EP1582649B2 - Method of building an insulated roof and insulated roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves laying spacing battens (4) on a flexible insulating material (3) along a direction not parallel to rafters (2). The battens are fixed to the rafters so that the material is clamped between the rafters and the battens at intersection of the rafters and the battens. An under-roofing shield (5) is laid on the battens and extends at a distance from the material to arrange an air space between the material and the shield. An independent claim is also included for an insulated roof for a building.

Description

• une charpente, comprenant notamment des chevrons,
• une couverture, comprenant, d'une part un revêtement en un matériau de couverture, tel qu'un revêtement de tuiles (plates, mécaniques, romaines...), d'ardoises, de lauzes, de tôle (plane, ondulée...), de zinc, cuivre, plomb, aluminium, verre..., et d'autre part une structure, dite structure de couverture, pour le support et la fixation du revêtement,
• un matériau souple d'isolation thermique, dit matériau isolant, formant une surface isolante (souple) continue sous la couverture,
• un film étanche, dit écran de sous-couverture ou écran de sous-toiture, formant une surface étanche continue entre le matériau isolant et la couverture (c'est-à-dire en dessous de la couverture et au-dessus du matériau isolant, de façon à protéger ce dernier), la structure de couverture étant posée sur ledit écran de sous-couverture.

The invention relates to a method for producing an insulated roof of a building. The invention applies more particularly to insulated roofs comprising:

• a framework, including rafters,
• a cover, comprising, on the one hand, a coating made of a cover material, such as a coating of tiles (flat, mechanical, Roman, etc.), slates, slate, sheet metal (flat, corrugated). .), zinc, copper, lead, aluminum, glass ..., and on the other hand a structure, known as a covering structure, for supporting and fixing the coating,
• a flexible thermal insulation material, said insulating material, forming an insulating surface (flexible) continuous under the cover,
• a waterproof film, referred to as an under-roof screen or under-roof screen, forming a continuous sealing surface between the insulating material and the cover (i.e. below the cover and above the insulating material, in order to protect the latter), the cover structure being placed on said under-cover screen.

The insulating material can be placed and fixed under the rafters of the frame. Alternatively, it is placed on said rafters, and therefore extends between the frame and the cover. The invention applies essentially to this variant, which has the advantage of not reducing the living space of the building.

Moreover, to meet the most demanding thermal insulation standards, and in particular the standards currently applicable in Great Britain, the under-coverage screen is preferably extended away from the insulating material so as to provide a blade of air between the insulating material and the under-cover screen.

To do this, we now use, in a systematic way, cleats, called counter-wood or spacing battens, placed on the insulating material so as to extend in the direction of the slope of the roof, in look at the rafters, and attached to said rafters. The under-cover screen is placed on the spacing counter-battens, which allow to realize the air gap

It should also be noted that the roofing structure is generally formed by a trellis of cleats, comprising on the one hand a series of cleats, so-called roof battens, extending in the direction of the slope of the roof, and on the other hand a cross-series of cleats, said cover battens, on which the covering is fixed, said cover batts being placed on the cover battens so as to extend in a horizontal direction. The counter-cover battens are placed on the under-cover screen opposite the spacer battens and are attached thereto; the screen is thus pinched between two sets of superposed contre-liteaux, and crossed by the fastenings of the contre-batteaux cover. The cover battens are also attached to the cover battens (on which they rest). Thus, the weight of the roof covering is taken up by the roof battens and transmitted to the roofing battens. With the full length of the counter battens resting on their full length over the rafters, the weight of the roof covering is transmitted to the chevrons of the roof. framework through the counter-battens of coverage and spacing and is therefore distributed over the entire length of said counter-battens and rafters.

The document DE-C-3,515,419 describes another type of insulated roof.

The presence of an air gap between the insulating material and the under-cover screen provides better insulation and improves the energy balance of a building. The results obtained are relatively satisfactory but may quickly become insufficient in the light of certain standards, the requirements of which are constantly evolving in the direction of a greater requirement.

