EP0429822B1 - Four combiné à micro-ondes et a convection forcée - Google Patents

Four combiné à micro-ondes et a convection forcée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0429822B1
EP0429822B1 EP90119715A EP90119715A EP0429822B1 EP 0429822 B1 EP0429822 B1 EP 0429822B1 EP 90119715 A EP90119715 A EP 90119715A EP 90119715 A EP90119715 A EP 90119715A EP 0429822 B1 EP0429822 B1 EP 0429822B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooking chamber
microwave
oven
trumpets
cooking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90119715A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0429822A1 (fr
Inventor
Claudio Del Fabbro
Massimo Cappello
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrolux Zanussi Grandi Impianti SpA
Original Assignee
Zanussi Grandi Impianti SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zanussi Grandi Impianti SpA filed Critical Zanussi Grandi Impianti SpA
Publication of EP0429822A1 publication Critical patent/EP0429822A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0429822B1 publication Critical patent/EP0429822B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
    • H05B6/802—Apparatus for specific applications for heating fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6426—Aspects relating to the exterior of the microwave heating apparatus, e.g. metal casing, power cord
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/647—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques
    • H05B6/6473—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques combined with convection heating

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a microwave and forced convection or steam oven with gas or electric heating of the food disposed in the cooking chamber of the oven.
  • Forced convection ovens with gas or electric indirect heating of the food are also well-known, these ovens consisting essentially of at least one heat exchanger housed, together with a fan for the hot air flow, in a further oven chamber, separate from the cooking chamber, but in communication with it, said heat exchanger being composed - in the case of a gas oven - of a group of tubular conduits conveying the combustion gas and connected with both the combustion chamber and an exhaust outlet and - in the case of an electric oven - of a plurality of electric heating elements.
  • These ovens due to their well-known characteristic of temperature uniformity within the cooking chamber, are particularly suited for cooking food contained in pans, chiefly metal pans, arranged one atop the other on different levels throughout the height of the cooking chamber.
  • Combined microwave and thermal ovens which cook the food contained in a plurality of pans arranged one atop the other inside the cooking chamber of the oven are also well-known (e.g. as claimed in the European patent No. 0068161, priority 20-6-1981).
  • the magnetrons are mounted above the cooking chamber and the microwaves are directed toward the latter by one or more waveguides vertically disposed on the cooking chamber side walls thus catercorner irradiating the pans through a plurality of spaced microwave slots.
  • a remarkable unevenness is created in the propagation of the waves owing to both an asymmetry of the waveguides with respect to the pans and the fact that the intensity of the radiation field has a decreasing pattern starting from the highest slot toward the bottom ones.
  • microwave ovens are known to employ pairs of magnetrons which are arranged symmetrically outside the side walls of the cooking chamber and propagate microwaves through waveguides that flow into said cooking chamber only with an aperture whose cross-section area is limited by their own size (such as for instance in US patent specification no. 4,835,351 priority Oct. 10, 1985).
  • Patent US 4,140,888 discloses a magnetron only that supplies microwave energy to the chamber from both side walls through a waveguide that is separated in two branches which are reaching the two side walls of the cooking chamber from the top.
  • an oven capable of contemporaneously carrying out cooking programmes both in the thermal and microwave modes, utilizing a plurality of pans, also metal pans, set one atop the other throughout a significant height of the cooking chamber thus taking up the entire volume of said cooking chamber, and capable of ensuring a remarkable radiation uniformity on different planes as well as on different zones of the same plane so as to attain all of the aforesaid advantages that this type of cooking implies.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 showing a forced convection and microwave cooking oven utilized for community kitchens, it can be seen that it substantially consists of a metal casing 6 enclosing a cooking chamber 7 in which are housed some special shelves or pans 8 set one atop the other, on which the food to be cooked is placed, said shelves being inserted and removed in an advantageous way with respect to the side guides 9 of the cooking chamber 7, previous opening of the oven front door 10.
