EP0415825B1 - Pitched roof isolation, particularly for old constructions - Google Patents
Pitched roof isolation, particularly for old constructions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0415825B1 EP0415825B1 EP90402344A EP90402344A EP0415825B1 EP 0415825 B1 EP0415825 B1 EP 0415825B1 EP 90402344 A EP90402344 A EP 90402344A EP 90402344 A EP90402344 A EP 90402344A EP 0415825 B1 EP0415825 B1 EP 0415825B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rafters
- cover layer
- plates
- covering
- insulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
- E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
- E04B1/7666—Connection of blankets or batts to the longitudinal supporting elements
- E04B1/767—Blankets or batts with connecting flanges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/741—Insulation elements with markings, e.g. identification or cutting template
Definitions
- the invention relates to thermal and / or sound insulation of sloping roofs, in particular for old constructions. More specifically, the invention relates to an insulating product intended to insulate a sloping roof and a method of producing a sloping roof and an insulated sloping roof.
- this protection - in the form of a stretched strip on the internal face of the roofing - is generally posed in the same framework of the roof, although it was also suggested a direct installation on the face facing the outside of the thermal insulation, installation carried out at the same time as the installation of the latter.
- the object of the invention is to provide a thermal insulation material, a method for producing a sloping roof space using this thermal insulation material, and a sloping roof space obtainable using this process, including thermal insulation.
- comprising the plywood can be applied between the rafters from the inside of the roof in a simple and economical manner without any modification of the construction of the rafters, and without removing the covering already present.
- this strip in longitudinal sections having the consistency of plates, adapted to the gap between two rafters, the cutting edges being wedged in abutment on the rafters, this strip being provided with a plywood glued on the underside and comprising at least a longitudinal edge strip, protruding or unfoldable, and the cutting edges of the plywood covering the plates formed by the longitudinal sections of the strip provide sealing due to wedging between the neighboring flanks of the rafters.
- the plywood backing has a diffusion equivalent to that of an air layer at most 5 m thick. It can be treated with a hydrophobic agent and is advantageously made of an open pore nonwoven, for example of the glass fiber fleece type.
- a method of insulating a sloping roof is proposed, the covering of which is already in place, including the provision in the form of rolls of strips as defined above, the cutting of insulating plates in sections whose width corresponds to the gap between two rafters increased by an overhang, the compression of the lateral edges plywood coating the plates thus obtained in order to insert them between the flanks adjacent to the rafters, the wedging of a first insulating plate thus obtained between the rafters, preferably in the ridge area, the cutting edges of the plate coming resting on the rafters, the backing being oriented towards the roof or the construction allowing the roof, the installation of other insulating plates in each area between two rafters of the ridge down, the upper edge of a plate being placed under the plywood strip, two adjoining plates being placed contiguously, creating a seal in the transverse direction of said plates by means of the lat erasers of the plywood by applying them firmly against the flanks adjacent to the rafters, and in the longitudinal direction of the
- an insulated sloping roof is proposed, in particular for roofs whose cover is already in place, obtained by the implementation of the method as previously proposed, the insulation being obtained by insulating plates.
- of mineral fibers the width of which corresponds to the width of the areas between two neighboring rafters, increased by an overhang, which are wedged between the rafters by lateral constraint, the face of the insulating plates facing inward being coated with a vapor barrier coating, the face of the insulating plates facing the covering carrying a plating which on the sewer side protrudes by a border beyond the edge of the insulating body of the plates to form a surface for discharging water, and the lateral edges plywood placed between the rafters being compressed between the adjacent flanks of the rafters by wedging to create a seal without any need to overcome the external front sides of the rafters.
- FIGs 1 and 2 there is shown a strip of mineral wool felt whose front section 2 is unwound.
- its width is 1200 m corresponding to the maximum production width, its nominal thickness of 100 mm and its length of 6 m.
- the density is 18 kg / m 3 and the phenolic resin content of 6.6% (dry weight percentage). This results in a material of thermal conductivity group 040.
- the stiffness of the felt is such that the final unwound section 2 has a plate consistency and is therefore entirely flat with good resistance to punctual penetration.
- the surface 4 of the web turned towards the inside of the roller 3 has marking lines 5 perpendicular to the side edges 6, and therefore parallel to the front edge 7 and which are intended to facilitate cutting.
- marking lines 5 perpendicular to the side edges 6, and therefore parallel to the front edge 7 and which are intended to facilitate cutting.
- lines 5 continuous or formed by a succession of dashes it is however essential that these marking lines 5 are not not formed by notches or similar markings, so that their effect is exclusively optical.
- a longitudinal section is cut having a length L of 710 mm from the front edge 7 to the line 7 ′, that is to say 10 mm of excess provided for the setting of the plate.
- the cutting is carried out with the help of the marking lines 5, by applying a knife 8 at the point of the cutting line and by pulling it through the material in the direction of the arrow 9, parallel to the neighboring marking line 5.
