EP2055861B1 - Method of installing an insulating material and set of corresponding installation accessories - Google Patents

Method of installing an insulating material and set of corresponding installation accessories Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2055861B1
EP2055861B1 EP08167904A EP08167904A EP2055861B1 EP 2055861 B1 EP2055861 B1 EP 2055861B1 EP 08167904 A EP08167904 A EP 08167904A EP 08167904 A EP08167904 A EP 08167904A EP 2055861 B1 EP2055861 B1 EP 2055861B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulant
cross strut
strips
rafters
spacer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08167904A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2055861A1 (en
Inventor
Laurent Thierry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orion Financement SA
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Orion Financement SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2055861A1 publication Critical patent/EP2055861A1/en
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Publication of EP2055861B1 publication Critical patent/EP2055861B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1618—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for fixing the insulating material between the roof covering and the upper surface of the roof purlins or rafters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • E04D12/004—Battens
    • E04D12/006—Batten-supporting means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1625—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for supporting the insulating material between the purlins or rafters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/2612—Joist hangers

Definitions

  • the invention does not relate to the laying of rigid sheets of insulating material, of predetermined standard dimensions, that these plates are made of flexible insulating material glued or otherwise assembled on rigid plates of plaster, wood, metal, or other material or that the insulating material is rigid by itself such as for example polyurethane or expanded polystyrene sheets.
  • the invention applies essentially to sloped roof (s), including a herringbone timber frame, the term “herringbone” usually referring to beams extending along the slope of the roof. Roof - it may be rafters in the literal sense of the term, or beams of traditional farms or industrial farms or crossbowmen ...-. Furthermore, the term “failure” used hereinafter conventionally means beams of the frame extending in a horizontal direction.
  • document is known DE 31 06 299 a method of laying an insulating material between the rafters, below the upper face thereof, by means of stirrups supporting the web of insulating material, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • document US 4,466,223 teaches a laying of insulating material above the lower face of rafters or trusses, between them, by means of pivoting arms to support a piece of insulating material unrolled horizontally.
  • each of these two modes of installation has the disadvantage of having a discontinuity between the strips of insulating material, thus reducing the effectiveness of the insulation.
  • an insulating material can be placed under the rafters of the frame or on the latter, the chevrons having faces, said receiving surfaces of the material, which are preferably substantially coplanar and which define a laying plane of the material insulating.
  • the receiving surfaces of the rafters material correspond to the lower faces of the rafters (facing towards the inside of the building); when the insulating material is placed on the rafters, the receiving surfaces of the rafters material correspond to the upper faces of the rafters (faces oriented towards the outside of the building).
  • the strips of insulating material may be arranged horizontally, that is to say in such a way that their longitudinal direction, and consequently their longitudinal edges, extend in a direction substantially horizontal. For each leg laid, one of the longitudinal edges then defines a lower edge of the leg, the other longitudinal edge defining an upper edge of the leg. The end edges of each lé then extend substantially according to the slope of the roof.
  • the insulating material strips may be arranged according to the slope of the roof, that is to say so that their longitudinal direction, and therefore their longitudinal edges, extend substantially along the slope of the roof.
  • the end edges of each lé then extend in a substantially horizontal direction.
  • the terms "horizontal junction between two successive strips of insulating material” designate a junction between two successive strips in the direction of the slope of the roof, which junction extends substantially horizontally.
  • the horizontal junction between two successive strips therefore concerns the adjacent longitudinal edges of these two strips.
  • the horizontal junction between two successive strips relates to the adjacent end edges of these two strips.
  • the terms "vertical junction between two successive layers of insulating material” designate a junction between two successive layers in the horizontal direction, which junction extends substantially along the slope of the roof (the term “vertical” is improper but is used for the sake of simplicity).
  • the vertical junction between two successive strips therefore concerns the adjacent end edges of these two strips.
  • the vertical junction between two successive strips relates to the adjacent longitudinal edges of these two strips.
  • insulating material strips are laid horizontally or according to the slope of the roof, their horizontal edges (longitudinal edges if the strips are laid horizontally, or end edges if the strips are laid according to the slope of the roof) are only supported by on specific points (rafters) of the frame, 30 cm to 70 cm apart (usually 45 cm to 60 cm), except to fall next to a structural failure. Even taking care to stretch each side as much as possible, it is not uncommon, given the flexibility of the material, that the edges of the yawn between two rafters.
  • the "vertical" edges of the strips are only supported by on specific points (breakdowns) of the frame, generally 100 cm to 150 cm apart, except to fall opposite a chevron of the frame. Again, these edges tend to yawn between two consecutive failures.
  • the junction (horizontal or vertical) between two successive layers is therefore difficult to achieve: between rafters or between failures , les leses not resting on any support, it is difficult to stick the tape cover or tape to secure the two strips. In practice, it is impossible to obtain a perfectly waterproof and / or airtight junction. In addition, even when the junction has been made with great care, it is common, in the long term, that the tape or the adhesive tape comes off under the effect of temperature variations or wind more or less violent.
  • the invention aims to overcome these disadvantages, by proposing a simple, quick installation method that allows to obtain junctions (horizontal and vertical) between successive successive layers that are and remain airtight and possibly also water .
  • the invention thus aims to improve the energy balance of a building, by limiting the thermal bridges likely to affect its insulation on the roof.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for laying an insulating material in strips which guarantees a solid and durable attachment of the insulating material to the framework.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a method for laying an insulating material in strips that makes it possible to adapt to an artisanal wood frame, comprising shapes and dimensions that have not been specifically determined according to the insulating material.
  • Another object of the invention is thus to meet the requirements of increasingly stringent insulation standards, while using known insulating materials.
  • the invention also aims to provide a method using simple accessories and inexpensive in terms of manufacturing cost, and whose installation, fast, does not significantly penalize labor costs.
  • the invention relates to a method of laying, in the roof of a building, a flexible insulation material, said insulating material, in the form of strips, said roof comprising a herringbone timber frame , in which process the strips of insulating material are laid so as to form a continuous insulating area (with the possible exception of structural failures, with regard to which the insulation may be interrupted) on the rafters or under the rafters, the chevrons having faces, said receiving surfaces of the material, defining a laying plane of the insulating material.
  • the assembly parts used in the method according to the invention being adapted to be fixed to the frame members by stapling, the method according to the invention is extremely simple and quick to implement.
  • the following description sets out to define the steps of the method according to the invention for a junction portion (between two successive layers of insulating material) delimited by a pair of consecutive framework elements. It therefore refers to two pieces of material insulation, a spacer and two pieces of assembly.
  • the steps described for this junction portion must be executed not only for the entire junction, that is to say for each pair of consecutive structural members, but also for each horizontal junction and for each vertical junction, that is to say for each pair of strips of successive insulating material.
  • the insulating thicknesses of the two strips of insulating material are juxtaposed side by side. look at the spacer, and we secure the two strips by gluing the cover strip of one of the strips (the upper one if the strips are laid horizontally) on the outer protective film of the other side (the lower side) if the strips are laid horizontally).
  • This method can be implemented that the insulating material strips are placed on chevrons or under chevrons.
  • the spacer advantageously provides support for the two strips of insulating material at their junction, which facilitates the bonding operation of the cover strip and thus improves airtightness (and water, if the movie outer protective material is waterproof) obtained. There is nothing to prevent sticking adhesive tape on the inner finishing films of both strips to guarantee the airtightness of the junction.
  • the insulating thicknesses of the two strips of insulating material facing the spacer are juxtaposed edge to edge, and each of the two strips is fastened to the spacer. (by gluing for example).
  • the spacer thus makes it possible to indirectly secure the two strips of insulating material at their junction, and to improve the insulation obtained.
  • Adhesive tape advantageously sticks on both sides to obtain a junction perfectly airtight.
  • the tape is preferably adhered to the outer protective films of the strips when they are laid on rafters; it is preferably glued on the inner finishing films of the strips when they are laid under chevrons.
  • the two layers of insulating material are superimposed opposite the spacer, covering one of the strips (the lower one if the strips are laid horizontally) by the other side (the upper side if the tiles are laid horizontally).
  • one of the webs (the lower one if the webs are laid horizontally) is inserted between the insulating thickness and the outer protective film of the other web (the upper web if the webs are laid horizontally). of the spacer. Whether the strips are thus superimposed or entangled, they are secured with an adhesive tape, which is mounted astride the two strips, to obtain an airtight junction.
  • the tape is preferably adhered to the outer protective films of the strips when they are laid on rafters; it is preferably glued on the inner finishing films of the strips when they are laid under chevrons.
  • the spacer provides support to the two strips of insulating material at their junction, which facilitates the sticking operation of the adhesive tape and thus improves the airtightness (and possibly water) obtained .
  • the two layers of insulating material are superimposed opposite the spacer, covering one of the strips (the lower one if the strips are laid horizontally) by the other side (the upper side if the strips are laid horizontally), and the two strips are secured by fixing them to the spacer, for example by stapling.
  • the portion of the perforated underlayer screen can then be covered by stapling a waterproof and / or airtight adhesive tape.
  • the invention thus offers, for the first time, a solution to the problem of the airtightness of the junctions between the strips of a vapor-vapor permeable under-cover screen. Note, if the under-cover screen is waterproof to water vapor, it is also possible to secure the two strips with adhesive tape.
  • each piece of material is fixed successively to the spacer, for example by stapling (if the insulating material is thin) or by gluing (if the insulating material is thick).
  • the spacers are adapted to be pierced by staples: they are preferably wood.
  • the method according to the invention provides a particularly efficient and durable insulation.
  • the insulating material strips are laid on rafters, are fixed to the spacer by stapling and are further secured with an adhesive tape, it is preferable on the one hand to staple the strips. to the spacer before the introduction of the adhesive tape, and secondly to place said tape so that it covers the staples.
  • Each spacer is advantageously obtained from a batten, preferably of wood.
  • the batten is directly used as a spacer if it is provided in a length equal to or slightly less than the spacing (dimension at the junction) between the two consecutive frame members; if it is provided in a longer length, the batten is cut to form a spacer having a length corresponding approximately (length equal to or slightly less than) this spacing.
  • each axial end of the spacer is stapled to the spacer support chord of the associated assembly part.
  • the assembly pieces have one or more of the previously defined characteristics.
  • the battens are preferably of wood and have a cross section of dimensions selected from: 27/27, 27/40, 40/40 (dimensions of the sides of the section in millimeters). In other words, it is wooden battens usually used in the building industry.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a method of laying under chevrons according to the invention.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a method of laying on rafters according to the invention.
  • the figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the assembly part used in the processes of the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of an assembly part.
  • the carpentry illustrated on the figure 1 comprises failures 1 extending substantially horizontally, and wooden rafters 2 extending substantially along the slope of the roof.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a method of laying a multilayer thin insulating material 3, wherein the strips of insulating material are laid horizontally under the rafters, by a person moving inside the building, under the frame: the insulating material is thus applied against the lower faces 6 of the rafters (facing towards the inside of the building), said receiving surfaces of the material, which faces define the laying plane of the material.
  • the strips are arranged preferentially starting from the ridge and down to the sand pit fault, so as to form a continuous insulating area (in the laying plane) between the breakdowns of the frame (it is not necessary to cover the failures of insulating material).
  • the horizontal junction 7 between two successive strips is made by superposition: the upper longitudinal edge of the lower leg 5 covers the lower longitudinal edge of the upper l4, a width between 5 and 10 cm.
  • a spacer 8 is arranged at the horizontal junction 7, between each pair of consecutive chevrons 2, and said spacer is assembled with the two chevrons at the using two pieces of assembly 9.
  • the spacer 8 is a prismatic bar of square or rectangular cross section and whose length is equal to or slightly less than the spacing of the two chevrons. In practice, it is debited in a wooden batten section 27/27, 27/40 or 40/40 (dimensions in millimeters).
  • Each assembly part 9 (illustrated on the figure 3 ) comprises on the one hand a fastening chord 10, formed by a flat plate 15 whose face 32 is adapted to be pressed against the face 6 for receiving the material of a chevron.
  • the assembly part 9 further comprises a spacer support member 11 made by a U-shaped rider 16, which rider comprises a core 12 and two flanges 13, 14 facing each other.
  • the jumper 16 delimits a housing receiving an axial end of a spacer.
  • the spacing between its wings 13 and 14 is equal to or slightly greater than the long side of the cross section of the spacer.
  • the spacer 8 in the jumper 16 so that the long side of its cross section extends parallel to the core 12; the spacer then offers a lower bearing surface 17 as wide as possible.
  • the distance between the core 12 and the flat plate 15 (which corresponds to the height of the flanges 13, 14) is preferably substantially equal to the short side of the cross section of the spacer.
  • the distance between the core 12 and the flat plate 15 of the assembly parts is greater than the short side of the cross section of the spacer, it remains possible to position the lower face 17 of the spacer in the laying plane (in this case, the upper face of the spacer is not pressed against the core 12) and to fix, in this position, the spacer to the assembly part by stapling.
  • a first joining piece is attached to one of the first chevrons at the horizontal junction between the strips of insulating material, plating the face 32 of the flat plate 15 of said assembly part against the lower face 6 of the chevron and by stapling said plate 15 to said chevron with the aid of an electric stapler 18; in the first assembly part, the axial end of a spacer bearing a second assembly piece at its opposite end, to determine the location of this second assembly part relative to the second chevron; the flat plate 15 of the second joining piece is stapled to the second chevron; the spacer is then attached to the two assembly parts, by stapling each axial end of the spacer to at least one of the flanges 13, 14 of the associated assembly part.
  • each pair of consecutive chevrons is previously assembled a spacer and two pieces of assembly, fixing by stapling said connecting parts at the axial ends of the spacer; then arranging the spacer between the two rafters by plating the flat plate of each of the assembly parts against the lower face 6 of a chevron; and attaching each connecting piece to the associated chevron, stapling its flat plate 15 to said chevron.
  • the two strips of insulating material 4 and 5 are also stapled simultaneously or successively to each spacer 8.
  • the insulating material is thus permanently fixed to the framework and the junction 7 is not likely to open.
  • An adhesive tape 37 is then adhered to the two strips 4 and 5 on the front faces of the strips facing the interior of the building (that is to say on the interior finishing films of the strips) in order to obtain a horizontal junction 7 perfectly airtight.
  • Each vertical junction 39 between two strips of insulating material is made in a similar way, using one hand of spacers 36 arranged according to the slope of the roof, between two failures 1 or between two horizontal spacers 8 or between a fault 1 and a horizontal spacer 8, and on the other hand assembly parts 9 and / or 38.
  • the end edge of each of the two successive strips is fixed by stapling to the spacer 36.
  • An adhesive tape is glued on horseback on both sides to obtain an airtight junction.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a method of laying the insulating material 3, in which the strips of insulating material are laid horizontally on the rafters, by a person moving outside the building, on the frame: the insulating material is thus applied against the upper faces 19 chevrons (faces oriented towards the outside of the building), said receiving surfaces of the material, which define the laying plane of the material.
  • the strips are arranged preferentially starting from the sand pit fault and climbing towards the ridge, so as to form a continuous insulating area throughout the laying plane, without interruption at the level of the faults.
  • horizontal battens 23 of roof support (battens intended to support the roof covering, which may be tiles, slates, sheets or other panels ...) shall be placed on the roof and fixed to the rafters, where appropriate by the intermediate of a corlatte for the ventilation of under cover; they form a kind of ladder to which the person carrying out the insulation can climb (opposite a chevron) to pose the next one.
  • the horizontal junction 20 between two successive strips is made by superposition: the lower longitudinal edge of the upper lane 21 covers the upper longitudinal edge of the lower lane 20, over a width of between 5 and 10 cm.
  • a spacer 8 is arranged at the horizontal junction 20, between each pair of consecutive chevrons 2, and said spacer is assembled to two chevrons with two pieces of assembly 9.
  • the lower leg 22 is previously stapled to the rafters 2 only on a lower portion of its height (ie say of its width). Given the flexibility of the insulating material, the lé can be folded along its upper edge 24 to allow positioning the spacer under the lé near said upper edge.
  • the spacer 8 is assembled to the rafters 2 as follows: at each of the axial ends of the spacer, an assembly piece is fixed to the chevron, by plating the face 32 of the flat plate 15 of said assembly part on the upper face 19 (receiving the material) of the chevron and stapling said flat plate chevron, and the axial end of the spacer is coupled to the assembly part, by embedding said axial end in the jumper 16 of the part assembly.
  • the upper face 34 of the spacer extends substantially in the laying plane.
  • spacers 8 as consecutive pairs of chevrons are arranged on the entire horizontal junction 20.
  • the upper insulating material 21 is then laid, which is fastened to the rafters 2.
  • the two strips of insulating material 22 and 21 to each spacer 8, by staples 25.
  • adhesive adhesive tape 35 is mounted on the two strips 22 and 21, preferably covering the staples 25 (which limits the number of perforations in the material that remain exposed to water or snow).
  • the spacers 8 provide support for the strips of insulating material at the horizontal junction 20, that is to say under the ribbon or under a portion thereof or in the immediate vicinity thereof, which facilitates the bonding said ribbon.
  • both the vertical struts 36 and the horizontal struts 8 are placed "on demand", that is to say at the exact place where they are necessary to ensure a junction between two strips.
  • the laying method according to the invention thus advantageously makes it possible to adapt to forms of framework in which the spacing between chevrons or between failures is variable and different from an integer multiple of the dimensions of the insulating material.
  • the assembly parts made of synthetic material used in the process according to the invention are made in a combination of wall thickness and material suitable to allow them to be stapled to the frame members by means of the same stapler as that used for fixing the insulating material.
  • the person performing the insulation does not need to change tools to install a spacer and performs this stapling very quickly contrary to what would be necessary for metal fasteners or a hardness such as nails or screws must be used through openings provided for this purpose to secure them.
  • the figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of an assembly part used in the method according to the invention.
  • This assembly part 26 comprises firstly a fastening chord formed of a portion 27 of a flat plate, whose face 33 is intended to be pressed against the receiving face of the material of a chevron.
  • the connecting piece 26 further comprises a spacer support chord in the form of a jumper 28, which jumper is constituted by a core 29, made by another portion of said flat plate, and two wings 30 , 31.
  • the axial end of the spacer, embedded in the rider 28 is supported by the core 29 of said rider; it is therefore not essential to staple the spacer to the assembly part.
  • the axial end of the spacer, embedded in the jumper 28 is preferably fixed by stapling to one (or both) wings 30, 31.
  • the assembly piece can have various shapes and varied.
  • spacer support member does not necessarily form a jumper: a simple flat plate adapted to be stapled against a face (for example the face in the laying plane) of the spacer is in accordance with the invention.
  • this spacer support member is advantageously adapted to receive force and retain the end of the spacer, so that it is not necessary to staple between them spacer and assembly part. The method according to the invention is thus even faster to implement.