The aim of the invention is to overcome this drawback by proposing a method for producing an insulated roof which, by using any flexible insulating material (and in particular a known insulating material), can provide better insulation and considerably reduce the energy losses observed. in a roof made with this material according to the prior art.

Another object of the invention is thus to meet the requirements of increasingly stringent insulation standards, while using known insulating materials and whose thermal performance would be a priori considered to be insufficient under such standards.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method of producing an insulated roof adapted to all types of flexible insulating materials, whether thick or thin, monolayer or multilayer ...

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing an insulated roof adapted to all types of frameworks (traditional frameworks, in industrial huts, with or without failures, with rafters-forming-chevrons or with separate rafters and rafters) ...).

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing an insulated roof which is neither longer to implement nor more expensive than the prior known methods.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method which ensures a solid and durable attachment to the framework of both the insulating material, the under-cover screen and the cover.

• on pose le matériau isolant sur les chevrons de la charpente de façon à former une surface isolante continue,
• on étend l'écran de sous-couverture au-dessus et à distance du matériau isolant de façon à former une surface étanche continue et à ménager une lame d'air entre le matériau isolant et l'écran de sous-couverture,
• on pose la structure de couverture sur l'écran de sous-couverture.

The invention relates to a method for producing an insulated roof of a building comprising: a herringbone frame; a cover comprising on the one hand a coating of a covering material, and secondly a structure, said cover structure, for supporting and fixing said coating; a flexible thermal insulation material, said insulating material; a waterproof film, called under-coverage screen; process in which

• the insulating material is placed on the rafters of the framework so as to form a continuous insulating surface,
• expanding the underlayment screen above and away from the insulating material to form a continuous sealing surface and providing an air gap between the insulating material and the under-cover screen,
• the cover structure is laid on the undercover screen.

• on pose des tasseaux, dits liteaux d'espacement, sur le matériau isolant, selon une direction non parallèle aux chevrons (c'est-à-dire de sorte que la direction longitudinale desdits liteaux d'espacement ne soit pas parallèle à la direction longitudinale des chevrons), et on fixe les liteaux d'espacement aux chevrons de sorte que le matériau isolant est pincé entre les chevrons et les liteaux d'espacement,
• on pose l'écran de sous-couverture sur les liteaux d'espacement.

The process according to the invention is characterized in that:

• spacers are placed on the insulating material in a direction that is not parallel to the chevrons (that is to say, so that the longitudinal direction of said spacing battens is not parallel to the longitudinal direction). chevrons), and spacing battens are attached to the rafters so that the insulating material is clamped between the rafters and spacers,
• we put the under-cover screen on the spacing battens.

In particular, in a preferred version of the invention, the spacing battens are laid in a substantially horizontal direction, that is to say orthogonally to the rafters, in the direction of the length of the roof or possibly the width of the roof. roof (in the case of a roof with four slopes for example).

In other words, the air gap between the insulating material and the under-coverage screen is realized, not from spacing counter-battles extending along the rafters, in the direction of the slope of the roof, but from spacing battens extending in a direction not parallel to the rafters, for example horizontal.

Thus, the insulating material is pinched between the rafters and the spacing battens, not along the entire length of the rafters as was the case in the prior art, but in a discrete series of "dots" on each chevron, at the same time. "point intersection" spacing battens and rafters (this intersection being considered to be one-off, as opposed to recovery considered linear of a spacing counter-battel and a chevron of the prior art).

This characteristic of the method according to the invention, which goes against a constant practice of the skilled person, significantly improves the energy balance of the building. The inventor has indeed found, in the previous roofs, a significant decrease in the insulating properties of the material facing each rafter, which is explained by the formation of thermal bridges along the length of the rafters due to a compression of the flexible insulating material between the rafters and the spacer battens. With the method according to the invention, the material is compressed in a discrete series and limited points, and the extent of thermal bridging zones is greatly reduced.

