EP0418707B1 - Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0418707B1
EP0418707B1 EP90117480A EP90117480A EP0418707B1 EP 0418707 B1 EP0418707 B1 EP 0418707B1 EP 90117480 A EP90117480 A EP 90117480A EP 90117480 A EP90117480 A EP 90117480A EP 0418707 B1 EP0418707 B1 EP 0418707B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotation
bar
tools
comminuting apparatus
rotary body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90117480A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0418707A1 (de
Inventor
Manfred Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH filed Critical Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH
Priority to AT90117480T priority Critical patent/ATE98909T1/de
Publication of EP0418707A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418707A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0418707B1 publication Critical patent/EP0418707B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shredding device of the type specified in the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a crushing device known from GB-A-88 52 66, in particular a granulating device for plastic web material
  • two types of crushing tools are removably fastened in the rotating body in pockets, which work together with the strip attached to the end of the support surface.
  • the tools are distributed spirally, ie axially and offset from each other in the direction of rotation.
  • Each tool has a cuboid shape and is arranged in the circumferential direction and perpendicular to the radius on the axis of rotation of the rotating body, so that its transverse cutting edge provided on a shorter square side and formed with a free surface protrudes beyond the surface line of the rotating body.
  • a plurality of parallel rotating bodies equipped with shredding tools are provided, the tools of which are spaced axially to such an extent that despite overlapping the orbits of the tools of adjacent rotating bodies, the tools pass each other.
  • the tools form a multi-interrupted blow bar in the direction of rotation of each rotating body.
  • Each tool carries a cutting insert with a cutting edge with an undercut free surface, the cutting insert being inclined in the circumferential direction.
  • impact hammers which can be pivoted to a limited extent are mounted on the rotating body and work together with a toothed counter bar.
  • the hammers form an impact bar that is interrupted several times in the axial direction.
  • clapper-like beaters are arranged on the rotating body so as to be freely pivotable about axes of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • An inlet shaft runs approximately tangentially to the rotating body from top to bottom. Due to the rotatability of the racket, only a few rackets can be attached to the rotating body. Since the rackets must not touch the housing chamber wall, there is a relatively wide passage from the inlet shaft to the outlet opening.
  • the shredding device not only has a limited work capacity, but cannot completely shred stumps of tough or damp wood, so that they may emerge as a crimped but coherent strand, which is undesirable for composting.
  • the comminution device can be an add-on part which can be pulled to the work site by a tractor vehicle and which is driven either via the PTO shaft or by means of its own drive (electric motor, internal combustion engine or hydraulic motor).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a shredding device of the type mentioned, with which an optimally homogeneous composting mixture of tree trunks or tree components can be produced without disruptive larger solid parts with high work output.
  • the bar withstands high working pressures without problems.
  • the embodiment according to claim 4 is structurally simple and very powerful.
  • the block-shaped tools are easy to manufacture and easy to assemble. In this training, the logs and trunk components are not only broken up into small pieces, but effectively squeezed and unraveled during or before shearing, which is important for composting.
  • the individual blocks support each other at work, i.e. each block already processes an area of the trunk or other tree components during its passage, which the subsequent and overlapping block processes again at least in part.
  • the embodiment according to claim 7 creates a subordinate processing point for the tools, so that already chipped and fibrous material is processed again, so that the end product is finer and more homogeneous and accelerates putrefaction bacteria, which leads to an even better preparation of the mulch mass.
  • the embodiment according to claim 8 is advantageous. It is sometimes desirable to process sand or small pieces of bark, branches, twigs or leaves in addition to larger tree components. These substances are also favorable for composting. For these substances can the additional upper inlet shaft can be used, while larger trunks or tree components are introduced on the supporting surface. The result is an intensive mixture between the materials fed in from above and the parts introduced and machined on the support surface.
  • a device V according to Figure 1 is used to shred tree trunks up to a maximum of 15 cm in diameter and other tree components such as root pieces, branches, twigs with leaves or needles.
  • the material created by the shredding is mainly used for composting.
  • sand or other additives which can be done directly in the device V, mulch material can also be produced.
  • the device V is either a standing device or a driving device which can be moved to the respective place of use by means of a towing vehicle, for which purpose it is provided with a substructure (not shown).
  • An electric motor, internal combustion engine or hydraulic motor can be used as the drive.
  • the drive is expediently carried out by connecting a PTO shaft of an associated towing vehicle.
  • the device V has a housing G in which a housing chamber 1 with a round cross section is formed for a rotating body 2 with a horizontal axis of rotation 3.
  • the rotating body 2 is located in the conveying path from an inlet E 1 to an outlet opening Z.
  • an inlet duct 4 leads approximately horizontally to the housing chamber 1.
  • An additional inlet E 2 is provided on the top of the housing G.
  • From this an inlet shaft 5 also leads to Housing chamber 1.