Abstract

The method involves positioning strips (4, 5) of insulating material to form a continuous insulating surface on or under rafters (2), and placing a spacer bar (8) against a junction (7) between framework elements. Two assembling parts (9) are utilized, where each part includes a spacer bar support frame for holding an axial end of the spacer bar, and a fixation frame is fixed to one of the parts. The spacer bar is assembled to the elements via the parts by coupling each axial end of the spacer bar to the support frame of each part and hooking the fixation frame to one of the elements. An independent claim is also included for an accessory positioning assembly for positioning a flexible insulating material in a roof of a building.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de pose, en toiture d'un bâtiment, d'un matériau souple d'isolation, dit matériau isolant, se présentant sous la forme de lés, les termes "matériau isolant" couvrant à la fois :

  • les écrans de sous-couverture, constitués d'un film ou d'un complexe de films étanche à l'eau et à l'air ; ces écrans peuvent être étanches ou de préférence perméables à la vapeur d'eau ;
  • les matériaux d'isolation thermique, qui comprennent d'une part une épaisseur isolante, et d'autre part un film extérieur de protection recouvrant ladite épaisseur isolante et formant une face frontale du matériau destinée à être orientée vers l'extérieur du bâtiment ; parmi ces matériaux, on distingue :
    • ■ les matériaux isolant minces, qui présentent une épaisseur totale comprise entre 0,5 cm et 10 cm, et dont l'épaisseur isolante multicouche comprend une succession de nappes isolantes (ouate naturelle -en laine de mouton par exemple- ou synthétique -en polyester par exemple-, film à bulles, mousse...) et de films réfléchissants ; certains matériaux isolants minces connus comprennent un film extérieur de protection étanche à l'eau et à l'air, qui réalise ainsi un écran de sous-couverture ;
    • ■ les matériaux isolants épais, qui présentent une épaisseur totale supérieure à 10 cm (usuellement de l'ordre de 20 cm), et dont l'épaisseur isolante est formée d'un unique tapis en matériau fibreux minéral (laine de verre ou de roche) ou végétal (laine de chanvre ou de lin) ou animal (laine de mouton) recouvert d'un film intérieur de finition (généralement en papier Kraft®) formant la face frontale du matériau destinée à être orientée vers l'intérieur du bâtiment ; le film extérieur de protection de ces matériaux épais est généralement en papier Kraft® ou en polypropylène.
The invention relates to a method of laying, in the roof of a building, a flexible insulation material, said insulating material, in the form of strips, the term "insulating material" covering both:
  • undercladding screens, consisting of a film or a complex of films impervious to water and air; these screens can be waterproof or preferably permeable to water vapor;
  • the thermal insulation materials, which comprise on the one hand an insulating thickness, and on the other hand an outer protective film covering said insulating thickness and forming a front face of the material intended to be oriented towards the outside of the building; among these materials, there are:
    • ■ thin insulating materials, which have a total thickness of between 0.5 cm and 10 cm, and whose multilayer insulating thickness comprises a succession of insulating plies (natural wadding - sheep wool for example - or synthetic-polyester for example-, bubble wrap, foam ...) and reflective films; certain known thin insulating materials include an outer waterproof and airtight protective film, which thus provides an under-coverage screen;
    • ■ thick insulating materials, which have a total thickness greater than 10 cm (usually of the order of 20 cm), and whose insulating thickness is formed of a single carpet of mineral fibrous material (glass wool or rock wool ) or vegetable (hemp or flax wool) or animal (sheep wool) covered with an inner finishing film (usually made of Kraft® paper) forming the front side of the material intended to be oriented towards the interior of the building; the outer protective film of these thick materials is generally made of Kraft® paper or polypropylene.