- An insulating plate 10 is thus produced wedged between two rafters, oriented in such a way that the edges 6 are now at the top and at the bottom; the length of the longitudinal section L therefore defines the width of the insulating plate 10.
- the insulating plate 10 is placed in one of the areas 11 between two neighboring roof rafters 12.
- the overhang Ü of the longitudinal section L relative to at the width D of the air 11 causes the desired stress of the insulating plate 10.
- the insulating plate 10 is thus kept all alone by the clamping effect.
- a plywood 20 is provided on the outside of the roller 3.
- the plywood 20 is glued to the strip 1.
- the plywood 20 is hydrophobic, but with open pores with a diffusion equivalent to that of a layer d air of at most 5 m and in the case given here as an example of about 3 m.
- This backing is therefore vapor permeable. It is advantageously formed of a nonwoven veil of glass fibers, hydrophobic treated.
- the plywood 20 has on each side border strips 21 with a width of 5 cm which are folded in the roll 3 on the back of the plywood 20 and which thus do not go beyond the side. front of the strip 1.
- the strip 1 has a very similar appearance to that known from patent DE-A-32 29 601, but with important differences: the plywood 20 does not serve as a vapor barrier and the material of the sheet 1 is made so that it has a consistency of plate during the course and in view of the method of implementation entirely different, markings 5 are absent in patent DE-A-32 29 601.
- the areas 11 already provided with insulating plates 10 make it clear that only a few insulating plates 10 are necessary to ensure the complete insulation of an area.
- the upper insulating plate 10 is first put in place, close to the made with, if necessary, a small cutout of the upper edge of the insulating plate 10 according to the shape of the end of the ridge.
- the border strip 21 oriented downwards is unfolded by 180 °, so that it exceeds the insulating body of the insulating plate 10.
- the following insulating plate 10 is placed under the insulating plate 10 already positioning, clamped between the rafters 12 and pushed upwards in a sealed position on the first insulating plate 10.
- the upper edge of the lower insulating plate 10 being located, with its edge strips 21 still folded, under the strips of border 21 outlets of the insulating plate 10 located above.
- a water discharge surface is formed in the form of a scale, which covers the joint between the insulating plates 10 placed one next to the other.
- the upper border strip 21 in the installation position has no significant significance, the strip 1 can therefore also have only one border strip 21, in this case it is of course necessary to ensure that that the insulating plate 10 is always placed with its edge strip 21 facing downwards.
- strips with two edges are generally preferred, the folded edge strips 21 reinforcing the water and snow tightness, the effectiveness of the plywood 20 as an emergency cover by providing effective protection against water pushed up by the wind.
- transverse joint 13 indicated here in dotted lines is practically invisible to the naked eye.
- the insulating plates 10 are simply wedged, the lateral edges of the plywood 20 are applied firmly to the flanks adjacent to the rafters and create a sealing. To ensure sealing, it is therefore not necessary to provide an encroachment of the outer front sides of the rafters 12. It is therefore possible to operate without removing the construction 19 allowing the covering, here in the form of latis, without any cost additional perceptible during the installation of the insulating plates 10, the only additional manipulation compared to a usual insulation consisting in the unfolding of the lower edges 21.
- the width of the longitudinal section L can be reduced in order to produce an insulating plate 10 of lower height in the sewer area of an area 11, this to isolate a residual length less than the width of the strip 1, the residual section can be used for the next area 11, which avoids falling material , but suppose that the strip 1 is provided on each side with a border band 21. If at the end of a strip 1, the final section is shorter than the gap D between two rafters, it can be completed by a section of the beginning of the roll, the longitudinal slot 18 being able to be closed properly as well as the counter-plating 20 by the clamping between the rafters 20. With regard to the use of the border strips 21, there is no this variant no particularity compared to the iso plate monobloc lante 10 of sufficient width.
- a polyethylene film vapor barrier can be applied over the entire surface. Adhesives possibly strengthen the seal at joint 12a.
- the vapor barrier preferably has a diffusion equivalent to that of an air layer of 100 m and is therefore to be considered diffusion-tight in comparison with plywood 20. This prevents damage due to humidity in the mineral wool material.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne l'isolation thermique et/ou phonique de combles en pente, notamment pour des constructions anciennes. Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet un produit isolant destiné à isoler un comble en pente et un procédé de réalisation d'un comble en pente et un comble en pente isolé.The invention relates to thermal and / or sound insulation of sloping roofs, in particular for old constructions. More specifically, the invention relates to an insulating product intended to insulate a sloping roof and a method of producing a sloping roof and an insulated sloping roof.
