EP2187704B1 - Appareil de cuisson et procédé de rayonnement de micro-ondes dans la chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson - Google Patents

Appareil de cuisson et procédé de rayonnement de micro-ondes dans la chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2187704B1
EP2187704B1 EP20080291071 EP08291071A EP2187704B1 EP 2187704 B1 EP2187704 B1 EP 2187704B1 EP 20080291071 EP20080291071 EP 20080291071 EP 08291071 A EP08291071 A EP 08291071A EP 2187704 B1 EP2187704 B1 EP 2187704B1
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Prior art keywords
cooking
microwaves
interior space
chamber
cooking chamber
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2187704A1 (fr
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Topinox SARL
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Topinox SARL
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/642—Cooling of the microwave components and related air circulation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/70—Feed lines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooking appliance according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for emitting microwaves in an interior of a cooking appliance.
  • the US 5,237,141 discloses a high frequency heating apparatus comprising means for generating microwave energy for heating food in a chamber.
  • the microwave generating means comprise a microwave emitter located on one of the side inner walls of the chamber without further details being described.
  • the US 4,866,233 discloses an apparatus for heating, in particular sterilizing, hermetically sealed packages of objects.
  • the device is with a workspace which is limited by a metallic bottom plate and by a dome-shaped sheath part which can be placed airtight on the ground. Trained as a window radiation inlet openings are arranged in the bottom plate. Hollow waveguides of two microwave radiators are connected to these windows.
  • the EP 0 429 822 A1 discloses a generic cooking appliance, which has a metallic enclosure for limiting a cooking chamber and a microwave source with two magnetrons.
  • the cooking chamber is subdivided into a further interior space by a dividing wall which extends over the entire height and a part of the width of the cooking space.
  • the microwave heating is achieved in that symmetrically two magnetrons are arranged on the outside of the cooking chamber, wherein the magnetrons are connected to the cooking chamber by means of two identical, arranged on the side and symmetrical funnel-shaped structures, wherein the structures cover not only the respective magnetron, but
  • a disadvantage of the known cooking appliance is the fact that the funnel-shaped structures and the mode mixing device should be adapted to the respective magnetron so that no losses occur when guiding the microwaves into the cooking space. Reflections that could lead to overheating of the magnetron must also be avoided in a complex manner.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the generic cooking appliance and method such that the disadvantages of the prior art are at least partially overcome.
  • direct radiation or microwaves radiated along a direct path means that microwave radiation is allowed to pass from a microwave source into the cooking chamber of a cooking appliance without reflections or even waveform changes.
  • a gate forms the entrance to the interior having the cooking chamber and comprises at least one opening in the lining of the interior.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that in that a coupling-out element microwaves directly from a structure in the microwaves from a microwave source amplified - as by interaction between an electron beam and a microwave signal to be amplified - decoupled, so that they pass through a gate into the interior of a cooking appliance, which includes at least the cooking chamber, the usual necessary for the protection of the microwave source parts, such as waveguides and circulators , omitted. Another effect of this arrangement is that it is relatively compact.
  • the coupling-out element comprises at least one antenna part projecting from the wall
  • the sealing towards the interior is simpler than would be the case with a waveguide.
  • the radiation characteristic is then favorable because the microwaves are radiated in the direction of all of the inner wall adjacent inner walls or inner wall sections.
  • the door comprises a hood of dielectric material separating the decoupling element from the atmosphere in the interior
  • the hood transmits the microwaves into the interior, but thermally isolates the microwave source from the interior.
  • this insulation is advantageous because in such cooking appliances a high temperature prevails.
  • Another effect is that also an additional insulation against liquid is made.
  • the hood is attached to the wall, at the same time the space in which the microwave source is located, sealed against the interior of the cooking appliance. Otherwise, an additional seal would be required in the area of the microwave source, if in fact the space in which the microwave source is located should be sealed off from the interior.
  • a flange connection makes it possible to make the inner wall of a metallic material.
  • a flange connection also compensates for the effects of different thermal expansion coefficients of the hood and the wall. If the attachment to the wall at least one sealing element, gases can not easily escape from the oven.
  • the hood is made of glass, in particular tempered borosilicate or quartz glass, it has a low dielectric constant and a relatively high thermal resistance.
