EP0694123A1 - Systeme d'injection - Google Patents

Systeme d'injection

Info

Publication number
EP0694123A1
EP0694123A1 EP95909709A EP95909709A EP0694123A1 EP 0694123 A1 EP0694123 A1 EP 0694123A1 EP 95909709 A EP95909709 A EP 95909709A EP 95909709 A EP95909709 A EP 95909709A EP 0694123 A1 EP0694123 A1 EP 0694123A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
injection
control chamber
valve
common rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95909709A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter SCHÖNFELD
Bernhard BÄCHLE
Martin Freitag
Torsten Guth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4425339A external-priority patent/DE4425339C2/de
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH, MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Publication of EP0694123A1 publication Critical patent/EP0694123A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to injection systems for the intermittent supply of fuel-liquid mixtures into combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claims 1, 5, 16 and methods for operating the injection systems according to the preamble of claims 8, 9, 15, 21.
  • liquid can be injected with the fuel into the combustion chambers of the diesel engine, the life of the injection pump being greatly shortened by corrosion and cavitation if liquid and fuel are mixed in front of the injection pump.
  • EP-C 0 064 146 it is known to inject two fuels through an injection valve into a cylinder of a Brknnkraflmaschinc. Both fuels are fed to the injection valve separately and only meet in the area of a tip of a valve member. A piston is provided within the injection valve, which piston is connected to the tip of the valve member and causes a pressure drop between injections by creating additional volume in front of the injection opening.
  • a common rail injection system (see The electronically controlled dynamic rail injection system (DIS), Ganser-Hydromag) is known in which fuel is conveyed from a fuel reservoir by means of a high-pressure pump into a large-volume line system which is connected to injection valves.
  • the injection valves can be actuated with hydraulic pressure, with electromagnetic valves controlling the opening and closing of the injection valves depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine.
  • a disadvantage of this injection system is that the high pressure generated by the pump is present over the entire length of the lines up to the injection openings of the injection valves, even when there is no injection, and therefore fuel leakage, for example, both at the connecting pieces of the lines and at the closed injection openings can occur past in the combustion chambers.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an injection system for the intermittent supply of fuel-liquid mixtures in combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine and a method for operating this injection system for the intermittent supply of fuel-liquid mixtures, which reduces the wear on the pumps and keeps pressure fluctuations of the pumps away from the injectors , and prevents leakage.
  • an injection system for the intermittent supply of fuel-liquid mixtures in combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine with the features of claims 1, 5, 16 and method for operating an injection system for the intermittent supply of fuel-liquid mixtures in combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine with the features of Claims 8, 9, 15, 21.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the subclaims.
  • an injection system contains hydraulically actuated injection valves which are pressurized by a common rail pressure accumulator, a valve member and a piston forming a control chamber in each injection valve and the valve member forming a further control chamber with a housing of the injection valve. Both control rooms are connected to the common rail pressure accumulator or a low pressure line via switchable valves.
  • Liquid preferably water or methanol
  • fuel is fed to the injection valve via a further line with common rail pressure.
  • the injection quantity is determined by the switching positions of the valve for the control space which the valve member forms with the housing.
  • the proportion of liquid per injection is exactly determined according to the invention with a preferably electromagnetic 3/2-way valve for the switchable connection of the control chamber between the piston and valve member with the common rail pressure accumulator or the low pressure line.
  • the separate supply of liquid at reduced pressure in front of the injection opening of the injection valve takes place according to the invention with an additional valve, which is formed by the interaction of the piston with the housing of the injection valve within the injection valve, and a check valve in a fuel supply line, which can be precisely metered, with the invention Arrangement of a check valve in the line for the separate liquid supply fuel mixture is prevented from flowing out through the line for the separate liquid sigkcitszufuhi.
  • the piston and a bore in the housing of the injection valve of the injection system according to the invention can optionally be provided with an additional gradation and the housing with an additional leak oil bore.
  • the fuel-liquid mixture is conveyed in a common line in front of the injection opening.
  • the amount of liquid per injection depends on the duration of the injection.
  • the valve member with the housing forms the switchable valve for the control chamber between the valve member and the piston, and the movements of the valve member relative to the Housings determine the pressure in the control room.
  • the duration of the application of a reduced pressure determines the amount of fuel supplied.
  • a spring between the valve member and the housing improves the dynamic behavior of the injection valve of the second injection system according to the invention.
  • Procedure for operating the above Injection systems according to the invention are particularly simple and safe to control according to the invention by operating two valves.
  • a third injection system has hydraulically actuated injection valves which are pressurized by a common rail pressure accumulator, a valve member and a piston forming a control chamber in each injection valve and the valve member with a housing of the injection valve forming a control space.
