EP0365856B1 - Crossband arrangement at the exit of a carding machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cross belt arrangement at the exit of a card, in which the fiber web emerging from a clamping point formed between at least two rotatable carding output rollers is deposited on the upper run of a cross belt lying at least substantially below these card output rollers, which is located in the axial direction of these rollers between the axial ends this carding idler rollers arranged adjacent deflection rollers runs and the fiber web leads to the one axial end of these carding idler rollers, where it is guided downward by means of a guide device arranged around an axis arranged transversely to the carding idler roller axes and to the transverse belt or several such axles. A cross belt arrangement of this type is known from CH-A-503 810, but with the exception of the guide device mentioned, which was, however, implemented in a card of this type manufactured and marketed by Rieter AG.

In the known cross belt arrangement (Rieter card), the guide device is formed by a roller which is arranged next to the associated deflection roller, in such a way that a vertical line connecting the axes of rotation of the deflection roller and the roller runs horizontally. Furthermore, the cylindrical surfaces of the rotatable rollers forming the nip extend horizontally beyond the roller until they are narrowed like a bottle neck for reasons of drive technology.

Although such known cross belt arrangements have proven themselves in practice, the desire for ever higher card outputs leads to higher take-off speeds of the card web, which reaches technological limits, since the card web is a relatively weak structure and tends to form excessive loops in the region of the cross belt outlet.

The object of the present invention is to ensure an increase in the strength of the carding nonwoven with a simultaneous reduction in the tendency to form loops, so that higher fleece take-off speeds can be used.

In order to achieve the object, it is provided according to the invention that the card feed rollers arranged above the cross belt each have a sudden narrowing at their ends assigned to the guide device in front of the deflection point of the cross belt, in which the guide device is partially accommodated, and that a clamping point or a clamping area is formed between the guide device and the adjacent deflection roller of the cross belt and is arranged laterally from and at least predominantly above an imaginary plane running parallel to the horizontal, in which the axis of rotation of this deflection roller lies.

The inclusion of a part of the guide device in the abrupt narrowing of the carding outfeed rolls first of all inhibits the tendency of the carded nonwoven transported on the cross belt to overshoot the deflection roller assigned to the guide device or to form a loop, thereby loosening the carding nonwoven as a result of the overshooting. which also means a reduction in the strength of the card fleece is counteracted.

Furthermore, the arrangement of the clamping point or the clamping area in the area between 12 p.m. and 3 a.m. of the deflection roller leads to an arrangement in which the guide device can better counteract the centrifugal forces which arise when the strip is deflected and which also lead to a reduction in the strength of the card sliver . The arrangement also enables the distance between the cross belt and the guide device to be reduced in the clamping point or in the clamping area, and pronounced pre-compression takes place during the deflection. This pre-compression also increases the strength of the card sliver and also facilitates the subsequent movement of the card sliver through a collecting funnel. This also reduces the risk of fibers of the card sliver from being spliced off at the funnel and of the funnel becoming blocked, or it is possible to increase the sliver take-off speed beyond the previous limits.

The guiding device itself can take various forms. For example, it can be formed by a single deflecting roller, as specified in claim 2. This role is then preferably arranged according to the invention in the angular range specified in claim 3. This training is easy to implement, but still very effective.

However, the guide device can also be formed by a plurality of rollers, each of which is arranged rotatably about its own axis, as defined in claim 4. The rollers can be arranged in an arcuate arrangement, which is adapted to the deflection of the cross belt around the deflection roller and it can according to claim 5, the distances at the nips between the individual rollers and the cross belt, in the direction of movement of the cross belt, increasing be chosen smaller, so that an increasing compression of the fleece is achieved according to the invention. Especially when using several rollers for the guide device, there is the possibility of driving these rollers with increasing surface speed in the direction of travel of the cross belt, so that with the pre-compression of the nonwoven also a certain stretching occurs and the risk of winding formation in the individual rollers is further reduced.

It is also possible to implement the guiding device by means of a circulating belt, an extended clamping area and increasing pre-compression of the fleece also being achievable here.

In general, the surface speed of the guide device should be at least as large and preferably greater than that of the cross belt.

