textile fibers with a clothing carrier (1) and clothing tips (2), wherein the clothing tips (2) by wire hooks (4) are formed. The wire hooks (4) are pricked through the clothing carrier (1) in a setting process. The clothing carrier (1) is a randomly woven and staple-fiber-bonded panel made of endless fibers or staple fibers (10) and impregnated with a polymer (11) with a specific specific basis weight and with a side of the clothing carrier (1) facing the clothing tips (2) ) applied functional layer (12). The polymer (11) has a weight fraction of 20 to 60 percent at the specific basis weight of the impregnated random mat.

Description

The present invention relates to a clothing for the treatment of textile fibers.

Flexible and semi-rigid trimmings are used in various areas of processing of textile fibers. A flexible or semi-rigid garnish consists essentially of a clothing carrier and the clothing tips held therein. The clothing tips are formed by wire hooks which are U-shaped. The wire tokens are pierced in a so-called setting process at certain intervals and arrangements through the clothing carrier, the ends of which protrude from the clothing carrier and form the clothing tips. The wire tokens are held in the clothing carrier and have a certain flexibility, depending on their shape and length and the nature of the clothing carrier. Semi-rigid trimmings have the stronger wire hooks than the flexible trimmings. Also, the clothing carrier is stronger in semi-rigid sets, designed in terms of lower flexibility, as in flexible sets.

Various designs of sets with correspondingly differently designed clothing carriers are known from the prior art, the clothing carrier are usually designed in multiple layers. DE 10 2006 016 832 discloses a clothing carrier comprising at least two layers, a lower layer and a cover layer. In the lower layer the wire hooks are anchored. The cover layer, however, allows undisturbed swinging of the wire hooks, which is particularly important in an application in the carding. The underlayer is formed of a nonwoven fabric, wherein the material of the nonwoven fabric is different from the material of the cover layer. The CH 636 134 discloses a clothing with a clothing carrier consisting of a base body with embedded reinforcing inserts. The main body is made of an elastic plastic and the reinforcing inserts made of fabric or fabric layers.

In DE 7 414 314 a known embodiment of sets with a clothing carrier, which consists of several fabric layers, improved to the effect that at least one layer of a nonwoven fabric is inserted. CH 704 412 discloses a clothing set comprising a fabric made of a non-woven fabric made from a particular blend of different types of fibers. In particular, shrink fibers are used, which in the case of a thermal treatment in the production process lead to a solidification of the nonwoven.

All known from the prior art clothing carrier have the disadvantage that they are composed of several layers or consist of a certain mixture of different fibers, wherein the different layers, respectively, the different fibers must be connected to each other. The necessity of a layered structure or the use of different materials in a fleece for a clothing carrier appears imperative that on the one hand a strong anchoring of the wire hooks in the clothing carrier and on the other hand a certain mobility of the clothing tips and their seat must be guaranteed in the clothing carrier. A disadvantage of clothing carriers according to the prior art are also relatively weak restoring forces, which bring the clothing tips after a deflection in each case in the original position. This is also due to the fact that known clothing wearer after a short time and thereby have the clothing tips in the clothing carrier too much game. This leads to the so-called tearing of the clothing.

The invention has for its object to provide a set with a clothing carrier, wherein the Gamiturträger has a simple structure and a necessary for the anchoring of wire tokens strength and still allows the necessary mobility of the wire tokens.

The object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent claim.

To solve the problem, a set is proposed for the processing of textile fibers with a clothing carrier and clothing tips, the clothing tips are formed by wire hooks, which are pricked in a setting process through the clothing carrier. The clothing carrier is a nonwoven web formed from endless fibers or staple fibers and bonded by needle punching and impregnated with a polymer with a specific specific basis weight and with a functional layer applied to a side of the clothing carrier facing the clothing tips. The polymer has a weight fraction of 20 to 60 percent at the specific basis weight of the impregnated random mat.

The wire hooks used are of varied shape, size and length. The design of the wire hooks depends on the intended use of the clothing. From the prior art, a variety of forms of wire tokens are known, which can be assigned to different uses in textile machines. For the present invention, the geometric shape of the wire tokens without much impact, so will not be discussed further.

Under a random web is a textile fabric of fibers or filaments to be understood, which results from the loose juxtaposition and stacking disordered fibers or filaments. There is no difference in the present invention between the use of staple fibers and continuous filaments. A fleece may consist of longitudinal, longitudinal and transverse, transverse fibers or filaments or of a complete random orientation, wherein in a random orientation the fleece is referred to as a random fleece. If the fibers or filaments are designed in one direction, this is called a unidirectional nonwoven.

To obtain the essential properties for the clothing properties polyester (PES) fibers or polyamide (PA) fibers have been found suitable for random web formation. Preferably, the fibers are used as staple fibers having a staple length of 30 mm to 80 mm and a fiber fineness of 1.0 dtex to 5.0 dtex. The specific strength is 25 cN / tex to 60 cN / tex. Alternatively, continuous filaments having the same fiber denier and strength can be used.