  • the control chamber between the valve member and piston is connected via a switchable valve either to the common rail pressure accumulator or to a line with a fuel pressure pO.
  • the control chamber between the valve member and the housing is connected via a switchable valve either to the common rail pressure accumulator or to a line with a fuel pressure p2. Liquid with a pressure pl is fed to the injection valve via a separate line in front of the injection opening.
  • the switch positions of the valve for the control chamber between the valve member and housing determine the injection quantity, and the switch positions of the valve for the control chamber between the valve member and piston determine the amount of liquid to be injected.
  • fuel is supplied to the injection valve of the third injection system via a valve, optionally with common rail pressure or fuel pressure p2.
  • the separate supply of liquid at reduced pressure pl before the injection opening of the injection valve of the third injection system according to the invention takes place with an additional valve, which is formed by the interaction of the outer conical legs of the valve member with the housing of the injection valve within the injection valve, and a check valve in the fuel supply line can be metered, the arrangement of a check valve in the line for the liquid supply preventing fuel mixture from flowing out through the line for the separate liquid supply.
  • a throttle between the 3/2 way valve and the control chamber between the valve member and piston suppresses movements of the piston relative to the valve member according to the invention.
  • the invention has a 4/2 way valve, which is arranged such that either the fuel supply line with the line with the fuel pressure p2 and the control chamber between the valve member and the housing with the common rail pressure accumulator or Fuel supply line to the common rail pressure accumulator and the control chamber between the valve member and the housing is connected to the line with the fuel pressure p2.
  • a method for operating the third injection system according to the invention is particularly simple and safe to control by operating two valves.
  • a fourth injection system contains hydraulically actuated injection valves, a valve member with a housing of the injection valve forming a control chamber in each injection valve.
  • the control chamber between the valve member and the housing is connected via a switchable valve either to the common rail pressure accumulator or to a line with a fuel pressure pO.
  • a piston in a displacer housing forms an upper and a lower control chamber with this.
  • the lower control chamber and preferably also the upper control chamber can be alternately pressurized with the pressure pO or a pressure p2 via a switchable valve.
  • the piston moves from a lower to an upper position in the displacer housing, so that the pressure in front of the injection opening in the injection valve is reduced via a connection to the fuel supply line, and liquid to the injection valve via a separate line can flow in front of the injection opening.
  • the switch positions of the valve for the control chamber between the valve member and the housing determine the injection quantity, and those of the valve for the control chamber between the displacer housing and the piston determine the quantity of liquid to be injected.
  • only the lower control chamber between the piston and the displacer housing is pressurized with pressure p2 or pressure pO and a spring continuously presses the piston into a lower position in the displacer housing, so that the pressure in the upper control chamber can be equal to the ambient pressure.
  • the pressure in the control chamber between the valve member and housing and in the Fuel supply line controlled by a 4/2 way valve controlled by a 4/2 way valve.
  • a bypass line to the connecting line from the valve to the fuel supply line and check valves are contained in the bypass and in the connecting line from the valve to the fuel supply line.
  • a combination of the two aforementioned configurations of this fourth injection system results in a further preferred variant of the invention.
  • a method for operating the fourth injection system according to the invention is particularly simple and safe to control with two valves.
  • 1 1 shows a cross section through a fourth injection system in a phase l
  • FIG. 13 shows a cross section through a fourth injection system in a phase 3
  • 14 shows a cross section through an advantageous embodiment of this fourth injection system
  • injection valve 1 is one of several injection valves (not shown) of the injection system according to the invention for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine (not shown), in particular a diesel engine.
  • a line 2 leads to the injection valve 1.
  • the injection valve 1 has a housing 3 with at least one injection opening 4 and a rotationally symmetrical valve member 5. In the direction of a longitudinal axis of the housing 3, the valve member 5 is displaceably mounted in the housing 3 for opening and closing the injection opening 4.
  • the housing 3 is preferably in two parts. In a part 6 facing away from the injection opening 4, the housing 3 has a central bore 7 with a diameter a.
  • a part 8 of the housing 3, which also contains the injection opening 4, has a central bore 9 with the diameter b in a lower section adjacent to the injection opening 4, and a central bore 10 with the diameter in a central section facing the part 6 c on. Between the central bore 10 and the central bore 7, a central bore 10b with a diameter d is made. Diameter d is smaller than diameter a and larger than diameter c. Diameter a is larger than diameter b and diameter b is smaller than diameter c.
  • a leak oil hole 19 is at the transition from part 6 to part 8 of the Housing 3 included.
  • a leak oil bore 19b is contained in the housing 3 at the transition from diameter d to diameter c.