  • Said cooking chamber 7 is subdivided into a further inner chamber 11 by a partition wall 12 extending along the entire height and part of the width of the cooking chamber, the latter being in communication with said inner chamber 11 by means of some side openings 14 and a central opening 15a provided on the partition wall 12 for the hot air circulation, the inner chamber 11 being provided with a centrally disposed fan 15 driven by a coaxial electric motor 16 mounted externally against the rear wall 17 of the oven.
  • the fan 15 is laterally delimited by a group of tubular conduits 18 arranged close to its circumferencial edge, said tubular conduits 18 being properly bent so as to encircle said fan 15 and being connected with their upper and lower ends respectively with one or more discharging chimneys located on the upper part of the oven and with a not indicated combustion chamber placed in the lower part of the oven and housing at least a conventional gas burner.
  • An electric heating as an alternative to the gas heating can be achieved by arranging suitable resistors, preferably circular resistors, around the periphery of the fan 15.
  • the microwave heating is obtained by disposing externally and symmetrically to the cooking chamber 7 two magnetrons 22 and 23, said magnetrons being connected to said cooking chamber by two corresponding lateral and symmetric trumpets 24 and 25 which cover the respective magnetrons and have the triple aim of avoiding the escape of radiations to the exterior, of guiding the radiations toward the cooking chamber and of containing a special propagation mixing device 26, 27 well-known from the state of the art as a "stirrer".
  • said clearance practically becomes a new and smaller cooking chamber contained in the original cooking chamber, the former being de-limited up and down respectively by the bottom of the upper pan and the bottom of the lower pan.
  • the two magnetrons 22 and 23 are placed over but however externally to the side walls and in a central position with respect to said cooking chamber.
  • the radiations emitted by said magnetrons is guided by two downwardly oriented, symmetrical and vertically disposed waveguides 50 and 51, substantially extending down to the bottom 52 of the cooking chamber, the walls 53 and 54 being facing the inside of the cooking chamber constituting an integral part of the respective walls 55 and 56 of said cooking chamber, so that the walls 53 and 54 are part both of the walls of the respective waveguides and of the corresponding cooking chamber walls.
  • the just described oven is fit to attain the wanted result of performing a microwave cooking programme in a cooking chamber housing a plurality of pans set one atop the other. Nevertheless, it still remains the problem consisting in the fact that it is not possible to superpose the pans without carrying out some other modifications.
  • the pans are introduced into the cooking chamber 7 by fitting their borders onto horizontal metallic guides parallelly disposed at different heights on both side walls of said cooking chamber.
  • the forced convection takes place by drawing the air from a central opening provided on the rear wall of the cooking chamber and by blowing this air, after it has been heated, into said cooking chamber, through a plurality of slots 14 made on the side walls of said chamber, preferably on the entire height of said walls, said slots being obtained in the free space between the pan supporting guides 9 as shown in Fig. 6.
  • a heat resisting and microwave-transparent material as for instance ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether-etherketone, polysulfone or other material with similar characteristics can advantageously be used for producing said guides.
  • a further improvement of this invention is the following: it is known that the microwave ovens must comply with the safety requirements set forth in the existing specifications and in particular to those specifications related to the emission of microwave radiations.
  • said shaft extends backward outside the rear wall of the oven, as it is shown in Fig. 2, said shaft becomes, as far as the propagation is concerned, a transmitting antenna which propagates outside the oven, the radiation that it picked up inside the inner chamber 7, thus affecting the safety requirements.
  • a toroidal choke 31 consisting of a fixed cylindrical part 32 (welded to the cell itself) and a rotating part 33, the latter being integral with the rotating element, which can be made of metal.
  • the characteristic of said choke 31 is that its two component parts 32 and 33 resemble to two different sized small cups inversely inserted one into the other.
  • the hollow space 31 forms a labyrinth for the microwave propagation and if the depth of said labyrinth exceeds a quarter of the wave length, then, as it is well-known, said labyrinth will act as an effective obstruction to the microwave propagation.
  • the shaft 30 could act as a receiving antenna, the diameter of the fixed cylindrical part 32 should be smaller or equal to a quarter of the wavelength and its depth longer than said limits, as indicated in Fig. 8.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Four de cuisson combiné a micro-ondes et chauffage, en particulier du type utilisé dans les cuisines professionelles, comprenant