Dès que la pente de la toiture excède une certaine valeur, les normes de construction destinées aux couvreurs exigent une protection entre les tuiles ou ardoises et l'isolation thermique, cette protection interdisant la pénétration de la pluie ou de la neige. Pour une construction neuve, cette protection - sous forme d'une bande tendue sur la face interne de la couverture - est posée en règle générale dans le cadre même de la toiture, encore qu'il a été également suggéré une pose directe sur la face tournée vers l'extérieur de l'isolant thermique, pose effectuée en même temps que la pose de ce dernier.As soon as the slope of the roof exceeds a certain value, the building standards for roofers require protection between the tiles or slates and thermal insulation, this protection preventing the penetration of rain or snow. For a new construction, this protection - in the form of a stretched strip on the internal face of the roofing - is generally posed in the same framework of the roof, although it was also suggested a direct installation on the face facing the outside of the thermal insulation, installation carried out at the same time as the installation of the latter.
Du brevet DE-A-36 15 109, il est connu un système de calorifugeage de combles en pente dans lequel l'isolation, disposée au-dessus des chevrons, se compose de plaques en laine minérale ayant une résistance à la compression élevée, de préférence de plus de 50 kgN/m2, au travers desquelles est transmis aux chevrons le poids de la couverture. Un film hydrofuge mais perméable à l'air est collé et tendu sur la face des plaques en laine minérale tournée vers la couverture. Ce film dépasse la plaque sur deux côtés adjacents de façon à assurer un recouvrement des joints entre deux plaques voisines en vue d'éviter la pénétration des eaux d'écoulement.From patent DE-A-36 15 109, a system for insulating sloping roofs is known in which the insulation, arranged above the rafters, consists of mineral wool plates having a high compressive strength, preferably more than 50 kgN / m 2 , through which the weight of the covering is transmitted to the rafters. A water-repellent but breathable film is glued and stretched on the face of the mineral wool plates facing the cover. This film extends beyond the plate on two adjacent sides so as to ensure overlapping of the joints between two adjacent plates in order to prevent the penetration of runoff water.
Du brevet DE-A- 37 25 721, il est également connu un système de calorifugeage de combles en pente par des plaques en polystyrène munies d'un film tendu, dépassant sur deux côtés, collé sur la face tournée vers l'intérieur des combles. Mais dans cette version, l'isolation est intégrée entre les chevrons, ce qui n'est possible qu'avec des chevrons en T formant un appui inférieur pour les plaques. En outre, la pose des plaques isolantes doit obligatoirement être effectuée avant la pose de la couverture car les bords de recouvrement doivent couvrir la face supérieure des chevrons pour éviter des ponts thermiques.From patent DE-A- 37 25 721, there is also known a system for insulating sloping roof spaces by polystyrene plates provided with a stretched film, protruding on two sides, glued on the side facing the interior of the roof spaces . But in this version, the insulation is integrated between the rafters, which is only possible with T-rafters forming a lower support for the plates. In addition, the installation of the insulating plates must be carried out before the installation of the cover because the overlapping edges must cover the upper face of the rafters to avoid thermal bridges.
Enfin, il a été proposé dans le brevet DE-A-32 35 245 d'isoler un comble par des bandes isolantes tendues entre les chevrons, recouvertes par des bandes croisées, posées sur les chevrons munies d'un revêtement hydrofuge perméable à l'air dont les bordures permettent un recouvrement du type écailles. Mais là encore, la pose croisée des bandes nécessite l'accès au-dessus des chevrons, ce qui n'est possible que si la couverture n'est pas en place.Finally, it was proposed in patent DE-A-32 35 245 to insulate a roof space by insulating strips stretched between the rafters, covered by crossed strips, placed on the rafters provided with a water-repellent coating permeable to the air whose borders allow a covering of the scales type. But here again, the cross-laying of the strips requires access above the rafters, which is only possible if the cover is not in place.
Or de nombreuses constructions anciennes ont été isolées après la construction par des produits isolants légers du type feutre tendu entre les chevrons et soumis à l'impact des vents, ce qui peut réduire considérablement leur efficacité comme isolant.However, many old constructions were isolated after construction by light insulation products of the felt type stretched between the rafters and subjected to the impact of the winds, which can considerably reduce their effectiveness as insulation.
Si on souhaite isoler une telle construction en conformité avec les normes les plus récentes, il faut enlever la couverture pour accéder au-dessus de l'isolant et mettre en place le film hydrofuge. Une telle opération est à l'évidence très onéreuse et son seul coût suffit à écarter tout projet d'amélioration de l'isolation thermique.If you want to insulate such a construction in accordance with the most recent standards, you must remove the cover to access the insulation above and install the water-repellent film. Such an operation is obviously very expensive and its only cost is sufficient to rule out any project to improve thermal insulation.
L'invention a pour objet de proposer un matériau d'isolation thermique, un procédé de production d'un comble en pente en utilisant ce matériau d'isolation thermique, et un comble en pente obtenable en utilisant ce procédé, dont l'isolation thermique comprenant le contre-placage est susceptible d'être appliqué entre les chevrons par l'intérieur du comble à manière simple et économique sans aucune modification de la construction des chevrons, et sans retirer la couverture déjà présente.The object of the invention is to provide a thermal insulation material, a method for producing a sloping roof space using this thermal insulation material, and a sloping roof space obtainable using this process, including thermal insulation. comprising the plywood can be applied between the rafters from the inside of the roof in a simple and economical manner without any modification of the construction of the rafters, and without removing the covering already present.