Preferably, the random web is made of polyamide fibers. Polyamide fibers have a higher moisture absorption capacity compared to polyester fibers, which is also expressed in a higher wettability. This achieves increased adhesion of the polymer used in the impregnation to the individual fiber. Also, the polyamide fiber shows a higher recovery after mechanical stress than the polyester fiber. This means that after a mechanical load, the polyamide fiber returns to its original state rather than the polyester fiber. These mechanical restoring forces lead in the present application to an increased service life of the clothing wearer.

As known from the prior art, the fibers used to form the random web are deposited after the carding process on a belt as a random fleece layer and then stacked with a nonwoven cross-over. Through the transverse wainscoting of a plurality of random nonwoven layers, a paneled random nonwoven fabric is formed with the preferred direction of the fibers in the transverse direction. Under the transverse direction is to be understood orthogonal to a running direction of the tape on which the random fleece layer is deposited. By the paneling (doubling), the desired basis weight of the random web portion of the clothing wearer is achieved. In a preferred embodiment, the random web is constructed from at least 30-60 paneling, preferably from 40 paneling.

A paneled random web is held together only limited by itself. In order to improve this limited cohesion, the random web is subjected to a needling process, thereby achieving a web bonding. A needling can be carried out in one or more passages. Furthermore, it is possible to influence the fiber orientation in the nonwoven by deliberate warping (stretching) of the nonwoven before or after the needling process. As a result, defined force-elongation properties of the fleece can be adjusted in the longitudinal and transverse directions. By needling an increase in the density of the random web is effected, it is achieved up to 0.3 g / cm 3.

After needling, the random mat is passed through calender rolls for a first time. Characterized thickness differences are compensated and set a defined thickness or density.

An important feature of the clothing wearer is the permanent elasticity. The clothing tips used later are claimed in such a way that the wire hooks move back and forth. To ensure that the wire hooks do not become loose in their fastening, the clothing carrier must have a high permanent elasticity. To increase the permanent elasticity of the clothing carrier is impregnated after the first calendering with a polymer.

The polymer, for example latex (acrylonitrile), is provided in the form of an aqueous dispersion. Preferably, the proportion of water is 50 to 70 percent, preferably less than 60 percent. In an alternative embodiment, the polymer may also consist of over 95% of a synthetic rubber dissolved in gasoline. The random web is dipped in this dispersion or solution, whereby the random web absorbs the dispersion or solution in its cavities. Subsequently, the random web is pressed by a second calendering for the removal of superfluous dispersion and stabilized and dried in a further step. For stabilization, an infrared field is usually used, thereby preventing sedimentation of the polymer. The stabilization and drying of the random fleece can take place in a heated space through which the random fleece is transported. In this case, the random web can be guided on belts, rollers or other suitable means, for example, evacuated drums of a perforated drum dryer, through the heated space.

In a further embodiment, heated rolls can also be used for stabilizing and drying the random web. The heating allows the creation of smooth surfaces, respectively, an adjustment of the surface texture of the clothing wearer.

The impregnation also has an increase in density result. With the help of the change of the polymer content in the aqueous dispersion, the stored amount of polymer in the clothing carrier can be determined. This has an effect on the elasticity and the density of the clothing carrier, densities of from 0.4 g / cm 3 to 0.5 g / cm 3 are achieved.

Advantageously, the impregnated random web reaches a specific basis weight of more than 1400 g / m <2>. It has been found that impregnated random webs having a lower specific basis weight result in a reduction of the holding forces of the wire hooks pierced therein and thereby promote a more rapid lapping of the wire hooks. Preferably, the specific basis weight of the impregnated random mat is more than 1600 g / m 2.

The functional layer applied on the side of the clothing carrier facing the clothing tips serves to achieve a structure compensation of the surface of the random nonwoven fabric. The functional layer advantageously has a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm. Thin functional layers are achieved by applying a rubber coating. Such functional layers are carried out, for example, by applying rubber several times in a small amount.

In a further embodiment, an application of a functional layer is provided by laminating with a polyurethane (PUR) film. By laminating the PUR film is connected to the random web. In particular, the thermal lamination is suitable in which under heat influence and under pressure, the PUR film is applied to the clothing carrier, for example by means of heated rollers. The PUR film used in this case has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably PUR films with a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm are used.

This created by the coating or the film functional layer has the advantage that the surface of the clothing wearer is easy to clean and in use lead the guided past the clothing fibers to less clinging. In addition, the preferably used PUR film contributes to the improvement of the permanently elastic properties of the clothing carrier. The applied to the random web PUR film also increases the retention force of the clothing carrier with respect to the inserted wire hooks. This also shows a difference between the known prior art with the use of a cover layer and the application of a functional layer. The functional layer fulfills several tasks and thus contributes significantly to improving the performance of the clothing. The increase in the retention force with a stable over a longer period of operation flexibility and good cleaning behavior can not be achieved by a set with a simple cover layer.

By the use of heated rollers or belts in the thermal lamination, the PUR film is provided with a surface structure. By the pressure which the rollers resp. Bands on the PUR film exercise one on the rollers resp. Tapes existing structure transferred to the film.