  • the hood can also be made of high-purity oxides such as Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 .
  • the Strömungsleitglied with at least one, in particular central, opening for sucking atmosphere from the cooking chamber is provided in the pressure chamber and the flow guide between the pressure chamber and the cooking chamber, in particular at its edge region, at least one, in particular slit-shaped, air-permeable compound leaves free, form the pressure chamber and the cooking chamber two coupled resonators for the microwaves. It is therefore irrelevant in which of the two rooms the microwaves are first radiated.
  • the circulation of the atmosphere in the interior via the fan wheel ensures a mixture of modes and equalization of the microwave energy.
  • a steam injection device may be provided which injects steam into the flow, or an electric heater or gas-powered heater may be provided for heating the pumped medium.
  • an electric heater or gas-powered heater may be provided for heating the pumped medium.
  • each milk microwave source is provided on an outer side of the interior, in particular on the outer side of a side wall of a pressure chamber arranged next to the cooking chamber, the fan wheel will usually reflect microwaves, so that a better mixture of modes is achieved without additional measures.
  • an additional function is provided in an efficient manner, since the fan wheel already exists in combination cooking appliances anyway.
  • the arrangement of the microwave source on an outside of a side wall of the interior is advantageous because the fact that no microwave source is present on the ceiling of the interior, the size is minimized. This in turn is desirable so that two cooking devices can be stacked without affecting operability.
  • an arrangement on a side wall has the advantage that the requirements in terms of the seal is not that high.
  • the arrangement on a wall portion which is at an angle to a projected by a drive shaft of the fan side wall, has the effect that the microwaves are radiated adjacent to the fan. So you are not shielded by the fan. However, it is still a radiation in the direction of the fan present, which is for the turbulence, so the homogenization of the microwave distribution, an advantage.
  • microwave sources are arranged at different heights in the cooking appliance and have a respective rated power of 2000 watts HF or less, the power required in consideration of the cooking chamber size can be achieved via commercially available microwave sources.
  • the cooking appliance comprises a further device for the treatment (treatment device) of food in the cooking chamber
  • the food can be treated in the same cooking appliance in several ways. This increases the efficiency because the food does not have to be constantly removed from the cooking appliance. It also increases the quality, as a precise cooking is possible.
  • One effect of a sensing device that is operatively associated with each microwave source, the further treatment device, the display device, the operating device and / or the control or regulating device is that food can be subjected to a complex combination treatment without intervention by a user.
  • a plurality of treatment levels in the cooking space is determined via a food support device and a number of microwave sources is provided according to the dimensioning of the cooking space and / or the number of treatment levels
  • commercially available microwave sources for example magnetrons, can be used.
  • the required overall performance is achieved by providing a sufficient number of microwave sources.
  • An example in the Figures 1 and 2 illustrated cooking appliance 1 comprises an interior defined by a rear wall 2, a ceiling 3, a bottom surface 4, a first side wall 5, a front wall 6, a second side wall 7 and a side wall portion 8, the rear wall 2 and the front wall 6 also referred to as side walls can be.
  • the interior is at least partially divided by a flow baffle 9 in a cooking chamber 10 and a pressure chamber 11.
  • a flow baffle 9 in a cooking chamber 10 and a pressure chamber 11.
  • the front wall 6 is a door not shown for loading the cooking chamber 10 with food (not shown) and for removing the same.
  • a frame 12 with a plurality of rails 13a-f for insertion of food supports (not shown), on which the food is placed, provided.
  • a radial fan 14 which is driven by a motor 16 via a shaft 15.
  • the radial fan 14 sucks atmosphere (steam, vapor, air etc.) from the cooking chamber 10 through an opening located in the center of the Strömungsleitblechs 9 17 and blows it off radially.
  • atmosphere steam, vapor, air etc.
  • the atmosphere is due to this pressure difference through slots 18 between the edge of Strömungsleitblechs 9 and at least one of the rear wall 2, front wall 6, ceiling 3 and bottom surface 4 again led into the cooking chamber 10 ,
  • slots 18 it is also possible to provide openings in the flow guide plate 9 in the edge area of the flow guide plate 9.