L'invention ne concerne pas la pose de plaques rigides de matériau isolant, de dimensions standard prédéterminées, que ces plaques soient constituées de matériau isolant souple collé ou autrement assemblé sur des plaques rigides en plâtre, bois, métal, ou autre matière ou bien que le matériau isolant soit rigide par lui-même comme par exemple des plaques de polyuréthane ou de polystyrène expansé.The invention does not relate to the laying of rigid sheets of insulating material, of predetermined standard dimensions, that these plates are made of flexible insulating material glued or otherwise assembled on rigid plates of plaster, wood, metal, or other material or that the insulating material is rigid by itself such as for example polyurethane or expanded polystyrene sheets.

Par ailleurs, l'invention s'applique essentiellement aux toitures de bâtiment à pan(s) incliné(s), comprenant une charpente en bois à chevrons, le terme "chevrons" désignant de façon usuelle des poutres s'étendant selon la pente du toit -il peut s'agir de chevrons au sens littéral du terme, ou de poutres de fermes traditionnelles ou de fermettes industrielles ou d'arbalétriers...-. Par ailleurs, le terme "panne" employé ci-après désigne de façon usuelle des poutres de la charpente s'étendant selon une direction horizontale.Moreover, the invention applies essentially to sloped roof (s), including a herringbone timber frame, the term "herringbone" usually referring to beams extending along the slope of the roof. roof - it may be rafters in the literal sense of the term, or beams of traditional farms or industrial farms or crossbowmen ...-. Furthermore, the term "failure" used hereinafter conventionally means beams of the frame extending in a horizontal direction.

On connaît par exemple du document DE 31 06 299 un procédé de pose d'un matériau isolant entre les chevrons, au dessous de la face supérieure de ceux-ci, au moyen d'étriers soutenant le lé de matériau isolant, selon le préambule de la revendication 1. De même, le document US 4,466,223 enseigne une pose d'un matériau isolant au dessus de la face inférieure de chevrons ou de fermettes, entre ceux-ci, au moyen de bras pivotants permettant de soutenir un lé de matériau isolant déroulé à l'horizontale. Cependant, chacun de ces deux modes de pose présente l'inconvénient de comporter une discontinuité entre les lés de matériau isolant, diminuant ainsi l'efficacité de l'isolation.For example, document is known DE 31 06 299 a method of laying an insulating material between the rafters, below the upper face thereof, by means of stirrups supporting the web of insulating material, according to the preamble of claim 1. Similarly, the document US 4,466,223 teaches a laying of insulating material above the lower face of rafters or trusses, between them, by means of pivoting arms to support a piece of insulating material unrolled horizontally. However, each of these two modes of installation has the disadvantage of having a discontinuity between the strips of insulating material, thus reducing the effectiveness of the insulation.

De façon également connue, un matériau isolant peut être posé sous les chevrons de la charpente ou sur ces derniers, les chevrons présentant des faces, dites faces de réception du matériau, qui sont de préférence sensiblement coplanaires et qui définissent un plan de pose du matériau isolant. Lorsque le matériau isolant est posé sous les chevrons, les faces de réception du matériau des chevrons correspondent aux faces inférieures des chevrons (faces orientées vers l'intérieur du bâtiment) ; lorsque le matériau isolant est posé sur les chevrons, les faces de réception du matériau des chevrons correspondent aux faces supérieures des chevrons (faces orientées vers l'extérieur du bâtiment).Also known, an insulating material can be placed under the rafters of the frame or on the latter, the chevrons having faces, said receiving surfaces of the material, which are preferably substantially coplanar and which define a laying plane of the material insulating. When the insulating material is placed under the rafters, the receiving surfaces of the rafters material correspond to the lower faces of the rafters (facing towards the inside of the building); when the insulating material is placed on the rafters, the receiving surfaces of the rafters material correspond to the upper faces of the rafters (faces oriented towards the outside of the building).

Les lés de matériau isolant peuvent être agencés horizontalement, c'est-à-dire de telle sorte que leur direction longitudinale, et par conséquent leurs bords longitudinaux, s'étendent selon une direction sensiblement horizontale. Pour chaque lé posé, l'un des bords longitudinaux définit alors un bord inférieur du lé, l'autre bord longitudinal définissant un bord supérieur du lé. Les bords d'extrémité de chaque lé s'étendent alors sensiblement selon la pente du toit.The strips of insulating material may be arranged horizontally, that is to say in such a way that their longitudinal direction, and consequently their longitudinal edges, extend in a direction substantially horizontal. For each leg laid, one of the longitudinal edges then defines a lower edge of the leg, the other longitudinal edge defining an upper edge of the leg. The end edges of each lé then extend substantially according to the slope of the roof.

En variante, les lés de matériau isolant peuvent être agencés selon la pente du toit, c'est-à-dire de telle sorte que leur direction longitudinale, et par conséquent leurs bords longitudinaux, s'étendent sensiblement selon la pente du toit. Les bords d'extrémité de chaque lé s'étendent alors selon une direction sensiblement horizontale.Alternatively, the insulating material strips may be arranged according to the slope of the roof, that is to say so that their longitudinal direction, and therefore their longitudinal edges, extend substantially along the slope of the roof. The end edges of each lé then extend in a substantially horizontal direction.

Dans les deux cas, les lés de matériau isolant sont posés côte à côte de manière à former une surface isolante continue dans le plan de pose. Afin de limiter les déperditions énergétiques à la jonction entre les bords adjacents de deux lés successifs, qu'ils s'agissent de bords longitudinaux de lés successifs parallèles ou de bords d'extrémité de lés successifs alignés, il est connu :

  • pour ce qui concerne les matériaux d'isolation thermique :
    • ■ soit d'utiliser un matériau isolant dont le film de protection extérieur s'étend en saillie de l'épaisseur isolante le long d'un bord (généralement longitudinal) du lé, de façon à former une bande de recouvrement du lé suivant ; les épaisseurs isolantes des deux lés successifs sont juxtaposées bord à bord, et la bande de recouvrement de l'un des lés est appliquée et collée sur le film de protection extérieur de l'autre lé ; à noter que cette technique de pose, qualifiée de pose ou jonction par juxtaposition bord à bord avec bande de recouvrement, concerne aussi bien les matériaux isolants minces que les matériaux isolants épais ;
    • ■ soit de juxtaposer bord à bord les deux lés de matériau isolant et de recouvrir la jonction entre les deux lés à l'aide d'un ruban adhésif étanche collé à cheval sur les films extérieurs de protection des deux lés, afin d'une part de solidariser les deux lés entre eux, et d'autre part d'obtenir une étanchéité à l'air et à l'eau au niveau de la jonction ; cette technique, qualifiée de pose ou jonction par juxtaposition bord à bord avec ruban adhésif, est applicable tant aux matériaux isolants minces qu'au matériaux isolants épais mais est déconseillée dans le cas d'un matériau isolant dont le film extérieur de protection est perméable à la vapeur d'eau (il n'est pas recommandé de coller un ruban adhésif étanche sur un tel film) ; en outre, cette technique n'est réellement possible qu'en pose sur chevrons ;
    • ■ soit de superposer les deux lés successifs sur une largeur de recouvrement de 5 cm à 10 cm, le bord de l'un des lés venant ainsi recouvrir le bord de l'autre lé, et de solidariser les deux lés entre eux au niveau du recouvrement, à l'aide d'un ruban adhésif appliqué à cheval sur les deux lés ; à noter que, lorsqu'il s'agit d'une jonction horizontale (telle que définie plus loin), il convient de recouvrir le lé inférieur par le lé supérieur afin d'empêcher que les eaux de pluie, les eaux de ruissellement, la neige fondue ou la neige poudreuse ne puissent pénétrer entre les deux lés ; cette technique de pose, qualifiée de pose ou jonction par superposition avec ruban adhésif, ne s'applique qu'aux matériaux isolants minces (elle est inadaptée pour les matériaux épais) ; en outre, l'application d'un ruban adhésif est malaisée voire impossible en pose sous chevrons, et l'utilisation d'un ruban adhésif étanche est déconseillée dans le cas d'un matériau isolant dont le film extérieur de protection est perméable à la vapeur d'eau ;
  • pour ce qui concerne les écrans de sous-couverture, de réaliser une pose par superposition telle que précédemment définie, étant précisé qu'il n'est pas approprié d'utiliser un ruban adhésif lorsque l'écran de sous-couverture est perméable à la vapeur d'eau.
In both cases, the strips of insulating material are placed side by side so as to form a continuous insulating surface in the laying plane. In order to limit energy losses at the junction between the adjacent edges of two successive strips, whether they are longitudinal edges of successive parallel strips or end edges of successive aligned strips, it is known:
  • with regard to thermal insulation materials:
    • ■ either to use an insulating material whose outer protective film protrudes from the insulating thickness along an edge (generally longitudinal) of the web, so as to form a covering strip of the next lé; the insulating thicknesses of the two successive layers are juxtaposed edge to edge, and the covering strip of one of the strips is applied and bonded to the outer protective film of the other side; it should be noted that this laying technique, described as laying or junction by edge-to-edge juxtaposition with covering strip, concerns both thin insulating materials and thick insulating materials;
    • ■ either juxtapose the two strips of insulating material edge to edge and cover the junction between the two strips with a waterproof adhesive tape mounted on the outer protective films of the two strips, in order firstly to secure the two strips together, and on the other hand to obtain a seal to the air and water at the junction; this technique, described as laying or junction by edge-to-edge juxtaposition with adhesive tape, is applicable to both thin insulating materials and thick insulating materials but is not recommended in the case of an insulating material whose outer protective film is permeable to water vapor (it is not recommended to stick a waterproof tape on such a film); in addition, this technique is really possible in laying on rafters;
    • ■ or superimpose the two successive strips on a covering width of 5 cm to 10 cm, the edge of one of the strips thus covering the edge of the other side, and to secure the two strips together at the level of covering, using an adhesive tape applied astride the two strips; Note that in the case of a horizontal junction (as defined below), the lower lane should be covered by the upper lane to prevent rain, runoff, slush or powder snow can not penetrate between the two; this technique of installation, qualified as laying or junction by superposition with adhesive tape, applies only to thin insulating materials (it is unsuitable for thick materials); in addition, the application of an adhesive tape is difficult or impossible in laying under rafters, and the use of a waterproof tape is not recommended in the case of an insulating material whose outer protective film is permeable to the water vapour ;
  • with regard to the under-cladding screens, to perform an overlaying as previously defined, it being specified that it is not appropriate to use an adhesive tape when the under-cover screen is permeable to the water vapour.

Dans toute la suite, les termes "jonction horizontale entre deux lés de matériau isolant successifs" désignent une jonction entre deux lés qui se succèdent selon la direction de la pente du toit, laquelle jonction s'étend sensiblement horizontalement. Lorsque les lés sont agencés horizontalement, la jonction horizontale entre deux lés successifs concerne donc les bords longitudinaux adjacents de ces deux lés. Lorsque les lés sont agencés selon la pente du toit, la jonction horizontale entre deux lés successifs concerne les bords d'extrémité adjacents de ces deux lés.In all the following, the terms "horizontal junction between two successive strips of insulating material" designate a junction between two successive strips in the direction of the slope of the roof, which junction extends substantially horizontally. When the strips are arranged horizontally, the horizontal junction between two successive strips therefore concerns the adjacent longitudinal edges of these two strips. When the strips are arranged according to the slope of the roof, the horizontal junction between two successive strips relates to the adjacent end edges of these two strips.

