FR2631646A1 - Roof lining element intended to be used for attaching to the tiles of a roof, and roof lining formed with this element - Google Patents

Abstract

The roof lining element consists of a sheet 1 made in one piece and of an impermeable, non-rotting material intended to be fixed by nailing or screwing on the rafters 2 of the roof frame and having on its upper face integrated elongate projections 3 intended for the attachment of the roof tiles. This element is easy to lay and makes it possible to dispense with the need for arranging conventional battens.

Description

Under-cover element intended to be used for hanging on the tiles of a cover and under-cover produced with this element.

 When insulating a roof with strips of insulating material placed between the rafters of the frame, it is customary to provide for the installation of an under-cover between these strips and the roof in roof tiles.

 This underlay is usually composed of a flat covering covered with a counter-battening or sub-battening.

 The covering is made up of sheets of flexible plastic material, reinforced or not, or rigid flat plates, nailed to the rafters. The counter battening is composed of wooden slats fixed along and plumb to the rafters by nails passing through the covering.

 Next to the counter battening, the battens proper for hanging the roof tiles are then fixed. This battening is composed of wooden slats nailed transversely to and on those of the counter battening, in position parallel to each other and spaced apart by a pitch corresponding to that of the tiles, extended in a direction perpendicular to the slope of the roof and the usual cross section of which is square or rectangular. The tiles have heels or lugs intended for their attachment to the battens slats during their installation.

 In this insulation arrangement, the covering of the under-covering is provided to prevent both the infiltration of condensation water into the strips of insulating material and the exchange of hot air and cold air through these between the outside and the underside of the roof. The counter-battening of the underlay is provided for its part to ensure good ventilation between the covering and the tiles and thus avoid the rotting of the wooden slats of the batten for hanging the tiles by the condensation water.

 However, the establishment of such an advantageous isolation arrangement in itself by its technical effects is not without drawbacks.

 Indeed, the laying of the covering, the counter-battening and the battening is carried out by a succession of distinct, long and laborious operations, as much to ensure the correct positioning of the slats at the desired locations and spacings as to ensure their fixing by nailing. On sloping roofs, the installation of the counter battening which precedes the installation of the batten can also be dangerous for the installer, by the absence of retaining elements in the direction of the slope at this stage of the work. Finally, the method of fixing by nailing the covering and the battens of the counter battening and battening requires the use of numerous nails which, by their penetration into the very heart of the rafters, multiply the points of risk of water infiltration and, as a result, decay.

 The object of the invention is to produce a roof underlay element at least partially devoid of the aforementioned drawbacks, simple and easy to install.

It also aims to achieve an undercover.

ture obtained from said element.

 To this end, the under-cover element according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of a single-piece sheet (1) of impermeable, non-putrescible material having, on one of its two faces, integrated elongated projections (3), parallel to each other, of straight section specific to the attachment of the tiles, and spaced from one another by a pitch (P) corresponding to the pitch of the latter in the direction of the slope of the roof.

 As for the undercover, made up of elements according to the invention, it is characterized in that the sheets are butted together at least in one direction, and in that it comprises at least one element supply (4, 11) intended to be extended along the zone of abutment of two sheets to prevent the penetration of water under the roof by this zone, the supply element being made of impermeable materials non-putrescible ables. In this way, the under-covering element thus designed makes it possible to completely eliminate the operations of positioning and nailing the slats of the lathing for hanging the tiles of the roof, this lathing being here constituted by the projections integrated into the element.

 The choice of a non-putrescible waterproof material for the production of this element eliminates the need to ventilate under the tiles and therefore eliminates the need for the prior installation of a counter batten.

 Of these two facts the nailing operations are summarized in the simple nailing of the under-covering on the rafters of the frame, which considerably reduces the number of nails necessary and consequently the points of risk of infiltration of water in these rafters .

 In addition, the elimination of the installation of a counter batten eliminates the risk of accidents inherent in the absence of retaining elements in the direction of the slope of the roof during this installation.

 The same effects are obtained in the case of the sub-covering, the extended contribution element along the abutment zone being also provided in impermeable, non-putrescible material.

 The appended drawing represents, by way of examples, an embodiment of the element according to the invention, an embodiment of the undercover, as well as five variants of a common structural detail.

 Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of the undercover element.

 Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the undercover.

 Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are respectively five cross sections of the five variants of the structural detail.

 The under-covering element represented in FIG. 1 is constituted by a carpet 1 of a single piece, made of non-putrescible waterproof material intended to be posed by nailing or by screwing on the rafters 2 of a roofing panel, represented also on this figure to fix ideas.

The carpet 1 has on its upper face integrated elongated projections 3 which are parallel to each other, of straight section suitable for the attachment of the tiles, here triangular, and spaced apart from one another by the pitch
P corresponding to the pitch of the tiles intended to be laid, this pitch being considered in the direction of the slope of the roof.

 This element is advantageously suitable for the mass production of small-sized habitats such as, for example, holiday homes, as well as for the construction of small garages or hangars.