Conformément à la revendication 1, il est proposé un lé mis à disposition sous forme de rouleau en feutre de laine minérale d'une densité de 10 à 30 kg/m3 qui peut être déroulé sur le site de pose et coupé par des coupes transversales en des sections longitudinales ayant la consistance de plaques, adaptées à l'écart entre deux chevrons, les bords de coupe étant coincés en appui sur les chevrons, ce lé étant pourvu d'un contre-placage collé sur la face inférieure et comportant au moins une bande de bordure longitudinale, dépassante ou dépliable, et les bords de coupe du contre-placage revêtant les plaques constitués par les sections longitudinales du lé assurent l'étanchéité en raison du coinçage entre les flancs voisins des chevrons.In accordance with claim 1, there is provided a strip made available in the form of a roll of mineral wool felt with a density of 10 to 30 kg / m 3 which can be unrolled on the installation site and cut by transverse cuts. in longitudinal sections having the consistency of plates, adapted to the gap between two rafters, the cutting edges being wedged in abutment on the rafters, this strip being provided with a plywood glued on the underside and comprising at least a longitudinal edge strip, protruding or unfoldable, and the cutting edges of the plywood covering the plates formed by the longitudinal sections of the strip provide sealing due to wedging between the neighboring flanks of the rafters.
Avantageusement, la contre-placage du lé a une diffusion équivalente à celle d'une couche d'air d'au plus 5 m d'épaisseur. Elle peut être traitée par un agent hydrophobe et est avantageusement faite d'un non-tissé à pores ouverts par example du type voile en fibres de verre.Advantageously, the plywood backing has a diffusion equivalent to that of an air layer at most 5 m thick. It can be treated with a hydrophobic agent and is advantageously made of an open pore nonwoven, for example of the glass fiber fleece type.
Conformément à la revendication 5, il est proposé un procédé d'isolation d'un comble en pente dont la couverture est déjà en place, comportant la mise à disposition sous forme de rouleaux de lés tels que définis précédemment, la coupe de plaques isolantes en sections dont la largeur correspond à l'écart entre deux chevrons augmentés d'une surcote, la compression des bords latéraux du contre-placage revêtant les plaques ainsi obtenues afin de les insérer entre les flancs voisins des chevrons, le coinçage d'une première plaque isolante ainsi obtenue entre les chevrons, de préférence dans la zone du faîte, les bords de coupe de la plaque venant en appui sur les chevrons, le contre-placage étant orienté vers la couverture ou la construction permettant la couverture, la mise en place d'autres plaques isolantes dans chaque aire entre deux chevrons du faîte vers le bas, le bord supérieur d'une plaque étant posé sous la bande de contre-placage, deux plaques contiguës étant posées jointives, créer une étanchéité dans le sens transversal desdits plaques au moyen des bords latéraux du contre-placage en les appliquant fermement contre les flancs voisins des chevrons, et dans le sens longitudinal desdits plaques en dépliant la bande latérale du contre-placage du côté égout, et enfin la mise en place d'un film intérieur pare-vapeur après le remplissage complet des aires par les plaques.In accordance with
On retrouve ainsi la conception connue du brevet DE-A-36 12 852 de plaques isolantes réalisées sur le site à partir d'un rouleau, découpées sans chutes en fonction de la largeur entre les chevrons et mises en place en les calant entre les chevrons par serrage auto-portant. En raison d'une bonne adaption de la largeur et de la contrainte de compression de la plaque, il en résulte une bordure étanche le long des chevrons de sorte que le contre-placage est lui aussi en appui sur le flanc des chevrons.We thus find the known design of patent DE-A-36 12 852 of insulating plates produced on the site from a roll, cut without falls as a function of the width between the rafters and put in place by wedging them between the rafters by self-supporting clamping. Due to a good adaptation of the width and the compressive stress of the plate, this results in a tight border along the rafters so that the counter-plating is also in abutment on the side of the rafters.
De cette manière on réussit à maintenir dans une large mesure la fonction d'étanchéité du contre-placage sans dépasser les côtés frontaux extérieurs des chevrons, et ainsi sans devoir entreprendre des modifications de la construction, ni devoir enlever la construction permettant la couverture.In this way we succeed in maintaining to a large extent the sealing function of the plywood without go beyond the outer front sides of the rafters, and thus without having to undertake any modifications to the construction, or having to remove the construction allowing the covering.
Inversement, le collage étanche des bords latéraux du contre-placage aux flancs des chevrons permet de renoncer à des bandes de bordure, qui interdiraient l'emploi de plaques isolantes découpées transversalement dans un lé car il serait impossible de disposer de telles bandes dans le sens transversal du lé.Conversely, the tight bonding of the lateral edges of the plywood to the sides of the rafters makes it possible to dispense with border strips, which would prohibit the use of insulating plates cut transversely in a strip since it would be impossible to have such strips in the direction transverse of the strip.