    - une enceinte de cuisson (7), sur les parois latérales de laquelle deux ou plusiers glissières (9) sont pourvues en tant que supports pour les récipients (8) contenant les aliments à cuire;
    - une porte (10) apte à ouvrir et fermer ladite enceinte de cuisson (7);
    - deux magnétrons (22, 23) en tant que générateurs de micro-ondes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - chacun desdits magnétrons (22, 23) est situé à l'extérieur de la paroi latérale respective de l'enceinte de cuisson (7), à la même hauteur et symétriquement par rapport à un plan central vertical de ladite enceinte de cuisson (7);
    - deux agitateurs (26, 27) commandés par moteur sont pourvus pour mélanger et distribuer les micro-ondes provenant des magnétrons respectifs (22, 23);
    - deux trompes de rayonnement des micro-ondes (24, 25) sont pourvues pour diriger lesdites micro-ondes des magnétrons respectifs (22, 23) jusqu'à l'intérieur de l'enceinte de cuisson (7);
    - chacune desdites trombes de rayonnement (24, 25) est fixée à sa respective paroi latérale, chaque trombe de rayonnement (24, 25) en question s'étendant tout au long de l'entière hauteur des parois latérales de ladite enceinte de cuisson (7), de façon telle que le champ de rayonnement des micro-ondes se propage horizontalement dans un plan essentiellement uniforme en se déplaçant de toute la hauteur des deux parois latérales vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte de cuisson (7).
  2. Four de cuisson combiné à micro-ondes et chauffage selon la revendication précedente, caractérisé en ce que chacun desdits agitateurs (26 et 27) est formé par un anneau ayant la forme d'un rhombe allongé de matériau réfléchissant, ainsi que par un élément diagonal reliant entre eux deux sommets opposés dudite rhombe, lesdits agitateurs se rejoignant avec l'arbre de rotation horizontal en correspondance de la zone centrale dudit élément diagonal.
  3. Four de cuisson combiné à micro-ondes et chauffage selon la revendication précedente, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur (A) desdites trombes de rayonnement est à peu près égale au double de leur largeur (L).
  4. Four de cuisson combiné à micro-ondes et chauffage selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les trombes de rayonnement (24 et 25) ont la forme de récipients s'ouvrant vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte de cuisson (7), les coins supérieur et inférieur des trombes en question étant remplacés par des parois inclinées (24a, 25a et 24b, 25b) respectivement, qui sont disposées symétriquement par rapport à un plan horizontal passant à travers le centre desdites trombes de rayonnement. lesdites parois étant inclinées d'environ 45 degrés par rapport à la paroi supérieure (24c) et à la paroi extérieure (25c) desdites trombes de rayonnement.
  5. Four de cuisson combiné à micro-ondes et chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précedentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de glissières horizontales (9) sont disposées tout au long des parois latérales de ladite enceinte de cuisson (7), lesdites gliessères étant utilisées en tant que supports pour des récipients correspondants (8) contenant les aliments à cuire et étant fait d'un matériau transparent aux micro-ondes.
  6. Four de cuisson combiné à micro-ondes et chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précedentes, comprenant aussi une paroi de fond verticale (12) séparant l'enceinte de cuisson (7) d'une autre enceinte (11) ultérieurement pourvue, un ventilateur (15) situé à l'intérieur de cette enceinte ultérieure et utilisé pour la circulation de l'air chaud et de la vapeur entre ladite enceinte de cuisson et des moyens de chauffe (18) y pourvus, ainsi qu'un moteur (16) relié par un arbre de transmission (30) audit ventilateur (15), caractérisé en ce que l'accouplement mécanique entre ledit arbre (30) et le ventilateur (15) est réalisé en joignant ledit arbre (30) à une douille (35) solidaire du ventilateur (15), ladite douille étant pourvue d'un profil cylindrique (33) circonférentiel audit arbre et adapté sur le profil cylindrique fixe (32) qui est obtenu en conférant un profil approprié à la paroi arrière du four, ledit arbre étant positionné d'une façon telle que son extrémité (36) ne saille pas de la couronne (37) du profil cylindrique (32), lesdits profils cylindriques coaxiaux (32, 33) étant dimensionnés de façon telle que l'interstice cylindrique se formant entre lesdits profils est plus court qu'un quart d'onde des micro-ondes.
  7. Four de cuisson combiné à micro-ondes et chauffage selon la revendication précedente, caractérisé en ce que le profil cylindrique fixe (32) a un diamètre qui ne dépasse pas un quart de la longueur d'onde des micro-ondes, ainsi qu'une profondité qui n'est pas inférieur à ladite valeur.
EP90119715A 1989-11-29 1990-10-15 Four combiné à micro-ondes et a convection forcée Expired - Lifetime EP0429822B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT4579789 1989-11-29
IT04579789A IT1236295B (it) 1989-11-29 1989-11-29 Forno di cottura combinato a microonde e convenzione forzata