  • Valve member 5 has on its side facing away from injection opening 4 a piston-shaped end piece 11 with which valve member 5 is guided in bore 7 of part 6 of housing 3.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 represents in cross section an E which is open to the injection opening 4 and whose outer legs 12 can rest on a flat shoulder 13 which the part 8 forms with the part 6 of the housing 3.
  • a radially directed bore 14 is made in the outer leg 12 of the piston-shaped end piece 11.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 with the housing 3 forms a control chamber 15, into which a line 16 opens, which connects the control chamber 15 via an electromagnetic 3/2-way valve 17 with the common rail pressure accumulator or connects to a low pressure line 18.
  • Injection valve 1 contains a piston 20 in the form of a hollow piston, which is arranged coaxially to valve member 5.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 and the outer legs 12 of the valve member 5 enclose a control chamber 22 with an end face 21 of the piston 20.
  • Piston 20 has a constant inner diameter and is displaceably guided in a liquid-tight manner on valve member 5.
  • the outer diameter of the piston 20 is stepped, the piston 20 having a cylindrical end face 24 on a part 23 of smaller diameter facing the injection opening 4 and a cylindrical end face 21 of larger diameter on the side facing the piston-shaped end piece 11.
  • Piston 20 is guided closely in the central bores 9, 10, 10b in the housing 3, so that no liquid can pass between the piston 20 and the housing 3.
  • Piston 20 has a stop 26 on its outer circumference, which interacts with a valve seat 27 in part 8 of housing 3.
  • a line 30 opens into a radially directed bore 31 of part 6 of the housing 3.
  • Line 30 contains an electromagnetic 3/2-way valve 32 which connects the line 30 either to the common rail pressure accumulator or to a low pressure line 33.
  • a line 35 opens into the vicinity of the injection opening 4, into which line a reservoir (not shown) liquid is fed into the injector 1.
  • Line 35 contains a check valve 36 which prevents fuel mixture from flowing out of the area in front of injection opening 4 through line 35.
  • a check valve 38 is contained in line 2, which prevents the supply of fuel through line 2 to the injection opening 4 and enables the outflow from the area directly in front of the injection opening 4 in the direction of the line 2.
  • a bore 39 in part 8 of the housing 3 which opens into an annular chamber 40 within the central bore 10.
  • Part 23 of the piston 20 acts with the housing 3 as a valve and controls the inflow of fuel from the line 2 in front of the injection opening 4th
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a modified injection valve 25 according to the invention of a common rail system (not shown). Structural features of the injection valve 25 according to FIG. 4, which correspond to the features of the injection valve 1 according to FIGS. 1-3, have the same reference numerals.
  • the part 8 of the housing 3, which also contains the injection opening 4, has a central bore 9 with the diameter b in the lower section adjacent to the injection opening 4, and a central bore 10 with the diameter in a central section facing the part 6 c on.
  • Diameter a is larger than diameter b and diameter b is smaller than diameter c.
  • a leak oil hole 19 is included at the transition from part 6 to part 8 of the housing 3.
  • Injection valve 1 contains a piston 20 in the form of a hollow piston, which is arranged coaxially to the valve member 5.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 and the outer legs 12 of the valve member 5 enclose a control chamber 22 with an end face 21 of the piston 20.
  • Piston 20 has a constant inner diameter and is displaceably guided in a liquid-tight manner on valve member 5.
  • the outer diameter of the piston 20 is step-shaped, the piston 20 having a cylindrical end face 24 on a part 23 of smaller diameter facing the injection opening 4 and a cylindrical end face 21 of larger diameter on the side facing the piston-shaped end piece 11.
  • Piston 20 is guided closely in the central bores 9, 10 in the housing 3, so that no liquid can pass between the piston 20 and the housing 3.
  • Piston 20 has a stop 26 on its outer circumference, which interacts with a valve seat 27 in part 8 of housing 3.
  • fuel is continuously available at a high pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator in line 2 and liquid is continuously available at a preferably lower, adjustable pressure in line 35 of injection valves 1, 25.
  • valve 17 In a phase 1 valve 17 is in a position in which the control chamber 15 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator, and valve member 5 is pressed by the pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 1 1 onto the injection opening 4, so that none Injection from injector 1 takes place.
  • Valve 17 is in a position in which control chamber 15 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator, and valve member 5 is pressed by the pressure on piston-shaped end piece 11 onto injection opening 4 of injection valve 1 (see FIG. 2) .
