EP0418601B1 - Dispositif d'injection pour moteurs diesel - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection pour moteurs diesel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0418601B1
EP0418601B1 EP90116430A EP90116430A EP0418601B1 EP 0418601 B1 EP0418601 B1 EP 0418601B1 EP 90116430 A EP90116430 A EP 90116430A EP 90116430 A EP90116430 A EP 90116430A EP 0418601 B1 EP0418601 B1 EP 0418601B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
space
pressure
injection device
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90116430A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0418601A1 (fr
Inventor
Jaroslaw Dipl.-Ing. Hlousek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0418601A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418601A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0418601B1 publication Critical patent/EP0418601B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection device for diesel engines, in which the diesel fuel is fed from an injection pump via a constant pressure valve and via a first line to a space in front of the nozzle needle seat of the injection nozzle, and an additional liquid before the start of delivery of the injection pump via a second line under excess pressure to the space in front of the nozzle needle seat via a check valve opening in the direction of this space in predetermined amounts, whereupon the additional liquid and the diesel fuel are injected together under the pressure of the injection pump.
  • Such injection devices are known for example from EP-A - 282 819. According to this EP-A, the additional liquid, which is formed here by a second fuel, is conveyed into the space in front of the nozzle via a separate pump, the flow rate being determined by an electromagnetic valve.
  • the additional liquid is indeed also supplied to the space in front of the nozzle before the injection pump begins to deliver, but the pressure in the injection line from the injection pump to the nozzle must nevertheless be overcome, so that the pressure generated by the delivery pump must be relatively high. With such a pump delivering at high pressure, there is a risk of cavitation and erosion and such an arrangement is relatively expensive.
  • the metering of the additional liquid by the solenoid valve switched on in the supply line from the pump to the space in front of the nozzle is relatively imprecise and delayed, since the path from this solenoid valve to the space in front of the nozzle needle seat weight. Apart from the great effort for the feed pump, the metering from injection cycle to injection cycle is therefore inaccurate.
  • the invention aims to achieve an accurate dosage with simple means.
  • the invention consists essentially in that the second line is a flywheel (hammer pipe) or is connected to a flywheel, and that the flywheel is connected via a check valve opening towards the flywheel to the pressure source for the additional liquid and between the in Direction to the space in front of the nozzle needle seat opening check valve and a controllable shut-off valve, which connects the swing line with a return line in the open position and causes a pressure surge when closing by converting the kinetic energy of the flowing additional liquid into potential energy, opens into the line section.
  • the second line is a flywheel (hammer pipe) or is connected to a flywheel, and that the flywheel is connected via a check valve opening towards the flywheel to the pressure source for the additional liquid and between the in Direction to the space in front of the nozzle needle seat opening check valve and a controllable shut-off valve, which connects the swing line with a return line in the open position and causes a pressure surge when closing by converting the kinetic energy of the flowing additional liquid into potential energy, opens into the line section.
  • the feed pump only has to deliver the additional liquid up to a check valve opening in the direction of the flywheel line, and it is therefore not necessary to overcome the closing force of the check valve opening the passage to the nozzle chamber and the pressure prevailing in the injection line from the injection pump to the nozzle.
  • the required pressure of the feed pump is therefore relatively low. As long as the controllable kinetic shut-off valve is open, the additional liquid flows back into the tank with high flow energy.
  • the diesel fuel and the additional liquid are injected together during the following delivery stroke.