Conformément à la revendication 10, il est proposé un comble en pente isolé, en particulier pour les toits dont la couverture est déja en place, obtenu par la mise en oeuvre du procédé tel que proposé précédemment, l'isolation étant obtenue par des plaques isolantes en fibres minérales dont la largeur correspond à la largeur des aires entre deux chevrons voisins, augmentée d'une surcote, qui sont coincées entre les chevrons grâce à une contrainte latérale, la face des plaques isolantes tournée vers l'intérieur étant revêtue d'un revêtement pare-vapeur, la face des plaques isolantes tournée vers la couverture portant un contre-placage qui du côté égout dépasse par une bordure au-delà du bord du corps isolant des plaques pour former une surface de déversement des eaux, et les bords latéraux du contre-placage placés entre les chevrons étant comprimés entre les flancs voisins des chevrons par coinçage pour y créer une étanchéité sans aucune nécessité de dépasser les côtés frontaux extérieurs des chevrons.In accordance with
D'autres détails et caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention ressortent de la description d'un exemple de réalisation, fait en référence aux dessins annexés qui représentent :
- . figure 1 : une vue en perspective d'un rouleau en laine minérale en partie déroulé et posé sur le sol avec la face supérieure visible,
- . figure 2 : une vue en perspective d'un rouleau en laine minérale en partie déroulé et posé sur le sol avec la face inférieure visible,
- . figure 2a: un agrandissement du détail IIa de la figure 2,
- . figure 3 : un schéma illustrant la mise en place des plaques isolantes entre des chevrons, vu depuis la face intérieure du comble, où, pour davantage de clarté, la construction permettant la couverture n'est représentée que par le latis du toit,
- . figure 4 : un schéma analogue à la figure 3 depuis la face extérieure du comble,
- . figure 4a : un agrandissement du détail IVa de la figure 4.
- . FIG. 1 : a perspective view of a roll of mineral wool partially unwound and placed on the ground with the upper face visible,
- . FIG. 2 : a perspective view of a roll of mineral wool partially unwound and placed on the ground with the underside visible,
- . FIG. 2a : an enlargement of the detail IIa of FIG. 2,
- . FIG. 3 : a diagram illustrating the installation of the insulating plates between rafters, seen from the interior face of the roof space, where, for greater clarity, the construction allowing the covering is only represented by the roof latis,
- . FIG. 4 : a diagram similar to FIG. 3 from the exterior face of the roof space,
- . Figure 4a : an enlargement of detail IVa in Figure 4.
Aux figures 1 et 2, on a représenté un lé en feutre de laine minérale dont la section avant 2 est déroulée. Dans le présent exemple, sa largeur est de 1200 m correspondant à la largeur de production maximale, son épaisseur nominale de 100 mm et sa longueur de 6 m. Toujours dans le cas donné en exemple, la densité est de 18 kg/m3 et le contenu en résine phénolique de 6,6 % (pourcentage pondéral à sec). Il en résulte un matériau du groupe de conductibilité thermique 040. La rigidité du feutre est telle que la section finale 2 déroulée possède une consistance de plaque et est donc entièrement plate avec une bonne résistance à une pénétration ponctuelle.In Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a strip of mineral wool felt whose
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que la position du lé représenté sur la figure 1 n'est normalement pas obtenue car la contrainte intérieure du rouleau est si importante qu'il s'ouvre en entier, le lé se mettant complètement à plat. Ceci bien que le rapport de compression soit généralement inférieur à 1 pour 2,5 ; l'explication de ce phénomène réside dans la force de détente qui est réalisée lors de la fabrication du feutre en laine minérale. Un tel procédé en vue d'obtenir une force de détente élevée et une forte rigidité est à déterminer par des essais sur chaque site de production en fonction de données connues par les spécialistes de cet art. Le feutre se détend lors du déroulement vers son épaisseur nominale. Lors de la fabrication du lé 1, on travaille avec une sur-épaisseur de par exemple 10 mm, sur-épaisseur qui sera "perdue" après un stockage à l'état de rouleau, au-delà d'une certaine période.Attention is drawn to the fact that the position of the strip shown in FIG. 1 is normally not obtained because the internal stress of the roller is so great that it opens entirely, the strip lying completely flat. This although the compression ratio is generally less than 1 to 2.5; the explanation for this phenomenon lies in the detent force which is produced during the manufacture of the mineral wool felt. Such a process with a view to obtaining a high expansion force and a high rigidity is to be determined by tests on each production site as a function of data known by specialists in this art. The felt relaxes when unwinding to its nominal thickness. During the production of the strip 1, one works with an extra thickness of for example 10 mm, an extra thickness which will be "lost" after storage in the roll state, beyond a certain period.