  • Valve 32 connects the control chamber 22 to the low pressure line 33 via the line 30 and the bores 14, 31. Liquid from the line 35 is at a lower pressure than the pressure in the common rail pressure accumulator and a higher pressure than in the low pressure line 33 in front of the injection opening 4 on. Piston 20 lifts off from valve seat 27 with stop 26 and increases the volume in front of injection opening 4 in injection valve 1, so that liquid can reach line 4 in front of injection opening 4. The switching time of valve 32 determines the amount of liquid in the injection valve 1. The inflow of fuel from line 2 in front of the injection opening 4 is prevented by the check valve 38 and part 23 of the piston 20. Fig.
  • the valve member 5 keeps the injection opening 4 closed and part 23 of the piston 20 and check valve 38 prevent the supply of fuel to the injection opening 4.
  • valve 17 In a phase 4, valve 17 is connected in a position in the control chamber 15 to the low-pressure line 18, and valve member 5 lifts under the pressure from the line 35 to the end face 24 of the piston 20 and the pressure from the common Rail pressure accumulator on the end face of the valve member 5 at the injection opening 4.
  • the lower part 23 of the piston 20 opens the passage from the annular chamber 40 to the injection opening 4, so that fuel from the line 2 is injected with the liquid available in front of the injection opening 4 into the combustion chamber (not shown) of the internal combustion engine.
  • the switching time of valve 17 determines the injection quantity. Bore 14 in the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 is separated from the bore 31 in part 6 of the housing 3.
  • Valve 17 and valve 32 are in the same position as in phase I (see FIG. I).
  • Valve member 5 is pressed by the common rail pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 1 1 onto the injection opening 4, so that the injection by injection valve 1 is completed.
  • Bore 14 in the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 is connected to bore 31 in part 6 of the housing 3, and pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator acts on the piston 20, which moves toward the injection opening 4.
  • Fuel from the chamber 40 is forced through the bore 39 and fuel from the area in front of the injection opening 4 past the check valve 38 into the line 2.
  • Check valve 36 prevents the mixture from flowing back from the area in front of injection opening 4 in line 35.
  • the method for the modified injection valve 25 according to the invention in the first 4 phases corresponds to the method described for FIGS. 1-3 for injection valve 1.
  • valve 32 first switches over to the line to the common rail pressure accumulator.
  • Valve member 5 is still lifted from the injection opening 4, so that the injection through injection valve 25 continues.
  • Bore 14 in the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 is connected to bore 31 in part 6 of the housing 3, and pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator acts on the piston 20, which moves toward the injection opening 4.
  • Fuel from the chamber 40 is injected through the bore 39 and fuel from the area in front of the injection opening 4 is injected into the combustion chamber through injection opening 4.
  • valve 17 and valve 32 are in the same position as in phase I (see FIG. 1).
  • Ventilglicd 5 is pressed by the common rail pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 1 1 onto the injection opening 4, so that the injection by the modified injection valve 25 according to the invention is ended.
  • Bore 14 in the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 is connected to bore 31 in part 6 of the housing 3, and pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator acts on the piston 20, which moves toward the injection opening 4.
  • Fuel from the chamber 40 is forced through the bore 39 and fuel from the area in front of the injection opening 4 past the check valve 38 into the line 2.
  • Check valve 36 prevents the mixture from flowing back from the area in front of injection opening 4 in line 35.
  • FIGS. 1-3 represent a cross section through a second injection system 41 according to the invention of a common rail system (not shown) during an injection process in several phases.
  • Corresponding elements of the alternative injection valve 41 according to the invention are given the reference numerals for that in FIGS. 1-3 Send out injector 1 as described.
  • Injection valve 41 has a housing 3 with at least one injection opening 4 and a rotationally symmetrical valve member 5. In the direction of a longitudinal axis of the housing 3, the valve member 5 is displaceably mounted in the housing 3 for opening and closing the injection opening 4.
  • the housing 3 is preferably in two parts. In a part 6 facing away from the injection opening 4, the housing 3 has a central bore 7 with a diameter a, in a part 8 of the housing 3, which also contains the injection opening 4, in a lower section of the part 8 adjacent to the injection opening 4, a central bore 9 with the diameter b, and in a central section of the part 8 facing the part 6, a central bore 10 with the diameter c. Diameter a is larger than diameter b or c, and diameter b is smaller than diameter c.
  • Valve member 5 has on its side facing away from injection opening 4 a piston-shaped end piece 11 with which valve member 5 is in bore 7 of the part 6 of the housing 3 is guided.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 represents in cross section an E which is open to the injection opening 4 and whose outer legs 12 can rest on a flat shoulder 13 which the part 8 forms with the part 6 of the housing 3.
  • a compression spring 42 acts in the axial direction between the outer legs 12 of the piston-shaped end piece 11 and the flat shoulder 13 of the housing 3.