The inventor has also noted, surprisingly, that the method according to the invention makes it possible to guarantee not only a permanent placement and maintenance of the insulating material on the framework, but also a solid fixation of the roofing on the framework. . According to the invention, the weight of the roof covering is transmitted to the spacing battens via the roofing structure, and is transmitted to the frame in a limited number of isolated points, and not over the entire length of the rafters. The inventor, however, found that such a construction was compatible with the usual roofing materials (tiles, slates, sheets, etc.) and that no undesirable flexion of the roof structure or spacing battens was to be found. reported.

The inventor further found that the method according to the invention was compatible with all known flexible insulating materials, whatever their nature and thickness. Unlike a material fixed, according to the prior art, between the rafters and spacers spacers on the entire slope of the roof, the material according to the invention is fixed on the frame in a limited number of points isolated (by pinching the material between the rafters and the spacer battens and through the fastenings of said spacing battens on the rafters). It could thus have been expected, in particular, that such isolated attachment points generate significant point voltages likely to cause tearing of the material. Unexpectedly, any risk of tearing of the insulating material is removed in the expected climatic conditions - especially in terms of wind - by the current standards of construction and thermal insulation.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the covering structure is fixed to the spacing battens so that the under-cover screen is clamped between the spacer battens and at least a part of said cover structure.

The roofing structure preferably includes counter-cover battens, placed on the under-cover screen, and cover battens receiving the cover overlay, laid on the cover battens. Note that the term "cover batt" means a horizontal cleat of the cover, extending substantially horizontally, in the direction of the length of the roof or possibly the width of the roof, while the term "counter-lath"cover" designates an inclined batten of the cover, extending substantially in the direction of the slope of the roof, that is to say substantially parallel to the rafters of the frame.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the cover battens are then fixed to the spacing battens so that the under-cover screen is clamped between the spacing battens and the cover counter-battens, and fixed the cover battens to the cover battens. Here again, the inventor has found that this method makes it possible to guarantee a secure and durable fixation of the under-coverage screen, although it is fixed in a limited number of isolated points at the intersection of crossed battens ( spacing battens and cover battens), and not, as advocated in the prior art, between two sets of cleats (counter-battens) superimposed over the entire slope of the roof. This attachment according to the invention is further compatible with all known undercover screens, whatever their nature.

The invention extends to an insulated roof made using the method according to the invention.

The invention relates in particular to a roof according to claim 11.

In particular, the spacing battens extend in a substantially horizontal direction, in the direction of the length or width of the roof.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the covering structure is fixed to the spacing battens (in particular at the level of covering battens) so that the under-cover screen is clamped between the spacing battens and at least a part of said cover structure.

• deux liteaux d'espacement parallèles successifs sont agencés à une distance relative comprise entre 10 cm et 100 cm ;
• le matériau de couverture est constitué de modules de couverture (tuiles, ardoises...), et deux liteaux d'espacement parallèles successifs sont agencés à une distance relative inférieure à deux fois une dimension selon la direction de la pente du toit, dite hauteur, du module de couverture ; cette distance relative est par exemple comprise entre une fois et deux fois la hauteur dudit module ;
• chaque contre-liteau de couverture est posé en regard d'un chevron ; chaque contre-liteau de couverture est alors de préférence fixé au moins à une extrémité inférieure du chevron en regard ;
• un contre-liteau de couverture est posé en regard de chacun des chevrons de la charpente, de sorte que la toiture selon l'invention comprend autant de contre-liteaux de couverture que de chevrons ;
• le matériau isolant utilisé est un matériau isolant mince multicouche, comprenant une succession de nappes isolantes et de films réfléchissants, et présentant une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 et 10 cm. Cette version préférée de l'invention n'exclut pas la possibilité d'utiliser un matériau isolant épais, telle qu'une couche de laine de verre ou laine de roche d'épaisseur supérieure à 20 cm.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the method and the roof according to the invention also have one or more of the following characteristics:

• two successive parallel spacing battens are arranged at a relative distance of between 10 cm and 100 cm;
• the roofing material consists of roofing modules (tiles, slates ...), and two successive parallel spacing battens are arranged at a relative distance of less than two times a dimension in the direction of the slope of the roof, said height , the coverage module; this relative distance is for example between one and two times the height of said module;
• each counter-cover batt is placed next to a chevron; each counter-cover batt is then preferably attached at least to a lower end of the chevron facing;
• a cover against-batten is placed facing each of the rafters of the frame, so that the roof according to the invention comprises as many cover battens as chevrons;
• the insulating material used is a multilayer thin insulating material, comprising a succession of insulating layers and reflecting films, and having a thickness of between 0.5 and 10 cm. This preferred version of the invention does not exclude the possibility of using a thick insulating material, such as a layer of glass wool or rockwool thicker than 20 cm.

The invention also relates to a method of producing an insulated roof and the roof obtained, characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above and below.

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description which refers to the figure 1 annexed (single figure) representing a preferred embodiment of the invention, seen in perspective, given solely by way of non-limiting example.

• une charpente, dont seuls les chevrons 2 sont représentés,
• un matériau isolant souple 3, se présentant par exemple sous la forme de lés ; le matériau est posé sur les chevrons 2 de façon à former une étendue isolante continue ; les lés sont à cette fin posés côte à côte de sorte que la jonction entre deux lés parallèles adjacents s'effectue, soit par juxtaposition bord à bord des deux lés, soit par recouvrement des deux lés sur une largeur de 5 à 10 cm ; les lés sont étendus dans la direction A de la pente du toit ou dans la direction B de la longueur du toit ; le matériau isolant souple 3 est par exemple un matériau mince multicouche formé d'une alternance de films réfléchissants et de nappes minces isolantes (nappes fibreuses, nappes à bulles, couches de mousse...) ; il comprend de préférence des films réfléchissants extérieurs, respectivement supérieur et inférieur, relativement résistants à la déchirure et à la rupture, tels que des non-tissés ayant une résistance à la rupture supérieure à 150 N, réalisés en une matière choisie parmi les polypropylènes, les polyesters, la rayonne viscose, les polyoléfines, les mélanges de plusieurs des matières précitées ; la face externe de chaque film extérieur est recouverte d'un revêtement réfléchissant, à base d'aluminium par exemple, et est avantageusement gaufrée et/ou calandrée et/ou apprêtée et/ou enduite d'un revêtement de renfort ; en variante ou en combinaison, elle est recouverte d'une grille de renfort mécanique souple (grille en fibres de verre, fibres de polyester, fibres de polyamide..., non représentée) ; en variante, les films extérieurs peuvent être de simples films réfléchissants semblables aux films intérieurs du matériau (un film intérieur est recouvert sur chaque face par une nappe isolante),
• des tasseaux 4, dits liteaux d'espacement, posés sur le matériau isolant 3 de façon à s'étendre selon la direction B de la longueur du toit, c'est-à-dire selon une direction sensiblement horizontale ; dans cette version préférée de l'invention, les liteaux d'espacement 4 sont donc orthogonaux aux chevrons 2 ; lesdits liteaux et chevrons se superposent en une série limitée de points isolés ; lesdits liteaux d'espacement 4 sont fixés aux chevrons 2 en ces points par des vis ou autres moyens de fixation adaptés traversant le matériau isolant pour venir s'ancrer dans les chevrons ; le matériau isolant 3 est par conséquent pincé entre les liteaux d'espacement 4 et les chevrons 2, et fixé auxdits chevrons, en une série de points isolés ; deux liteaux d'espacement 4 parallèles successifs sont espacés d'une distance pouvant aller de 10 cm à 100 cm ; ils sont de préférence espacés de 50 à 60 cm, ce qui correspond sensiblement à la hauteur (dimension selon la direction de la pente du toit) des tuiles formant le revêtement de couverture 8 ;
