EP0411963B1 - Fensterantenne - Google Patents

Fensterantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0411963B1
EP0411963B1 EP90308579A EP90308579A EP0411963B1 EP 0411963 B1 EP0411963 B1 EP 0411963B1 EP 90308579 A EP90308579 A EP 90308579A EP 90308579 A EP90308579 A EP 90308579A EP 0411963 B1 EP0411963 B1 EP 0411963B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductor
window glass
heater wires
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90308579A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0411963A3 (en
EP0411963A2 (de
Inventor
Harunori Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd. Murakami
Hidetoshi Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd. Oka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Publication of EP0411963A2 publication Critical patent/EP0411963A2/de
Publication of EP0411963A3 publication Critical patent/EP0411963A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0411963B1 publication Critical patent/EP0411963B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1278—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a window glass antenna for a motor vehicle, comprising: heater wires formed in a heating area on the window glass; a first antenna conductor formed in an upper blank area outside the heating area; a second antenna conductor formed in a lower blank area outside the heating area; and first and second feed terminals arranged respectively at opposite sides of the window glass for the output of received signals from, respectively, said first and second antenna conductors.
  • diversity reception using a plurality of antennas may be employed for reducing changes in reception gain caused by changes in the travelling direction of the vehicle.
  • FM broadcast diversity reception for example, a pole antenna attached on the body of the motor vehicle and an antenna comprising an antenna conductor on a rear glass window are used in a prior art.
  • the highest level reception signal is selected (cf. Japanese laid open patent application No. 140301/1985).
  • US-A-4 439 771 describes a window glass antenna of the kind defined hereinbefore at the beginning in which the second antenna conductor is connected to the second feed terminal by a lead wire to the lowermost heater wire, and the second feed terminal serves as the output terminal to heater wires, which function as a subsidiary antenna having a different directivity from that of a main antenna constituted by the first antenna conductor together with a plurality of other conductors connected thereto in an asymmetrical pattern.
  • JP-A-58 0706444 describes a window glass antenna in which, above a heating area with heating wires, two antennas with different patterns are provided to allow a choice of reception.
  • JP-A-58 070647 describes a window glass antenna in which a pattern of antenna conductors provided below a heating area is connected to the centre of the lowermost heater wire and to a first feed terminal at the lower right hand corner of the glass, and another pattern of antenna element, arranged above and separate from the heater wires, is connected to a second feed terminal at the lower right corner of the glass by a feeder line provided along a metallic window frame in which the glass is mounted.
  • a window glass antenna of the kind defined hereinbefore at the beginning is characterised in that the first antenna conductor is a center feed antenna conductor having a central feed point which is coupled to the first feed terminal through a feed conductor and has a single horizontal element and a vertical element connected between the central feed point and the center of the horizontal element to form an inverse "T" shape, and in that the second antenna conductor has a main element capacitively RF-coupled to the lowermost heater wire.
  • the location of the first and second antenna conductors is asymmetrical with respect to a center line of the window glass.
  • the directivities of the antenna conductors complement each other. A non-directional reception characteristic is thus achieved by diversity reception.
  • Fig. 1 is shows a rear glass window 1 of a motor vehicle according to this invention.
  • a plurality of defogging heater wires 2 is formed in parallel to each other through a printing and a baking processes.
  • the heater wires 2 are divided into upper and lower groups.
  • Power is fed through bus bars 3 and 4 through a return path via a common bus bar 5.
  • Another power feed system may be arranged in which heater wires 2 are not divided into two groups so that a current flows from a side bus bar to another side bus bar.
  • the heater wires 2 are used as an AM radio wave reception antenna.
  • Magnetically coupled choke coils 8a and 8b are inserted into power supply lines 7a and 7b.
  • the choke coils provide the heater wires 2 with large impedance to ground at radio frequencies.
  • the power supply line 7a is coupled to a main power supply through a switch 6 and the power supply line 7b is coupled to ground.