Par ailleurs, les termes "jonction verticale entre deux lés de matériau isolant successifs" désignent une jonction entre deux lés qui se succèdent selon la direction horizontale, laquelle jonction s'étend sensiblement selon la pente du toit (le terme "vertical" est impropre mais est utilisé par souci de simplicité). Lorsque les lés sont agencés horizontalement, la jonction verticale entre deux lés successifs concerne donc les bords d'extrémité adjacents de ces deux lés. Lorsque les lés sont agencés selon la pente du toit, la jonction verticale entre deux lés successifs concerne les bords longitudinaux adjacents de ces deux lés.Furthermore, the terms "vertical junction between two successive layers of insulating material" designate a junction between two successive layers in the horizontal direction, which junction extends substantially along the slope of the roof (the term "vertical" is improper but is used for the sake of simplicity). When the strips are arranged horizontally, the vertical junction between two successive strips therefore concerns the adjacent end edges of these two strips. When the strips are arranged according to the slope of the roof, the vertical junction between two successive strips relates to the adjacent longitudinal edges of these two strips.

Que les lés de matériau isolant soient posés horizontalement ou selon la pente du toit, leurs bords horizontaux (bords longitudinaux si les lés sont posés horizontalement, ou bords d'extrémité si les lés sont posés selon la pente du toit) ne s'appuient que sur des points ponctuels (les chevrons) de la charpente, distants de 30 cm à 70 cm (généralement de 45 cm à 60 cm), sauf à tomber en regard d'une panne de la charpente. Même en prenant soin de tendre le plus possible chaque lé, il n'est pas rare, compte tenu de la souplesse du matériau, que les bords des lés baillent entre deux chevrons. De même, les bords "verticaux" des lés (bords s'étendant selon la pente du toit -bords d'extrémité si les lés sont posés horizontalement ou bords longitudinaux si les lés sont posés selon la pente du toit) ne s'appuient que sur des points ponctuels (les pannes) de la charpente, généralement distants de 100 cm à 150 cm, sauf à tomber en regard d'un chevron de la charpente. Là encore, ces bords ont tendance à bailler entre deux pannes consécutives.Whether the insulating material strips are laid horizontally or according to the slope of the roof, their horizontal edges (longitudinal edges if the strips are laid horizontally, or end edges if the strips are laid according to the slope of the roof) are only supported by on specific points (rafters) of the frame, 30 cm to 70 cm apart (usually 45 cm to 60 cm), except to fall next to a structural failure. Even taking care to stretch each side as much as possible, it is not uncommon, given the flexibility of the material, that the edges of the yawn between two rafters. Similarly, the "vertical" edges of the strips (edges extending along the slope of the roof-end edges if the strips are laid horizontally or longitudinal edges if the strips are laid according to the slope of the roof) are only supported by on specific points (breakdowns) of the frame, generally 100 cm to 150 cm apart, except to fall opposite a chevron of the frame. Again, these edges tend to yawn between two consecutive failures.

Qu'elle soit réalisée par juxtaposition bord à bord avec bande de recouvrement ou avec ruban adhésif ou par superposition avec ruban adhésif, la jonction (horizontale ou verticale) entre deux lés successifs est par conséquent délicate à réaliser : entre les chevrons ou entre les pannes, les lés ne reposant sur aucun appui, il est malaisé de coller la bande de recouvrement ou le ruban adhésif destiné à solidariser les deux lés. Dans la pratique, il est impossible d'obtenir une jonction parfaitement étanche à l'eau et/ou à l'air. En outre, même lorsque la jonction a été réalisée avec le plus grand soin, il est fréquent, à terme, que la bande de recouvrement ou que le ruban adhésif se décolle sous l'effet de variations de températures ou encore de vents plus ou moins violents.Whether made by edge-to-edge juxtaposition with cover tape or with adhesive tape or by superposition with adhesive tape, the junction (horizontal or vertical) between two successive layers is therefore difficult to achieve: between rafters or between failures , les leses not resting on any support, it is difficult to stick the tape cover or tape to secure the two strips. In practice, it is impossible to obtain a perfectly waterproof and / or airtight junction. In addition, even when the junction has been made with great care, it is common, in the long term, that the tape or the adhesive tape comes off under the effect of temperature variations or wind more or less violent.

Les conséquences sont désastreuses en terme de bilan énergétique, d'importants ponts thermiques pouvant apparaître au niveau des jonctions (horizontales et verticales) entre lés successifs (que ces derniers soient posés horizontalement ou selon la pente du toit), du fait d'une réalisation imparfaite de l'isolation ou suite à une dégradation ultérieure de cette isolation.The consequences are disastrous in terms of energy balance, important thermal bridges can appear at the level of the junctions (horizontal and vertical) between successive layers (that these are posed horizontally or according to the slope of the roof), because of a realization imperfect insulation or subsequent degradation of this insulation.

Il existe donc un besoin d'un procédé de pose pour matériau isolant souple qui permette une jonction fiable entre les bords de lés contigus et assure que ces bords soient durablement liés entre eux de manière solidaire.There is therefore a need for a laying method for flexible insulating material which allows a reliable junction between the edges of contiguous strips and ensures that these edges are durably bonded to each other in solidarity.

Il est à noter que ce problème ne se pose pas dans les procédés de pose de plaques d'isolant rigides, particulièrement adaptés aux constructions industrielles en charpente métallique, dans lesquels les plaques sont simplement juxtaposées, sans jonction des bords, dans une grille de profilés métalliques préfabriquée aux dimensions exactes prédéterminées des plaques.It should be noted that this problem does not arise in rigid insulation board laying processes, particularly suitable for industrial steel frame constructions, in which the plates are simply juxtaposed, without junction edges, in a grid of prefabricated metal profiles to the predetermined predetermined dimensions of the plates.

L'invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients, en proposant un procédé de pose simple, rapide et qui permette d'obtenir des jonctions (horizontales et verticales) entre lés successifs qui soient et restent étanches à l'air et éventuellement également à l'eau. L'invention vise ainsi à améliorer le bilan énergétique d'un bâtiment, en limitant les ponts thermiques susceptibles d'affecter son isolation en toiture.The invention aims to overcome these disadvantages, by proposing a simple, quick installation method that allows to obtain junctions (horizontal and vertical) between successive successive layers that are and remain airtight and possibly also water . The invention thus aims to improve the energy balance of a building, by limiting the thermal bridges likely to affect its insulation on the roof.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un procédé de pose d'un matériau isolant en lés qui garantisse une fixation solide et pérenne du matériau isolant à la charpente.Another object of the invention is to provide a method for laying an insulating material in strips which guarantees a solid and durable attachment of the insulating material to the framework.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de proposer un procédé de pose d'un matériau isolant en lés qui permette de s'adapter à une charpente en bois artisanale, comportant des formes et dimensions qui n'ont pas été spécialement déterminées en fonction du matériau isolant.Another object of the invention is to propose a method for laying an insulating material in strips that makes it possible to adapt to an artisanal wood frame, comprising shapes and dimensions that have not been specifically determined according to the insulating material.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est ainsi de pouvoir satisfaire les exigences de normes d'isolation de plus en plus draconiennes, tout en utilisant des matériaux isolants connus.Another object of the invention is thus to meet the requirements of increasingly stringent insulation standards, while using known insulating materials.

L'invention vise également à proposer un procédé utilisant des accessoires simples et peu onéreux en terme de coût de fabrication, et dont la pose, rapide, ne pénalise pas de façon significative les coûts de main d'oeuvre.The invention also aims to provide a method using simple accessories and inexpensive in terms of manufacturing cost, and whose installation, fast, does not significantly penalize labor costs.

Pour ce faire, l'invention concerne un procédé de pose, en toiture d'un bâtiment, d'un matériau souple d'isolation, dit matériau isolant, se présentant sous la forme de lés, ladite toiture comprenant une charpente en bois à chevrons, procédé dans lequel on pose les lés de matériau isolant de façon à former une étendue isolante continue (exception faite éventuellement des pannes de la charpente, en regard desquelles l'isolation peut être interrompue) sur les chevrons ou sous les chevrons, les chevrons présentant des faces, dites faces de réception du matériau, définissant un plan de pose du matériau isolant.To do this, the invention relates to a method of laying, in the roof of a building, a flexible insulation material, said insulating material, in the form of strips, said roof comprising a herringbone timber frame , in which process the strips of insulating material are laid so as to form a continuous insulating area (with the possible exception of structural failures, with regard to which the insulation may be interrupted) on the rafters or under the rafters, the chevrons having faces, said receiving surfaces of the material, defining a laying plane of the insulating material.

Le procédé selon l'invention est défini par la revendication 1.The process according to the invention is defined by claim 1.

Les pièces d'assemblage utilisées dans le procédé selon l'invention étant adaptées pour pouvoir être fixées aux éléments de charpente par agrafage, le procédé selon l'invention est extrêmement simple et rapide à mettre en oeuvre.The assembly parts used in the method according to the invention being adapted to be fixed to the frame members by stapling, the method according to the invention is extremely simple and quick to implement.

Par souci de simplicité, la description qui suit s'attache à définir les étapes du procédé selon l'invention pour une portion de jonction (entre deux lés de matériau isolant successifs) délimitée par une paire d'éléments de charpente consécutifs. Elle fait par conséquent référence à deux lés de matériau isolant, une entretoise et deux pièces d'assemblage. Bien entendu, dans le procédé selon l'invention, les étapes décrites pour cette portion de jonction doivent être exécutées non seulement pour la totalité de la jonction, c'est-à-dire pour chaque paire d'éléments de charpente consécutifs, mais aussi pour chaque jonction horizontale et pour chaque jonction verticale, c'est-à-dire pour chaque paire de lés de matériau isolant successifs.For the sake of simplicity, the following description sets out to define the steps of the method according to the invention for a junction portion (between two successive layers of insulating material) delimited by a pair of consecutive framework elements. It therefore refers to two pieces of material insulation, a spacer and two pieces of assembly. Of course, in the method according to the invention, the steps described for this junction portion must be executed not only for the entire junction, that is to say for each pair of consecutive structural members, but also for each horizontal junction and for each vertical junction, that is to say for each pair of strips of successive insulating material.

S'agissant d'une jonction horizontale, les éléments de charpente consécutifs entre lesquels l'entretoise est agencée peuvent être :

  • deux chevrons,
  • un chevron et une entretoise préalablement agencée en regard d'une jonction verticale,
  • éventuellement deux entretoises préalablement agencées en regard de deux jonctions verticales.
In the case of a horizontal junction, the consecutive framework elements between which the spacer is arranged can be:
  • two rafters,
  • a chevron and a spacer previously arranged opposite a vertical junction,
  • possibly two spacers previously arranged opposite two vertical junctions.