 The material used for the realization of the carpet 1 in one piece with its integrated projections 3 can be chosen in this case in elastic plastic material for forming by extrusion or in galvanized steel of small thickness formed by rolling or folding.

 The folds resulting from the formation of the hooking projections 3 of the tiles constitute longitudinal stiffeners ensuring the rigidity of the carpet in the transverse direction of the rafters 2, however that a certain flexibility inherent in the semi-elasticity of the material is obtained in the direction of these latter.

 In this way, in addition to the advantages already described inherent in the design of the element according to the invention, the carpet thus produced lends itself to being wound on itself around the direction of its projections. This makes it possible to considerably reduce its size for transport and to facilitate its installation using a crane on the rafters 2 of a roof structure.

Indeed, for this last operation, the carpet wrapped around a spindle suspended from the crane can be brought onto the roof, then its upper edge nailed or screwed onto the rafters 2 and finally unrolled along the slope of the roof.

 The choice of the material constituting the carpet can be dictated by other criteria, provided that it is waterproof and non-putrescible.

 Thus, for reduced dimensions of the carpet 1 allowing its transport in the standards of road or rail traffic in the unrolled state, the material used can be chosen rigid, such as for example a material based on synthetic resin laminated with fabrics of- fiberglass, or sheet steel.

 This choice may be preferred in particular for the production of a carpet in a number of pieces equal to or greater than two, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and which may be preferably chosen for covering building roofs .

 The undercover shown in FIG. 2 comprises a carpet in several pieces, four of which, 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D are partially visible, abutted against one another in one direction and arranged with partial overlap in the other, and a plurality of filler elements, here in the form of gutters, one of which 4 is partially visible and which are extended along the zone of abutment of the parts of the carpet to prevent the penetration of water under the roofing by this area.

 Each of the pieces 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D of the carpet, as in the first embodiment, has on its upper face integrated elongated projections 3 parallel to each other, also of triangular section suitable for hanging tiles and spaced apart l 'from each other with a pitch P corresponding to the pitch of these in the direction of the roof slope. These pieces of carpet, preferably square or ourectangular shape are abutted one against the other in the direction of their projections, 1A against 1B respectively 1C against 1D, and their width in this direction is provided by a value multiple of the between the axes of the rafters so that each zone or line of abutment is located directly above one of them.

 In the direction of the slope of the roof, the pieces 1A-1C respectively 1B-1D of the carpet are laid with a certain overlap, the lower edge of a piece coming to cover the upper edge of the piece being downstream.

 The gutters 4,. Which can be made with the same material as the parts of the carpet or with a different material, here of slightly open U-shaped section are fixed to the rafters 2 in the direction of their length under the abutment lines of the parts of the mat 1A-1B respectively 1C-1D. When more than one gutter 4 is needed along an abutment line, they are laid overlapping in the same manner as parts 1A-1C and 1B-1D of the carpet.

 Seals, not shown, such as, for example, strips of compressible neoprene or polyurethane foam with closed cells, can be interposed between the raised edges of the gutters 4 and the underside of the carpet pieces 1A-1B and 1C- 1D abutted to their plumb in order to obtain an additional sealing effect at this level, when this effect is desirable.

 Thus produced in the form of a gutter 4 extended along a rafter in the direction of the slope of the roof, the contribution element has the advantage of constituting at the same time a means of vertical ventilation of the space. this included between the tiles and the underlay carpet.

 In this design of the filler element intended to prevent the penetration of water by the abutment zones of the parts of the under-cover carpet, the rafters 2 on which the gutters 4 are fixed must preferably be reduced beforehand- in height, for example by planing, of a value corresponding to the height of these gutters 4, in order to preserve the flatness of the assembly.

 But it is possible to avoid this appropriation, by another conception of the element of contribution. Thus, the filler element can be constituted by a cold bonding product or else by hot welding of butted carpet pieces carried out along their abutment line, bonding or welding being chosen. according to the material used for the manufacture of carpet parts and in compatibility with this material.

it is also possible to design this filler element in the form of a clamp or a clip for joining the two edges of the butted carpet pieces extended along their abutment zone, this clamp or this clip being joined to these two edges either by gluing either hot depending on the material used.

 The parts of the underlay carpet are easy to cut, for example using a disc wheel or an electric shears, to adapt them to particular conformations of the roof such as bushels, dormers and valleys.

 In the choice of the material constituting the carpet 1 or the pieces of carpet 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D, - it is good to note that a flexible synthetic material has, in addition to the advantages already described, that of being able to be wound on itself , to be less slippery than a sheet and therefore to better retain the tiles and to be less dangerous for the installer, to be easy to cut, and finally to constitute in itself galvanic isolation at low cost.

 The retention of the tiles against the elongated projections 3 can be further improved, in particular in a very simple manner when the underlay carpet is made of extruded synthetic material.

 In this case, in fact, the cross section of these elongated protrusions 3 can be formed according to the first variant shown in FIG. 3, so that the face 5 of these protrusions on which the tiles hang has longitudinal grooves 6.