  • a pressure surge occurs in the flywheel line between this controllable shut-off valve and the check valve opening in the direction of the flywheel line, so that the time at which the pressure surge opens the check valve opening in the direction of the space in front of the nozzle needle seat and the additional liquid flows into this room, is precisely determined. Since, according to the invention, the amount of additional liquid supplied is determined by the closing time of the controllable shut-off valve, the metering of the additional liquid is also very precise. Above all, this allows the feed pump for the additional liquid to work at very low pressure, so that the risk of cavitation and erosion in this feed pump is largely eliminated.
  • the flywheel leads into a channel of the nozzle holder, the end facing the nozzle is closed by the check valve opening in the direction of the space in front of the nozzle needle seat, and the other end can be closed by the controllable shut-off valve.
  • the pressure surge that occurs in the flywheel line when the controllable final valve is terminated thus has an immediate effect in this channel.
  • the mouth of the flywheel into the channel is expediently arranged closer to the controllable shut-off valve than to the check valve, which improves the effect of the shut-off of the controllable valve.
  • the arrangement is expediently such that the flywheel line is connected via the check valve opening in the direction of the flywheel line to a pressure chamber, to which a feed pump delivering the additional liquid is connected, and which is connected to a return line via a pressure control valve.
  • the controllable shut-off valve is an electromagnetic valve controlled by a, preferably electronic, control unit.
  • the controllable shut-off valve is preferably controlled as a function of an operating variable of the diesel engine, in particular of the load and / or speed. In this way, since the pressure surge in the flywheel occurs suddenly and without delay, it is possible to change the amount of additional liquid supplied at short notice, even from injection cycle to injection cycle, as required.
  • the additional liquid can be an alternative fuel, for example an alcohol fuel, by means of which the ignition conditions of the diesel fuel are changed or improved. But it can also be the additional liquid water, which reduces the nitrogen oxide emissions of the engine.
  • 1 is an injection pump element, with 2 representing the pump piston and 3 the working space of the pump piston.
  • the diesel fuel is drawn in from a tank 4 via a feed pump 5 and a filter 6 and reaches the working space 3 in the usual way.
  • the working space 3 is connected to a bore 9 in the nozzle holder 10 via a constant pressure valve 7 and a line 8.
  • 11 is the injection nozzle and 12 is the seat of the nozzle needle 13. Via the bore 9, the diesel fuel reaches a space 14 in front of the nozzle needle seat 12.
  • a reservoir 15 is a reservoir for the make-up liquid.
  • the additional liquid is drawn from this container by a feed pump 16 and conveyed into a pressure chamber 17.
  • a return line 18 is connected to the container 15, in which a pressure maintaining valve 19 is switched on.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber 17 is kept constant by this pressure holding valve 19.
  • a swing line 20 is connected to the pressure chamber 17 via a check valve 21 opening in the direction of the swing line, which opens into a channel 22 in the nozzle holder 10.
  • the channel 22 is connected to the space 14 in front of the nozzle needle seat 12 via a check valve 23 opening in the direction of the nozzle needle seat 12.
  • a controllable shutoff valve 24 is arranged, the swing line 20 opening into the channel 22 between the check valve 23 and the controllable shutoff valve 24.
  • the controllable closing valve 24 is an electromagnetic valve which is controlled by an electronic control unit 25.
  • the additional liquid flows back from the swing line 20 via a return line 26 with high kinetic energy into the container 15.
  • the controllable closing valve 24 is suddenly closed, the kinetic of the additional liquid flowing / via the flywheel line 20 and the return line 26 is suddenly converted into potential or static energy.
  • the mouth 27 of the swing line 20 in the channel 22 is arranged close to the controllable shutoff valve 24, so that the closure of this controllable shutoff valve 24 has a direct effect.