  • the bottom of the inlet shaft 4 is designated 6. It runs approximately horizontally and forms a horizontal support surface S near the housing chamber 1, which can consist of a reinforced plate 12.
  • a driven conveyor roller pair F Bus a lower conveyor roller 8 and an upper conveyor roller 9 is provided in a recess 7 of the bottom 6 .
  • the conveyor rollers 8, 9 have a corrugated structure.
  • the upper conveyor roller 9 can be raised against spring load 11 in order to allow logs or bulky tree components to pass through.
  • the support surface S ends at a counter edge 15 which, in the embodiment shown, is formed on a strip 13 attached to the end 12 of the plate 12 of the support surface 5.
  • the rotating body 2 which is designed in the manner of a cage, has a cylindrical shape. Its jacket P is defined by a generating jacket line M when the rotating body 2 rotates about its axis of rotation 3.
  • spacing tools W are fixed in the circumferential direction, in parallel rows R, so that they protrude beyond the jacket P to the outside.
  • an axial gap X is provided between two tools W adjacent in a row R.
  • the tools W are set to a gap, so that they form a continuous beater bar L (FIG. 2) when the rotating body 2 is rotated fully.
  • the opposite edge 15 lies at a distance from the jacket P of the rotating body 2, so that here a working gap A is limited, which the blow bar L passes through with a full rotation of the rotating body 2, whereby it cooperates with the opposite edge 15, for example, through the inlet shaft 4 successively unraveled or chipped the inserted trunk and the material thus formed is conveyed through an outlet shaft 14 leading to the outlet opening Z.
  • a further strip 13a with tooth-like recesses 19 is provided in the housing chamber 1 in front of the outlet shaft 14, on which the already at the first Ledge 13 shredded material over to be conveyed out of the outlet shaft 14.
  • the comminution tools W break the fiber material on this subordinate strip 13a, which here forms a counter edge 15b, into even finer mulch material, in which the processing bacteria start to accelerate.
  • FIG. 4 shows a large number of tools W on the jacket P of the rotating body 2, which are fastened to rods 18 which form the cage-like jacket P of the rotating body 2. It can also be seen from FIG. 4 that the additional inlet shaft 5 (indicated by dashed lines) not only targets the working gap between the tools W and the strip 13, but is also directed towards part of the jacket P of the rotating body 2.
  • each comminution tool W consists of a stepped, approximately cuboid block 15a, which has a foot part 16 on one side, expediently a threaded bolt, for fastening to the rotating body 2 and an approximately centrally projecting one on the opposite side Tooth 17 wears.
  • Each tooth 17 can also be designed as a cuboid block or as a projecting cylinder bolt.
  • Each stepped block 15a lies with its longer side parallel to the surface line M of the rotating body 2.
  • tooth-like recesses 19 are provided for the sliding of the teeth 17, which have a square shape.
  • the recesses 19 are set at a distance 20 corresponding to the teeth 17 lined up.
  • the width of the recesses 19 corresponds to the width of the teeth 17.
  • the recesses 19 are regularly distributed over the entire length of the last and generally correspond to the number of tools W.
  • the tools W form the continuous beater bar L. Between the blocks 15a of the tools W there is even an overlap Ü visible in the longitudinal direction of the working gap A.
  • the number of recesses 19 for the teeth 17 does not have to be necessarily match the number of teeth 17; rather, several teeth 17 can pass through the same recess 19.
  • each longitudinal region of the strip 13 or each recess 19 cooperates with a tool W at least once during one revolution of the rotating body 2.
  • the tools W act like several successive blow bars L that are continuous over the entire length.
  • the load on unraveling a tree trunk is distributed evenly over the rotating body 2.
  • the reaction forces that occur in each case are derived via the strip 13 onto the plate 12 and from this onto the housing G.
  • the stepped tools W knock notches 17 into the tree trunk to be fiberized, and the wide block 15a of the tool W chops off the remaining trunk part, so that the tree trunk can be advanced again to the rotating rotating body 2 and is thereby cut.
  • the stepped tool W with the wide block 15a and the attached tooth 17 offers a particularly fine and soft splitting or fraying of the wood to be processed, in which the bacteria are very quickly inserted and the mulched amount composted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
EP90117480A 1989-09-19 1990-09-11 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0418707B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90117480T ATE98909T1 (de) 1989-09-19 1990-09-11 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8911149U 1989-09-19
DE8911149U DE8911149U1 (de) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0418707A1 EP0418707A1 (de) 1991-03-27
EP0418707B1 true EP0418707B1 (de) 1993-12-22

Family

ID=6842978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90117480A Expired - Lifetime EP0418707B1 (de) 1989-09-19 1990-09-11 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0418707B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE98909T1 (da)
DE (2) DE8911149U1 (da)
ES (1) ES2047790T3 (da)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4218005A1 (de) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-02 Helmut Hagedorn Selbstfahrende Arbeitsgerätschaft
AUPP344298A0 (en) * 1998-05-12 1998-06-04 Enviro-Mulch Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for mulching waste

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL256879A (da) * 1959-10-16
US3580517A (en) * 1968-03-08 1971-05-25 Western Mfg Inc Apparatus for chipping scrap materials
US3822042A (en) * 1972-01-13 1974-07-02 R Roy Demolition apparatus
US4015782A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-04-05 Granite Bernard H Device for reducing polymers or the like to substantially uniform small size pieces
US4164329A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-08-14 Lee Heydenreich Chipper roller and knives therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8911149U1 (de) 1990-01-18
EP0418707A1 (de) 1991-03-27
ATE98909T1 (de) 1994-01-15
ES2047790T3 (es) 1994-03-01
DE59003957D1 (de) 1994-02-03

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