  • the illustrated cooking appliance 1 comprises a microwave heating and another, not shown, means for the treatment of food in the cooking chamber 10, such as a ventilation device, an electric heater, a gas-powered heater, a heat exchange device, a cooling device, a moisture supply device and / or a mecanicsabloom surprise.
  • a moisture removal device is preferably located in a bottom region 19.
  • a moisture supply device may include a steam injector that injects steam into the flow.
  • each treatment device At least the regulation or control and the electrical connections of each treatment device are located, as well as the motor 16, in an installation space 20 adjacent to the pressure space 11.
  • the installation space 20 is directly via a door (not shown) in an outer side wall 21 accessible from outside the cooking appliance 1 to facilitate maintenance and installation.
  • Microwaves are generated in magnetrons 22, 23 of the microwave heating.
  • the microwaves generated in the magnetrons 22, 23 are guided to a respective gate 24, 25 in order to be radiated on a direct path into the pressure chamber 11.
  • the pressure chamber 11 and the cooking chamber 10 form coupled, substantially cuboid resonators for the radiated microwaves. For this reason, finds a uniform microwave energy distribution in the cooking chamber 10 instead.
  • the coupling takes place essentially via the slots 18, which are also provided for circulating the cooking chamber atmosphere.
  • openings (not shown) for microwave-permeable openings may be provided in the flow guide plate 9. In order to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure chamber 11 and the cooking chamber 10, these openings are not permeable to air, but filled with dielectric material, for example, quartz glass, borosilicate glass or ceramic.
  • the radial fan 14 is at least partially made of a material that reflects microwaves.
  • the gates 24,25 are located in the side wall portion 8, which adjacent to the second side wall 7 through which the drive shaft 15 of the radial fan 14 projects, is arranged.
  • the radial fan 14 extends in the radial direction at most to the transition from the side wall 7 to the side wall portion 8, so that the gates 24,25 are not shielded by the fan 14.
  • rod or slot antennas are provided for the radiation in the pressure chamber 11 rod or slot antennas are provided.
  • the radiation characteristic is such that at least one emission takes place parallel to the side wall part 8.
  • the microwaves thus radiated therefore also reach the radial fan 14 and are swirled by it.
  • the side wall portion 8 is at an angle to the side wall 7. Due to this arrangement, the microwaves are already partly reflected into the cooking chamber 10 via the rear wall 2.
  • a further homogenization of the microwave energy distribution is achieved in that the gates 24,25 are provided at different heights in the interior of the cooking appliance 1.
  • the cooking appliance 1 is designed for large kitchen use, commercially available magnetrons 22, 23, which are designed for use in household microwave appliances, are used for cost reasons. These usually have a nominal power of about 2000 watts of HF.
  • the number of magnetrons 22,23 depends on the number of rails 13a-f in the frame 12, that is on the number and dimensions of the accommodatable food supports.
  • the first magnetron 22 includes a housing 26 from which an antenna stub 27 protrudes.
  • the antenna stub 27 also includes a protective cap 28.
  • the magnetron 22 includes a cathode 29 which is heated during operation.
  • the cathode 29 is surrounded by an anode 30 with projecting, circumferentially arranged wings 31.
  • the magnetron also contains a magnet stack 32.
  • the electrons emitted by the cathode 29 are guided around the cathode 29 under the influence of the electric and magnetic fields. The reaction of the fields on the incident on the anode 30 electrons creates an oscillation.
  • An inner conductor 33 of the antenna couples the generated microwaves out of the oscillator device and radiates them into the pressure chamber 11.
  • the microwaves generated in the magnetron 22 are thus emitted directly into the pressure chamber 11 without the interposition of a waveguide.
  • some magnetrons instead of the inner conductor 33 may comprise a waveguide for coupling out the microwaves.
  • a cooking appliance 1 for the commercial kitchen use differs from a household microwave.
  • the moisture in the cooking chamber 10 and in the pressure chamber 11 can be high and the temperature there can reach values of approximately 400 ° C.
  • the magnetrons 22,23 should be protected from this atmosphere.
  • a cover in the form of a hood 34 is used for such a protection.
  • the hood 34 is made of a dielectric material which is permeable to microwaves. The material also has a low thermal conductivity.
  • a hood 34 made of ceramic can be used. Due to the low dielectric constant, glass, for example quartz or borosilicate glass (Pyrex), is also suitable as a manufacturing material.