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429822A1 EP0429822A1 (fr) 1991-06-05
EP0429822B1 true EP0429822B1 (fr) 1994-07-20

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Family Applications (1)

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EP90119715A Expired - Lifetime EP0429822B1 (fr) 1989-11-29 1990-10-15 Four combiné à micro-ondes et a convection forcée

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EP (1) EP0429822B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE108973T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69010848T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2060886T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1236295B (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003061110A1 (fr) * 2001-12-27 2003-07-24 Melnichenko Andrei Anatolievic Procede de generation d'energie electrique sur ondes electromagnetiques et dispositif de mise en oeuvre correspondant (et variantes)
US7994962B1 (en) 2007-07-17 2011-08-09 Drosera Ltd. Apparatus and method for concentrating electromagnetic energy on a remotely-located object
US8006685B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2011-08-30 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Re-circulating oven with gas clean-up
EP1542511B2 (fr) † 2003-12-10 2011-09-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Méthode pour contrôler un dispositif de cuisson
US8035062B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2011-10-11 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Combination speed cooking oven
US8207479B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2012-06-26 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating according to an efficiency of energy transfer
US8389916B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-03-05 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8492686B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2013-07-23 Goji, Ltd. Device and method for heating using RF energy
US8653482B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-02-18 Goji Limited RF controlled freezing
US8658953B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2014-02-25 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Antenna cover for microwave ovens
US8839527B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-09-23 Goji Limited Drying apparatus and methods and accessories for use therewith
US8893705B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2014-11-25 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Speed cooking oven
US9131543B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2015-09-08 Goji Limited Dynamic impedance matching in RF resonator cavity
US9215756B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2015-12-15 Goji Limited Device and method for controlling energy
US11849527B2 (en) 2021-02-15 2023-12-19 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Oven appliance with improved convection cooking performance