• un film 5, dit écran de sous-couverture, étanche à l'eau et de préférence perméable à la vapeur d'eau (film respirant) ; avantageusement, ce film 5 présente une résistance à la rupture supérieure à 150 N ; en l'exemple, il s'agit d'un non-tissé en polypropylène dont la face externe est recouverte d'un revêtement réfléchissant et est renforcée par une grille en fibres de verre ; un film étanche et résistant tel que ceux décrits précédemment à titre de films extérieurs du matériau isolant, peut être utilisé à titre d'écran de sous-couverture ; l'écran de sous-couverture se présente généralement sous la forme de lés, qu'il convient de poser côte à côte de sorte que la jonction entre deux lés parallèles adjacents s'effectue, soit par juxtaposition bord à bord des deux lés, soit par recouvrement des deux lés sur une largeur de 5 à 10 cm, en vue de former une étendue étanche continue ; l'étanchéité à chaque jonction est assurée par une bande adhésive appliquée de façon à recouvrir les bords adjacents des deux lés ;
• des tasseaux 6, dits contre-liteaux de couverture, posés sur l'écran de sous-couverture de façon à s'étendre dans la direction A de la pente du toit parallèlement aux chevrons ; les contre-liteaux de couverture 6 sont donc orthogonaux aux liteaux d'espacement 4 ; lesdits liteaux et contre-liteaux se superposent en une série limitée de points isolés, en lesquels les contre-liteaux de couverture 6 sont fixés aux liteaux d'espacement 4 par des vis ou autres moyens de fixation adaptés traversant l'écran de sous-couverture pour venir s'ancrer dans les liteaux d'espacement ; une étanchéité peut être réalisée autour de ces vis par tout moyen adapté (cordon de silicone venant colmater le perçage traversant l'écran au niveau de la vis...) ; les contre-liteaux de couverture 6 sont de préférence posés en regard des chevrons pour pouvoir transmettre le poids du revêtement de couverture aux liteaux d'espacement 4 au niveau des points d'application de ces derniers sur les chevrons, et éviter ainsi toute flexion des liteaux d'espacement 4 sous le poids du revêtement de couverture ; à noter que les fixations des contre-liteaux de couverture 6 sur les liteaux d'espacement 4 peuvent également venir s'ancrer dans les chevrons 2 et servir ainsi de moyens de fixation des liteaux d'espacement 4 aux chevrons 2 ; chaque contre-liteau de couverture 6 est par ailleurs de préférence fixé au chevron 2 en regard, à une extrémité inférieure dudit chevron, et par exemple au niveau d'une sablière 9 ;
• des tasseaux 7, dits liteaux de couverture, posés sur les contre-liteaux de couverture 6 orthogonalement à ces derniers, de façon à s'étendre dans la direction horizontale B de la longueur du toit ; les liteaux de couverture 7 sont fixés aux contre-liteaux de couverture 6 par des vis ou autres fixations adaptées venant s'ancrer dans les contre-liteaux 6 ;
• les contre-liteaux de couverture 6 et les liteaux de couverture 7 réalisant ainsi une structure de couverture en forme de treillis, pour le support et la fixation d'un revêtement de couverture 8 ; toute autre structure de couverture est conforme à l'invention ;
• un revêtement 8, réalisé en un matériau de couverture modulaire tel que des tuiles, posé de façon à former une étendue de couverture continue ; les tuiles 8 sont accrochées aux liteaux de couverture 7, qui transmettent le poids desdites tuiles aux chevrons 2 par l'intermédiaire des contre-liteaux de couverture 6 et des liteaux d'espacement 4, via les points d'application des liteaux de couverture 7 sur les contre-liteaux de couverture 6, les points d'application des contre-liteaux de couverture 6 sur les liteaux d'espacement 4 et les points d'application des liteaux d'espacement 4 sur les chevrons 2. Contrairement à un préjugé de l'homme du métier, selon lequel les contre-liteaux de couverture doivent nécessairement reposer sur des contre-liteaux d'espacement (ou sur les chevrons) pour que le poids du revêtement de couverture qu'ils supportent se répartisse sur toute leur longueur et soit transmis aux contre-liteaux d'espacement en des zones d'appui linéaires (sur toute la pente du toit), aucune flexion indésirable des contre-liteaux de couverture 6 n'est à déplorer dans la construction selon l'invention. Pourtant, les contre-liteaux 6 reposent sur les liteaux d'espacement 4 en des zones d'appui ponctuelles isolées. L'espacement préconisé (inférieur à deux fois la hauteur des tuiles) pour les liteaux d'espacement 4 garantit une construction solide et pérenne et permet d'écarter tout risque de flexion des contre-liteaux de couverture 6.