Preferred dimensions of the width of the clamping point or the clamping area are specified in claim 9.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide device is provided with circumferential grooves. This design, which can be used in all of the previously mentioned embodiments of the guide device, for example in the form of a roller with circumferential grooves or a circumferential belt with circumferential grooves, enables the air enclosed in the fleece to be rapidly removed, which air is pressed out of the fleece by pre-compression. Because this air can easily escape, an increased strength of the collected carding fleece and the carding tape produced therefrom is achieved. It is also possible to reduce the distance between the guide device and the cross belt in the area of the narrowest clamping point, so that a even higher pre-compression of the carding nonwoven and therefore an even higher strength of the carding tape can be achieved according to the invention.

Various configurations of the surfaces of the guide device are also conceivable, which can lead to the desired air removal, for example the guide device can be designed according to claims 11 to 13.

The embodiment according to claim 14 is also particularly important, since the effort required to drive the guide device can be reduced to a minimum.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Stirnansicht einer Kardenanordnung mit einem eine Schulter aufweisenden Querband,

Fig. 2

eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Umlenkbereiches des Querbandes der Fig. 1 in Pfeilrichtung II der Fig.1,

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung entsprechend der Fig. 2, jedoch mit einer Variante der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Führungseinrichtung,

Fig. 4

eine Zeichnung entsprechend der Fig. 2 oder 3, jedoch mit einer weiteren Variante der Führungseinrichtung,

Fig. 5

eine Ausführungsvariante einer Führungsrolle für die Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer als Siebtrommel ausgebildete Führungsrolle,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung einer als Laufkäfig ausgebildete Führungsrolle, und

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch ein Querband mit Zwei Schultern.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, which shows:

Fig. 1

FIG. 2 shows a schematic end view of a card arrangement with a cross band having a shoulder, FIG.

Fig. 2

2 shows an enlarged illustration of the deflection area of the cross belt of FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow II of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2, but with a variant of the guide device shown in FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

2 shows a drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 or 3, but with a further variant of the guide device,

Fig. 5

1 shows a variant of a guide roller for the arrangement according to FIG. 2,

Fig. 6

1 shows a schematic illustration of a guide roller designed as a sieve drum,

Fig. 7

is a schematic representation of a guide roller designed as a cage, and

Fig. 8

a cross section through a cross band with two shoulders.

1 shows a reel 11 of a card, which rotates about an axis of rotation 13 in operation in the direction of arrow 12. The drum carries a needle set (not shown) in a known manner, with carded fibers 14 being carried at the tips of the needles and forming a very fine combed fiber pile. To the right of the drum there is the usual pickup 10, which rotates in the direction of arrow 15 of its axis of rotation 16. The customer also carries, in a manner known per se, a needle set (not shown), the needle tips of which take over the fibrous web supplied by the spool 11 and lead to a pile removal roller 17, which can be designed, for example, as a grooved roller and rotates in the direction of arrow 18. Opposite the pile pick-up roller 17 there is a guide roller 19 which runs in the opposite direction. The pile take-off roller 17 and the guide roller 19 guide the fibrous web to a nip between two carding outfeed rollers 21 and 22, the carding outfeed roller 21 rotating in the same direction as the pile picking roller 17 and the carding outfeed roller 22 rotating in the same direction as the guide roller 19. Die Carding idler rollers 21, 22 are highly polished rollers with two or three grooves, the surfaces of which extend in a helical manner, with a pitch such that each groove has approximately two total revolutions over the length of the carding idler rollers 21, 22.

Both the customer and the pile removal roller 17, the guide roller 19 and the carding spout or clamping rollers 21, 22 extend over the entire width of the reel. The fiber web 23 emerging from the nip of the carding outfeed rolls 21, 22 is deposited on the upper run 24 (FIG. 2) of a cross belt running in the axial direction of the carding outfeed rolls 21, 22, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG 1 into this level. The cross belt is guided over two deflecting rollers 25, which are each arranged adjacent to the axial ends of the carding outfeed rollers and rotate around respective axes 26. For the sake of illustration, only one deflection roller 25 and its axis 26 can be seen in FIG. 1.

The upper run thus runs in a horizontal direction, but inclined in the transverse direction to the horizontal plane. In this way, the fiber web emerging from the nip of the carding outfeed rollers 21, 22 with a total width of approximately 1.25 m is laterally brought together and guided in the form of a so-called carding fleece around the deflection roller at the end of the cross belt 31 so that a fiber band 27 is formed that runs below a curved sheet metal guide 28 and into a measuring funnel 29. The card sliver compressed by the funnel then passes through the known step rollers 30, which can be used, for example, to control the card. From FIG. 1 it can be seen that the cross belt 31 has a shoulder 32, the inner side 33 of which forms an obtuse angle with the outer surface of the cross belt and serves to guide the fibrous web. A cover plate 34 is located behind the shoulder 32. The cross band can also have a second shoulder 35, as shown in FIG. 8.