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RU2141746C1 (ru) * 1998-08-26 1999-11-20 Бродский Юрий Яковлевич Микроволновая печь
ATE352180T1 (de) * 1999-04-19 2007-02-15 Enersyst Dev Ct L L C Konvektions- und mikrowellenofen mit mehreren einschüben
US7087872B1 (en) 1999-04-19 2006-08-08 Enersyst Development Center, L.L.C. Multi-shelved convection microwave oven
US9351495B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2016-05-31 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Air fryer
US7946224B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2011-05-24 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Griddle
US7886658B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2011-02-15 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Speed cooking oven with improved radiant mode
US8011293B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2011-09-06 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Speed cooking oven with sloped oven floor and reversing gas flow
CA2543060C (fr) * 2003-10-21 2011-05-03 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Four de cuisson rapide a antenne hyperfrequences fendue
DE102004059900B3 (de) * 2004-12-13 2006-08-03 Topinox Sarl Gargerät mit Mikrowellenerzeugungseinrichtung
AU2006223084A1 (en) * 2005-03-14 2006-09-21 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Air fryer
US10674570B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2020-06-02 Goji Limited System and method for applying electromagnetic energy
WO2008112606A2 (fr) 2007-03-10 2008-09-18 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Four à convoyeur compact
EP2187704B1 (fr) 2008-11-17 2012-06-06 Topinox Sarl Appareil de cuisson et procédé de rayonnement de micro-ondes dans la chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson
JP6012107B2 (ja) 2010-05-03 2016-10-25 ゴジ リミテッド 空間的に制御されたエネルギ送出
US10098375B2 (en) 2014-03-03 2018-10-16 Laitram, L.L.C. Forced-convection, steam-heating of nuts with preheating
DE102014106029A1 (de) * 2014-04-29 2015-10-29 Topinox Sarl. Mikrowellengargerät mit Abtrennelement
DE102014106031A1 (de) * 2014-04-29 2015-10-29 Topinox Sarl Verfahren zur Unterteilung eines Garraumes und Gargerät
CN110167363B (zh) * 2017-01-10 2022-06-03 莱特拉姆有限责任公司 通过预加热对坚果进行强制对流的蒸汽加热
CN107397452A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2017-11-28 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 烹饪器具
CN107490030A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2017-12-19 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 烹饪器具
DE102017127172A1 (de) 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Fricke Und Mallah Microwave Technology Gmbh Erhitzungshomogener Kombigarofen
CN111182669A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-19 法拉什·哈桑·侯赛因·阿卜杜拉 具有双烹调室的工业微波燃气炉具

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003061110A1 (fr) * 2001-12-27 2003-07-24 Melnichenko Andrei Anatolievic Procede de generation d'energie electrique sur ondes electromagnetiques et dispositif de mise en oeuvre correspondant (et variantes)
US8893705B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2014-11-25 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Speed cooking oven
US8006685B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2011-08-30 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Re-circulating oven with gas clean-up
US8658953B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2014-02-25 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Antenna cover for microwave ovens
US8035062B2 (en) 2003-07-07 2011-10-11 Turbochef Technologies, Inc. Combination speed cooking oven
EP1542511B2 (fr) † 2003-12-10 2011-09-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Méthode pour contrôler un dispositif de cuisson
US8759729B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-06-24 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating according to an efficiency of energy transfer
US8941040B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-01-27 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8653482B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-02-18 Goji Limited RF controlled freezing
US11523474B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2022-12-06 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8207479B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2012-06-26 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating according to an efficiency of energy transfer
US8839527B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-09-23 Goji Limited Drying apparatus and methods and accessories for use therewith
US9167633B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-10-20 Goji Limited Food preparation
US9078298B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-07-07 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US9040883B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-05-26 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8389916B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-03-05 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US7994962B1 (en) 2007-07-17 2011-08-09 Drosera Ltd. Apparatus and method for concentrating electromagnetic energy on a remotely-located object
US9131543B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2015-09-08 Goji Limited Dynamic impedance matching in RF resonator cavity
US8492686B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2013-07-23 Goji, Ltd. Device and method for heating using RF energy
US9374852B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2016-06-21 Goji Limited Device and method for heating using RF energy
US9215756B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2015-12-15 Goji Limited Device and method for controlling energy
US11849527B2 (en) 2021-02-15 2023-12-19 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Oven appliance with improved convection cooking performance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE108973T1 (de) 1994-08-15
IT1236295B (it) 1993-02-02
DE69010848T2 (de) 1995-02-23
EP0429822A1 (fr) 1991-06-05
DE69010848D1 (de) 1994-08-25
ES2060886T3 (es) 1994-12-01
IT8945797A0 (it) 1989-11-29

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