S'agissant d'une jonction verticale, les éléments de charpente consécutifs entre lesquels l'entretoise est agencée peuvent être :

  • deux pannes,
  • une panne et une entretoise préalablement agencée en regard d'une jonction horizontale,
  • deux entretoises préalablement agencées en regard de deux jonctions horizontales.
In the case of a vertical junction, the consecutive structural members between which the spacer is arranged can be:
  • two failures,
  • a breakdown and a spacer arranged before a horizontal junction,
  • two spacers previously arranged opposite two horizontal junctions.

Lorsque la jonction concerne les bords longitudinaux adjacents de deux lés successifs d'un matériau d'isolation thermique à bande de recouvrement (que celui-ci soit mince ou épais), on juxtapose bord à bord les épaisseurs isolantes des deux lés de matériau isolant en regard de l'entretoise, et on solidarise les deux lés en collant la bande de recouvrement de l'un des lés (le lé supérieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement) sur le film extérieur de protection de l'autre lé (le lé inférieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement). Ce procédé peut être mis en oeuvre que les lés de matériau isolant soient posés sur chevrons ou sous chevrons. L'entretoise offre avantageusement un appui aux deux lés de matériau isolant au niveau de leur jonction, qui facilite l'opération de collage de la bande de recouvrement et améliore ainsi l'étanchéité à l'air (et à l'eau, si le film extérieur de protection du matériau est étanche) obtenue. Rien n'empêche de coller également un ruban adhésif à cheval sur les films intérieurs de finition des deux lés, en vue de garantir l'étanchéité à l'air de la jonction.When the junction concerns the adjacent longitudinal edges of two successive strips of a thermal insulation material with a covering strip (whether it is thin or thick), the insulating thicknesses of the two strips of insulating material are juxtaposed side by side. look at the spacer, and we secure the two strips by gluing the cover strip of one of the strips (the upper one if the strips are laid horizontally) on the outer protective film of the other side (the lower side) if the strips are laid horizontally). This method can be implemented that the insulating material strips are placed on chevrons or under chevrons. The spacer advantageously provides support for the two strips of insulating material at their junction, which facilitates the bonding operation of the cover strip and thus improves airtightness (and water, if the movie outer protective material is waterproof) obtained. There is nothing to prevent sticking adhesive tape on the inner finishing films of both strips to guarantee the airtightness of the junction.

Dans le cas d'un matériau d'isolation thermique épais dépourvu de bande de recouvrement, on juxtapose bord à bord les épaisseurs isolantes des deux lés de matériau isolant en regard de l'entretoise, et on fixe chacun des deux lés à l'entretoise (par collage par exemple). L'entretoise permet ainsi de solidariser indirectement les deux lés de matériau isolant à leur jonction, et d'améliorer l'isolation obtenue. On colle avantageusement un ruban adhésif à cheval sur les deux lés afin d'obtenir une jonction parfaitement étanche à l'air. Le ruban est de préférence collé sur les films extérieurs de protection des lés lorsque ceux-ci sont posés sur chevrons ; il est de préférence collé sur les films intérieurs de finition des lés lorsque ceux-ci sont posés sous chevrons.In the case of a thick thermal insulation material without covering strip, the insulating thicknesses of the two strips of insulating material facing the spacer are juxtaposed edge to edge, and each of the two strips is fastened to the spacer. (by gluing for example). The spacer thus makes it possible to indirectly secure the two strips of insulating material at their junction, and to improve the insulation obtained. Adhesive tape advantageously sticks on both sides to obtain a junction perfectly airtight. The tape is preferably adhered to the outer protective films of the strips when they are laid on rafters; it is preferably glued on the inner finishing films of the strips when they are laid under chevrons.

Dans le cas d'un matériau isolant mince dépourvu de bande de recouvrement, on superpose les deux lés de matériau isolant en regard de l'entretoise, en recouvrant l'un des lés (le lé inférieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement) par l'autre lé (le lé supérieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement). En variante, on intercale l'un des lés (le lé inférieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement) entre l'épaisseur isolante et le film extérieur de protection de l'autre lé (le lé supérieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement) en regard de l'entretoise. Que les lés soient ainsi superposés ou enchevêtrés, on les solidarise à l'aide d'un ruban adhésif, que l'on colle à cheval sur les deux lés, afin d'obtenir une jonction étanche à l'air. Le ruban est de préférence collé sur les films extérieurs de protection des lés lorsque ceux-ci sont posés sur chevrons ; il est de préférence collé sur les films intérieurs de finition des lés lorsque ceux-ci sont posés sous chevrons. Là encore, l'entretoise offre un appui aux deux lés de matériau isolant au niveau de leur jonction, qui facilite l'opération de collage du ruban adhésif et améliore ainsi l'étanchéité à l'air (et éventuellement à l'eau) obtenue.In the case of a thin insulating material without covering strip, the two layers of insulating material are superimposed opposite the spacer, covering one of the strips (the lower one if the strips are laid horizontally) by the other side (the upper side if the tiles are laid horizontally). As a variant, one of the webs (the lower one if the webs are laid horizontally) is inserted between the insulating thickness and the outer protective film of the other web (the upper web if the webs are laid horizontally). of the spacer. Whether the strips are thus superimposed or entangled, they are secured with an adhesive tape, which is mounted astride the two strips, to obtain an airtight junction. The tape is preferably adhered to the outer protective films of the strips when they are laid on rafters; it is preferably glued on the inner finishing films of the strips when they are laid under chevrons. Again, the spacer provides support to the two strips of insulating material at their junction, which facilitates the sticking operation of the adhesive tape and thus improves the airtightness (and possibly water) obtained .

Dans le cas d'un écran de sous-couverture (nécessairement posé sur chevrons), on superpose les deux lés de matériau isolant en regard de l'entretoise, en recouvrant l'un des lés (le lé inférieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement) par l'autre lé (le lé supérieur si les lés sont posés horizontalement), et on solidarise les deux lés en les fixant à l'entretoise, par exemple par agrafage. On peut ensuite recouvrir la portion de l'écran de sous-toiture perforée par l'agrafage d'une bande adhésive étanche à l'eau et/ou à l'air. L'invention offre ainsi pour la première fois une solution au problème de l'étanchéité à l'air des jonctions entre lés d'un écran de sous-couverture perméable à la vapeur d'eau. A noter, si l'écran de sous-couverture est étanche à la vapeur d'eau, qu'il est aussi possible de solidariser les deux lés à l'aide d'un ruban adhésif.In the case of an under-roof screen (necessarily placed on rafters), the two layers of insulating material are superimposed opposite the spacer, covering one of the strips (the lower one if the strips are laid horizontally) by the other side (the upper side if the strips are laid horizontally), and the two strips are secured by fixing them to the spacer, for example by stapling. The portion of the perforated underlayer screen can then be covered by stapling a waterproof and / or airtight adhesive tape. The invention thus offers, for the first time, a solution to the problem of the airtightness of the junctions between the strips of a vapor-vapor permeable under-cover screen. Note, if the under-cover screen is waterproof to water vapor, it is also possible to secure the two strips with adhesive tape.

Dans tous les cas (matériau isolant mince ou épais, avec ou sans bande de recouvrement, écran de sous-couverture), il est particulièrement avantageux de fixer chacun des deux lés de matériau isolant à l'entretoise. Pour ce faire, lorsque les deux lés de matériau isolant sont juxtaposés bord à bord, on fixe successivement chaque lé de matériau à l'entretoise, par exemple par agrafage (si le matériau isolant est mince) ou par collage (si le matériau isolant est épais). Lorsque les deux lés de matériau isolant (mince) sont superposés ou enchevêtrés, on peut fixer simultanément les deux lés à l'entretoise par agrafage. Le cas échéant, les entretoises sont donc adaptées pour pouvoir être transpercées par des agrafes : elles sont de préférence en bois. En outre, il est possible de revêtir la jonction des lés de matériau ainsi agrafés d'un ruban adhésif étanche à l'air et/ou à l'eau.In all cases (thin or thick insulating material, with or without cover strip, under-cover screen), it is particularly advantageous to fix each of the two strips of insulating material to the spacer. To do this, when the two strips of insulating material are juxtaposed edge to edge, each piece of material is fixed successively to the spacer, for example by stapling (if the insulating material is thin) or by gluing (if the insulating material is thick). When the two strips of insulating material (thin) are superimposed or entangled, one can simultaneously fix the two strips to the spacer by stapling. If necessary, the spacers are adapted to be pierced by staples: they are preferably wood. In addition, it is possible to coat the junction of the material strips thus stapled with an adhesive tape airtight and / or water.

Le risque que la jonction entre les lés s'ouvre, c'est-à-dire que les deux lés se désolidarisent (qu'ils soient solidarisés par une bande de recouvrement ou par un ruban adhésif) est ainsi écarté. Le procédé selon l'invention confère une isolation particulièrement performante et pérenne.The risk that the junction between the strips opens, that is to say that the two strips dissociate (they are secured by a strip of tape or tape) is thus removed. The method according to the invention provides a particularly efficient and durable insulation.

A noter que, lorsque les lés de matériau isolant sont posés sur chevrons, sont fixés à l'entretoise par agrafage et sont de plus solidarisés à l'aide d'un ruban adhésif, il est préférable d'une part d'agrafer les lés à l'entretoise préalablement à la mise en place du ruban adhésif, et d'autre part de placer ledit ruban de façon à ce qu'il recouvre les agrafes.Note that when the insulating material strips are laid on rafters, are fixed to the spacer by stapling and are further secured with an adhesive tape, it is preferable on the one hand to staple the strips. to the spacer before the introduction of the adhesive tape, and secondly to place said tape so that it covers the staples.

Chaque entretoise est avantageusement obtenue à partir d'un liteau, de préférence en bois. Le liteau est directement utilisé à titre d'entretoise s'il est fourni dans une longueur égale ou légèrement inférieure à l'écartement (dimension au niveau de la jonction) entre les deux éléments de charpente consécutifs ; s'il est fourni dans une longueur supérieure, on découpe le liteau de façon à former une entretoise présentant une longueur correspondant approximativement (longueur égale ou légèrement inférieure) à cet écartement.Each spacer is advantageously obtained from a batten, preferably of wood. The batten is directly used as a spacer if it is provided in a length equal to or slightly less than the spacing (dimension at the junction) between the two consecutive frame members; if it is provided in a longer length, the batten is cut to form a spacer having a length corresponding approximately (length equal to or slightly less than) this spacing.