The present invention is particularly concerned with the guidance of the nonwoven fabric around the deflection roller 25 before it is in Form of a card sliver runs around the guide plate 28. For the sake of illustration, this particular guide is not shown in FIG. 1, but can be seen in a first embodiment on a larger scale in FIG. 2. In the upper part of FIG. 2 you can see the right end of the rear carding outfeed roll 21. The other carding outfeed roll 22 is located in front of this roll 21, but is not shown in FIG. 2. The two rollers are of identical shape but are driven in different directions, as already explained. 2 runs in the direction of arrow 36 about the axis of rotation 37. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 2, the right end of the discharge roller 21 (as well as the right end of the discharge roller 22) has an abrupt narrowing 38, which in this example represents a circular arc, so that the cylindrical outer surface 39 of the discharge roller 21 over a bottle neck-like constriction merges into a cylindrical drive shaft 41, the diameter of which is approximately one third of the diameter of the cylindrical outer surface 39. The drive shaft 41 continues to the right through a bearing on the card frame and is then coupled to a drive source. For the sake of illustration, neither the storage nor the drive source is shown. Below the carding outfeed roller 21 and behind the cross belt 31 there is a solid plate 42 which belongs to the carding frame. This plate carries the axis for the deflection roller 25 and also serves to support the drive for this deflection roller, of which only the drive disk 43 arranged behind the plate 42 is shown. This drive disk 43 has an axis of rotation 44 and is driven by a suitable drive source for a rotary movement in the direction of arrow 45. This rotary movement is transmitted to the deflection roller 25 via a rotating toothed chain 26 and a further toothed pulley 47. Since the two toothed disks 43, 47 and the toothed chain 46 are arranged behind the plate 42, they can only be seen in broken lines in FIG. 2.

The upper run 48 of the toothed chain 46 also runs below a further toothed disc 49, which is also rotatably mounted on and behind the plate 42. The toothed disc 49 also carries a toothed disc 51 which is concentric with it and which drives a guide device in the form of a roller 54 via a further toothed chain 52 and a further toothed disc 53 for a rotational movement in the direction of the arrow 55. The toothed disk 53 and the toothed chain 52 are also arranged behind the plate 42, which is why these parts are also shown in broken lines. The toothed disc 53 is connected to the guide roller 54 via an axis which is rotatably mounted in the plate 42. The guide roller 54 extends across the entire width of the cross belt, i.e. between the two shoulders in Fig. 8, and ensures that the fibrous web, which runs over the carding roller 21 and is transported to the right by the cross belt 31, is pressed against the surface of the cross belt at the deflection point around the deflection axis 26, whereby a certain Pre-compression of the nonwoven fabric formed in this way occurs.

According to the invention, the axis of rotation 57 of the guide roller is arranged in such a way that its surface is partially received in the abrupt narrowing 38 of the carding idler roll 21 and also in the corresponding narrowing of the carding idler roll 22. As a result, the clamping point 58 between the surface of the guide roller 54 and the deflection roller 25 or the transverse belt 31 deflected onto this deflection roller comes to lie in an angular position α of approximately 45 °, measured in the clockwise direction, ie in the circumferential direction 59 of the deflection roller 25 from the Clock position 61. The compressive effect of the guide roller on the nonwoven extends to both Side of the clamping point 58, for example, over an angular range of 30 to 60 °. From the drawing it can also be seen that the extreme right limit of the fibrous web 14 running off the carding output roller 21 comes to a considerable amount D to the left of the deflection point 62 of the cross belt. It can also be seen that the clamping point 58 is to the left of this deflection point 62, so that no pronounced beading occurs in front of the guide roller 54.

The guide roller 54 can have a continuous cylindrical outer surface, but is preferably designed as a grooved roller 54.1, as shown in FIG. 5. In other words, the guide roller 54.1 has a multiplicity of circular circumferential grooves 63 which enable and facilitate the escape of air from the nonwoven fabric pre-compressed by the roller, so that the card sliver formed after the clamping point 58 already has an increased strength. The guide roller 54.1 is driven via a driven axle, which is clamped in the cylinder region 64 or is connected to the guide roller 54.1 in a form-fitting manner via a tongue and groove arrangement. The cylindrical recesses 65 on the right side of the guide roller 54.1 in Fig. 5 serve to receive their storage.