  • the control unit 25 controls both the termination of the controllable termination valve 24 and the opening of the same. It is thus the closing time of the controllable closing valve 24 is determined and thereby the amount of additional liquid supplied to the space 14 is regulated.
  • the pressure surge or the pressure increase occurs in the flywheel 20 and in the channel 22 between the check valve 21 and the controllable shut-off valve 24, since this check valve 21 prevents backflow to the pressure chamber 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif d'injection pour des moteurs diesel comprenant :
    - une pompe d'injection (1) qui fournit du carburant diesel (gas-oil) à une chambre (14) en avant du siège (12) de l'aiguille de l'injecteur (11) à l'aide d'une soupape d'équilibrage de pression (7) et d'une première conduite (8, 9),
    - une seconde conduite (20) qui est relié par une extrémité à une source de pression (16) de liquide complémentaire et dont l'autre extrémité débouche dans un segment de conduite (22), qui est relié à cette chambre (14) par une soupape d'anti-retour (23) s'ouvrant en direction de cette chambre (14) en avant du siège (12) de l'aiguille d'injecteur,
    - et une unité de commande (25), qui commande l'alimentation en liquide complémentaire pour qu'une quantité prédéterminée de liquide complémentaire arrive avant le début du transfert par la pompe d'injection (1) dans la chambre (14) en avant du siège de l'aiguille d'injecteur (12) et pour que le liquide complémentaire et le gas-oil soient injectés en commun dans le moteur diesel sous la pression de la pompe d'injection (1), dispositif caractérisé en ce que la seconde conduite (20) est une conduite d'inertie (hammer pipe) ou est relié à une conduite d'inertie (20) et en ce que cette conduite d'inertie (20) est relié par une soupape anti-retour (21) s'ouvrant en direction de la conduite d'inertie (20), à la source de pression (16) de liquide complémentaire et en ce qu'entre la soupape anti-retour (23) s'ouvrant en direction de la chambre (14) en avant du siège (12) de l'aiguille d'injecteur et une soupape d'arrêt commandée (24) qui est en position d'ouverture relie la conduite d'inertie (20) à un retour (26) et lors de la fermeture, engendre un choc de pression (coup de bélier) par conversion de l'énergie cinétique du liquide complémentaire en mouvement en énergie potentielle, cette conduite (20) débouche dans le segment de conduite (22).
  2. Dispositif d'injection selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'inertie (20) débouche dans un canal (22) du support d'injection (10) dont l'extrémité tournée vers l'injecteur (11) est fermée par une soupape anti-retour (23) s'ouvrant en direction de la chambre (14) en avant du siège de l'aiguille d'injecteur (12) et dont l'autre extrémité peut être fermée par la soupape d'arrêt commandée (24).
  3. Dispositif d'injection selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'embouchure (25) de la conduite d'inertie (20) est située dans le canal (22) plus proche de la soupape d'arrêt commandée (24) que de la soupape anti-retour (23).
  4. Dispositif d'injection selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'inertie (20) est relié à une chambre de pression (17) par l'intermédiaire de la soupape anti-retour (21) s'ouvrant en direction de la conduite d'inertie (20), chambre à laquelle est reliée une pompe de transfert (16), qui transfère le liquide complémentaire et qui est relié par une soupape de retenue de pression (19) à une conduite de retour (18).
  5. Dispositif d'injection selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, caractérisé en ce que la quantité de liquide complémentaire fournie est définie par la durée de fermeture de la soupape d'arrêt commandée (24).
  6. Dispositif d'injection selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la soupape d'arrêt commandée (24) est une soupape électromagnétique commandée de préférence par une unité de commande électronique (27).
  7. Dispositif d'injection selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la soupape d'arrêt commandée (24) est commandée suivant un paramètre de fonctionnement du moteur diesel notamment suivant la charge et/ou la vitesse de rotation.
EP90116430A 1989-09-21 1990-08-28 Dispositif d'injection pour moteurs diesel Expired - Lifetime EP0418601B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3931456A DE3931456A1 (de) 1989-09-21 1989-09-21 Einspritzeinrichtung fuer dieselmotoren
DE3931456 1989-09-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0418601A1 EP0418601A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
EP0418601B1 true EP0418601B1 (fr) 1992-11-11