La surface 4 du lé tourné vers l'intérieur du rouleau 3 présente des lignes de marquage 5 perpendiculaires aux bordures latérales 6, et donc parallèles à la bordure avant 7 et qui sont destinées à faciliter la coupe. On a choisi ici un écart d constant entre deux lignes de marquage 5, d avoisinant par exemple 100 mm. On peut utiliser des lignes 5 continues ou formées par une succession de tirets, il est cependant essentiel que ces lignes de marquage 5 ne soient pas formées par des encoches ou des marquages similaires, de façon à ce que leur effet soit exclusivement optique.The
Pour une largeur D entre chevrons de par exemple 700mm, on découpe une section longitudinale ayant une longueur L de 710 mm de la bordure avant 7 à la ligne 7', soit 10 mm de surcote prévus pour le calage de la plaque. La découpe s'effectue en s'aidant des lignes de marquage 5, en appliquant un couteau 8 au point de la ligne de coupe et en le tirant à travers le matériau dans le sens de la flèche 9, parallèlement à la ligne de marquage voisine 5.For a width D between rafters of for example 700mm, a longitudinal section is cut having a length L of 710 mm from the front edge 7 to the line 7 ′, that is to say 10 mm of excess provided for the setting of the plate. The cutting is carried out with the help of the marking
On réalise ainsi une plaque isolante 10 calée entre deux chevrons, orientée de manière telle que les bordures 6 sont maintenant en haut et en bas ; la longueur de la section longitudinale L définit donc la largeur de la plaque isolante 10. Dans cette position, la plaque isolante 10 est posée dans une des aires 11 entre deux chevrons de comble voisins 12. La surcote Ü de la section longitudinale L par rapport à la largeur D de l'air 11 provoque la contrainte souhaitée de la plaque isolante 10. Après la mise en place entre les chevrons 12 la plaque isolante 10 se maintient ainsi toute seule par l'effet de serrage.An insulating
Un contre-placage 20 est prévu sur le côté extérieur du rouleau 3. Le contre-placage 20 est collé sur le lé 1. Le contre-placage 20 est hydrophobe, mais à pores ouverts avec une diffusion équivalente à celle d'une couche d'air d'au plus 5 m et dans le cas ici donné en exemple de 3 m environ. Ce contre-placage est donc perméable à la vapeur. Il est avantageusement formé d'un voile non-tissé en fibres de verre, traité hydrophobe.A
Dans le cas présent, le contre-placage 20 présente de part et d'autre des bandes de bordure 21 d'une largeur de 5cm qui sont pliées dans le rouleau 3 au dos du contre-placage 20 et qui ainsi ne dépassent pas le côté frontal du lé 1. De cette manière, le lé 1 présente un aspect très similaire à celle connue du brevet DE-A-32 29 601, mais avec des différences importantes : le contre-placage 20 ne sert pas de pare-vapeur et le matériau du lé 1 est fait de manière à ce qu'il présente une consistance de plaque lors du déroulement et au vu de la méthode de mise en place entièrement différente, les marquages 5 sont absents dans le brevet DE-A-32 29 601.In the present case, the
Les aires 11 déjà pourvues de plaques isolantes 10 rendent clair que seules quelques plaques isolantes 10 sont nécessaires pour assurer l'entière isolation d'une aire. De préférence, on met tout d'abord en place la plaque isolante 10 supérieure, près du faite avec, le cas échéant, une petite découpe de la bordure supérieure de la plaque isolante 10 selon la forme de l'extrémité du faîte. Au plus tard, à ce moment, la bande de bordure 21 orientée vers le bas est dépliée de 180°, afin qu'elle dépasse le corps isolant de la plaque isolante 10. La plaque isolante 10 suivante est posée sous la plaque isolante 10 déjà mise en place, serrée entre les chevrons 12 et poussée vers le haut en position étanche sur la première plaque isolante 10. L'arête supérieure de la plaque isolante 10 inférieure étant située, avec ses bandes de bordure 21 encore pliées, sous les bandes de bordure 21 sorties de la plaque isolante 10 située au-dessus. On constitue une surface de déversement de l'eau sous forme d'écaille, qui couvre le joint entre les plaques isolantes 10 posées une à côté de l'autre. Comme on peut le voir, la bande de bordure 21 supérieure en position de pose n'a pas de signification considérable, le lé 1 peut donc aussi ne comporter qu'une bande de bordure 21, dans ce cas il faut bien sûr veiller à ce que la plaque isolante 10 soit toujours posée avec sa bande de bordure 21 orientée vers le bas. Toutefois, on préfère généralement des lés à deux bordures, les bandes de bordure 21 repliées renforcant l'étanchéité à l'eau et à la neige, l'efficacité du contre-placage 20 en tant que couverture de secours en assurant une protection efficace contre l'eau repoussée vers le haut par le vent.The
De cette manière quelques manipulations suffisent à la réalisation d'une isolation complète. Le joint transversal 13 indiqué ici en pointillés est pratiquement invisible à l'oeil nu.In this way a few manipulations are sufficient to achieve complete insulation. The transverse joint 13 indicated here in dotted lines is practically invisible to the naked eye.