  • a radially directed bore 14 and, in the same angular position, a further radially directed bore 43 are offset in the axial direction to the injection opening 4 attached in the leg 12 of the piston-shaped end piece 1 1.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 of the valve member 5 forms in the bore 7 of the part 6 with the housing 3 a control chamber 15 into which a line 16 opens, the control chamber 15 via an electromagnetic 3/2 way valve 17 with the common rail pressure accumulator or with a Low pressure line 18 connects.
  • Injection valve 41 contains a piston 20 in the form of a hollow piston, which is arranged coaxially to the valve member 5.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 includes a control chamber 22 with an end face 21 of the piston 20.
  • Piston 20 has a constant inner diameter and is displaceably guided in a liquid-tight manner on valve member 5.
  • the outer diameter of the piston 20 is step-shaped, the piston 20 having a cylindrical end face 24 on a part 23 of smaller diameter facing the injection opening 4 and a cylindrical end face 21 of larger diameter on the side facing the piston-shaped end piece 11.
  • Piston 20 is guided closely in the central bores 9, 10 in the housing 3, so that no liquid can pass between the piston 20 and the housing 3.
  • Piston 20 is supported on its outer circumference via a stop 26 on a spring 45, which in turn is supported on a stop 46 in the housing 3 of the injection valve 41.
  • a line 30 opens into a radially directed bore 31 of part 6 of the housing 3.
  • Line 30 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator.
  • a line 47 opens into a radially directed bore 49 of part 6 of the housing 3.
  • Line 47 is preferably connected to a low-pressure line via a throttle 48.
  • the bores 31, 49 in the housing 3 of the injection valve 1 are arranged at a greater axial distance than the bores 14, 42 in the piston-shaped end piece 11 and in the same angular position as these bores 14, 42.
  • a line 50 opens into the housing 3 of the injection valve 1, which carries fuel and liquid.
  • valve 17 In phase 1, valve 17 is in a position in which control chamber 15 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator. Valve member 5 is pressed by the pressure on the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 against the force of the spring 42 onto the injection opening 4, so that no injection takes place.
  • valve 17 In a phase 2 valve 17 is in a position in which the control chamber 15 is connected to the low pressure line 9, and valve member 5 is the pressure from the line 50 to the piston 20 and supported by the force of the spring 42 of the Injection opening 4 lifted off so that the fuel and liquid are injected.
  • Phase 3 The positions of valve member 5 and valve 17 correspond to their positions from phase 2 (see FIG. 6). Bore 14 in the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 and bore 31 in the housing 3 lie one above the other, so that control chamber 22 remains connected to the common rail pressure accumulator. Piston 20 moves from the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 towards the injection opening 4, so that fuel mixture is injected further and the storage space in front of the injection opening 4 is emptied. The injection quantity is determined by the duration, while the valve 17 connects the control chamber 15 to the low pressure line 18.
  • valve 17 in a phase 4, valve 17 is in a position in which control chamber 15 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator. Valve member 5 is pressed by the pressure on the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 against the force of the spring 42 onto the injection opening 4, so that no more injection takes place.
  • Phase 5 The positions of valve member 5 and valve 17 are the same as their positions from phase 4 (see FIG. 7). Bore 43 in the piston-shaped end piece 11 and bore 49 in the housing 3 lie one above the other, so that control chamber 22 is connected to the low-pressure line 47. Piston 20 is pressed further by the pressure from line 50 to piston-shaped end piece 11 so that the area in front of injection opening 4 fills with liquid and fuel from line 50.
  • FIGS. 8-10 each show a cross section through an inventive third injection system 61 of a common rail system (not shown) in four phases of an injection process.
  • Structural features of the injection system 61 according to FIGS. 8-10 which correspond to the features of the injection system 1 according to FIGS. 1-3, have the same reference numerals.
  • Injection valve 61 has a housing 3 with at least one injection opening 4 and a rotationally symmetrical valve member 5. In the direction of a longitudinal axis of the housing 3, the valve member 5 is displaceably mounted in the housing 3 for opening and closing the injection opening 4.
  • the housing 3 has a central bore 7 with a diameter a.
  • a part 8 of the housing 3, which also contains the injection opening 4 has a central bore 9 with the diameter b in a lower section adjacent to the injection opening 4, and a central bore 10 with the diameter in a central section facing the part 6 c on.
  • Diameter a is larger than diameter b or c, and diameter b is smaller than diameter c.
  • Valve member 5 has on its side facing away from injection opening 4 a piston-shaped end piece 11 with which valve member 5 is guided in bore 7 of part 6 of housing 3.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 represents in cross section an E which is open to the injection opening 4 and whose outer legs 12 are conical and form a valve with a valve seat 62 of the housing 3.