Family

ID=6389852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90116430A Expired - Lifetime EP0418601B1 (fr) 1989-09-21 1990-08-28 Dispositif d'injection pour moteurs diesel

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0418601B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3145102B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3931456A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0488831A1 (fr) * 1990-11-30 1992-06-03 Automobiles Peugeot Procédé et dispositif d'introduction d'un additif en quantité dosée dans le circuit d'injection d'un moteur à allumage par compression
EP0528150A1 (fr) * 1991-07-23 1993-02-24 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Système et méthode pour alimenter un moteur diesel brûlant une mixture de petites particules et de combustible
US5251576A (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-10-12 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha System and method for feeding fuel to a fine-particle-mixed fuel burning diesel engine
DE4435823C1 (de) * 1994-10-07 1995-12-14 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Bifluide Einspritzdüse
GB2322411A (en) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert I.c. engine fuel-injection valve with additional supply line eg for water
WO2001038721A2 (fr) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur destine a l'injection de carburant sous haute pression
US6390384B1 (en) * 1996-10-14 2002-05-21 Komatsu Ltd. Fuel injection device for diesel engine
CN105003370A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-10-28 胡松平 双燃料一体式电控喷射器

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2772114B2 (ja) * 1990-05-23 1998-07-02 三菱重工業株式会社 水噴射ディーゼルエンジン
DE4329407C1 (de) * 1993-09-01 1995-03-09 Hjs Fahrzeugteile Gmbh Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Rußfilters in Abgassystemen einer mit Dieselkraftstoff betriebenen Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE4337048C2 (de) * 1993-10-29 1996-01-11 Daimler Benz Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE4425339C2 (de) * 1994-02-11 1998-10-22 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Einspritzsystem
EP0694123A1 (fr) * 1994-02-11 1996-01-31 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh Systeme d'injection
DE4407052C1 (de) * 1994-03-03 1995-03-09 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Einspritzanlage für die Einspritzung eines Kraftstoffs und einer Zusatzflüssigkeit in die Brennräume einer Brennkraftmaschine
FR2740178B1 (fr) * 1995-10-24 1998-01-02 Peugeot Motocycles Sa Systeme d'injection de carburant dans un moteur a combustion interne
DE19625698B4 (de) * 1996-06-27 2005-09-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzeinrichtung zum kombinierten Einspritzen von Kraftstoff und Zusatzflüssigkeit
DE19746491A1 (de) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE10330511A1 (de) * 2003-07-05 2005-02-10 Man B & W Diesel Ag Verbrennungskraftmaschine
EP1612407B1 (fr) 2004-06-30 2006-08-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Système de régulation de pression de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne
CN101975130B (zh) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-02 郑国璋 一种电控高压共轨燃油喷射装置
CN102937061B (zh) * 2012-11-27 2015-02-18 东风汽车公司 用于燃油–甲醇双燃料发动机的甲醇供给装置及使用方法
US20160069310A1 (en) * 2014-09-09 2016-03-10 Avl Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Fuel injector with diesel pilot injection

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH433865A (de) * 1965-07-14 1967-04-15 Max Prof Berchtold Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für Verbrennungsmotoren
JPS5113806B2 (fr) * 1971-10-20 1976-05-04
JP2538908B2 (ja) * 1987-03-15 1996-10-02 三菱重工業株式会社 ２種燃料エンジンの噴射システム

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0488831A1 (fr) * 1990-11-30 1992-06-03 Automobiles Peugeot Procédé et dispositif d'introduction d'un additif en quantité dosée dans le circuit d'injection d'un moteur à allumage par compression
US5251576A (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-10-12 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha System and method for feeding fuel to a fine-particle-mixed fuel burning diesel engine
EP0528150A1 (fr) * 1991-07-23 1993-02-24 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Système et méthode pour alimenter un moteur diesel brûlant une mixture de petites particules et de combustible
DE4435823C1 (de) * 1994-10-07 1995-12-14 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Bifluide Einspritzdüse
US6390384B1 (en) * 1996-10-14 2002-05-21 Komatsu Ltd. Fuel injection device for diesel engine
GB2322411A (en) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert I.c. engine fuel-injection valve with additional supply line eg for water
GB2322411B (en) * 1997-02-20 1999-03-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel-injection valve for internal combustion engines
WO2001038721A2 (fr) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur destine a l'injection de carburant sous haute pression
WO2001038721A3 (fr) * 1999-11-24 2001-12-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Injecteur destine a l'injection de carburant sous haute pression
US6698673B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2004-03-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injector for fuel injection taking place under high pressure
CN105003370A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-10-28 胡松平 双燃料一体式电控喷射器
CN105003370B (zh) * 2015-07-09 2018-01-02 胡松平 双燃料一体式电控喷射器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03121251A (ja) 1991-05-23
JP3145102B2 (ja) 2001-03-12
DE3931456A1 (de) 1991-04-04
EP0418601A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
DE59000457D1 (de) 1992-12-17

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