EP2594701B1 - Building with a roof terrace made of trapezoidal sheets and method to make this building airtight - Google Patents

Building with a roof terrace made of trapezoidal sheets and method to make this building airtight Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2594701B1
EP2594701B1 EP12192574.7A EP12192574A EP2594701B1 EP 2594701 B1 EP2594701 B1 EP 2594701B1 EP 12192574 A EP12192574 A EP 12192574A EP 2594701 B1 EP2594701 B1 EP 2594701B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
airtight
building
vertical wall
layer
steel sheets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12192574.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2594701A1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Voiret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Isover SA France filed Critical Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Publication of EP2594701A1 publication Critical patent/EP2594701A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2594701B1 publication Critical patent/EP2594701B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1643—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure being formed by load bearing corrugated sheets, e.g. profiled sheet metal roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • E04D12/002—Sheets of flexible material, e.g. roofing tile underlay
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/15—Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs
    • E04D13/155—Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs retaining the roof sheathing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
    • E04D2013/1422—Parapet building elements for retaining the roof flashing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the airtightness of a roof terrace of a building, the roof terrace being made with ribbed sheet steel steel tanks.
  • a roof terrace is generally formed of steel tanks arranged on beams of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1%, the steel tanks being covered with one or more layers of insulation participating in the thermal insulation of the building .
  • the walls of a building comprising such a roof terrace in steel tanks may consist of masonry elements (blocks, concrete, bricks, etc.), wooden elements or trays or metal cassettes attached to poles vertical.
  • Deck terraces in steel tanks may comprise a bituminous membrane disposed between the steel tanks and the layer or layers of insulation to achieve an airtightness of less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 ) under 4 Pa.
  • this bituminous membrane is difficult to install because it must be welded.
  • the bituminous membrane is also highly flammable, posing a safety risk.
  • the document US6088992A describes a roof terrace.
  • the document FR2951477A1 describes an under-roof screen.
  • the document US20050144850A1 describes complexes to be installed on a roof terrace. There is therefore a need for a building comprising a steel deck roof terrace with an airtightness that is easy to install and fire resistant.
  • the building further comprises a first insulating layer disposed on the wall of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1% covered with the airtight layer.
  • the building further comprises a bitumen or asphalt sealing complex, the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex being disposed above the first layer of insulation.
  • the building further comprises a second layer of insulation disposed between the steel tanks covered with the airtight layer and the first layer of insulation.
  • the building further comprises a metal rim shaped bracket with a substantially horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the substantially horizontal portion of the curb being fixed on steel tanks covered with the airtight layer and the vertical portion of the curb being disposed against the vertical wall of the building covered with the airtight layer.
  • the building further comprises a layer of vertical insulation disposed above the steel tanks covered with the airtight layer, and against the vertical wall covered with the airtight layer.
  • the vertical wall is made of masonry elements, wooden elements or trays or metal cassettes.
  • each airtight complex disposed against the vertical wall is fixed on a vertical surface of the vertical wall or on the top of the vertical wall.
  • substantially horizontal means "of actual slope in situ at least 1% ".
  • a substantially horizontal slope according to the invention is in accordance with the DTU 43.3 P1-1 standard.
  • a wall or a layer or other substantially horizontal element according to the invention has a slope which may be less than or equal to 5%, or even greater than 5%.
  • the invention relates to a building comprising a roof terrace in steel tanks comprising a wall with a real slope in situ of at least 1%, covered with an airtight layer comprising a plurality of sealing complexes to the air arranged next to each other.
  • the wall of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1% comprises a plurality of steel tanks arranged next to each other on a frame.
  • Each airtight layer of the airtight layer comprises a mineral wool felt surfaced with an aluminum vapor barrier extending on one of its edges by an aluminum tongue glued to the edge of an adjacent sealing complex.
  • the airtightness complexes are arranged side by side on the steel tanks, with the mineral wool felt oriented towards the steel tanks to cover the entire surface of the roof terrace.
  • the building also includes a vertical wall near at least one edge of the roof terrace. Near this edge of the roof terrace, the airtightness complexes are arranged partly on the steel tanks and partly against the vertical wall so as to raise the airtight layer along the vertical wall.
  • the airtight layer is easy to install because it is sufficient to lay the airtightness complexes next to each other and to stick them to each other via the tongue.
  • the mineral wool felt of the airtight complex is fire-resistant (fire reaction Euroclasses: A2 s1 d0).
  • the airtight layer rises along the vertical walls of the building, which makes it possible to ensure an airtightness of less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 ), preferably less than or equal to 0.25 m 3 / (hm 2 ), over the entire roof terrace, including on its edges.
  • the building according to the invention makes it possible to treat the singular points (edges) while ensuring an airtightness on the entire surface of the roof terrace.
  • the figure 1 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the building comprises at least one vertical wall 1, generally several vertical walls, which form the outer walls of the building.
  • the vertical wall or walls 1 consist for example of masonry elements (such as blocks, concrete walls, bricks, etc.) or wooden elements.
  • the building also includes a roof terrace 2 surrounded by the vertical wall or walls 1.
  • the upper ends of the vertical wall or walls 1 are located at a height greater than the upper surface of the roof terrace so as to form a rim or a parapet.
  • the roof terrace 2 comprises a frame formed of a plurality of metal, concrete or wood beams (not shown), substantially horizontal, that is to say with a real slope in situ of at least 1%, arranged between two opposite vertical walls 1.
  • the roof terrace also comprises a plurality of steel tanks 3, which are arranged next to each other on the substantially horizontal beams, that is to say of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1%, with a covering adjacent steel tanks, for example by interlocking.
  • the rooftop terrace of the building also comprises an airtight layer disposed on the steel tanks 3.
  • the airtight layer comprises a plurality of air-tightness complexes 12 arranged next to one another. It ensures the airtightness of the building.
  • Each complex 12 of airtightness comprises, as illustrated on the figure 5 a felt 120 mineral wool surfaced with a vapor barrier 121 aluminum which is glued on the felt 120.
  • the vapor barrier 121 is extended on one of its edges by a tab 122 protruding from the felt 120.
  • the tongue 122 is bonded to the edge of an adjacent waterproofing complex to ensure the continuity of the vapor barrier.
  • the tongue 122 is self-adhesive or is glued with an attached adhesive.
  • the mineral wool felt 120 of the air tightness complexes 12 is oriented towards the steel tanks 3.
  • the felt 120 has a thickness of between 10 and 50 mm, preferably of the order of 30 mm and a density of between 12 and 25 kg / m 3 , preferably of the order of 20 kg / m 3 .
  • the density of the felt is preferably of the order of 540 g / m 2 .
  • Each air sealing complex 12 preferably also comprises a glass web on each of its main surfaces.
  • the vapor barrier 121 is then placed over the glass veil.
  • the airtight layer extends beyond the edges of the roof terrace up along the vertical wall or walls 1 of the building, which ensures adequate airtightness (less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 )), including on the edges of the rooftop terrace.
  • the airtight layer is fixed to the vertical wall 1 of the building by screws 15, either directly or through a strip 13 covering the free end of the airtight layer.
  • a strip 13 When the vertical wall 1 of the building is made of masonry elements or wood, the presence of a strip facilitates fixing.
  • the vertical wall 1 of the building consists of metal trays or cassettes ( figure 4 ), the presence of a strip is optional.
  • the building comprises a strip 13, it is metal, for example aluminum, with preferably an upwardly flaring stiffening fold which can be filled by a gasket 14.