6 shows an alternative embodiment of the guide roller as a screen drum 54.2. The air squeezed out by the pre-compression of the nonwoven fabric can escape into the interior through the holes 66 in the screening drum. A perforated sieve ring could also be mounted on a guide roller 54.1 formed in accordance with FIG. 5. FIG. 7 shows a further variant of the guide roller 54.3, namely the guide roller of FIG. 7 is designed as a playpen roller or roller cage. The by pre-compression pressed air can escape through the gaps between the individual bars 67 of the playpen roller.

Fig. 3 largely corresponds to Fig. 2, which is why the same reference numerals have been used for the same parts. The main difference between the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and that of FIG. 2 is that the guide device here is not formed by a single guide roller, but by three individual rollers 54.5, 54.6 and 54.7, which in this example have the same diameter have, but are driven at different surface speeds, so that the guide roller 54.7 runs faster than the guide roller 54.6, which in turn runs faster than the roller 54.5. The surface speed of the roller 54.5 corresponds essentially to the surface speed of the cross belt 31. The drive arrangement here is such that the toothed chain 46 drives a toothed pulley 71 in the counterclockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow 72. The toothed disk 71 carries a further toothed disk 73 with a somewhat larger diameter and this drives the toothed disk 75 connected to the guide roller 54.7 in a rotationally fixed manner via a further toothed chain 74. This toothed lock washer is designed as a double toothed lock washer and drives a toothed lock washer 77 via a further toothed chain 76, which is non-rotatably connected to the second guide roller 54.6. This toothed lock washer 77 is also designed as a double toothed lock washer and drives a further chain 78, which leads to a rotational movement of yet another toothed lock washer 79, which is non-rotatably coupled to the first guide roller 54.5. All tooth chains and tooth lock washers are mounted behind the plate 42 of the card frame, which is why they are shown in broken lines. The axles and bearings for the toothed disks are carried by this plate 42. The axes themselves protrude through the plate 42 so that the guide rollers 54.5, 54.6, 54.7 on the front of these Plate can be arranged. Instead of showing the axes themselves, only the imaginary axes of rotation are shown by means of a cross in FIG. 3 and in FIGS. 2 and 4.

The three imaginary axes of rotation 57.5, 57.6 and 57.7 of the three guide rollers 54.5, 54.6 and 54.7 are arranged so that the clamping distance between the guide roller 54.5 and the surface of the cross belt 31 on the deflection roller 25 is greater than the corresponding distance for the guide roller 54.6 and The distance for the guide roller 54.6 is again greater than the clamping distance for the guide roller 54.7. This results in an increasing pre-compression of the nonwoven fabric and the air pressed out by each pre-compression can easily escape between the individual guide rollers. This embodiment is not limited to three guide rollers, for example two or four or even more guide rollers can be provided. The guide rollers can also have different diameters. They can also have grooved or perforated surfaces or they can be designed as running cages.

Another possibility for the guide device can be seen in FIG. 4. Here, too, the same parts have the same reference numerals as in the previous versions. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the guide device is not formed by rollers, but by an encircling belt 81 which runs around two deflection rollers 82 and 83. The upper deflection roller 82 is fastened to the plate 42 so as to be rotatable about a fixed stub shaft. The lower deflection roller 83 is rotatably supported and is driven by a toothed disk 84. The toothed disk 84 itself is driven by a toothed chain 85, specifically by a further toothed disk 86 which is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to a somewhat larger toothed disk 87, the latter toothed disk 87 being driven in the direction of arrow 88 by the toothed chain 42. Everyone is lying here too Toothed washers behind the plate 42, which is why they are drawn with dashed lines. After the imaginary axes of rotation 89 and 91 of the deflection rollers 82 and 83 are at a not insignificant distance from one another, there is a static curved guide 92 between the deflection rollers. The guide 92 ensures that the strand of the circulating belt 81 facing the deflection roller 25 is guided in such a way that the nonwoven fabric undergoes increasing compression. As can be seen from FIG. 4, in this embodiment the precompression is carried out over an angular range of 20 to 80 °, this angular range being dimensioned like the angle in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. It is also possible to arrange this angular range in this way that it extends beyond the 90 ° position. This is also possible in the embodiment according to FIG. 3.

So that the air pressed out by the pre-compression of the nonwoven fabric can escape, it is appropriate to provide the surface of the belt 81 with circumferential grooves.