Avantageusement, le procédé selon l'invention présente l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • les pièces d'assemblage utilisées sont en un matériau apte à être perforé par une agrafeuse électrique de puissance inférieure à 300 watt ou une agrafeuse pneumatique apte à planter des agrafes de 14 mm dans du bois ;
  • les pièces d'assemblage utilisées sont en un matériau polymérique synthétique, tel qu'un polyamide, une polyoléfine, un polypropylène, un polyéthylène, un polyester, un polymère vinylique, un polymère styrénique, un polymère acrylique, un polyuréthanne, un polycarbonate, un époxyde... ;
  • on utilise des pièces d'assemblage dont la membrure de fixation est constituée d'une plaque plane adaptée pour être plaquée contre la face de réception du matériau d'un chevron ou d'une entretoise et dont la membrure de support d'entretoise comprend une âme et deux ailes formant un cavalier dans lequel peut être emboîtée l'extrémité axiale d'une entretoise, la plaque plane s'étendant dans un plan parallèle au plan de l'âme et distant de celui-ci d'une hauteur correspondant à un coté de la section droite de l'entretoise. L'entretoise est ainsi accouplée à une pièce d'assemblage par emboîtement de son extrémité axiale dans le cavalier de ladite pièce d'assemblage et sa face opposée à la face en appui sur l'âme se situe sensiblement au niveau de la face de réception du matériau de l'élément de charpente auquel elle est fixée;
  • ledit cavalier est avantageusement adapté pour pouvoir recevoir en force et retenir l'extrémité axiale de l'entretoise. Ses ailes présentent par exemple un écartement minimal au repos inférieur au grand côté d'une section droite de l'entretoise, et possèdent une élasticité d'une part suffisamment importante pour permettre un encastrement en force de l'entretoise dans le cavalier, et d'autre part suffisamment faible pour imposer une force de rappel élastique sur l'entretoise maintenant cette dernière dans le cavalier.
Advantageously, the method according to the invention has one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the assembly parts used are made of a material that can be perforated by an electric stapler with a power of less than 300 watts or a pneumatic stapler capable of planting 14 mm staples in wood;
  • the assembly parts used are made of a synthetic polymeric material, such as a polyamide, a polyolefin, a polypropylene, a polyethylene, a polyester, a vinyl polymer, a styrenic polymer, an acrylic polymer, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a epoxy ...;
  • fastening members are used, the fastening chord of which consists of a flat plate adapted to be pressed against the receiving face of the material of a chevron or a spacer and whose spacer support member comprises a core and two wings forming a jumper in which can be nested the axial end of a spacer, the flat plate extending in a plane parallel to the plane of the soul and remote thereof from a height corresponding to a next to the cross section of the spacer. The spacer is thus coupled to an assembly piece by interlocking its axial end in the jumper of said assembly part and its face opposite to the face bearing on the core is substantially at the level of the receiving face. the material of the structural member to which it is attached;
  • said rider is advantageously adapted to be able to receive force and retain the axial end of the spacer. Its wings have for example a minimum spacing at rest below the long side of a cross section of the spacer, and have an elasticity on the one hand large enough to allow embedding in force of the spacer in the rider, and d on the other hand low enough to impose an elastic restoring force on the spacer now the latter in the rider.

Avantageusement et selon l'invention, on agrafe chaque extrémité axiale de l'entretoise à la membrure de support d'entretoise de la pièce d'assemblage associée.Advantageously and according to the invention, each axial end of the spacer is stapled to the spacer support chord of the associated assembly part.

Avantageusement Les pièces d'assemblage présentent l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques précédemment définies. Par ailleurs, les liteaux sont de préférence en bois et présentent une section droite de dimensions choisies parmi : 27/27, 27/40, 40/40 (dimensions des côtés de la section en millimètres). En d'autres termes, il s'agit de liteaux en bois usuellement utilisés dans l'industrie du bâtiment.Advantageously, the assembly pieces have one or more of the previously defined characteristics. Furthermore, the battens are preferably of wood and have a cross section of dimensions selected from: 27/27, 27/40, 40/40 (dimensions of the sides of the section in millimeters). In other words, it is wooden battens usually used in the building industry.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante qui se réfère aux figures annexées représentant des modes de réalisation préférentiels de l'invention, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description which refers to the appended figures. representative of preferred embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of non-limiting examples.

La figure 1 illustre un procédé de pose sous chevrons selon l'invention.The figure 1 illustrates a method of laying under chevrons according to the invention.

La figure 2 illustre un procédé de pose sur chevrons selon l'invention.The figure 2 illustrates a method of laying on rafters according to the invention.

La figure 3 est une vue schématique en perspective de la pièce d'assemblage utilisée dans les procédés des figures 1 et 2.The figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the assembly part used in the processes of the figures 1 and 2 .

La figure 4 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'assemblage.The figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of an assembly part.

La charpente illustrée sur la figure 1 comprend des pannes 1 s'étendant sensiblement horizontalement, et des chevrons 2 en bois s'étendant sensiblement selon la pente du toit. La figure 1 illustre un procédé de pose d'un matériau isolant 3 mince multicouche, dans lequel les lés de matériau isolant sont posés horizontalement sous les chevrons, par une personne évoluant à l'intérieur du bâtiment, sous la charpente : le matériau isolant est ainsi appliqué contre les faces inférieures 6 des chevrons (faces orientées vers l'intérieur du bâtiment), dites faces de réception du matériau, lesquelles faces définissent le plan de pose du matériau. Les lés sont agencés préférentiellement en partant du faîtage et en descendant vers la panne sablière, de façon à former une étendue isolante continue (dans le plan de pose) entre les pannes de la charpente (il n'est pas nécessaire de recouvrir les pannes de matériau isolant). La jonction horizontale 7 entre deux lés successifs est effectuée par superposition : le bord longitudinal supérieur du lé inférieur 5 vient recouvrir le bord longitudinal inférieur du lé supérieur 4, sur une largeur comprise entre 5 et 10 cm.The carpentry illustrated on the figure 1 comprises failures 1 extending substantially horizontally, and wooden rafters 2 extending substantially along the slope of the roof. The figure 1 illustrates a method of laying a multilayer thin insulating material 3, wherein the strips of insulating material are laid horizontally under the rafters, by a person moving inside the building, under the frame: the insulating material is thus applied against the lower faces 6 of the rafters (facing towards the inside of the building), said receiving surfaces of the material, which faces define the laying plane of the material. The strips are arranged preferentially starting from the ridge and down to the sand pit fault, so as to form a continuous insulating area (in the laying plane) between the breakdowns of the frame (it is not necessary to cover the failures of insulating material). The horizontal junction 7 between two successive strips is made by superposition: the upper longitudinal edge of the lower leg 5 covers the lower longitudinal edge of the upper l4, a width between 5 and 10 cm.

Lorsque le lé supérieur 3 est posé et est par exemple fixé aux chevrons 2 par agrafage, on agence une entretoise 8 à la jonction horizontale 7, entre chaque paire de chevrons 2 consécutifs, et l'on assemble ladite entretoise aux deux chevrons à l'aide de deux pièces d'assemblage 9.When the upper leg 3 is placed and is for example fixed to the rafters 2 by stapling, a spacer 8 is arranged at the horizontal junction 7, between each pair of consecutive chevrons 2, and said spacer is assembled with the two chevrons at the using two pieces of assembly 9.

L'entretoise 8 est une barre prismatique de section droite carrée ou rectangulaire, et dont la longueur est égale ou légèrement inférieure à l'écartement des deux chevrons. Dans la pratique, elle est débitée dans un liteau en bois de section 27/27, 27/40 ou 40/40 (dimensions en millimètres).The spacer 8 is a prismatic bar of square or rectangular cross section and whose length is equal to or slightly less than the spacing of the two chevrons. In practice, it is debited in a wooden batten section 27/27, 27/40 or 40/40 (dimensions in millimeters).

Chaque pièce d'assemblage 9 (illustrée sur la figure 3) comprend d'une part une membrure de fixation 10, formée par une plaque plane 15 dont la face 32 est adaptée pour être plaquée contre la face 6 de réception du matériau d'un chevron. La pièce d'assemblage 9 comprend d'autre part une membrure de support d'entretoise 11 réalisée par un cavalier 16 en forme de U, lequel cavalier comprend une âme 12 et deux ailes 13, 14 en regard. Le cavalier 16 délimite un logement de réception d'une extrémité axiale d'une entretoise. De préférence, l'écartement entre ses ailes 13 et 14 est égal ou légèrement supérieur au grand côté de la section droite de l'entretoise. On peut ainsi positionner l'entretoise 8 dans le cavalier 16 de telle sorte que le grand côté de sa section droite s'étende parallèlement à l'âme 12 ; l'entretoise offre alors une face d'appui inférieure 17 la plus large possible. Par ailleurs, la distance entre l'âme 12 et la plaque plane 15 (qui correspond à la hauteur des ailes 13, 14) est de préférence sensiblement égale au petit côté de la section droite de l'entretoise. Ainsi, lorsque l'entretoise est accouplée à la pièce d'assemblage 9 comme précédemment expliqué, la face d'appui inférieure 17 de l'entretoise est sensiblement coplanaire à la plaque plane 15 ; cette face 17 s'étend sensiblement dans le plan de pose. Cela étant, si la distance entre l'âme 12 et la plaque plane 15 des pièces d'assemblage est supérieure au petit côté de la section droite de l'entretoise, il reste possible de positionner la face inférieure 17 de l'entretoise dans le plan de pose (dans ce cas, la face supérieure de l'entretoise n'est pas plaquée contre l'âme 12) et de fixer, dans cette position, l'entretoise à la pièce d'assemblage par agrafage.Each assembly part 9 (illustrated on the figure 3 ) comprises on the one hand a fastening chord 10, formed by a flat plate 15 whose face 32 is adapted to be pressed against the face 6 for receiving the material of a chevron. The assembly part 9 further comprises a spacer support member 11 made by a U-shaped rider 16, which rider comprises a core 12 and two flanges 13, 14 facing each other. The jumper 16 delimits a housing receiving an axial end of a spacer. Preferably, the spacing between its wings 13 and 14 is equal to or slightly greater than the long side of the cross section of the spacer. It is thus possible to position the spacer 8 in the jumper 16 so that the long side of its cross section extends parallel to the core 12; the spacer then offers a lower bearing surface 17 as wide as possible. Furthermore, the distance between the core 12 and the flat plate 15 (which corresponds to the height of the flanges 13, 14) is preferably substantially equal to the short side of the cross section of the spacer. Thus, when the spacer is coupled to the assembly part 9 as previously explained, the lower bearing face 17 of the spacer is substantially coplanar with the flat plate 15; this face 17 extends substantially in the laying plane. However, if the distance between the core 12 and the flat plate 15 of the assembly parts is greater than the short side of the cross section of the spacer, it remains possible to position the lower face 17 of the spacer in the laying plane (in this case, the upper face of the spacer is not pressed against the core 12) and to fix, in this position, the spacer to the assembly part by stapling.