  • Antenna conductors 10 and 11 are arranged on upper and lower blank areas of the window glass 1.
  • the upper antenna conductor 10 is exclusively used for FM broadcast reception.
  • the lower antenna conductor 11 is used both for AM and FM broadcast receptions.
  • a diversity reception is performed for FM broadcast reception with using the upper and lower antenna conductors 10 and 11.
  • Asymmetrical arrangement of conductors is employed with respect to the center line of the glass window for satisfactory FM diversity reception.
  • a feed terminal 10a of the upper antenna conductor 10 is located at the right side (viewed from inside of a car) of the glass window 1 and a feed terminal 11a of the lower antenna conductor 11 is located at left side.
  • the antenna conductor 10 comprises horizontal elements 10b - 10g.
  • a main element 10b is a single element antenna of about 800 mm in length and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the glass window 1.
  • a vertical coupling conductor 10h is connected to form an antenna of generally inverse letter-T configuration.
  • the coupling conductor 10h is connected to a feeder conductor 10i arranged along an upper edge of the glass window 1.
  • An end of the feeder conductor 10i is connected to the feed terminal 10a located at the side end of the glass window 1.
  • the feeder conductor 10i is 3 mm in width and made wider than other conductors so that impedance matching is satisfied between a feeder cable of 50 ⁇ to be connected to the feed terminal 10a and the inverse T-antenna comprising the main element 10b and the coupling conductor 10h.
  • the feeder conductor 10i has a desired capacitance to ground which is produced by capacitive coupling to a window frame (ground potential) near the upper edge of the glass window. A desired impedance measured at the feed terminal 10a is obtained.
  • Horizontal elements 10d and 10f are extended from the bus bar 3 of the heater wires 2 parallel with the main element 10b. These horizontal elements are capacitively coupled with the main element 10b so as to tune the antenna in directivity. Respective ends of the horizontal elements 10d and 10f are located at 300 mm and 400 mm away from the center line of the window 1.
  • a short-circuiting conductor 10j of 4 mm in width is provided along the center line of the glass window 1 to short-circuit all of upper group of the heater wires 2.
  • a horizontal element 10g is extended from an end of the short-circuit conductor 10j toward the bus bar 3 so as to couple capacitively with the element 10h for improving directivity.
  • An end of the horizontal element 10g is located at 500 mm away from the center line of the glass window 1.
  • the short-circuit conductor 10j connects equipotential points of the heater wires 2 so that no short-circuiting current actually flows through the short-circuit conductor 10j.
  • the spacing between lines 10d - 10b, 10b - 10f, 10f - 10g and 10g - heater wires 2 are respectively 10, 15, 7.5 and 7.5 mm.
  • a horizontal auxiliary element 10e of 165 mm in length is extended from the feed terminal 10a so as to tune the antenna in directivity as well as high frequency characteristic.
  • the above-mentioned elements 10d, 10h, 10g and 10e. improve reception directivity of the main element 10b on the left side thereof. These elements are arranged generally on the right side of the center line of the glass window 1.
  • the antenna conductor 10 is thus arranged asymmetrically in general with respect to the center line of the glass window 1.
  • the lower antenna conductor 11 has a horizontal main element 11b extended from the feed terminal 11a parallel with the heater wires 2 at a spacing of 2 mm.
  • the main element 10b is capacitively coupled to the heater wires 2 to serve as an antenna for reception of both AM and FM waves induced on the heater wires 2.
  • the lower group of the heater wires 2 serves as ground circuitry i.e. a return path of a heater current so that noises in a heater power supply do not propagate directly from the heater wires 2 to the main element 11b. No significant noise is perceptible in a received signal.
  • An end of the main element 11b is located at 210 mm away from the center line of the glass window 1.
  • Auxiliary horizontal elements 11c, 11d and 11e are extended from bus bars 3 and 5 of the heater wires 2 for improving directivity and frequency characteristics of the main element 11b.
  • the heater wires 2 are thus tuned as an antenna.