  • the strip 13 then has for example a thickness of 0.75 mm and a height of 30 mm.
  • the stiffening fold can have a height of 10 mm.
  • the air tightness complexes 12 are arranged partly on the steel tanks 3 and partly against the vertical wall 1 of the building.
  • the air sealing complexes 12 which rise along the wall or walls 1 are held against the vertical wall 1 by the screws 15 during assembly.
  • the airtight layer may be arranged to form a lyre or a fold 16 at the junction between the roof terrace 2 and the vertical wall 1 so as to leave play because the steel tanks 3 are likely to expand much more than complex air tightness 12 under the effect of temperature.
  • the lyre 16 compensates for this difference in behavior under the effect of temperature.
  • the steel tanks 3 roof terrace 2 can be perforated or punctured.
  • the combination of the air tightness complexes 12 and the perforated steel tanks 3 then provides, in addition, an improved acoustic correction, which is not the case for the bituminous membranes of the prior art described above in FIG. introduction.
  • the building also comprises along each vertical wall 1 a metal ridge 4 in the form of bracket with a substantially horizontal portion 40 and a vertical portion 41.
  • the vertical portion is extended by a flap 42.
  • the curb consists of several identical elements put end to end to form a curb running along the rim or parapet of a vertical wall.
  • the substantially horizontal portion 40 of the curb 4 is disposed on the airtight layer and fixed on a steel tank 2, for example by screws 5.
  • the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4 is disposed against the watertight layer. air thus rising along the vertical wall 1.
  • the airtight layer is pressed by the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4 against the vertical wall 1, which ensures an airtightness on the edge of the roof terrace 2.
  • the seal 14, when present, can further improve the airtightness.
  • the building also comprises a first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 having a real slope in situ of at least 1%.
  • This first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is preferably composed of a plurality of mineral wool panels (glass wool or rock wool) arranged next to each other.
  • the mineral wool panels preferably have a 10% compression greater than or equal to 30 kPa and a distributed load settlement, according to the UEAtc guide, class B or C.
  • the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is consisting of a plurality of panels of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane, arranged next to each other.
  • the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 contributes to the thermal insulation of the building. It is rigid enough that you can walk on it without damaging it.
  • the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is disposed on the steel tanks 3, over the airtight layer.
  • the weight of the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is sufficient to maintain the airtight layer in place on the steel tanks.
  • the substantially horizontal portion 40 of the curb 4 is interposed between the airtight layer and the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6.
  • the building also comprises, above the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6, a bitumen or asphalt sealing complex.
  • the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex comprises a first layer 70 fixed for example by screws 8 to the steel tanks 3. This also makes it possible to fix the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 on the steel tanks 3.
  • the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is coated with the first layer 70 of the sealing complex.
  • the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex comprises a second layer 71, disposed on the first layer 70. The second layer 71 is for example welded to the first layer 70.
  • the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex makes it possible to ensure watertightness of the roof terrace.
  • the building also comprises a reinforcing bracket 9 comprising a substantially horizontal portion and a vertical portion.
  • the substantially horizontal portion is fixed, for example by gluing, on the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex.
  • the vertical portion is fixed, for example by gluing, against the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4.
  • the reinforcing bracket 9 ensures a good mechanical strength of the system.
  • the building also comprises a tightness of survey 10, bitumen or asphalt, which is fixed over the reinforcing bracket 9 against the reinforcing bracket 9, the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex and the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4.
  • the tightness of survey 10 ensures the waterproofness of the roof terrace on the edges of the bitumen or asphalt waterproofing complex, at the level of the curb.
  • the building also includes a roof 11 covering the upper end of each vertical wall 1 of the building and the upper end of the curb 4 to ensure watertight roof terrace between the curb 4 and the vertical wall 1.
  • the figure 2 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure 2 includes all the elements of the figure 1 .
  • the building according to the embodiment of the figure 2 further comprises a vertical insulating layer 17 between the vertical wall 1 of the building coated with the airtight layer and the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4, above the steel tank 3.
  • the sealing complexes 12 in the air are then arranged, near the edge of the roof terrace 2, on the one hand between the steel tanks 3 and a substantially horizontal lower surface of the vertical insulating layer 17, on the other hand between the vertical wall 1 of the building and a vertical surface of the vertical insulating layer 17.
  • the airtight layer ensures the airtightness of the entire surface of the roof terrace and the edges of the roof terrace thanks to the ascent along the vertical wall.
  • the vertical insulation layer 17 is surmounted by a profile 19 which is arranged between the vertical wall 1 on which it is fixed by screws 15, thus replacing the strip 13 of the figure 1 , and the curb 4 on which it is also fixed by screws 20.
  • the vertical insulating layer 17 consists for example of a plurality of mineral wool panels (glass wool or rockwool) arranged next to each other.
  • the mineral wool panels have, for example, a 10% compression greater than or equal to 30 kPa and a settlement under distributed load, according to the UEAtc guide, of class B or C.
  • the vertical insulating layer 17 consists of a plurality of panels of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane, arranged next to each other.
  • the vertical insulating layer 17 is rolled mineral wool and is filled in the space available between the vertical wall 1 of the building, the steel tank 3, the curb 4 and the section 19.
  • the vertical insulating layer 17 participates in the thermal insulation of the building. In particular, it makes it possible to reduce the thermal bridges between the vertical wall 1 and the curb 4.
  • the figure 3 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure 3 includes all the elements of the figure 2 .
  • the building according to the embodiment of the figure 3 further comprises a second substantially horizontal insulating layer 18, with a real in situ slope of at least 1%, arranged between, on the one hand, the steel tanks 3 covered with the air-tight layer and, on the other hand, on the other hand, the substantially horizontal portion 40 of the curb 4, the substantially horizontal lower surface of the vertical insulating layer 17 and the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6.
  • the substantially horizontal lower surface of the vertical insulation 17 is disposed against the steel tanks covered with the airtight layer.
  • the second substantially horizontal insulating layer 18 is preferably made of a plurality of mineral wool panels (glass wool or rockwool) arranged next to one another.
  • the mineral wool panels preferably have a 10% compression greater than or equal to 30 kPa and a distributed load settlement, according to the UEAtc guide, of class B or C.
  • the second substantially horizontal insulating layer 18 is consisting of a plurality of panels of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane, arranged next to each other.
  • the second layer of substantially horizontal insulation 18 contributes to the thermal insulation of the building. It improves the thermal performance of the roof terrace, especially for low energy buildings.
  • the figure 4 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure 4 includes almost every element of the figure 3 .
  • the vertical wall 1 of the building consists of metal trays or cassettes fixed (e) s on vertical poles of concrete, metal or wood.
  • the air tightness complexes 12 are fixed at their free end by screws 15 directly on the top of the vertical wall 1.
  • the strip 13 and the profile 19 are optional.
  • the air tightness complexes 12 may be attached at their free end to a vertical surface of the vertical wall, as in the embodiment of the other figures, with or without strip 13 and with or without profile 19 .
  • the method described above makes it possible to obtain a building comprising a roof terrace in steel tanks with an assured airtightness (less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 )) including at the singular points of the roof-terrace, which is easy to implement and resistant to fire.
  • the method described above also provides a building comprising a roof terrace with acoustic performance.