 With a rigid or semi-rigid material and for the same purpose, the face 5 of the elongated protrusions 3 can be made rough by scraping or scribing performed when forming the carpet or pieces of carpet.

 When the roof covering consists of heavier tiles or slabs than the usual tiles, it may be useful to increase the flexural strength of the integrated elongated projections 3. The second, third and fourth variants shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate appropriations designed for this purpose.

 In the second variant shown in FIG. 4, a rigid insert 7, constituted for example by a rod made of light metal or else quite simply of wood, is introduced into the profiling of the projection 3 and kept enclosed in it by a closure plate 8 cold bonded or hot welded to the mat 1 depending on the material used.

 In the third variant shown in FIG. 5, the insert 7 is sandwiched between two sheets 9 and 10 constituting the mat, the upper 9 of which comprises the formation of the projections 3 and the other of which is planar.

 In the fourth variant shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcement of the elongated projections 3 is obtained very simply by an increase in the cross section of these relative to the thickness of the mat, this section being full and coming from the body with the mat. .

This variant is more particularly suitable for an extruded material.

Finally, in a variant not shown but easy to imagine, the reinforcement of the integrated elongated projections is obtained without insert or increase in
section, but by designing them in the form of closed hollow profiles, a form which is also obtained by extrusion and in one piece with the mat.

 The geometric shape given to the cross section of the integrated elongated projections 3 can be arbitrary insofar as it fulfills its role of retaining the tiles.

When the underlay rug includes
several pieces abutting one another, the zone or line of abutment of these pieces does not have to be necessarily plumb with a chevron 2, as shown in FIG. 2, nor necessarily in a direction transverse to that protrusions 3 of the mat.

In the fifth variant shown in FIG. 7, the pieces 1M and 1N of the mat are joined to one another in an area passing through the vertical axis
X of the straight section of a projection 3. The filler element intended to prevent the penetration of water by this zone is constituted by an elastic profile 11 of section in the form of an inverted U-shaped clip whose claws are intended to be clamped by pinching on the two upper edges of the two halves 3A and 3B of the projection 3 thus formed. In this variant, the filler element 11 also constitutes a means of connection of the two parts îM and 1N of the carpet at their right abutment zone, and for this purpose the cross section of the projection 3 is provided trapezoidal to ensure simply taking the clip at the same time that it constitutes by this form a good retention for the attachment of the tiles.

 Of course, here too, the filler element may consist of a product of cold bonding or of hot welding of the two abutting halves of a projection 3, depending on the material used.

 This fifth variant is advantageously and particularly suitable for covering roofs with narrow sides but of long slope as on certain modern high mountain chalets, each piece 1M and 1N of the carpet extending over the entire width of the roofing panel and these pieces being butted in the direction of the roof slope.

Claims (11)

 1. Under-cover element intended to serve as attachment to the tiles of a cover, characterized in that it is constituted by a sheet of a single piece (1) of impermeable, non-putrescible material having on one of its two faces of the elongated integrated projections (3), parallel to each other, of cross section proper to the attachment of the tiles, and spaced from one another by a pitch (P) corresponding to the pitch of the latter in the direction of the slope of the roof.  2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet (1, fig. 1, 1A ... 1N fig. 2 and fig. 7) is made of elastic material.  3. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet - (1 fig. 1, 1A ... 1D fig. 2) is made of rigid material.  4. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that the material of the sheet is a profiled plastic material.  5. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that the sheet is made of galvanized sheet of thin profiled thickness.  6. Element according to claim 4, characterized in that the face (5) of the elongated projections (3, fig. 3) of the sheet intended for the attachment of the roof tiles has longitudinal grooves (6).  7. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated projections (3, fig. 4 and fig. 5) comprise a rigid reinforcing insert (7) in the form of a rod, enclosed in the section of said projections and extended along these.  8. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated projections (3, fig. 6) are reinforced by an increase in their cross section relative to the thickness of the sheet, this section being full and coming from the body with leaf.  9. An undercover formed with elements according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sheets are butted together at least in one direction, and in that it comprises at least one filler element (4, 11) intended to be extended along the zone of abutment of two sheets to prevent the penetration of water under the roof by this zone, the filler element being made of impermeable, non-putrescible materials .  10. Undercover according to claim 9, in which the direction of the zone of abutment of the pieces of the sheets (1A-1B, lC-1D, fig. 2) is transverse to that of its projections (3), characterized in that the filler element intended to prevent the penetration of water by this abutment zone consists of a gutter (4) extended under and along this zone.  11. Undercover according to claim 9, in which the direction of the zone of abutment of the pieces of the sheets (1 M, lN, fig. 7) is parallel to that of its elongated projections (3), characterized in that this abutment zone passes through the vertical axis (X) of the cross section of a projection, and in that the filler element intended to prevent the penetration of water by this zone is constituted by an elastic profile that (11) of section in the form of a clip whose claws are intended to be clamped by pinching on the two upper edges of the two halves (3A, 3B) of the projection (3) thus formed.