  • the element 11c is extended horizontally from the lower end of the common bus bar 5 to apoint 150 mm away from the center line of the glass window with a spacing of 30 mm from the heater wires 2.
  • the element 11d is extended from the lower end of the bus bar 3 along the right side of the glass window 1 and then extended horizontally to a position 410 mm away from the center line of the glass window 1 with a spacing of 15 mm from the heater wires 2.
  • the element 11e is extended from the upper end of the common bus bar 5 along a corner portion and upper side of the glass window 1 to a position 150 mm away from the center line.
  • Fig. 2 shows directivity of antenna conductors 10 and 11 with respect to FM broadcast wave of 95 MHz.
  • the directivity of dotted line D10 corresponds to the antenna conductor 10 and the directivity of a solid line D11 corresponds to the antenna conductor 11.
  • a dip in the gain of the lower antenna 11 appearing on the right side of the course of a travelling car is complemented by the gain of the upper antenna conductor 10.
  • a dip appearing on the left side of the course of a travelling car is complemented by the gain of the lower antenna conductor 11.
  • Diversity reception is achieved by selecting the received signal having the higher level from the complementary antenna conductors 10 and 11 on the basis of comparison of these signals. A stable reception signal is obtained regardless of changes of traveling direction of the car.
  • the lower antenna conductor 11 functions as an AM reception antenna.
  • the heater wires 2 are operable as an antenna conductor since the wires are relatively long.
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing a relation between AM reception sensitivity and coupling capacitance of the main antenna element 11 to the heater wires 2. Differences in sensitivity are plotted with reference to that (0dB) of a rear pole antenna 1200 mm long. The difference reaches the reference when the coupling capacitance exceeds 60 pF, and saturates at 70 pF or more.
  • the main element 11b and the heater wires 2 are spaced by 2 mm to give capacitive coupling not less than 70 pF so that an AM reception signal is obtained by the antenna conductor 11 with a sufficient gain.
  • Fig. 4 shows reception gains of the upper antenna conductor 10 for FM broadcast frequencies in the range 80 - 110 MHz in cases where width of the feeder conductor 10i in Fig. 1 is 1 mm and 3 mm as respectively shown by a dotted line and a solid line.
  • reception gains over the lower end and upper end of the FM broadcast band are respectively improved when the width of the feeder conductor 10i is 3 mm.
  • Frequency characteristics are improved over a wide range.
  • the feeder conductor 10i is extended from the center line of the window glass 1 toward right side to the feed terminal 10a and operates as an antenna element which serves to improve reception gain on the right side of the course of travel.
  • Fig. 5 shows reception gains of the lower antenna conductor 11 in a range 80 - 110 MHz in the cases where the horizontal elements 11c and 11e are extended from the common bus 5 of the heater wires 2 and where these elements 11c and 11e are removed, respectively as shown by a solid line A and a dotted line B .
  • the FM radio wave current induced in the heater wires 2 is changed by extending the elements 11c and 11e from the common bus bar 5 of the heater wires 2. Frequency bands over which a good sensitivity is obtained shift relative to each other as shown by the graph.
  • These elements 11c and 11e are arranged on the left side of the glass window 1 so that it operates to improve reception gain of the lower antenna conductor 11 on the left side of the course of travel.
  • Fig. 6 shows gain characteristics in the band 80 - 110 MHz for a case (solid line A ) where the short-circuiting conductor 10j is applied to the heater wires 2 in Fig. 1 and the horizontal element 10g is extended, from an end of the conductor 10j, parallel to the heater wires 2, and another case (dotted line B ) where these conductors 10j and 10g are not used.
  • FM radio frequency current induced in the heater wires 2 is changed by attaching these conductors 10j and 10g.
  • the gain characteristic is shifted as shown by the graph.
  • the horizontal elements 10g is extended on the left side of the glass window 1 so that it operates to improve reception gain of the upper antenna conductor 10 on the left side of the course of travel.