The insulated roof 1 according to the invention successively comprises, from the inside of the building towards the outside of the building:

• a framework, of which only the rafters 2 are represented,
• a flexible insulating material 3, for example in the form of strips; the material is placed on the rafters 2 so as to form a continuous insulating area; the strips are for this purpose placed side by side so that the junction between two adjacent parallel strips is effected, either by juxtaposition edge to edge of the two strips, or by covering the two strips over a width of 5 to 10 cm; the strips are extended in the A direction of the roof slope or in the B direction of the roof length; the flexible insulating material 3 is for example a multilayer thin material formed of an alternation of reflective films and insulating thin layers (fibrous webs, bubble layers, foam layers, etc.); it preferably comprises external reflecting films, respectively upper and lower, relatively resistant to tearing and breaking, such as nonwovens having a tensile strength greater than 150 N, made of a material selected from polypropylenes, polyesters, viscose rayon, polyolefins mixtures of several of the abovementioned materials; the outer face of each outer film is covered with a reflective coating, based on aluminum for example, and is advantageously embossed and / or calendered and / or primed and / or coated with a reinforcing coating; alternatively or in combination, it is covered with a flexible mechanical reinforcing grid (glass fiber grid, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, not shown); alternatively, the outer films may be simple reflective films similar to the inner films of the material (an inner film is covered on each side with an insulating layer),
• cleats 4, said spacer strips, placed on the insulating material 3 so as to extend along the direction B of the length of the roof, that is to say in a substantially horizontal direction; in this preferred version of the invention, the spacing battens 4 are orthogonal to the rafters 2; said battens and rafters are superimposed in a limited series of isolated points; said spacer strips 4 are fixed to the rafters 2 at these points by screws or other suitable fastening means passing through the insulating material to anchor in the rafters; the insulating material 3 is therefore clamped between the spacing battens 4 and the rafters 2, and fixed to said rafters, in a series of isolated points; two successive parallel spacing strips 4 are spaced apart by a distance ranging from 10 cm to 100 cm; they are preferably spaced from 50 to 60 cm, which corresponds substantially to the height (dimension in the direction of the slope of the roof) of the tiles forming the covering covering 8;
• a film 5, said under-cover screen, waterproof and preferably permeable to water vapor (breathable film); advantageously, this film 5 has a breaking strength greater than 150 N; in the example, it is a non-woven polypropylene whose outer face is covered with a reflective coating and is reinforced by a glass fiber grid; a waterproof and resistant film such as those previously described as outer films of the insulating material, may be used as an under-coverage screen; the under-coverage screen is generally in the form of strips, which must be laid side by side so that the junction between two adjacent parallel strips is effected, either by juxtaposition edge-to-edge of the two strips, or overlaying the two strips over a width of 5 to 10 cm, to form a continuous sealed area; the seal at each junction is provided by an adhesive tape applied to cover the adjacent edges of the two strips;
• cleats 6, so-called cover battens, placed on the under-cover screen so as to extend in the direction A of the slope of the roof parallel to the rafters; the cover battens 6 are orthogonal to the spacing battens 4; said battens and counter-battens are superimposed in a limited series of isolated points, in which the counter-cover battens 6 are attached to the spacing battens 4 by screws or other suitable fastening means passing through the under-cover screen to anchor in the spacing battens; a seal can be made around these screws by any suitable means (silicone bead to seal the piercing through the screen at the screw ...); the counter-covering battens 6 are preferably placed facing the rafters to be able to transmit the weight of the covering covering to the spacing battens 4 at the points of application of the latter on the rafters, and thus avoid any bending of the spacing battens 4 under the weight of the cover liner; it should be noted that the fastenings of the counter battens 6 on the spacing battens 4 can also be anchored in the rafters 2 and thus serve as means for fixing the spacing battens 4 to the rafters 2; each counter-covering batten 6 is also preferably attached to the chevron 2 facing at a lower end of said chevron, and for example at a sand pit 9;
• cleats 7, said cover battens, placed on the cover battens 6 orthogonally to the latter, so as to extend in the horizontal direction B of the length of the roof; the cover battens 7 are fixed to the cover battens 6 by screws or other suitable fasteners anchored in the counter-battens 6;
• the covering battens 6 and the cover battens 7 thus forming a lattice-like covering structure for supporting and fixing a cover covering 8; any other covering structure is in accordance with the invention;
• a coating 8, made of a modular covering material such as tiles, laid to form a continuous coverage area; the tiles 8 are hooked to the cover battens 7, which transmit the weight of said tiles to the rafters 2 via the covering counter battens 6 and spacing battens 4, via the application points of the cover battens 7 on the counter battens 6, the points of application of the counter battens 6 on the spacing battens 4 and the points of application of the spacing battens 4 on the chevrons 2. Contrary to a prejudging of the person skilled in the art, according to whom the blanking battens must necessarily rest on spacing counter-battens (or on rafters) so that the weight of the covering covering they support is distributed over their entire length and is transmitted to the spacing counter-battens in support zones linear (over the entire slope of the roof), no undesirable bending of the counter-battens cover 6 is deplored in the construction according to the invention. However, the counter-batten 6 rest on the spacing battens 4 in isolated isolated support zones. The recommended spacing (less than twice the height of the tiles) for the spacing battens 4 ensures a solid and durable construction and avoids any risk of bending of the counter battens 6.