  • a radially directed bore 14 is made in the outer leg 12 of the piston-shaped end piece 11.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5 with the housing 3 forms a control chamber 15, into which a line 16 opens, which connects the control chamber 15 to the common rail via an electromagnetic 4/2-way valve 65 Pressure accumulator or connects to a line 66 with a fuel pressure p2.
  • a line 2 leads from the 4/2 way valve 65 to the injection valve 61.
  • Injection valve 1 contains a piston 20 in the form of a hollow piston, which is arranged coaxially to the valve member 5.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 11 and the outer legs 12 of the valve member 5 enclose a control chamber 22 with an end face 21 of the piston 20.
  • Piston 20 has essentially constant inside and outside diameters and is displaceably guided in a liquid-tight manner on valve member 5. Fuel can pass between piston 20 and housing 3 through channels 63 into bore 9 in front of injection opening 4. Piston 20 can rest against a stop 64 of the housing 3.
  • a line 30 provided with a throttle 67 opens into a radially directed bore 31 (not shown) of the part 6 of the housing 3 and contains an electromagnetic 3/2-way valve 32 which connects the line 30 either with the common rail pressure accumulator or with a line 68 connects to a fuel pressure pO.
  • a line 35 into which water at a pressure p1 is conveyed from a reservoir (not shown), opens into the injection valve 61.
  • a check valve 36 is included, the outflow of fuel mixture from the area ahead the injection opening 4 prevented by the line 35.
  • Line 2 can be connected via the valve 65 either to line 66 with the fuel pressure p2 or to the common rail pressure accumulator.
  • a check valve 38 is contained in line 2, which prevents the supply of fuel through line 2 to the injection opening 4, and the outflow from the bore 9 directly in front of the injection opening 4 in the direction of the line 2.
  • a bore 39 branches off from the line 2 to the valve seat 62 in the housing 3.
  • the inflow of fuel from the line 2 in front of the injection opening 4 is controlled by the piston-shaped end piece 1 1, the outer leg 12 with. the valve seat 62 of the housing 3 form a valve.
  • the pressures po, pl and p2 are related to each other po ⁇ pl ⁇ p2.
  • Fuel is in stock during the operation of the internal combustion engine at the injection valve 61 with high pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator or with the fuel pressure p2 in line 2 and water with a lower pressure pl in line 35.
  • valve 65 In a phase 1, valve 65 is in a position in which control chamber 15 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator, and valve member 5 is pressed by the pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 11 onto injection opening 4 and valve seat 62 , so that no injection of injector 1 takes place.
  • the fuel flow from line 66 with the fuel pressure p2 to the bore 9 in front of the injection opening 4 through line 2 is interrupted by the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5, the conical outer legs 12 of which rest on the valve seat 62, and by the check valve 38.
  • valve 65 In a phase 2, valve 65 is in a position in which control chamber 15 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator, and valve member 5 is pressed by the pressure on piston-shaped end piece 11 onto injection opening 4 of injection valve 1.
  • Valve 32 connects via line 30 and bores 14, 31 to control chamber 22 with line 68 at fuel pressure pO. Water from line 35 is at pressure pl in front of injection opening 4. Piston 20 lifts off from stop 64 and increases the volume in front of the injection opening 4 in the injection valve 1, so that water from the line 35 can reach the injection opening 4. The switching time of valve 32 determines the amount of water in the injection valve 1.
  • the fuel flow to the injection opening 4 through the line 2 is interrupted by the piston-shaped end piece 11 of the valve member 5, the outer legs 12 of which rest on the valve seat 62.
  • valve 65 In a phase 3, valve 65 is in a position in which control chamber 15 is connected to line 66 with fuel pressure p2. Line 2 is acted upon by the common rail pressure accumulator via valve 65 and valve member 5 lifts off under the common rail pressure on the conical legs 12 of the piston-shaped end piece 11 and the pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator on the end face of the valve member 5 Injection port 4.
  • Fuel from line 2 with the water in front of injection opening 4 is injected into the combustion chamber (not shown) of the internal combustion engine.
  • the switching time of valve 65 determines the injection quantity.
  • a throttle 67 in line 30 reduces pressure fluctuations in the control chamber 22, so that in phase 3 the piston 20 does not move relative to the valve member 5.
  • Phase 4 Valve 65 and valve 32 return to the position of phase 1 (see FIG. 8) in order to establish the starting position.
  • Valve member 5 is pressed by the common rail pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 11 onto the injection opening 4, so that the injection by injection valve 61 is ended.
  • Piston 20 moves to stop 64. Fuel / water mixture from the area in front of the injection opening 4 is pressed past the check valve 38 into the line 2. Check valve 36 prevents the mixture from flowing back from the area in front of injection opening 4 in line 35.