In all of the exemplary embodiments, adjustable tensioning rollers can be used to hold the tooth chains in place. Of course, any other type of drive is also possible.

Claims (15)

1. Transverse conveyor arrangement at the outlet of a card in which the fibre web (23) emerging from a nip formed between at least two rotatable card outlet rolls (21, 21) is deposited on the upper run of a transverse conveyor band(31) which lies at least substantially beneath these card outlet rolls (21, 22), and which runs in the axial direction of these card outlet rolls (21, 22) between deflection rolls arranged adjacent to the axial ends of these card outlet rolls (21, 22) and guides the fibre web to the one axial end of these card outlet rolls (21, 22) where it is deflected downwardly by means of a guide device (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3; 54.5; 54.6; 54.7) which runs about an axis arranged transversely to the axis of the card outlet rolls and to the transverse conveyor, or about a plurality of such axes;
   characterised in that
   the card outlet rolls (21, 22) arranged above the transverse conveyor bandeach have a step-like narrowed portion (38) before the point of deflection of the transverse conveyor bandband (31) at their ends associated with the guide device (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3; 54.5; 54.6; 54.7; 81) in which the guide device (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3; 54.5; 54.6; 54.7; 81) is at least partially received; and in that a nip (58) or a nip zone is formed between the guide device and the deflection roller (25) of the transverse conveyor band (31) arranged adjacent to it and laterally of and at least predominantly above an imaginary plane extending parallel to the horizontal in which the axis of rotation (26) of this deflection roll (25) lies.
2. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide device is a roller (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3).
3. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the narrowest place in the nip (58) formed between the roller (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3) and the deflection roller (25) or the transverse conveyor band (31) running on the surface of the deflection roller (25) is disposed at an angle in the range between 20° and 80°, preferably between 30° and 60° and in particular at an angle of about 45°, the angle being measured in the clockwise direction starting from the 12 o'clock position (61) of the axis of rotation (26) of the deflection roller (25).
4. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide device (54) comprises a plurality of, but at least two, rollers (54.5, 54.6; 54.7) each rotatably arranged around a separate axis of rotation (57.5, 57.6, 57.7) and defining a nip with the associated deflection roller (25) or with the surface of the transverse conveyor band (31), the nips preferably being disposed over an angular range between 20° and 80°, and the angle being measured in the clockwise direction starting from the 12 o'clock position (61) of the axis of rotation of the deflection roller (25).
5. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the distances at the nips between the individual rollers (54.5, 54.6, 54.7) and the transverse conveyor band (31) are made increasingly smaller in the direction of motion (59) of the transverse conveyor band (31).
6. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to one of the claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the rollers (54.5, 54.6, 54.7) are driven at a surface speed which increases in the direction of motion (51) of the transverse conveyor band (31).
7. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide device is formed by a rotating belt (81) which forms an extended nip zone (90) with the surface of the transverse conveyor band (31) preferably a nip zone extending over an angle between at least 30° and 60°, the angle being measured in the clockwise direction starting from the 12 o'clock position (61) of the axis of rotation (26) of the deflection roller (25).
8. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rotating guide device (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3; 54.5; 54.6; 54.7; 81) has a surface speed which is at least as great as, and preferably greater than, the surface speed of the rotating transverse conveyor band (31).
9. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the nip (58) or the narrowest part of the nip zone (90) has a width in the range from 3 to 8 mm, preferably 4 to 6 mm and more particularly about 5 mm.
10. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the surface of the guide device (54, 81) is formed with grooves (63) extending in the direction of rotation thereof.
11. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the roller (54.1) has a number of peripheral grooves (63) disposed side by side.
12. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the roller is constructed as a sieve drum (54.2).
13. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the roller is constructed as a cage roller (54.3).
14. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection roller (25) disposed adjacent the guide device is driven by a belt or toothed-chain or chain drive and in that the belt drive is also used to drive the circulating movement of the guide device (54; 54.1; 54.2; 54.3; 54.5; 54.6; 54.7; 81).
15. Transverse conveyor arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transverse conveyor band (31), at least on its longitudinal side facing the main cylinder (11), is formed with a shoulder (32) disposed on the outer surface of the transverse conveyor band guiding the fibre web, and in that the transverse conveyor band (31), preferably has a second shoulder (35) formed on its longitudinal side remote from the main cylinder (11), which is likewise disposed on its outer surface conveying the fibre web.

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