Note that, in the usual way, the cover battens 7 are arranged such that the distance between two successive parallel cover battens corresponds to the dimension (height) of the tiles in the direction of the slope of the roof. In general, the distance between two roofing battens corresponds to the dimension in the direction of the roof slope of the modules constituting the roofing material.

It should be noted that the section of the spacer battens, the cover battens and the cover battens may be arbitrary, and in particular square, rectangular or trapezoidal; it may differ from one batten to another batten with a different function (eg different section between spacer battens and cover battens).

It goes without saying that the invention, as defined by the appended claims, may be subject to numerous variants with respect to the embodiments previously described and shown in the figures.

In particular, it is possible to arrange the spacing battens in a non-horizontal direction since it is not parallel to the rafters. Furthermore, the structure of the frame and that of the cover (structure and coating) are not limited to those illustrated.

Claims (20)

1. Method of producing an insulated roof (1) for a building, comprising:

   - a framework with rafters (2),

   - a roofing comprising on the one hand a covering (8) of roofing material and on the other hand a structure (6, 7), called roofing structure, for supporting and fixing said covering,

   - a flexible heat insulation material (3), called insulating material,

   - an impermeable film (5), called roofing underlay, wherein:

   - the insulating material (3) is positioned on the rafters (2) of the framework so as to form a continuous insulating surface,

   - the roofing underlay (5) is extended thereover and at a distance from the insulating material (3) so as to form a continuous impermeable surface and to provide a layer of air between the insulating material and the roofing underlay,

   - the roofing structure is positioned on the roofing underlay,

   characterised in that
   strips (4), called spacing laths, are positioned on the insulating material (3) in a direction not parallel with the rafters (2), and the spacing laths are fixed to the rafters in such a manner that the insulating material is gripped between the rafters and the spacing laths,