Comme les plaques isolantes 10 sont simplement calées, les bords latéraux du contre-placage 20 sont appliqués fermement aux flancs voisins des chevrons et y créent une étanchéité. Pour assurer l'étanchéité, il n'est donc pas nécessaire de prévoir un empiètement des côtés frontaux extérieurs des chevrons 12. Il est donc possible d'opérer sans enlever la construction 19 permettant la couverture, ici sous forme de latis, sans aucun coût supplémentaire perceptible lors de la pose des plaques isolantes 10, la seule manipulation supplémentaire par rapport à une isolation habituelle consistant dans le dépliage des bordures inférieures 21.As the insulating
Pour d'autres détails de pose des plaques isolantes 10, il est renvoyé au contenu du document du feutre de serrage DE-C-36 12 858. Notamment la largeur de la section longitudinale L peut être réduite en vue de réaliser une plaque isolante 10 de hauteur moindre dans la zone de l'égout d'une aire 11, ceci pour isoler une longueur résiduelle inférieure à la largeur du lé 1, la section résiduelle pouvant être utilisée pour l'aire 11 suivante, ce qui évite les chutes de matériau, mais suppose que le lé 1 soit muni de chaque côté d'une bande de bordure 21. Si à la fin d'un lé 1, la section finale est moins longue que l'écart D entre deux chevrons, on peut la compléter par une section du début de rouleau, la fente longitudinale 18 pouvant être fermée proprement de même que le contre-placage 20 par le serrage entre les chevrons 20. En ce qui concerne l'utilisation des bandes de bordure 21, il n'y a pour cette variante aucune particularité par rapport à la plaque isolante monobloc 10 d'une largeur suffisante.For other details of fitting the insulating
Après le remplissage de l'ensemble des aires 11 par des plaques isolantes 10, un pare-vapeur en film polyéthylène peut être posé sur toute la surface. Eventuellement des adhésifs renforcent l'étanchéité au niveau de joins 12a. Le pare-vapeur présente de préférence une diffusion équivalente à celle d'une couche d'air de 100 m et est ainsi à considérer étanche à la diffusion en comparaison avec le contre-placage 20. On évite ainsi les dégâts dus à l'humidité dans le matériau en laine minérale.After filling all the
Claims (13)
- A web provided in the form of a roll (1) made of mineral wool felt having a density of 10 to 30 kg/m3 which can be unrolled whereever it is installed and can be cut across the grain in longitudinal sections (L) in the form of plates adapted to the distance between two rafters (12), wherein the cutting edges are wedged supported on the rafters (12),
characterized in thatthe web (1) is provided with a cover layer (20) glued onto its lower surface and comprising at least one longitudinal bordering (21), which is either protruding or foldable,and in that the cutting edges of the cover layer (20) covering the plates which constituted by the longitudinal sections of the web (1) ensure the impermeability due to the wedging between the neighboring flancs of the rafters (12). - A web according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover layer (20) has a diffusion equivalent to that of an air space having a maximum thickness of 5 m.
- A web according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover layer (20) is treated so as to be hydrophobic.
- A web according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cover layer (20) is an open-porous fibre nonwoven, preferably a nonwoven fleece made of glass fibres.
- A process of insulating a pitched roof the covering (19) of which is already existing, according to the following steps:a) - providing the webs in the form of rolls according to any one of the claims 1 to 4,b) - cutting the insulating plates (10) into sections the width of which corresponds to the distance between two rafters (12) plus a projection (Ü),c) - compressing the lateral edges of the cover layer (20) covering the plates (10) obtained in this way so as to insert them between the neighboring flancs of the rafters (12),d) - wedging a first insulating plate (10) obtained in this way between the rafters (12), preferably in the ridge zone, wherein the cutting edges of the plate (10) are supported on the rafters (12) and the cover layer (20) is directed to face the covering (19) or the construction provided to receive the covering (19),e) - attaching further insulating plates (10) in each square (11) between two rafters (12) from the ridge to the bottom, wherein the upper edge of a plate (10) is disposed beneath the bordering (21) of the cover layer (20) and two adjacent plates are juxtaposed so as to abut,f) - providing an impermeability (20) in the transverse direction of the plates by means of the lateral edges of the cover layer (20) by firmly attaching them against the neighboring flancs of the rafters (12), and in the longitudinal direction of the plates by folding the lateral bordering of the cover layer (20) in the run-off direction,g) - providing an interior foul-air protection film after the squares (11) have been completely filled with the plates (10).
- A process according to claim 5, characterized in that a cover layer (20) is selected forming a drain surface in such a way that its diffusion is equivalent to that of an air space having a maximum thickness of 5 m.
- A process according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the cover layer (20) is treated so that is is rendered hydrophobic.
- A process according to any one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that a cover layer (20) of an open-porous fibre nonwoven is selected, preferably a nonwoven fleece made of glass fibres.