Also, the fiber friction on a structured surface is substantially lower than on a smooth surface, this being due to the fact that the actual contact surface between a fiber and the surface of the clothing carrier is reduced by the structuring of the surface. Preferably, the surface of the functional layer has a wave-like structure. The wave-like structure is due to the heated rollers resp. Transfer tapes to the surface of the PUR film during lamination.

The surface of the functional layer preferably has a surface roughness Ra of 5 .mu.m to 30 .mu.m, more preferably 7 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m. The largest height difference Rz is more than 30 μm. The surface roughness Ra and Rz are to be determined using the stylus method according to the standard DIN EN ISO 4287 (Edition 1998). The stylus used for this purpose is determined by the standard EN ISO 3274 (Edition 1997) in its nominal properties.

It has been shown that a structured surface of the functional layer or an increased roughness of the surface compared to a smooth surface of the functional layer leads to a better sliding of the fibers on the surface and to a reduction of the adhesion of dirt. This also contributes to an improvement in the cleaning of the clothing.

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment and explained in more detail by drawings. <Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> Schematic representation of a clothing carrier with inserted flexible clothing according to the prior art <Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> Schematic representation of a clothing carrier according to the invention

In Fig. 1, a known flexible clothing with a clothing carrier 1 with inserted wire hooks 4, which form the clothing tips 2, is shown. The clothing carrier 1 is composed of a plurality of woven textile layers 3, which are held together by binders or by vulcanization with rubber or synthetic rubber. In addition to the textile layers 3, a rubber layer is present as a cover layer 5. The pierced through the clothing carrier 1 wire hook 4 are held in the multi-layer fabric 3. The wire hooks 4 are heavily stressed during operation and are anchored accordingly in the multi-layered clothing carrier 1. Flexible trimmings, as well as semi-rigid trimmings are usually made in strips with a certain width b and a thickness d and then used in so-called lids or mounted on rollers.

In Fig. 2, an embodiment of the clothing according to the invention is shown schematically. The clothing carrier 1 is shown in the illustration as a single layer with a functional layer 12. The clothing carrier 1 is a paneled random web of PES or PA fibers 10. The paneled random web is consolidated by needling and brought to a certain thickness by a first calendering. By a subsequent impregnation of the clothing carrier 1, a polymer 11 is introduced into the clothing carrier 1. By a final second calendering the thickness d is achieved. On the clothing top 2 facing top of the clothing carrier 1 is applied over the entire width b, a functional layer 12 by laminating with a PUR film. The upper side corresponds to the side on which the wire hooks 4 protrude and form the clothing tips 2. The applied functional layer 12 serves not only to improve the surface finish of the clothing carrier 1, so that the adhesion of dust and dirt can be reduced, but also to improve the permanently elastic properties of the clothing carrier first

The clothing carrier 1 are usually prepared as endless webs with a certain length and equipped by the setting process with wire hook 4 to form the clothing tips 2. After completion of the entire manufacturing process, the clothing carriers 1 equipped with wire hooks 4 are cut into ready-to-use clothing strips of width b. The width b depends on the intended use between 15 mm and 150 mm.

Legend

[0032] <Tb> 1 <September> clothing support <Tb> 2 <September> clothing tips <Tb> 3 <September> textile layer <Tb> 4 <September> wire hooks <Tb> 5 <September> topcoat <tb> 10 <SEP> PES fiber or PA fiber <Tb> 11 <September> Polymer <Tb> 12 <September> functional layer <tb> d <SEP> Thickness of the clothing carrier <b> b <SEP> Width of the clothing carrier

Claims (10)

1. clothing for the treatment of textile fibers with a clothing carrier (1) and clothing tips (2), wherein the clothing tips (2) by wire hooks (4) are formed, which are pricked in a setting process by the clothing carrier (1), wherein the clothing carrier (1) consists of continuous fibers or staple fibers (10) formed by needle punched paneled and impregnated with a polymer (11) random web with a specific specific basis weight and on a the clothing tips (2) facing side of the clothing carrier (1) applied functional layer (12), characterized in that the polymer (11) has a weight fraction of 20 to 60 percent at the specific basis weight of the impregnated random mat. 2. Set according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific weight per unit area of the impregnated random mat is more than 1400 g / m 2, preferably more than 1600 g / m 2. 3. Fitting according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the functional layer (12) has a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm. 4. Fitting according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional layer (12) is a rubber coating. 5. Fitting according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the functional layer (12) is a PUR film. 6. Fitting according to claim 5, characterized in that the PUR film has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm, preferably from 0.2 to 0.3 mm. 7. Fitting according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the functional layer (12) has a wave-like structure, which differs from an output surface of the PUR film. 8. Fitting according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional layer (12) has a surface roughness Ra of 5 microns to 30 microns, preferably 7 microns to 20 microns. 9. Fitting according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the endless fibers or staple fibers of polyester or polyamide. 10. Fitting according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer (11) consists of more than 95% of a synthetic rubber dissolved in gasoline.