  • Fig. 7 shows reception gains in the band 80 - 110 MHz in a case (solid line A ) where the horizontal elements 10d and 10f are extended from the bus bar 3 of the heater wires 2 as shown in Fig. 1 to capacitively couple with the main element 10b on both sides (upper and lower sides) thereof and another case (dotted line B ) where the elements 10d and 10f are not used.
  • the effect on the main element 10b of the heater wires 2 can be changed by capacitive coupling of horizontal elements 10d and 10f with the main element 10b at a distance within 15 mm.
  • the gain characteristic is shifted as shown by the graph.
  • These horizontal elements 10d and 10f operate to improve a gain of the upper antenna conductor 10 on the right side of the course of travel.
  • a reception system in which no preamplifier is employed can be arranged so that a reception signal of high quality is received without distortion even in a strong radio wave field.
  • reception gains of the first and second antenna conductors are improved.
  • Complementary characteristics of the first and second antenna elements provide a diversity reception system with high performance.

Claims (6)

  1. Fensterantenne für ein Kraftfahrzeug, enthaltend:
    - Heizdrähte (2) in einem Heizbereich des Fensterglases (1);
    - einen ersten Antennenleiter (10) in einem oberen leeren Bereich außerhalb des Heizbereichs;
    - einen zweiten Antennenleiter (11) in einem unteren leeren Bereich außerhalb des Heizbereichs; und
    - erste sowie zweite Speiseanschlüsse (10a, 11a) anjeweils gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Fensterglases zur Ausgabe empfangener Signale von den jeweiligen ersten und zweiten Antennenleitern (10, 11),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Antennenleiter (10) ein Zentralspeiseantennenleiter mit einem zentralen Speisepunkt ist, welcher mit dem ersten Speiseanschluß (10a) über einen Speiseleiter (10i) gekoppelt ist, und ein einzelnes horizontales Element (10b) sowie ein vertikales Element (10h) aufweist, das zwischen dem zentralen Speisepunkt und dem Zentrum des horizontalen Elements (10b) geschaltet ist, um eine inverse "T"-Form zu erhalten, und daß der zweite Antennenleiter (11) ein Hauptelement (11b) aufweist, das mit dem untersten Heizdraht (2) kapazitiv RF-gekoppelt ist.
  2. Fensterantenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Linienleiter (10d, 10f) kapazitiv mit dem horizontalen Element (10b) gekoppelt sind und von einer Sammelschiene (3) für die Heizdrähte (2) ausgehen, die an der Seite des ersten Speiseanschlusses (10a) angeordnet ist.
  3. Fensterantenne nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Linienleiter zwei Elemente (10d, 10f) aufweisen, die entlang der oberen und unteren Seite des horizontalen Elements (10b) angeordnet sind.
  4. Fensterantenne nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch
    - einen Kurzschlußleiter (10j), der eine Gruppe von Heizdrähten (2) in ihrem Zentrum kurzschließt; und
    - ein Leitungselement (10g), das sich von einem oberen Ende des Kurzschlußleiters (10j) parallel zum horizontalen Element (10b) im wesentlichen in Richtung des ersten Speiseanschlusses (10a) erstreckt.
  5. Fensterantenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß horizontale Hilfselemente (11c, 11e) von einer Sammelschiene (5) der Heizdrähte (2) an der Seite des zweiten Speiseanschlusses (11a) ausgehen und im oberen sowie unteren leeren Bereich des Fensterglases liegen, um die Antennencharakteristik der Heizdrähte (2) zu verbessern.
  6. Fensterantenne nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein horizontales Hilfselement (11d) von der Sammelschiene (3) der Heizdrähte (2) an der Seite des ersten Speiseanschlusses (10a) ausgeht und im unteren leeren Bereich liegt.