Description

L'invention concerne l'étanchéité à l'air d'un toit-terrasse d'un bâtiment, le toit-terrasse étant réalisé avec des bacs acier en tôle d'acier nervurées. Un tel toit-terrasse est en général formé de bacs acier disposés sur des poutres de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, les bacs acier étant recouverts d'une ou plusieurs couches d'isolant participant à l'isolation thermique du bâtiment. Les parois d'un bâtiment comprenant un tel toit-terrasse en bacs acier peuvent être constituées d'éléments de maçonnerie (parpaings, béton, briques, etc.), d'éléments en bois ou encore de plateaux ou cassettes métalliques fixées sur des poteaux verticaux.The invention relates to the airtightness of a roof terrace of a building, the roof terrace being made with ribbed sheet steel steel tanks. Such a roof terrace is generally formed of steel tanks arranged on beams of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1%, the steel tanks being covered with one or more layers of insulation participating in the thermal insulation of the building . The walls of a building comprising such a roof terrace in steel tanks may consist of masonry elements (blocks, concrete, bricks, etc.), wooden elements or trays or metal cassettes attached to poles vertical.

Les toits-terrasses en bacs acier peuvent comprendre une membrane bitumineuse disposée entre les bacs acier et la ou les couches d'isolant pour réaliser une étanchéité à l'air inférieure ou égale à 0,6 m3/(h.m2) sous 4 Pa. Toutefois, cette membrane bitumineuse est difficile à installer car elle doit être soudée. La membrane bitumineuse est également hautement inflammable, ce qui constitue un risque pour la sécurité. Le document US6088992A décrit un toit-terrasse. Le document FR2951477A1 décrit un écran de sous-toiture. Enfin, le document US20050144850A1 décrit des complexes à installer sur un toit-terrasse. Il y a donc un besoin pour un bâtiment comprenant un toit-terrasse en bacs acier avec une étanchéité à l'air qui soit facile à installer et qui résiste au feu.Deck terraces in steel tanks may comprise a bituminous membrane disposed between the steel tanks and the layer or layers of insulation to achieve an airtightness of less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 ) under 4 Pa. However, this bituminous membrane is difficult to install because it must be welded. The bituminous membrane is also highly flammable, posing a safety risk. The document US6088992A describes a roof terrace. The document FR2951477A1 describes an under-roof screen. Finally, the document US20050144850A1 describes complexes to be installed on a roof terrace. There is therefore a need for a building comprising a steel deck roof terrace with an airtightness that is easy to install and fire resistant.

Pour cela, l'invention propose un bâtiment comprenant :

  • une paroi verticale,
  • un toit-terrasse comprenant :
    • une paroi de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, comprenant une pluralité de bacs acier disposés les uns à côté des autres sur une ossature,
    • une couche étanche à l'air disposée sur la paroi de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, la couche étanche à l'air comprenant une pluralité de complexes d'étanchéité à l'air disposés les uns à côté des autres sur les bacs acier, chaque complexe d'étanchéité à l'air comprenant un feutre en laine minérale surfacé avec un pare-vapeur en aluminium, le pare-vapeur en aluminium se prolongeant sur un de ses bords par une languette collée sur le bord d'un complexe d'étanchéité à l'air adjacent, et le feutre en laine minérale étant orienté vers les bacs acier,
dans lequel, à proximité d'au moins un bord du toit-terrasse, les complexes d'étanchéité à l'air sont disposés en partie sur les bacs acier et en partie contre la paroi verticale de façon à faire remonter la couche étanche à l'air le long de la paroi verticale.For this, the invention proposes a building comprising:
  • a vertical wall,
  • a rooftop terrace including:
    • a wall of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1%, comprising a plurality of steel tanks arranged next to each other on a frame,
    • an airtight layer disposed on the wall of actual slope in situ of at least 1%, the airtight layer comprising a plurality of airtightness complexes arranged next to one another on the steel bins, each airtight complex comprising a mineral wool felt surfaced with an aluminum vapor barrier, the aluminum vapor barrier extending over a its edges by a tongue glued to the edge of an adjacent air-tightness complex, and the mineral wool felt being oriented towards the steel tanks,
wherein, in the vicinity of at least one edge of the roof terrace, the airtightness complexes are arranged partly on the steel tanks and partly against the vertical wall so as to raise the watertight layer. air along the vertical wall.

Selon une autre particularité, le bâtiment comprend en outre une première couche d'isolant disposée sur la paroi de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1% recouverte de la couche étanche à l'air.In another feature, the building further comprises a first insulating layer disposed on the wall of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1% covered with the airtight layer.

Selon une autre particularité, le bâtiment comprend en outre un complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte, le complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte étant disposé au-dessus de la première couche d'isolant.In another feature, the building further comprises a bitumen or asphalt sealing complex, the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex being disposed above the first layer of insulation.

Selon une autre particularité, le bâtiment comprend en outre une deuxième couche d'isolant, disposée entre les bacs acier recouverts de la couche étanche à l'air et la première couche d'isolant.In another feature, the building further comprises a second layer of insulation disposed between the steel tanks covered with the airtight layer and the first layer of insulation.

Selon une autre particularité, le bâtiment comprend en outre une costière métallique en forme d'équerre avec une partie sensiblement horizontale et une partie verticale, la partie sensiblement horizontale de la costière étant fixée sur des bacs acier recouverts de la couche étanche à l'air et la partie verticale de la costière étant disposée contre la paroi verticale du bâtiment recouverte de la couche étanche à l'air.According to another feature, the building further comprises a metal rim shaped bracket with a substantially horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the substantially horizontal portion of the curb being fixed on steel tanks covered with the airtight layer and the vertical portion of the curb being disposed against the vertical wall of the building covered with the airtight layer.

Selon une autre particularité, le bâtiment comprend en outre une couche d'isolant verticale disposée au-dessus des bacs acier recouverts de la couche étanche à l'air, et contre la paroi verticale recouverte de la couche étanche à l'air.According to another feature, the building further comprises a layer of vertical insulation disposed above the steel tanks covered with the airtight layer, and against the vertical wall covered with the airtight layer.

Selon une autre particularité, la paroi verticale est constituée d'éléments de maçonnerie, d'éléments en bois ou de plateaux ou cassettes métalliques.According to another feature, the vertical wall is made of masonry elements, wooden elements or trays or metal cassettes.

Selon une autre particularité, chaque complexe d'étanchéité à l'air disposé contre la paroi verticale est fixé sur une surface verticale de la paroi verticale ou sur le dessus de la paroi verticale.According to another feature, each airtight complex disposed against the vertical wall is fixed on a vertical surface of the vertical wall or on the top of the vertical wall.