  • FIG. 1 1-16 each show cross sections through fourth injection systems 100 of a common rail system (not shown), the injection processes of which are essentially composed of 4 phases.
  • Injection system 100 contains an injection valve 101, which has a housing 103 with a central bore 107, at least one injection opening 104 and a rotationally symmetrical valve member 105. In the direction of a longitudinal axis of the Housing 103, valve member 105 for opening and closing injection opening 104 is slidably mounted in housing 103.
  • Valve member 105 has, on its side facing away from injection opening 104, a piston-shaped end piece 1111 with which valve member 105 is guided in bore 107 of housing 103.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 1 of the valve member 105 with the housing 103 forms a control chamber 1 15, into which a line 1 16 opens, which connects the control chamber 1 15 to a line 139 via an electromagnetic 5/2 way valve 125 connects to the common rail pressure accumulator or to a line 126 with a pressure pO.
  • From the 5/2 way valve 125 leads a line 17 to line 102, which leads to the injection valve 101, and opens into a control chamber 106, which forms the piston-shaped end piece 11 1 with the housing 103.
  • Line 102 can optionally be connected via the valve 125 to the line 126 with the fuel pressure po or the common rail pressure accumulator.
  • a check valve 138 is included in a branch line 137 from line 126 to 5/2 way valve 125.
  • a line 108 In the vicinity of the injection opening 104, a line 108, into which liquid is conveyed from a reservoir (not shown), opens into the injection valve 101.
  • a check valve 109 is contained in line 108 and the fuel mixture flows out of the area in front of the injection opening 104 the line 108 prevented.
  • Injection system 100 contains a piston 120 in a displacer housing 118.
  • Piston 120 can be pressurized by an upper control chamber 119 and by a lower control chamber 121.
  • Piston 120 is guided in an upper bore 122 and in a lower bore 123 of the housing 118 with a central shaft 124, 140.
  • Bore 122 has a vent hole 127.
  • Bore 123 is connected via connection piece 128 to line 102 to injection valve 101 and to line 11 to valve 125.
  • a line 130 opens into the upper control room 119 and a line 131 into the lower control room 121.
  • An electromagnetic 4/2 way valve 132 connects the lines 130, 13 t alternately either with a line 133 with the pressure p2 or with a line 134 with a pressure pO.
  • fuel is continuously available on the injection valve 101 with high pressure from the common rail pressure accumulator or with a fuel pressure pO in the line 102 and liquid in the line 108.
  • valve 125 In a phase 1, valve 125 is in a position in which control chamber 1 15 is acted upon by the common rail pressure, and valve member 105 is pressed onto the injection opening 104 by the pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 1 1 1, so that no injection from injector 101 takes place.
  • the piston 120 is pressurized by the pressure p2 from the upper control chamber 119 and by the pressure pO from the lower control chamber 121 and is in a lower position. Liquid from line 108 is in front of injection opening 104. Fuel is present from lines 117, 102 with pressure pO in front of the injection opening 104.
  • valve 125 In a phase 2, valve 125 is in a position in which control chamber 115 is connected to the common rail pressure accumulator, and valve member 105 is subjected to the pressure on piston-shaped end piece 11 1 on injection opening 104 of injection valve 101 pressed.
  • Valve 132 is in a position in which piston 120 is acted upon by pressure pO from upper control chamber 119 and pressure p2 from lower control chamber 121, and therefore moves into an upper position.
  • the piston 120 moves from bottom to top, the pressure in the control chamber 106 in front of the injection opening 104 in the injection valve 101 is lowered via the bore 123, lines 128, 102, so that liquid is conveyed from the line 108 in front of the injection opening 104.
  • the switching time of valve 132 determines the amount of liquid in injection valve 1.
  • valve 125 In a phase 3, valve 125 is in a position in which control chamber 115 is connected to line 126 with fuel pressure p0. Line 102 is acted upon by the common rail pressure accumulator via valve 125 and valve member 105 lifts off the common rail pressure onto the piston-shaped end piece 11.
  • Fuel from line 102 with the liquid in front of injection opening 104 is injected into the combustion chamber (not shown) of the internal combustion engine.
  • the switching time of valve 125 determines the injection quantity.
  • Phase 4 Valve 125 and valve 132 return to the position of phase 1 (see FIG. 11) in order to establish the starting position.
  • Valve member 105 is pressed by the common rail pressure on its piston-shaped end piece 11 1 onto the injection opening 104, so that the injection by injection valve 101 is ended.