   - the roofing underlay (5) is positioned on the spacing laths (4).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacing laths (4) are positioned in a substantially horizontal direction.
3. Method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that two successive parallel spacing laths (4) are arranged at a relative distance of between 10 cm and 100 cm.
4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that two successive parallel spacing laths (4) are arranged at a relative distance of between one and two times a dimension, in the direction of slope of the roof, of a constituent module of the roofing material.
5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the roofing structure is fixed to the spacing laths in such a manner that the roofing underlay is gripped between the spacing laths (4) and at least a part (6) of said roofing structure.
6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for producing an insulated roof, wherein the roofing structure comprises roofing cross laths (6), positioned on the roofing underlay, and roofing laths (7), positioned on the roofing cross laths, characterised in that the roofing cross laths (6) are fixed to the spacing laths (4) in such a manner that the roofing underlay is gripped between the spacing laths and the roofing cross laths, and the roofing laths (7) are fixed to the roofing cross laths (6).
7. Method according to claim 6, characterised in that each roofing cross lath (6) is positioned opposite a rafter (2).
8. Method according to claim 7, characterised in that each roofing cross lath (6) is fixed at least to a lower end of the opposing rafter (2).
9. Method according to either claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that a roofing cross lath (6) is positioned opposite each of the rafters (2) of the framework.
10. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a thin, multilayer insulating material (3) is used, comprising a succession of insulating plies and reflective films and having a thickness of between 0.5 and 10 cm.
11. Insulated roof for a building, comprising:

    - a framework with rafters (2),

    - a roofing comprising on the one hand a covering (8) of roofing material and on the other hand a structure (6, 7), called roofing structure, for supporting and fixing said covering,

    - a flexible heat insulation material (3), called insulating material, positioned on the rafters (2) of the framework and forming a continuous insulating surface,

    - an impermeable film (5), called roofing underlay, forming a continuous impermeable surface and extending above and at a distance from the insulating material (3) in such a manner that a layer of air is provided between the insulating material and the roofing underlay,

    - the roofing structure being positioned on the roofing underlay,

    characterised in that the roof comprises strips (4), called spacing laths, extending in a direction not parallel with the rafters (2), the spacing laths being positioned on the insulating material and fixed to the rafters by suitable fixing means extending through the insulating material in order to become anchored in the rafters, in such a manner that the insulating material is gripped between the rafters and the spacing laths, the roofing underlay (5) being positioned on the spacing laths (4).
12. Insulated roof according to claim 11, characterised in that the spacing laths (4) extend in a substantially horizontal direction.
13. Insulated roof according to either claim 11 or claim 12, characterised in that two successive parallel spacing laths (4) are arranged at a relative distance of between 10 cm and 100 cm.
14. Insulated roof according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the roofing material comprises modules, characterised in that two successive parallel spacing laths (4) are arranged at a relative distance of between one and two times a dimension of said module in the direction of slope of the roof.
15. Insulated roof according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that the roofing structure is fixed to the spacing laths in such a manner that the roofing underlay is gripped between the spacing laths (4) and at least a part (6) of said roofing structure.
16. Insulated roof according to claim 15, wherein the roofing structure comprises roofing cross laths (6), positioned on the roofing underlay (5), and roofing laths (7), positioned on the roofing cross laths (6), characterised in that the roofing cross laths (6) are fixed to the spacing laths (4) in such a manner that the roofing underlay is gripped between the spacing laths and the roofing cross laths, and the roofing laths (7) are fixed to the roofing cross laths (6).
17. Insulated roof according to claim 16, characterised in that each roofing cross lath (6) extends opposite a rafter (2).
18. Insulated roof according to claim 17, characterised in that each roofing cross lath (6) is fixed at least to a lower end of the opposing rafter (2).
19. Insulated roof according to either claim 17 or claim 18, characterised in that a roofing cross lath (6) extends opposite each of the rafters (2) of the framework.
20. Insulated roof according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterised in that the insulating material (3) is a thin, multilayer insulating material, comprising a succession of insulating plies and reflective films and having a thickness of between 0.5 and 10 cm.

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