- A process according to any one of the claims 5 to 8, characterized in that webs (1) made of mineral wool felt are used the density of which ranges from 10 to 30 kg/m3.
- An insulated pitched roof covering, in particular for roofs the covering of which is already existing, obtained by executing the process according to any one of the claims 5 to 9,
characterized in thatthe insulation is obtained by insulating plates made of mineral fibres (10), the width (D) of which corresponds to the width of the squares between two neighboring rafters (12) plus a projection (Ü), which plates are wedged between the rafters (12) due to a lateral tension,that the surface (4) of the insulating plates (10) facing the interior is covered with a foul-air protection lining,that the surface of the insulating plates (10) facing the covering is provided with a cover layer (20) which at the run-off side projects from a bordering (21) above the edge of the insulating body of the plates for forming a drain surface,and in that the lateral edges of the cover layer (20) disposed between the rafters (12) are compressed between the neighboring flancs of the rafters (12) by wedging so as to provide an impermeability. - A pitched roof covering according to claim 10, characterized in that the cover layer (20) has a diffusion equivalent to that of an air space having a maximum thickness of 5 m.
- A pitched roof covering according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the cover layer (20) is treated so as to be hydrophobic.
- A pitched roof covering according to any one of the claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the cover layer (20) is an open-porous fibre nonwoven, preferably a nonwoven fleece made of glass fibres.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3928741A DE3928741A1 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1989-08-30 | SLOPED ROOF, ESPECIALLY OF OLD BUILDINGS, AND INSULATION SHEET FOR ITS INSULATION AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
DE3928741 | 1989-08-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0415825A1 EP0415825A1 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
EP0415825B1 true EP0415825B1 (en) | 1997-08-06 |
Family
ID=6388220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90402344A Expired - Lifetime EP0415825B1 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1990-08-23 | Pitched roof isolation, particularly for old constructions |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0415825B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE156553T1 (en) |
DD (1) | DD297479A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3928741A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUT61364A (en) |
YU (1) | YU48168B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT402832B (en) * | 1994-01-17 | 1997-09-25 | Novoflor Raumtextil Gesmbh | Vapour barrier |
CA2246716A1 (en) † | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-02 | Isover Saint-Gobain | An insulating element for clamping installation between roof rafters or beams of other wooden constructions |
DE19823419A1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-12-02 | Kloeber Johannes | Intermediate rafter insulation system |
DE19913496C5 (en) * | 1999-03-25 | 2021-09-09 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Floor insulation element |
EP1111144A1 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2001-06-27 | Fa. IFKo - Internationale Franchise Konzepte, Unternehmensberatungs- und Beteiligungsges. mbH Deutschland | Building construction for decreasing heat loss in rooms |
DE20120904U1 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2002-04-25 | Kueppers Stefan | Construction material with web-shaped expansion |
DE20210919U1 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2002-10-17 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | building wall |
DE102006009260A1 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-08-30 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Roof heat insulating system for building, has vapor barrier foil applied completely on main surface of mineral wool web that is wound to roll, where vapor barrier foil protrudes on longitudinal side of mineral wool web |
CH702667A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-15 | Flumroc Ag | Insulation for installation on formwork over a joist. |
GB2485364B (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-11-07 | David Martin | A system of pitched roof insulation |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3033091A1 (en) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-04-08 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | INSULATED SINGLE-SHELLED ROOF |
DE3235246A1 (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1984-03-29 | Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Heat insulating web for heat insulation of a steep roof in the space between the rafters, and steep roof insulated therewith |
DE3238861C2 (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1987-02-05 | Franz Josef 7940 Riedlingen Linzmeier | Pitched roof construction |
DE3343535A1 (en) * | 1983-12-01 | 1985-08-14 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | THERMAL INSULATED, VENTILATED ROOF |
DE3612858C1 (en) * | 1986-04-16 | 1987-10-01 | Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser | Process for installing mineral fiber material in roll form in an elongated installation space delimited by side supports, and mineral fiber web suitable for carrying out the process, and process for its production |
DE3615109C2 (en) * | 1986-05-03 | 1996-06-13 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Sub-roof for rafter roofs covered with roofing sheets |
-
1989
- 1989-08-30 DE DE3928741A patent/DE3928741A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1990
- 1990-08-23 EP EP90402344A patent/EP0415825B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-23 AT AT90402344T patent/ATE156553T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-28 DD DD90343677A patent/DD297479A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-29 YU YU164390A patent/YU48168B/en unknown
- 1990-08-29 HU HU905680A patent/HUT61364A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE156553T1 (en) | 1997-08-15 |
YU48168B (en) | 1997-07-31 |
HUT61364A (en) | 1992-12-28 |
YU164390A (en) | 1994-06-24 |
DD297479A5 (en) | 1992-01-09 |
DE3928741A1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
EP0415825A1 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
HU905680D0 (en) | 1991-03-28 |
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