L'invention concerne également un procédé pour rendre étanche à l'air un bâtiment comprenant un toit-terrasse en bacs acier et une paroi verticale, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • disposition d'une pluralité de bacs acier sur une ossature pour former un toit-terrasse,
    • disposition d'une pluralité de complexes d'étanchéité à l'air côte à côte sur les bacs acier pour former une couche étanche à l'air et rendre étanche à l'air le toit-terrasse, chaque complexe d'étanchéité à l'air comprenant un feutre en laine minérale surmonté d'un pare-vapeur en aluminium, le feutre en laine minérale étant orienté vers les bacs acier et le pare-vapeur en aluminium se prolongeant sur un de ses bords par une languette, et collage de chaque languette d'un complexe d'étanchéité à l'air sur le bord d'un complexe d'étanchéité à l'air adjacent,
  • à proximité d'un bord du toit-terrasse, disposition des complexes d'étanchéité à l'air en partie sur les bacs acier et en partie contre la paroi verticale du bâtiment de façon à faire remonter la couche étanche à l'air le long de la paroi verticale.
The invention also relates to a method for rendering airtight a building comprising a roof terrace steel tanks and a vertical wall, the method comprising the following steps:
  • arranging a plurality of steel tanks on a frame to form a roof terrace,
    • disposing a plurality of airtightness complexes side by side on the steel bins to form an airtight layer and sealing the roof terrace to airtightness, each sealing complex to the air comprising a mineral wool felt surmounted by an aluminum vapor barrier, the mineral wool felt being oriented towards the steel tanks and the aluminum vapor barrier extending on one of its edges by a tongue, and sticking of each tongue of an airtightness complex on the edge of an adjacent airtightness complex,
  • near an edge of the rooftop terrace, provision of the airtight complexes partly on the steel tanks and partly against the vertical wall of the building so as to raise the airtight layer along of the vertical wall.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention vont à présent être décrits en regard des dessins sur lesquels :

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, montrant un bord de toit-terrasse ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, montrant un bord de toit-terrasse ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, montrant un bord de toit-terrasse ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, montrant un bord de toit-terrasse ;
  • La figure 5 est un vue en perspective schématique d'un complexe d'étanchéité à l'air utilisé selon l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a first embodiment of the invention, showing a roof terrace edge;
  • The figure 2 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a second embodiment of the invention, showing a roof terrace edge;
  • The figure 3 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a third embodiment of the invention, showing a roof terrace edge;
  • The figure 4 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, showing a roof terrace edge;
  • The figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of an airtight sealing complex used according to the invention.

Les numéros de référence qui sont identiques sur les différentes figures représentent des éléments similaires ou identiques. Dans l'ensemble de cette demande de brevet, l'expression « sensiblement horizontal(e) » signifie « de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1% ». En particulier, une pente sensiblement horizontale selon l'invention est conforme à la norme DTU 43,3 P1-1. Ainsi, une paroi ou une couche ou tout autre élément sensiblement horizontal selon l'invention a une pente qui peut être inférieure ou égale à 5%, ou encore supérieure à 5%.The reference numbers which are identical in the different figures represent similar or identical elements. Throughout this patent application, the term "substantially horizontal" means "of actual slope in situ at least 1% ". In particular, a substantially horizontal slope according to the invention is in accordance with the DTU 43.3 P1-1 standard. Thus, a wall or a layer or other substantially horizontal element according to the invention has a slope which may be less than or equal to 5%, or even greater than 5%.

L'invention se rapporte à un bâtiment comprenant un toit-terrasse en bacs acier comprenant une paroi de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, recouverte d'une couche étanche à l'air comprenant une pluralité de complexes d'étanchéité à l'air disposés les uns à côte des autres. La paroi de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1% comprend une pluralité de bacs acier disposés les uns à côté des autres sur une ossature. Chaque complexe d'étanchéité à l'air de la couche étanche à l'air comprend un feutre en laine minérale surfacé avec un pare-vapeur en aluminium se prolongeant sur un de ses bords par une languette en aluminium collée sur le bord d'un complexe d'étanchéité adjacent. Les complexes d'étanchéité à l'air sont disposés côte à côte sur les bacs acier, avec le feutre en laine minérale orienté vers les bacs acier pour couvrir toute la surface du toit-terrasse.The invention relates to a building comprising a roof terrace in steel tanks comprising a wall with a real slope in situ of at least 1%, covered with an airtight layer comprising a plurality of sealing complexes to the air arranged next to each other. The wall of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1% comprises a plurality of steel tanks arranged next to each other on a frame. Each airtight layer of the airtight layer comprises a mineral wool felt surfaced with an aluminum vapor barrier extending on one of its edges by an aluminum tongue glued to the edge of an adjacent sealing complex. The airtightness complexes are arranged side by side on the steel tanks, with the mineral wool felt oriented towards the steel tanks to cover the entire surface of the roof terrace.

Le bâtiment comprend également une paroi verticale à proximité d'au moins un bord du toit-terrasse. A proximité de ce bord du toit-terrasse, les complexes d'étanchéité à l'air sont disposés en partie sur les bacs acier et en partie contre la paroi verticale de façon à faire remonter la couche étanche à l'air le long de la paroi verticale.The building also includes a vertical wall near at least one edge of the roof terrace. Near this edge of the roof terrace, the airtightness complexes are arranged partly on the steel tanks and partly against the vertical wall so as to raise the airtight layer along the vertical wall.

Ainsi, la couche étanche à l'air est facile à installer car il suffit de poser les complexes d'étanchéité à l'air les uns à côté des autres et de les coller les uns aux autres via la languette.Thus, the airtight layer is easy to install because it is sufficient to lay the airtightness complexes next to each other and to stick them to each other via the tongue.

De plus, le feutre en laine minérale des complexes d'étanchéité à l'air résiste bien au feu (réaction au feu Euroclasses : A2 s1 d0). En outre, la couche étanche à l'air remonte le long des parois verticales du bâtiment, ce qui permet d'assurer une étanchéité à l'air inférieure ou égale à 0,6 m3/(h.m2), de préférence inférieure ou égale à 0,25 m3/(h.m2), sur l'ensemble du toit-terrasse, y compris sur ses bords. Ainsi, le bâtiment selon l'invention permet de traiter les points singuliers (bords) tout en assurant une étanchéité à l'air sur toute la surface du toit-terrasse.In addition, the mineral wool felt of the airtight complex is fire-resistant (fire reaction Euroclasses: A2 s1 d0). In addition, the airtight layer rises along the vertical walls of the building, which makes it possible to ensure an airtightness of less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 ), preferably less than or equal to 0.25 m 3 / (hm 2 ), over the entire roof terrace, including on its edges. Thus, the building according to the invention makes it possible to treat the singular points (edges) while ensuring an airtightness on the entire surface of the roof terrace.

La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 1 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Le bâtiment comprend au moins une paroi verticale 1, en général plusieurs parois verticales, qui forment les murs extérieurs du bâtiment. La ou les parois verticales 1 sont par exemple constituées d'éléments de maçonnerie (tels que des parpaings, des murs en béton, des briques, etc.) ou d'éléments en bois.The building comprises at least one vertical wall 1, generally several vertical walls, which form the outer walls of the building. The vertical wall or walls 1 consist for example of masonry elements (such as blocks, concrete walls, bricks, etc.) or wooden elements.