  • the hood 34 surrounds the protruding through the side wall portion 8 antenna stub 27 of the magnetron. To increase the thermal insulation is a gap 35 between the inside of the hood 34 and the antenna strut 37. The gap 35 is in particular filled with air.
  • the hood 34 is fastened in the illustrated embodiment via a flange 36 to the side wall part 8.
  • the hood 34 fulfills the dual function of the gas-tight sealing of the installation space 20 with respect to the interior atmosphere as well as the thermal insulation of the magnetron antenna stub 27.
  • the flange also comprises two flat gaskets 37,38, a stainless steel rotary member 39 and screws 40,41 for fixing the stainless steel rotary member 39 at the cooking chamber side of the side wall part. 8
  • the direct magnetron coupling has the advantage that the usual in professional Mikrowellengarellan fashion mixer boxes and paddle wheels outside the cooking appliance interior omitted. This also applies to the necessary for the protection of the magnetron from mismatch waveguides, circulators and directional couplers, which are commonly used. Thus, both costs and space in the installation space 20 are saved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Appareil de cuisson (1) comprenant
    une chambre interne (10, 11), qui présente au moins une chambre de cuisson (10), un dispositif de support d'article à cuire (12, 13a-13f) définissant une pluralité de niveaux de traitement dans la chambre de cuisson (10) étant prévu et
    au moins une source de microondes (22, 23), qui comprend un dispositif oscillateur pour générer des microondes et au moins un élément de dissociation (27, 33) pour dissocier les microondes générées dans le dispositif oscillateur directement à partir d'une structure de source de microondes pour l'amplification de microondes, caractérisé en ce que
    le nombre des sources de microondes (22, 23) dépend des dimensions de la chambre de cuisson (10) et du nombre des niveaux de traitement, et
    chaque élément de dissociation (27, 33) guide les microondes à dissocier vers une porte (24, 25) dans une paroi ou une partie de paroi (8) de la chambre interne (10, 11) et
    diffuse les microondes provenant de la porte (24, 25) directement dans la chambre interne (10, 11).
  2. Appareil de cuisson selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de dissociation (27, 33) comprend au moins une partie d'antenne (27) dépassant de la paroi ou de la partie de paroi (8).
  3. Appareil de cuisson selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la porte (24, 25) comprend un capot (34) à base de matériau diélectrique, qui sépare l'élément de dissociation (27, 33) de l'atmosphère dans la chambre interne (10, 11), en particulier le capot (34) étant fixé sur la paroi ou la partie de paroi (8), au moyen d'au moins une liaison par bride, et/ou en utilisant au moins un élément d'étanchéité (37, 38).
  4. Appareil de cuisson selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le capot (34) est fabriqué à base de verre, en particulier du verre au borosilicate ou de verre au quartz mis à température, et/ou comprend en céramique, en particulier du Al2O3 ou du ZrO2.
  5. Appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre interne (10, 11) est divisée au moyen d'au moins un élément de guidage d'écoulement au moins partiellement en chambre de cuisson (10) et chambre de pression (11), une roue de ventilateur (14) et l'élément de dissociation (27, 33) étant disposés dans la chambre de pression (11),
    l'élément de dissociation (27, 33) guidant les microondes à dissocier vers la porte (24, 25) dans la partie de paroi (8), qui présente en particulier une inclinaison vers les parois (7) voisines de celle-ci, en particulier des parois latérales (2, 7) de la chambre interne (10, 11), est mobile et/ou est orienté vers un point de la chambre interne (10, 11), en particulier le centre de la chambre de cuisson (10),
    l'élément de guidage d'écoulement (9) étant doté d'au moins une ouverture (17), en particulier centrale, pour aspirer de l'atmosphère hors de la chambre de cuisson (10) dans la chambre de pression (11), et
    l'élément de guidage d'écoulement (9) laissant libre au moins une liaison (18) perméable à l'air entre la chambre de pression (11) et la chambre de cuisson (10), en particulier sur sa zone périphérique et dans son centre.