Pour assembler une entretoise 8 à deux chevrons 2 consécutifs, on procède de préférence comme suit : on fixe une première pièce d'assemblage à l'un -premier- des chevrons au niveau de la jonction horizontale entre les lés de matériau isolant, en plaquant la face 32 de la plaque plane 15 de ladite pièce d'assemblage contre la face inférieure 6 du chevron et en agrafant ladite plaque 15 audit chevron à l'aide d'une agrafeuse électrique 18 ; on positionne, dans la première pièce d'assemblage, l'extrémité axiale d'une entretoise portant une deuxième pièce d'assemblage à son extrémité opposée, en vue de déterminer l'emplacement de cette deuxième pièce d'assemblage relativement au deuxième chevron ; on agrafe la plaque plane 15 de la deuxième pièce d'assemblage au deuxième chevron ; on fixe ensuite l'entretoise aux deux pièces d'assemblage, en agrafant chaque extrémité axiale de l'entretoise à au moins l'une des ailes 13, 14 de la pièce d'assemblage associée. On peut aussi placer toutes les pièces d'assemblage nécessaires à la jonction horizontale, à l'aide d'une entretoise utilisée, comme précédemment expliqué, pour contrôler l'alignement des diverses pièces d'assemblage ; on vient ensuite agencer une entretoise entre les deux chevrons de chaque paire de chevrons consécutifs, en encastrant les deux extrémités axiales de l'entretoise dans les deux pièces d'assemblage préalablement mises en place, et on agrafant chaque extrémité de l'entretoise à l'une des ailes 13, 14 (ou aux deux ailes) de la pièce d'assemblage associée. Selon la dimension des chevrons, il n'est pas impossible que les deux pièces d'assemblage 9 fixées au même chevron se chevauchent légèrement telle qu'illustré sur la figure 1, sans que cela ne porte un quelconque préjudice (la surépaisseur occasionnée est absorbée par le matériau isolant).To assemble a spacer 8 with two consecutive chevrons 2, the procedure is preferably as follows: a first joining piece is attached to one of the first chevrons at the horizontal junction between the strips of insulating material, plating the face 32 of the flat plate 15 of said assembly part against the lower face 6 of the chevron and by stapling said plate 15 to said chevron with the aid of an electric stapler 18; in the first assembly part, the axial end of a spacer bearing a second assembly piece at its opposite end, to determine the location of this second assembly part relative to the second chevron; the flat plate 15 of the second joining piece is stapled to the second chevron; the spacer is then attached to the two assembly parts, by stapling each axial end of the spacer to at least one of the flanges 13, 14 of the associated assembly part. It is also possible to place all the assembly parts required for the horizontal junction, using a spacer used, as previously explained, to control the alignment of the various assembly parts; then comes to arrange a spacer between the two chevrons of each pair of consecutive chevrons, by embedding the two axial ends of the spacer in the two assembly parts previously put in place, and stapling each end of the spacer to the one of the wings 13, 14 (or both wings) of the associated assembly part. Depending on the size of the rafters, it is not impossible that the two pieces of assembly 9 fixed to the same chevron overlap slightly as illustrated on the figure 1 , without any prejudice (the extra thickness is absorbed by the insulating material).

En variante, pour chaque paire de chevrons consécutifs, on assemble préalablement une entretoise et deux pièces d'assemblage, en fixant par agrafage lesdites pièces d'assemblage aux extrémités axiales de l'entretoise ; puis on agence l'entretoise entre les deux chevrons en plaquant la plaque plane de chacune des pièces d'assemblage contre la face inférieure 6 d'un chevron ; et l'on fixe chaque pièce d'assemblage au chevron associé, en agrafant sa plaque plane 15 audit chevron.Alternatively, for each pair of consecutive chevrons, is previously assembled a spacer and two pieces of assembly, fixing by stapling said connecting parts at the axial ends of the spacer; then arranging the spacer between the two rafters by plating the flat plate of each of the assembly parts against the lower face 6 of a chevron; and attaching each connecting piece to the associated chevron, stapling its flat plate 15 to said chevron.

On agence ainsi (selon l'une ou l'autre des méthodes précédemment décrites) autant d'entretoises que de paires de chevrons consécutifs sur l'intégralité de la jonction horizontale 7. On pose ensuite le lé de matériau isolant inférieur 5, que l'on agrafe aux chevrons 2.Thus, according to one or the other of the methods previously described, as many spacers are spaced as pairs of consecutive chevrons over the entire horizontal junction 7. The lower insulating material layer 5 is then laid, which the it is stitched to the rafters 2.

On agrafe également, simultanément ou successivement, les deux lés de matériau isolant 4 et 5 à chaque entretoise 8. Le matériau isolant est ainsi fixé de façon pérenne à la charpente, et la jonction 7 ne risque pas de s'ouvrir. On colle ensuite un ruban adhésif 37 à cheval sur les deux lés 4 et 5, sur les faces frontales des lés orientées vers l'intérieur du bâtiment (c'est-à-dire sur les films intérieurs de finition des lés), afin d'obtenir une jonction horizontale 7 parfaitement étanche à l'air.The two strips of insulating material 4 and 5 are also stapled simultaneously or successively to each spacer 8. The insulating material is thus permanently fixed to the framework and the junction 7 is not likely to open. An adhesive tape 37 is then adhered to the two strips 4 and 5 on the front faces of the strips facing the interior of the building (that is to say on the interior finishing films of the strips) in order to obtain a horizontal junction 7 perfectly airtight.

Chaque jonction verticale 39 entre deux lés de matériau isolant est réalisée de façon similaire, à l'aide d'une part d'entretoises 36 agencées selon la pente du toit, entre deux pannes 1 ou entre deux entretoises horizontales 8 ou entre une panne 1 et une entretoise horizontale 8, et d'autre part de pièces d'assemblage 9 et/ou 38. Le bord d'extrémité de chacun des deux lés successifs est fixé par agrafage à l'entretoise 36. Un ruban adhésif est collé à cheval sur les deux lés pour obtenir une jonction étanche à l'air.Each vertical junction 39 between two strips of insulating material is made in a similar way, using one hand of spacers 36 arranged according to the slope of the roof, between two failures 1 or between two horizontal spacers 8 or between a fault 1 and a horizontal spacer 8, and on the other hand assembly parts 9 and / or 38. The end edge of each of the two successive strips is fixed by stapling to the spacer 36. An adhesive tape is glued on horseback on both sides to obtain an airtight junction.

La figure 2 illustre un procédé de pose du matériau isolant 3, dans lequel les lés de matériau isolant sont posés horizontalement sur les chevrons, par une personne évoluant à l'extérieur du bâtiment, sur la charpente : le matériau isolant est ainsi appliqué contre les faces supérieures 19 des chevrons (faces orientées vers l'extérieur du bâtiment), dites faces de réception du matériau, qui définissent le plan de pose du matériau. Les lés sont agencés préférentiellement en partant de la panne sablière et en montant vers le faîtage, de façon à former une étendue isolante continue dans tout le plan de pose, sans interruption au niveau des pannes 1. Dès qu'un lé est posé, des liteaux horizontaux 23 de support de couverture (liteaux destinés à supporter la couverture de la toiture, qui peut être en tuiles, ardoises, tôles ou autres panneaux...) sont placés sur le lé et fixés aux chevrons, le cas échéant par l'intermédiaire d'une contrelatte pour la ventilation de sous couverture ; ils forment une sorte d'échelle à laquelle la personne réalisant l'isolation peut monter (en regard d'un chevron) en vue poser le lé suivant. La jonction horizontale 20 entre deux lés successifs est effectuée par superposition : le bord longitudinal inférieur du lé supérieur 21 vient recouvrir le bord longitudinal supérieur du lé inférieur 20, sur une largeur comprise entre 5 et 10 cm.The figure 2 illustrates a method of laying the insulating material 3, in which the strips of insulating material are laid horizontally on the rafters, by a person moving outside the building, on the frame: the insulating material is thus applied against the upper faces 19 chevrons (faces oriented towards the outside of the building), said receiving surfaces of the material, which define the laying plane of the material. The strips are arranged preferentially starting from the sand pit fault and climbing towards the ridge, so as to form a continuous insulating area throughout the laying plane, without interruption at the level of the faults. horizontal battens 23 of roof support (battens intended to support the roof covering, which may be tiles, slates, sheets or other panels ...) shall be placed on the roof and fixed to the rafters, where appropriate by the intermediate of a contrelatte for the ventilation of under cover; they form a kind of ladder to which the person carrying out the insulation can climb (opposite a chevron) to pose the next one. The horizontal junction 20 between two successive strips is made by superposition: the lower longitudinal edge of the upper lane 21 covers the upper longitudinal edge of the lower lane 20, over a width of between 5 and 10 cm.

Lorsque le lé inférieur 22 est posé et est par exemple fixé aux chevrons 2 par agrafage, on agence une entretoise 8 à la jonction horizontale 20, entre chaque paire de chevrons 2 consécutifs, et l'on assemble ladite entretoise aux deux chevrons à l'aide de deux pièces d'assemblage 9. Pour faciliter l'agencement de cette entretoise, le lé inférieur 22 n'est préalablement agrafé aux chevrons 2 que sur une portion inférieure de sa hauteur (c'est-à-dire de sa largeur). Compte tenu de la souplesse du matériau isolant, le lé peut ainsi être replié le long de son bord supérieur 24 pour permettre de positionner l'entretoise sous le lé à proximité dudit bord supérieur. L'entretoise 8 est assemblée aux chevrons 2 comme suit : à chacune des extrémités axiales de l'entretoise, on fixe une pièce d'assemblage au chevron, en plaquant la face 32 de la plaque plane 15 de ladite pièce d'assemblage sur la face supérieure 19 (de réception du matériau) du chevron et en agrafant ladite plaque plane au chevron, et on accouple l'extrémité axiale de l'entretoise à la pièce d'assemblage, en encastrant ladite extrémité axiale dans le cavalier 16 de la pièce d'assemblage. La face supérieure 34 de l'entretoise s'étend sensiblement dans le plan de pose. A noter qu'il n'est pas nécessaire d'agrafer l'extrémité de l'entretoise à la pièce d'assemblage, considérant que l'âme 12 du cavalier de la pièce d'assemblage supporte efficacement l'entretoise (notamment lors de l'agrafage à l'entretoise des lés de matériau isolant) et qu'il est peu probable que l'entretoise sorte des cavaliers 16 la supportant sous l'effet de vents violents par exemple.When the lower leg 22 is placed and is for example fixed to the rafters 2 by stapling, a spacer 8 is arranged at the horizontal junction 20, between each pair of consecutive chevrons 2, and said spacer is assembled to two chevrons with two pieces of assembly 9. To facilitate the arrangement of this spacer, the lower leg 22 is previously stapled to the rafters 2 only on a lower portion of its height (ie say of its width). Given the flexibility of the insulating material, the lé can be folded along its upper edge 24 to allow positioning the spacer under the lé near said upper edge. The spacer 8 is assembled to the rafters 2 as follows: at each of the axial ends of the spacer, an assembly piece is fixed to the chevron, by plating the face 32 of the flat plate 15 of said assembly part on the upper face 19 (receiving the material) of the chevron and stapling said flat plate chevron, and the axial end of the spacer is coupled to the assembly part, by embedding said axial end in the jumper 16 of the part assembly. The upper face 34 of the spacer extends substantially in the laying plane. Note that it is not necessary to staple the end of the spacer to the assembly part, considering that the core 12 of the jumper of the assembly part effectively supports the spacer (especially when staple spacer spacer strips of insulating material) and it is unlikely that the spacer out jumpers 16 supporting it under the effect of high winds, for example.

On agence ainsi autant d'entretoises 8 que de paires de chevrons consécutifs sur l'intégralité de la jonction horizontale 20. On pose ensuite le lé de matériau isolant supérieur 21, que l'on agrafe aux chevrons 2. On fixe également, simultanément ou successivement, les deux lés de matériau isolant 22 et 21 à chaque entretoise 8, par des agrafes 25. On colle enfin un ruban adhésif 35 à cheval sur les deux lés 22 et 21, de préférence en recouvrant les agrafes 25 (ce qui limite le nombre de perforations réalisées dans le matériau et qui restent exposées à l'eau ou à la neige). Les entretoises 8 offrent un appui aux lés de matériau isolant au niveau de la jonction horizontale 20, c'est-à-dire sous le ruban ou sous une portion de celui-ci ou à proximité immédiate de celui-ci, qui facilite le collage dudit ruban.Thus, as many spacers 8 as consecutive pairs of chevrons are arranged on the entire horizontal junction 20. The upper insulating material 21 is then laid, which is fastened to the rafters 2. successively, the two strips of insulating material 22 and 21 to each spacer 8, by staples 25. Finally adhesive adhesive tape 35 is mounted on the two strips 22 and 21, preferably covering the staples 25 (which limits the number of perforations in the material that remain exposed to water or snow). The spacers 8 provide support for the strips of insulating material at the horizontal junction 20, that is to say under the ribbon or under a portion thereof or in the immediate vicinity thereof, which facilitates the bonding said ribbon.