Le bâtiment comprend également un toit-terrasse 2 entouré par la ou les parois verticales 1. Les extrémités supérieures de la ou des parois verticales 1 sont situées à une hauteur supérieure à la surface supérieure du toit-terrasse de façon à former un rebord ou un acrotère. Le toit-terrasse 2 comprend une ossature formée d'une pluralité de poutres en métal, en béton ou en bois (non représentées), sensiblement horizontales, c'est-à-dire de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, disposées entre deux parois verticales 1 opposées. Le toit-terrasse comprend également une pluralité de bacs acier 3, qui sont disposés les uns à côté des autres sur les poutres sensiblement horizontales, c'est-à-dire de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, avec un recouvrement des bacs aciers adjacents, par exemple par emboîtement.The building also includes a roof terrace 2 surrounded by the vertical wall or walls 1. The upper ends of the vertical wall or walls 1 are located at a height greater than the upper surface of the roof terrace so as to form a rim or a parapet. The roof terrace 2 comprises a frame formed of a plurality of metal, concrete or wood beams (not shown), substantially horizontal, that is to say with a real slope in situ of at least 1%, arranged between two opposite vertical walls 1. The roof terrace also comprises a plurality of steel tanks 3, which are arranged next to each other on the substantially horizontal beams, that is to say of actual slope in situ at least equal to 1%, with a covering adjacent steel tanks, for example by interlocking.

Le toit-terrasse du bâtiment comprend également une couche étanche à l'air disposée sur les bacs acier 3. La couche étanche à l'air comprend une pluralité de complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air disposés les uns à côté des autres. Elle permet d'assurer l'étanchéité à l'air du bâtiment. Chaque complexe 12 d'étanchéité à l'air comprend, comme cela est illustré sur la figure 5, un feutre 120 en laine minérale surfacé d'un pare-vapeur 121 en aluminium qui est collé sur le feutre 120. Le pare-vapeur 121 se prolonge sur un de ses bords par une languette 122 dépassant du feutre 120. La languette 122 est collée sur le bord d'un complexe d'étanchéité adjacent afin d'assurer la continuité du pare-vapeur. La languette 122 est auto-adhésive ou est collée à l'aide d'un adhésif rapporté. Le feutre 120 en laine minérale des complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air est orienté vers les bacs acier 3.The rooftop terrace of the building also comprises an airtight layer disposed on the steel tanks 3. The airtight layer comprises a plurality of air-tightness complexes 12 arranged next to one another. It ensures the airtightness of the building. Each complex 12 of airtightness comprises, as illustrated on the figure 5 a felt 120 mineral wool surfaced with a vapor barrier 121 aluminum which is glued on the felt 120. The vapor barrier 121 is extended on one of its edges by a tab 122 protruding from the felt 120. The tongue 122 is bonded to the edge of an adjacent waterproofing complex to ensure the continuity of the vapor barrier. The tongue 122 is self-adhesive or is glued with an attached adhesive. The mineral wool felt 120 of the air tightness complexes 12 is oriented towards the steel tanks 3.

Le feutre 120 a une épaisseur comprise entre 10 et 50 mm, de préférence de l'ordre de 30 mm et une densité comprise entre 12 et 25 kg/m3, de préférence de l'ordre de 20 kg/m3. La masse surfacique du feutre est de préférence de l'ordre de 540 g/m2.The felt 120 has a thickness of between 10 and 50 mm, preferably of the order of 30 mm and a density of between 12 and 25 kg / m 3 , preferably of the order of 20 kg / m 3 . The density of the felt is preferably of the order of 540 g / m 2 .

Chaque complexe 12 d'étanchéité à l'air comprend de préférence également un voile de verre sur chacune de ses surfaces principales. Le pare-vapeur 121 est alors disposé par-dessus le voile de verre.Each air sealing complex 12 preferably also comprises a glass web on each of its main surfaces. The vapor barrier 121 is then placed over the glass veil.

La couche étanche à l'air se prolonge au-delà des bords du toit-terrasse en remontant le long de la ou des parois verticales 1 du bâtiment, ce qui permet d'assurer une étanchéité à l'air adéquate (inférieure ou égale à 0,6 m3/(h.m2)), y compris sur les bords du toit-terrasse.The airtight layer extends beyond the edges of the roof terrace up along the vertical wall or walls 1 of the building, which ensures adequate airtightness (less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 )), including on the edges of the rooftop terrace.

La couche étanche à l'air est fixée à la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment par des vis 15, soit directement, soit à travers un feuillard 13 recouvrant l'extrémité libre de la couche étanche à l'air. En particulier, lorsque la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment est constituée d'éléments de maçonnerie ou en bois, la présence d'un feuillard facilite la fixation. Lorsque la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment est constituée de plateaux ou cassettes métalliques (figure 4), la présence d'un feuillard est optionnelle. Lorsque le bâtiment comprend un feuillard 13, celui-ci est métallique, par exemple en aluminium, avec de préférence un pli raidisseur s'évasant vers le haut qui peut être comblé par un joint 14. Le feuillard 13 a alors par exemple une épaisseur de 0,75 mm et une hauteur de 30 mm. Le pli raidisseur peut avoir une hauteur de 10 mm.The airtight layer is fixed to the vertical wall 1 of the building by screws 15, either directly or through a strip 13 covering the free end of the airtight layer. In particular, when the vertical wall 1 of the building is made of masonry elements or wood, the presence of a strip facilitates fixing. When the vertical wall 1 of the building consists of metal trays or cassettes ( figure 4 ), the presence of a strip is optional. When the building comprises a strip 13, it is metal, for example aluminum, with preferably an upwardly flaring stiffening fold which can be filled by a gasket 14. The strip 13 then has for example a thickness of 0.75 mm and a height of 30 mm. The stiffening fold can have a height of 10 mm.

Ainsi, à proximité des bords du toit-terrasse, les complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air sont disposés en partie sur les bacs acier 3 et en partie contre la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment. Les complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air qui remontent le long de la ou des parois 1 sont maintenus contre la paroi verticale 1 par les vis 15 pendant le montage.Thus, near the edges of the roof terrace, the air tightness complexes 12 are arranged partly on the steel tanks 3 and partly against the vertical wall 1 of the building. The air sealing complexes 12 which rise along the wall or walls 1 are held against the vertical wall 1 by the screws 15 during assembly.

L'amélioration de l'étanchéité à l'air peut entraîner la présence de condensation sur le toit-terrasse. Toutefois, ce problème est résolu par la présence du pare-vapeur, d'autant mieux que le pare-vapeur est à proximité immédiate de l'intérieur du bâtiment, qui est chauffé en hiver.Improved airtightness may result in condensation on the roof terrace. However, this problem is solved by the presence of the vapor barrier, especially as the vapor barrier is in the immediate vicinity of the interior of the building, which is heated in winter.

De façon optionnelle, la couche étanche à l'air peut est disposée de façon à former une lyre ou un pli 16 à la jonction entre le toit-terrasse 2 et la paroi verticale 1 de façon à laisser du jeu car les bacs acier 3 sont susceptibles de se dilater beaucoup plus que les complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air sous l'effet de la température. La lyre 16 permet de compenser cette différence de comportement sous l'effet de la température.Optionally, the airtight layer may be arranged to form a lyre or a fold 16 at the junction between the roof terrace 2 and the vertical wall 1 so as to leave play because the steel tanks 3 are likely to expand much more than complex air tightness 12 under the effect of temperature. The lyre 16 compensates for this difference in behavior under the effect of temperature.