EP90308579A 1989-08-03 1990-08-03 Fensterantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0411963B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1202008A JP2515158B2 (ja) 1989-08-03 1989-08-03 自動車用窓ガラスアンテナ
JP202008/89 1989-08-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0411963A2 EP0411963A2 (de) 1991-02-06
EP0411963A3 EP0411963A3 (en) 1991-05-08
EP0411963B1 true EP0411963B1 (de) 1995-06-21

Family

ID=16450396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90308579A Expired - Lifetime EP0411963B1 (de) 1989-08-03 1990-08-03 Fensterantenne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0411963B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2515158B2 (de)
AU (1) AU636157B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2022953C (de)
DE (1) DE69020256T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2073534T3 (de)
ZA (1) ZA905864B (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0588514B1 (de) * 1992-09-15 1998-09-23 Ford Motor Company Hybride Monopol-/logarithmisch periodische Antenne
JPH06177625A (ja) * 1992-10-06 1994-06-24 Central Glass Co Ltd 自動車用ガラスアンテナ
DE4323239C2 (de) * 1993-07-12 1998-04-09 Fuba Automotive Gmbh Antennenstruktur für eine Kraftfahrzeug-Heckscheibe
JP3458975B2 (ja) * 1993-12-28 2003-10-20 マツダ株式会社 車両用ガラスアンテナ及びその設定方法
JP3460217B2 (ja) * 1996-06-20 2003-10-27 マツダ株式会社 車両用ガラスアンテナ及びその設定方法
DE10359223A1 (de) * 2003-12-17 2005-07-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fahrzeugscheibenantenne
JP4324037B2 (ja) 2004-07-02 2009-09-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両用内装材構造
DE102007057714A1 (de) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Antennenanordnung sowie Verfahren
JP5446536B2 (ja) 2008-09-12 2014-03-19 セントラル硝子株式会社 ガラスアンテナ
JP6459650B2 (ja) 2015-03-09 2019-01-30 セントラル硝子株式会社 自動車用ガラスアンテナ
GB201608383D0 (en) 2016-05-12 2016-06-29 Pilkington Group Ltd Connector for antennas, a glazing comprising the connector and an antenna system comprising the connector

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6329307U (de) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-26
JPS63138408U (de) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-12
JPS63269625A (ja) * 1987-04-27 1988-11-07 Mazda Motor Corp 自動車のアンテナ装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52147622A (en) * 1976-06-03 1977-12-08 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Window glass having defogger hot wire for vehicles
JPS5642401A (en) * 1979-09-13 1981-04-20 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Heating plate glass for antenna extension
CA1118621A (en) * 1979-11-01 1982-02-23 Lawrence C. Smyth Method and jig for making optical fiber couplers
JPS57188102A (en) * 1981-05-15 1982-11-19 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna for automobile
JPS6033525B2 (ja) * 1981-10-12 1985-08-03 株式会社クボタ 分離装置
JPS5870644A (ja) * 1981-10-22 1983-04-27 Toyota Motor Corp 自動車用受信装置
JPS5870647A (ja) * 1981-10-22 1983-04-27 Toyota Motor Corp 自動車用受信装置
JPH0277910U (de) * 1988-08-24 1990-06-14
JPH066582Y2 (ja) * 1988-03-31 1994-02-16 日本板硝子株式会社 自動車用窓ガラスアンテナ

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6329307U (de) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-26
JPS63138408U (de) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-12
JPS63269625A (ja) * 1987-04-27 1988-11-07 Mazda Motor Corp 自動車のアンテナ装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2073534T3 (es) 1995-08-16
ZA905864B (en) 1991-05-29
JPH0365803A (ja) 1991-03-20
AU636157B2 (en) 1993-04-22
EP0411963A3 (en) 1991-05-08
DE69020256T2 (de) 1996-02-08
CA2022953C (en) 1999-09-21
EP0411963A2 (de) 1991-02-06
CA2022953A1 (en) 1991-02-04
AU5976990A (en) 1991-02-07
DE69020256D1 (de) 1995-07-27
JP2515158B2 (ja) 1996-07-10

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