  • Piston 120 moves to the lower position. Fuel-liquid mixture from the area in front of injection opening 104 is pressed into lines 11, 126. Check valve 109 prevents the mixture from flowing back from the area in front of injection opening 104 in line 108.
  • FIG 14 shows a cross section through a modified fourth injection system 100 of a common rail system (not shown).
  • the modified, fourth injection system 100 contains the piston 120 in the displacement housing 118.
  • Piston 120 can be pressurized by the lower control chamber 121.
  • Piston 120 is guided in the upper bore 122 and in a lower bore 123 of the housing 118 with a central shaft 124.
  • Bore 122 has a vent hole 127 and a compression spring 141.
  • Bore 123 is connected via connection piece 128 to line 102 to injection valve 101 and to line 11 to valve 125.
  • Line 130 opens into the upper control room 119 and line 131 into the lower control room 121.
  • An electromagnetic 3/2-way valve 142 connects line 131 either to line 133 with pressure p2 or to line 134 with pressure pO.
  • Line 130 connects to line 134 with the pressure pO.
  • the method for operating the modified fourth injection system corresponds to the method for operating the fourth injection system described with reference to FIGS. 1-13 except for the feature that piston 120 is not pressed by pressure p2 but by spring 141 into the lower position in housing 118 becomes. Valve 142 only applies line 131 with either pressure pO or p2.
  • the piston-shaped end piece 1 1 1 of the valve member 105 with the housing 103 forms a control chamber 115 into which the line 1 16 opens, which also controls the control chamber 1 15 via an electromagnetic 4/2 way valve 145 line 139 to the common rail pressure accumulator or line 126 to the pressure pO.
  • line 11 leads to line 102, which leads to injection valve 101, and opens into control chamber 106, which forms piston-shaped end piece 11 with housing 103.
  • Line 102 can be connected via the 4/2 way valve 145 either to line 126 with the fuel pressure po or to the common rail pressure accumulator.
  • a bypass line 146 is included in line 115. Between the connection points of the bypass line 146, a check valve 144 is contained in the line 117, which blocks the flow in the direction from the 4/2 way valve 145 to the line 117 connected to the line 102. A check valve 143 is contained in the bypass line 146, which blocks the flow in the direction from the connection of the line 17 to the line 102 to the 4/2 way valve 145.
  • the method for operating the further advantageous embodiment of this fourth injection system corresponds to the method for operating the fourth injection system described with reference to FIGS. 11-13 except for the feature that the connection via the lines from the 4/2 way valve 146 to the line 102 1 17, 143, 1 17 is produced, and that in phase 4, with the injection valve 101 closed, the piston 120 moving into its lower position, fuel mixture is displaced through line 1 17 into line 126 with the pressure pO.
  • FIG. 16 shows a cross section through a fourth injection system 100 which results from a combination of the further advantageous embodiment of this fourth injection system according to FIG. 15 and the modified fourth injection system according to FIG. 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Système d'injection pour l'alimentation intermittente d'un mélange carburant-liquide dans les chambres de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne doté d'une alimentation de type 'Common Rail'. Des conduits (16, 30) aboutissent à des espaces de commande (15, 22) des injecteurs à valve électromagnétique (1). Pour la commande des quantités injectées du mélange carburant-liquide, la chambre de commande (15) est raccordée, au choix, avec l'alimentation 'Common Rail', ou avec un conduit (18) sous une pression p0, ou avec un conduit sous une pression p1. Pour la commande de la proportion de liquide dans la quantité injectée, la chambre de commande (22) est raccordée, au choix, avec l'alimentation 'Common Rail' ou avec un conduit sous une pression p2, ou avec un conduit (33) sous une pression p0.
EP95909709A 1994-02-11 1995-02-10 Systeme d'injection Withdrawn EP0694123A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4404325 1994-02-11
DE4404325 1994-02-11
DE4425339A DE4425339C2 (de) 1994-02-11 1994-07-18 Einspritzsystem
DE4425339 1994-07-18
PCT/EP1995/000497 WO1995021998A1 (fr) 1994-02-11 1995-02-10 Systeme d'injection

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0694123A1 true EP0694123A1 (fr) 1996-01-31

Family

ID=25933724

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95909709A Withdrawn EP0694123A1 (fr) 1994-02-11 1995-02-10 Systeme d'injection

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US (1) US5669334A (fr)
EP (1) EP0694123A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08511318A (fr)
WO (1) WO1995021998A1 (fr)

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US6705253B2 (en) 2002-03-11 2004-03-16 Edward J. Lesniak Electronic controlled emission and fluid injection system for an internal combustion engine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5669334A (en) 1997-09-23
JPH08511318A (ja) 1996-11-26
WO1995021998A1 (fr) 1995-08-17

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