  6. Appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque source de microondes (22, 23) est prévue sur un côté extérieur de la chambre interne (10, 11), en particulier sur le côté extérieur d'une paroi latérale (7, 8) d'une chambre de pression (11) disposée à côté de la chambre de cuisson et/ou dans une chambre d'installation (20), qui contient en supplément des moyens d'entraînement (16) pour une roue de ventilateur (14) se trouvant dans la chambre de pression (11), sachant qu'en particulier au moins l'une des portes (24, 25) est prévue dans une partie de paroi (8) qui forme un angle par rapport à une paroi latérale (7) traversée par un arbre d'entraînement (15) de la roue de ventilateur (14), de préférence une première porte (24) étant disposée au-dessus de la roue de ventilateur (14) et une seconde porte (25) au-dessous de la roue de ventilateur (14).
  7. Appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une pluralité de sources de microondes (22, 23), qui sont disposées à différentes hauteurs dans l'appareil de cuisson (1) et/ou présentent chacune une puissance nominale de 2000 Watt HF ou moins.
  8. Appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par au moins un autre appareil pour traiter l'article à cuire dans la chambre de cuisson (10), en particulier au moins un appareil provenant du groupe comprenant les éléments suivants :
    un dispositif de chauffage électrique,
    un dispositif de chauffage fonctionnant au gaz,
    un dispositif d'échange de chaleur,
    un dispositif de refroidissement,
    un dispositif d'arrivée d'humidité,
    un dispositif d'évacuation d'humidité,
    un dispositif de ventilation et
    un dispositif de purge.
  9. Appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les parois (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) de la chambre interne (10, 11), un élément de guidage d'écoulement (9), par lequel la chambre interne est divisée au moins partiellement en chambre de cuisson (10) et chambre de pression (11), et/ou un dispositif support d'article à cuire (12, 13a-13f) prévu dans la chambre de cuisson (10) réfléchissent au moins en partie des microondes.
  10. Appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par au moins un dispositif de détection, un dispositif d'affichage, un dispositif d'utilisation et un dispositif de commande ou de réglage, le dispositif de détection étant en liaison active en particulier avec chaque source de microondes (22, 23), un autre dispositif de traitement, le dispositif d'affichage, le dispositif d'utilisation et/ou le dispositif de commande ou de réglage.
  11. Procédé pour diffuser des microondes dans une chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant une mise à disposition d'au moins une source de microondes, qui comprend un dispositif oscillateur pour générer des microondes et au moins un élément de dissociation pour dissocier les microondes générées dans le dispositif oscillateur directement à partir d'une structure de source de microondes dans laquelle des microondes sont amplifiées, caractérisé par
    une diffusion des microondes par l'élément de dissociation le long d'un chemin direct dans la chambre interne.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé
    En ce qu'une pluralité de niveaux de traitement est définie dans la chambre de cuisson par le biais d'un dispositif de support d'article à cuire, et
    un nombre de sources de microondes, dépendant des dimensions d'aération de la chambre de cuisson et/ou du nombre des niveaux de traitement, est mis à disposition.
EP20080291071 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 Appareil de cuisson et procédé de rayonnement de micro-ondes dans la chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson Active EP2187704B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20080291071 EP2187704B1 (fr) 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 Appareil de cuisson et procédé de rayonnement de micro-ondes dans la chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20080291071 EP2187704B1 (fr) 2008-11-17 2008-11-17 Appareil de cuisson et procédé de rayonnement de micro-ondes dans la chambre interne d'un appareil de cuisson

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EP2187704A1 EP2187704A1 (fr) 2010-05-19
EP2187704B1 true EP2187704B1 (fr) 2012-06-06

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017127172A1 (de) 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Fricke Und Mallah Microwave Technology Gmbh Erhitzungshomogener Kombigarofen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3532847A (en) * 1965-06-05 1970-10-06 Herbert August Puschner Device for heating non-metallic material
EP0136453B2 (fr) * 1983-08-10 1992-08-26 Snowdrift Corp. N.V. Procédé et dispositif pour chauffer des objets au moyen de micro-ondes
IT1236295B (it) 1989-11-29 1993-02-02 Zanussi Grandi Impianti Spa Forno di cottura combinato a microonde e convenzione forzata
US5237141A (en) 1990-07-17 1993-08-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. High frequency heating apparatus and electromagnetic wave detector for use in high frequency heating apparatus

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