On note que tant les entretoises verticales 36 que les entretoises horizontales 8 sont posées « à la demande », c'est-à-dire à l'endroit exact où elles sont nécessaires pour assurer une jonction entre deux lés. Le procédé de pose selon l'invention permet ainsi avantageusement de s'adapter à des formes de charpente dans lesquelles l'écartement entre chevrons ou entre pannes est variable et différent d'un multiple entier des dimensions du matériau isolant.It is noted that both the vertical struts 36 and the horizontal struts 8 are placed "on demand", that is to say at the exact place where they are necessary to ensure a junction between two strips. The laying method according to the invention thus advantageously makes it possible to adapt to forms of framework in which the spacing between chevrons or between failures is variable and different from an integer multiple of the dimensions of the insulating material.

En outre, les pièces d'assemblage en matériau synthétique utilisées dans le procédé selon l'invention sont réalisées dans une combinaison d'épaisseur de paroi et de matériau propre à permettre leur agrafage sur les éléments de charpente au moyen de la même agrafeuse que celle utilisée pour la fixation du matériau isolant. De cette manière, la personne réalisant l'isolation n'a pas besoin de changer d'outil pour poser une entretoise et exécute cet agrafage très rapidement au contraire de ce qui serait nécessaire pour des pièces d'assemblage métalliques ou d'une dureté telle qu'il faille utiliser des clous ou des vis au travers d'orifices ménagés à cet effet pour les fixer.In addition, the assembly parts made of synthetic material used in the process according to the invention are made in a combination of wall thickness and material suitable to allow them to be stapled to the frame members by means of the same stapler as that used for fixing the insulating material. In this way, the person performing the insulation does not need to change tools to install a spacer and performs this stapling very quickly contrary to what would be necessary for metal fasteners or a hardness such as nails or screws must be used through openings provided for this purpose to secure them.

La figure 4 illustre un autre mode de réalisation d'une pièce d'assemblage utilisée dans le procédé selon l'invention. Cette pièce d'assemblage 26 comprend d'une part une membrure de fixation formée d'une portion 27 d'une plaque plane, dont la face 33 est destinée à être plaquée contre la face de réception du matériau d'un chevron. La pièce d'assemblage 26 comprend d'autre part une membrure de support d'entretoise sous la forme d'un cavalier 28, lequel cavalier est constitué par une âme 29, réalisée par une autre portion de ladite plaque plane, et deux ailes 30, 31. En pose sous chevrons, l'extrémité axiale de l'entretoise, encastrée dans le cavalier 28, est supportée par l'âme 29 dudit cavalier ; il n'est donc pas indispensable d'agrafer l'entretoise à la pièce d'assemblage. En pose sur chevrons, l'extrémité axiale de l'entretoise, encastrée dans le cavalier 28, est de préférence fixée par agrafage à l'une des (ou au deux) ailes 30, 31.The figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of an assembly part used in the method according to the invention. This assembly part 26 comprises firstly a fastening chord formed of a portion 27 of a flat plate, whose face 33 is intended to be pressed against the receiving face of the material of a chevron. The connecting piece 26 further comprises a spacer support chord in the form of a jumper 28, which jumper is constituted by a core 29, made by another portion of said flat plate, and two wings 30 , 31. When laying under chevrons, the axial end of the spacer, embedded in the rider 28, is supported by the core 29 of said rider; it is therefore not essential to staple the spacer to the assembly part. When laying on chevrons, the axial end of the spacer, embedded in the jumper 28, is preferably fixed by stapling to one (or both) wings 30, 31.

Il va de soi que l'invention peut faire l'objet de nombreuses variantes par rapport aux modes de réalisation décrits et illustrés, ces variantes étant comprises dans l'étendue de la protection des revendications.It goes without saying that the invention may be subject to numerous variations with respect to the embodiments described and illustrated, these variants being included in the scope of the protection of the claims.

En particulier, la pièce d'assemblage peut présenter des formes diverses et variées. Sa membrure de support d'entretoise ne forme pas nécessairement un cavalier : une simple plaque plane adaptée pour être agrafée contre une face (par exemple la face située dans le plan de pose) de l'entretoise est conforme à l'invention. En outre, lorsqu'elle forme un cavalier, cette membrure de support d'entretoise est avantageusement adaptée pour recevoir en force et retenir l'extrémité de l'entretoise, de sorte qu'il n'est pas nécessaire d'agrafer entre elles entretoise et pièce d'assemblage. Le procédé selon l'invention est ainsi encore plus rapide à mettre en oeuvre.In particular, the assembly piece can have various shapes and varied. Its spacer support member does not necessarily form a jumper: a simple flat plate adapted to be stapled against a face (for example the face in the laying plane) of the spacer is in accordance with the invention. In addition, when forming a jumper, this spacer support member is advantageously adapted to receive force and retain the end of the spacer, so that it is not necessary to staple between them spacer and assembly part. The method according to the invention is thus even faster to implement.

Claims (13)

  1. A method of laying, in a building roof, a flexible insulating material (3), called insulant, in the form of widths, said roof comprising a timber framework with rafters (2; and purlins (1), said rafters and purlins constituting framework elements, characterised in that
    in this method, the widths (4, 5; 21, 22) of insulant are laid in such a way as to form a continuous insulating area on the rafters or a continuous insulating area between the purlins under the rafters, the rafters having faces (6; 19), called insulant-receiving faces, defining a laying plane for the insulant,
    at each joint (7; 20; 39) between two successive widths of insulant:
    - a cross strut (8; 36) is arranged between two consecutive framework elements at the level of said joint, the cross strut being placed so as to present a face (17; 34) extending substantially in the laying plane and offering support in this plane to the two widths of insulant,
    - mounting elements (9, 38) are used, each comprising on the one hand a member (11), called a cross strut support member, capable of bearing an axial end of a cross strut and on the other hand a member (10), called a fixing member, capable of being fixed to a framework element by stapling,
    - the cross strut is joined to the two consecutive framework elements by way of two mounting elements, by coupling each axial end of the cross strut to the cross strut support member of one mounting element and stapling the fixing member of said mounting element to one of the framework elements.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that each of the two widths (4, 5; 21, 22) of insulant is fixed to the cross strut.
  3. A method according to one of claims 1 or 2, for laying a thin thermal insulant or a sub-roof membrane, characterised in that the two widths of insulant (4, 5; 21, 22) are superposed at the level of the cross strut (8).
  4. A method according to one of claims 1 or 2, for laying a thin thermal insulant comprising an outer protective film and an insulating thickness, characterised in that one of the widths is interposed between the insulating thickness and the outer protective film of the other width at the level of the cross strut.
  5. A method according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterised in that the two widths (4, 5; 21, 22) of insulant are fixes simultaneously to the cross strut (8) by stapling.
  6. A method according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the strips of insulant are laid on rafters, characterised in that an adhesive tape (35) is glued astride the outer protective films of the two widths (21, 22) of insulant.
  7. A method according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the widths of insulant are laid under rafters, characterised in that an adhesive tape (37) is glued astride the inner finishing films of the two widths (4, 5) of insulant.
  8. A method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the mounting elements (9) used are made of a synthetic polymeric material.
  9. A method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that mounting elements (9) are used whose fixing member consists of a flat plate (15) capable of being laid flat against the insulant-receiving face of a rafter or a cross strut.
  10. A method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that mounting elements (38) are used whose fixing member consists of a flat plate capable of being laid flat against a vertical face of a purlin.
  11. A method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that mounting elements (9) are used whose cross strut support member consists of a web (12) and two wings (13, 14) forming a bracket (16) into which the axial end of a cross strut may be fitted.
  12. A method according to claim 11, characterised in that said bracket (16) is capable of receiving and retaining a forced-in axial end of the cross strut.
  13. A method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that each axial end of the cross strut (8) is stapled to the cross strut support member (11) of the associated mounting element.
EP08167904A 2007-10-31 2008-10-30 Method of installing an insulating material and set of corresponding installation accessories Not-in-force EP2055861B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0707670A FR2922918B1 (en) 2007-10-31 2007-10-31 METHOD FOR THE INSTALLATION OF INSULATING MATERIAL AND CORRESPONDING INSTALLATION ACCESSORY ASSEMBLY.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2055861A1 EP2055861A1 (en) 2009-05-06
EP2055861B1 true EP2055861B1 (en) 2011-01-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08167904A Not-in-force EP2055861B1 (en) 2007-10-31 2008-10-30 Method of installing an insulating material and set of corresponding installation accessories

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EP (1) EP2055861B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE495325T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602008004400D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2922918B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362564A (en) * 1971-07-10 1974-08-07 Houghton J Joist brackets for buildings
GB1551708A (en) * 1975-05-20 1979-08-30 Mikkelsen C E B Timber connectors
DK267176A (en) * 1976-06-15 1977-12-16 Christensen A S V M ROOF COVER OR ROAD CONSTRUCTION ICE FOR BUILDINGS WITH INTERIOR BEARING OF STEEL OR WOOD BEAMS
DE7720472U1 (en) * 1976-07-13 1977-10-27 Vki-Rheinhold & Mahla Ag, 6800 Mannheim Removable substructure created from a set of components
GB1564752A (en) * 1978-02-16 1980-04-16 Grindrod J Device for mounting timber joists and like members in brickwork
DE3106299A1 (en) 1981-02-20 1982-09-09 Walter 2200 Elmshorn Schneider Device for fastening insulating mats or panels arranged between in each case two rafters of a wooden roof structure covered by means of roofing tiles or the like
US4466223A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-08-21 Gang-Nail Systems, Inc. Insulation support clip
US4736552A (en) * 1984-10-03 1988-04-12 Ward Lonnie R Roof insulation system and method of fabrication therefor
EP0218375B1 (en) * 1985-09-10 1992-06-03 Pre-Formed Components Limited Fire protection for floors and ceilings
GB8703135D0 (en) * 1987-02-11 1987-03-18 Hemsworth J A Connector
US4920725A (en) * 1989-02-14 1990-05-01 Truswal Systems Corporation Self-gripping hanger device
US5119612A (en) * 1990-05-11 1992-06-09 Energy Blanket Of Texas, Inc. Insulated roof structure with fire resistant panels mounted thereon
GB9916839D0 (en) * 1999-07-20 1999-09-22 Marlow & Company Limited Metal hanger for use in the building industry

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EP2055861A1 (en) 2009-05-06
ATE495325T1 (en) 2011-01-15
FR2922918B1 (en) 2011-05-13
DE602008004400D1 (en) 2011-02-24
FR2922918A1 (en) 2009-05-01

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