De façon optionnelle également, les bacs acier 3 du toit-terrasse 2 peuvent être perforés ou crevés. L'association des complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air et des bacs acier 3 perforés procure alors en plus une correction acoustique améliorée, ce qui n'est pas le cas des membranes bitumineuses de l'art antérieur décrites plus haut dans l'introduction.Optionally also, the steel tanks 3 roof terrace 2 can be perforated or punctured. The combination of the air tightness complexes 12 and the perforated steel tanks 3 then provides, in addition, an improved acoustic correction, which is not the case for the bituminous membranes of the prior art described above in FIG. introduction.

Le bâtiment comprend également le long de chaque paroi verticale 1 une costière 4 métallique en forme d'équerre avec une partie sensiblement horizontale 40 et une partie verticale 41. La partie verticale est prolongée par un rabat 42. La costière est constituée de plusieurs éléments identiques mis bout à bout pour former une costière courant tout le long du rebord ou de l'acrotère d'une paroi verticale. La partie sensiblement horizontale 40 de la costière 4 est disposée sur la couche étanche à l'air et fixée sur un bac acier 2, par exemple par des vis 5. La partie verticale 41 de la costière 4 est disposée contre la couche étanche à l'air remontant le long de la paroi verticale 1. Ainsi, la couche étanche à l'air est plaquée par la partie verticale 41 de la costière 4 contre la paroi verticale 1, ce qui assure une étanchéité à l'air sur le bord du toit-terrasse 2. Le joint 14, lorsqu'il est présent, peut encore améliorer l'étanchéité à l'air.The building also comprises along each vertical wall 1 a metal ridge 4 in the form of bracket with a substantially horizontal portion 40 and a vertical portion 41. The vertical portion is extended by a flap 42. The curb consists of several identical elements put end to end to form a curb running along the rim or parapet of a vertical wall. The substantially horizontal portion 40 of the curb 4 is disposed on the airtight layer and fixed on a steel tank 2, for example by screws 5. The vertical portion 41 of the curb 4 is disposed against the watertight layer. air thus rising along the vertical wall 1. Thus, the airtight layer is pressed by the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4 against the vertical wall 1, which ensures an airtightness on the edge of the roof terrace 2. The seal 14, when present, can further improve the airtightness.

Le bâtiment comprend également une première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 ayant une pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%. Cette première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 est de préférence constituée d'une pluralité de panneaux de laine minérale (laine de verre ou laine de roche) disposés les uns à côté des autres. Les panneaux de laine minérale ont de préférence une compression à 10% supérieure ou égale à 30 kPa et un tassement sous charge répartie, selon le guide UEAtc, de classe B ou C. En variante, la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 est constituée d'une pluralité de panneaux en mousse de polystyrène expansé ou de polyuréthane, disposés les uns à côté des autres. La première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 participe à l'isolation thermique du bâtiment. Elle est suffisamment rigide pour que l'on puisse marcher dessus sans l'abîmer. La première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 est disposée sur les bacs acier 3, par-dessus la couche étanche à l'air. Le poids de la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 suffit à maintenir la couche étanche à l'air en place sur les bacs acier. Sur les bords du toit-terrasse 2, la partie sensiblement horizontale 40 de la costière 4 est intercalée entre la couche étanche à l'air et la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6.The building also comprises a first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 having a real slope in situ of at least 1%. This first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is preferably composed of a plurality of mineral wool panels (glass wool or rock wool) arranged next to each other. The mineral wool panels preferably have a 10% compression greater than or equal to 30 kPa and a distributed load settlement, according to the UEAtc guide, class B or C. Alternatively, the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is consisting of a plurality of panels of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane, arranged next to each other. The first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 contributes to the thermal insulation of the building. It is rigid enough that you can walk on it without damaging it. The first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is disposed on the steel tanks 3, over the airtight layer. The weight of the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is sufficient to maintain the airtight layer in place on the steel tanks. On the edges of roof terrace 2, the substantially horizontal portion 40 of the curb 4 is interposed between the airtight layer and the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6.

Le bâtiment comprend également, au-dessus de la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6, un complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte. Le complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte comprend une première couche 70 fixée par exemple par des vis 8 sur les bacs acier 3. Cela permet également de fixer la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 sur les bacs acier 3. En variante, lorsque le complexe d'étanchéité est en bitume, la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6 est revêtue de la première couche 70 du complexe d'étanchéité. Le complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte comprend une deuxième couche 71, disposée sur la première couche 70. La deuxième couche 71 est par exemple soudée sur la première couche 70. Le complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte permet d'assurer une étanchéité à l'eau du toit-terrasse.The building also comprises, above the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6, a bitumen or asphalt sealing complex. The bitumen or asphalt sealing complex comprises a first layer 70 fixed for example by screws 8 to the steel tanks 3. This also makes it possible to fix the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 on the steel tanks 3. Alternatively when the sealing complex is made of bitumen, the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6 is coated with the first layer 70 of the sealing complex. The bitumen or asphalt sealing complex comprises a second layer 71, disposed on the first layer 70. The second layer 71 is for example welded to the first layer 70. The bitumen or asphalt sealing complex makes it possible to ensure watertightness of the roof terrace.

Le bâtiment comprend également une équerre de renfort 9 comprenant une partie sensiblement horizontale et une partie verticale. La partie sensiblement horizontale est fixée, par exemple par collage, sur le complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte. La partie verticale est fixée, par exemple par collage, contre la partie verticale 41 de la costière 4. L'équerre de renfort 9 assure une bonne tenue mécanique du système.The building also comprises a reinforcing bracket 9 comprising a substantially horizontal portion and a vertical portion. The substantially horizontal portion is fixed, for example by gluing, on the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex. The vertical portion is fixed, for example by gluing, against the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4. The reinforcing bracket 9 ensures a good mechanical strength of the system.

Le bâtiment comprend également une étanchéité de relevé 10, en bitume ou en asphalte, qui est fixée par dessus l'équerre de renfort 9 contre l'équerre de renfort 9, le complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte et la partie verticale 41 de la costière 4.The building also comprises a tightness of survey 10, bitumen or asphalt, which is fixed over the reinforcing bracket 9 against the reinforcing bracket 9, the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex and the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4.

L'étanchéité de relevé 10 assure l'étanchéité à l'eau du toit-terrasse sur les bords du complexe d'étanchéité en bitume ou en asphalte, au niveau de la costière.The tightness of survey 10 ensures the waterproofness of the roof terrace on the edges of the bitumen or asphalt waterproofing complex, at the level of the curb.

Le bâtiment comprend également une couvertine 11 couvrant l'extrémité supérieure de chaque paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment ainsi que l'extrémité supérieure de la costière 4 afin d'assurer l'étanchéité à l'eau du toit-terrasse entre la costière 4 et la paroi verticale 1.The building also includes a roof 11 covering the upper end of each vertical wall 1 of the building and the upper end of the curb 4 to ensure watertight roof terrace between the curb 4 and the vertical wall 1.

La figure 2 est une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. La figure 2 comprend tous les éléments de la figure 1.The figure 2 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a second embodiment of the invention. The figure 2 includes all the elements of the figure 1 .

Le bâtiment selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 2 comprend en outre une couche d'isolant verticale 17 entre la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment revêtue de la couche étanche à l'air et la partie verticale 41 de la costière 4, au-dessus du bac acier 3. Les complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air sont alors disposés, à proximité du bord du toit-terrasse 2, d'une part entre les bacs acier 3 et une surface inférieure sensiblement horizontale de la couche d'isolant verticale 17, d'autre part entre la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment et une surface verticale de la couche d'isolant verticale 17. Ainsi, la couche étanche à l'air assure l'étanchéité à l'air de toute la surface du toit-terrasse et des bords du toit-terrasse grâce à la remontée le long de la paroi verticale.The building according to the embodiment of the figure 2 further comprises a vertical insulating layer 17 between the vertical wall 1 of the building coated with the airtight layer and the vertical portion 41 of the curb 4, above the steel tank 3. The sealing complexes 12 in the air are then arranged, near the edge of the roof terrace 2, on the one hand between the steel tanks 3 and a substantially horizontal lower surface of the vertical insulating layer 17, on the other hand between the vertical wall 1 of the building and a vertical surface of the vertical insulating layer 17. Thus, the airtight layer ensures the airtightness of the entire surface of the roof terrace and the edges of the roof terrace thanks to the ascent along the vertical wall.

La couche d'isolant verticale 17 est surmontée d'un profilé 19 qui est disposé entre la paroi verticale 1 sur laquelle il est fixé par des vis 15, remplaçant ainsi le feuillard 13 de la figure 1, et la costière 4 sur laquelle il est également fixé par des vis 20.The vertical insulation layer 17 is surmounted by a profile 19 which is arranged between the vertical wall 1 on which it is fixed by screws 15, thus replacing the strip 13 of the figure 1 , and the curb 4 on which it is also fixed by screws 20.

La couche d'isolant verticale 17 est par exemple constituée d'une pluralité de panneaux de laine minérale (laine de verre ou laine de roche) disposés les uns à côté des autres. Les panneaux de laine minérale ont par exemple une compression à 10% supérieure ou égale à 30 kPa et un tassement sous charge répartie, selon le guide UEAtc, de classe B ou C. En variante, la couche d'isolant verticale 17 est constituée d'une pluralité de panneaux en mousse de polystyrène expansé ou de polyuréthane, disposés les uns à côté des autres. En variante, la couche d'isolant verticale 17 est en laine minérale roulée et est bourrée dans l'espace disponible entre la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment, le bac acier 3, la costière 4 et le profilé 19. La couche d'isolant verticale 17 participe à l'isolation thermique du bâtiment. Elle permet en particulier de diminuer les ponts thermiques entre la paroi verticale 1 et la costière 4.The vertical insulating layer 17 consists for example of a plurality of mineral wool panels (glass wool or rockwool) arranged next to each other. The mineral wool panels have, for example, a 10% compression greater than or equal to 30 kPa and a settlement under distributed load, according to the UEAtc guide, of class B or C. Alternatively, the vertical insulating layer 17 consists of a plurality of panels of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane, arranged next to each other. Alternatively, the vertical insulating layer 17 is rolled mineral wool and is filled in the space available between the vertical wall 1 of the building, the steel tank 3, the curb 4 and the section 19. The vertical insulating layer 17 participates in the thermal insulation of the building. In particular, it makes it possible to reduce the thermal bridges between the vertical wall 1 and the curb 4.

La figure 3 est une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention. La figure 3 comprend tous les éléments de la figure 2.The figure 3 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a third embodiment of the invention. The figure 3 includes all the elements of the figure 2 .

Le bâtiment selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 3 comprend en outre une deuxième couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 18, de pente réelle in situ au moins égale à 1%, disposée entre, d'une part, les bacs acier 3 recouverts de la couche étanche à l'air et, d'autre part, la partie sensiblement horizontale 40 de la costière 4, la surface sensiblement horizontale inférieure de la couche d'isolant verticale 17 et la première couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 6. En variante, la surface sensiblement horizontale inférieure de la couche d'isolant verticale 17 est disposée contre les bacs acier recouverts de la couche étanche à l'air.The building according to the embodiment of the figure 3 further comprises a second substantially horizontal insulating layer 18, with a real in situ slope of at least 1%, arranged between, on the one hand, the steel tanks 3 covered with the air-tight layer and, on the other hand, on the other hand, the substantially horizontal portion 40 of the curb 4, the substantially horizontal lower surface of the vertical insulating layer 17 and the first substantially horizontal insulating layer 6. Alternatively, the substantially horizontal lower surface of the vertical insulation 17 is disposed against the steel tanks covered with the airtight layer.

La deuxième couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 18 est de préférence constituée d'une pluralité de panneaux de laine minérale (laine de verre ou laine de roche) disposés les uns à côté des autres. Les panneaux de laine minérale ont de préférence une compression à 10% supérieure ou égale à 30 kPa et un tassement sous charge répartie, selon le guide UEAtc, de classe B ou C. En variante, la deuxième couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 18 est constituée d'une pluralité de panneaux en mousse de polystyrène expansé ou de polyuréthane, disposés les uns à côté des autres. La deuxième couche d'isolant sensiblement horizontale 18 participe à l'isolation thermique du bâtiment. Elle permet d'améliorer les performances thermiques du toit-terrasse, en particulier pour les bâtiments à basse consommation.The second substantially horizontal insulating layer 18 is preferably made of a plurality of mineral wool panels (glass wool or rockwool) arranged next to one another. The mineral wool panels preferably have a 10% compression greater than or equal to 30 kPa and a distributed load settlement, according to the UEAtc guide, of class B or C. Alternatively, the second substantially horizontal insulating layer 18 is consisting of a plurality of panels of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane, arranged next to each other. The second layer of substantially horizontal insulation 18 contributes to the thermal insulation of the building. It improves the thermal performance of the roof terrace, especially for low energy buildings.

La figure 4 est une vue en coupe schématique selon un plan vertical d'un détail de bâtiment selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention. La figure 4 comprend presque tous les éléments de la figure 3.The figure 4 is a schematic sectional view along a vertical plane of a building detail according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. The figure 4 includes almost every element of the figure 3 .

Sur la figure 4, la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment est constituée de plateaux ou cassettes métalliques fixé(e)s sur des poteaux verticaux en béton, en métal ou en bois. Les complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air sont fixés, à leur extrémité libre, par des vis 15 directement sur le dessus de la paroi verticale 1. Le feuillard 13 et le profilé 19 sont optionnels. En variante, les complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air peuvent être fixés à leur extrémité libre sur une surface verticale de la paroi verticale, comme dans le mode de réalisation des autres figures, avec ou sans feuillard 13 et avec ou sans profilé 19.On the figure 4 , the vertical wall 1 of the building consists of metal trays or cassettes fixed (e) s on vertical poles of concrete, metal or wood. The air tightness complexes 12 are fixed at their free end by screws 15 directly on the top of the vertical wall 1. The strip 13 and the profile 19 are optional. Alternatively, the air tightness complexes 12 may be attached at their free end to a vertical surface of the vertical wall, as in the embodiment of the other figures, with or without strip 13 and with or without profile 19 .

L'invention concerne également un procédé pour rendre étanche à l'air un bâtiment comprenant un toit-terrasse en bacs acier, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • disposition d'une pluralité de bacs acier 3 les uns à côté des autres sur une ossature,
    • disposition d'une pluralité de complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air côte à côte sur les bacs acier 3 pour former une couche étanche à l'air sur toute la surface du toit-terrasse, chaque complexe 12 d'étanchéité à l'air comprenant un feutre 120 en laine minérale surmonté d'un pare-vapeur 121 en aluminium, le feutre 120 en laine minérale étant orienté vers le bac acier 3 et le pare-vapeur 121 en aluminium se prolongeant sur un de ses bords par une languette 122, et collage de chaque languette 122 d'un complexe 12 d'étanchéité à l'air sur le bord d'un complexe 12 d'étanchéité à l'air adjacent,
    • à proximité d'un bord du toit-terrasse, disposition des complexes 12 d'étanchéité à l'air en partie sur les bacs acier 3 et en partie contre la paroi verticale 1 du bâtiment, de façon à faire remonter la couche étanche à l'air le long de la paroi verticale.
The invention also relates to a method for sealing a building comprising a roof terrace in steel tanks, the method comprising the following steps:
  • arranging a plurality of steel tanks 3 next to one another on a framework,
    • disposing a plurality of air-sealing complexes 12 side-by-side on the steel tanks 3 to form an air-tight layer over the entire surface of the roof-terrace, each sealing complex 12 to the air comprising a felt 120 mineral wool surmounted by a vapor barrier 121 of aluminum, the felt 120 mineral wool facing the steel tray 3 and the vapor barrier 121 aluminum extending on one of its edges by a tongue 122, and gluing each tongue 122 of an airtight complex 12 on the edge of an adjacent air-tightness complex 12,
    • near an edge of the roof terrace, provision of the air-tight complex 12 partly on the steel tanks 3 and partly against the vertical wall 1 of the building, so as to raise the watertight layer air along the vertical wall.

Le procédé décrit ci-dessus permet d'obtenir un bâtiment comprenant un toit-terrasse en bacs acier avec une étanchéité à l'air assurée (inférieure ou égale à 0,6 m3/(h.m2)) y compris aux points singuliers du toit-terrasse, qui soit facile à mettre en oeuvre et qui résiste au feu. Lorsque les bacs acier sont perforés ou crevés, le procédé décrit ci-dessus permet également d'obtenir un bâtiment comprenant un toit-terrasse ayant des performances acoustiques.The method described above makes it possible to obtain a building comprising a roof terrace in steel tanks with an assured airtightness (less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 )) including at the singular points of the roof-terrace, which is easy to implement and resistant to fire. When the steel tanks are perforated or punctured, the method described above also provides a building comprising a roof terrace with acoustic performance.

Claims (9)

  1. A building comprising:
    - a vertical wall (1),
    - a roof terrace (2) comprising:
    • a wall with an actual in situ slope at least equal to 1%, comprising a plurality of steel sheets (3) positioned next to one another on a framework,
    • an airtight layer positioned on the wall with an actual in situ slope at least equal to 1%, the airtight layer comprising a plurality of airtight complexes (12) positioned next to one another on the steel sheets (3), each airtight complex (12) comprising a felt (120) made from mineral wool surfaced with an aluminum vapor barrier (121), the aluminum vapor barrier (121) extending over one of its edges by a strip (122) glued on the edge of an adjacent airtight complex (12), and the mineral wool felt (120) being oriented toward the steel sheets (3),
    wherein, near at least one edge of the roof terrace, the airtight complexes (12) are positioned partly on the steel sheets (3) and partly against the vertical wall (1) so as to raise the airtight layer along the vertical wall.
  2. The building according to claim 1, further comprising a first insulating layer (6) positioned on the wall with an actual in situ slope at least equal to 1% covered with the airtight layer.
  3. The building according to claim 2, further comprising a bitumen or asphalt sealing complex (70, 71), the bitumen or asphalt sealing complex (70, 71) being positioned above the first insulating layer (6).
  4. The building according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a second insulating layer (18), positioned between the steel sheets (3) covered with the airtight layer and the first insulating layer (6).
  5. The building according to one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a skylight frame (4) in the form of a bracket with a substantially horizontal part (40) and a vertical part (41), the substantially horizontal part (40) of the skylight frame (4) being fastened on steel sheets (3) covered with the airtight layer and the vertical part (41) of the frame (4) being positioned against the vertical wall (1) of the building covered with the airtight layer.
  6. The building according to one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a vertical insulating layer (17) positioned above the steel sheets covered with the airtight layer, and against the vertical wall (1) covered with the airtight layer.
  7. The building according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vertical wall (1) is made up of masonry elements, wood elements, or metal plates or caskets.
  8. The building according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each airtight complex (12) positioned against the vertical wall is fastened on a vertical surface of the vertical wall (1) or on the top of the vertical wall (1).
  9. A method for making a building airtight comprising a roof terrace (2) made from steel sheets and a vertical wall (1), the method comprising the following steps:
    - positioning a plurality of steel sheets (3) on a framework to form a roof terrace (2),
    - positioning a plurality of airtight complexes (12) side by side on the steel sheets (3) to form an airtight layer and to make the roof terrace airtight, each airtight complex (12) comprising a mineral wool felt (120) topped by an aluminum vapor barrier (121), the mineral wool felt (120) being oriented toward the steel sheets (3) and the aluminum vapor barrier (121) extending on one of its edges by a strip (122), and gluing each strip (122) of an airtight complex (12) on the edge of an adjacent airtight complex (12),
    - near one edge of the roof terrace, positioning the airtight complexes (12) partly on the steel sheets (3) and partly against the vertical wall (1) of the building so as to cause the airtight layer to rise along the vertical wall.
EP12192574.7A 2011-11-16 2012-11-14 Building with a roof terrace made of trapezoidal sheets and method to make this building airtight Not-in-force EP2594701B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1160421A FR2982628B1 (en) 2011-11-16 2011-11-16 BUILDING COMPRISING A ROOF-TERRACE-BASED ROOF AND METHOD FOR AIR-TIGHTING SUCH A BUILDING

Publications (2)

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EP2594701A1 EP2594701A1 (en) 2013-05-22
EP2594701B1 true EP2594701B1 (en) 2017-09-13

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EP (1) EP2594701B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2982628B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104532965A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-04-22 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 Color plate greenhouse top face plate and side wall combination and installation structure
BE1027080B1 (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-24 Lorenzo Desloovere Watertight anchoring for the fixed attachment of elements to a building and associated working method
CN114482424B (en) * 2022-03-15 2023-03-31 南通新华建筑集团有限公司 Secondary pouring construction method for parapet wall with hidden rabbet

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4016323A (en) * 1975-09-29 1977-04-05 Volovsek Anton F Method and construction of roof system
US6088992A (en) * 1997-04-15 2000-07-18 Loadmaster Systems, Inc. Roof deck termination structure
US6167660B1 (en) * 1999-10-04 2001-01-02 Tremco Incorporated Counter flashing
US20050144850A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-07-07 Hageman John P. Roof having improved base sheet using metal/fabric layers with overhangs
EP1922453A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2008-05-21 Kingspan Research and Developments Limited A roof system
FR2951477A1 (en) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-22 Soprema Flexible screen for thermal insulation of roof of the buildings, comprises a layered structure with an inner layer of mattress or a non-woven felt of fibers or filaments, and two cladding layers located on either side of the inner layer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2982628A1 (en) 2013-05-17
FR2982628B1 (en) 2013-11-08
EP2594701A1 (en) 2013-05-22

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