EP0410202B1 - Additif pour combustibles à base de gaz liquéfié - Google Patents

Additif pour combustibles à base de gaz liquéfié Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0410202B1
EP0410202B1 EP90113163A EP90113163A EP0410202B1 EP 0410202 B1 EP0410202 B1 EP 0410202B1 EP 90113163 A EP90113163 A EP 90113163A EP 90113163 A EP90113163 A EP 90113163A EP 0410202 B1 EP0410202 B1 EP 0410202B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
derivatives
carbon atoms
vol
additive according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90113163A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0410202A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Sprügel
Werner Angerer
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Individual
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Priority to AT90113163T priority Critical patent/ATE81149T1/de
Publication of EP0410202A1 publication Critical patent/EP0410202A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/04—Cleaning of, preventing corrosion or erosion in, or preventing unwanted deposits in, combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an additive for liquid gas fuels for corrosion protection, aging protection, preventing the deposition of deposits on engine parts and keeping the exhaust gas clean from internal combustion engines operated with the liquid gas, in particular gas engines.
  • liquid mineral oil components such as the gasoline normally used
  • natural gas that are present to fall back on, in particular in the form of liquefied natural gas, hereinafter referred to as liquefied gas.
  • the normally available liquid gases contain mixtures of C7- and / or C8-alkanes, such as propane, butane or isobutane, which products in oil refineries as a by-product in the distillation and cracking of natural gas as well as in the processing of natural gas attack.
  • propane, butane and isobutane can be contained in any proportions in the liquid gas and, because they contain little or no sulfur-containing or nitrogen-containing constituents, only give water and carbon dioxide as combustion products.
  • an additive for liquid hydrocarbon fuels which contains an alcohol with no more than 4 carbon atoms, an aliphatic ester with no more than 6 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a halogenated alkene Contains 3 or fewer carbon atoms in the alkene chain, an aliphatic hydrocarbon with a 50% boiling point between 115 ° and 182 ° C and a hydroxy-substituted, unsaturated acid with 16 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • This additive can be used especially for petrol and diesel ⁇ l to improve combustion efficiency and for clean combustion.
  • the liquid gas available from the refineries contains small amounts of unsaturated compounds which, as a result of polymerization and oxidation reactions, form resinous, lacquer-like and also acidic substances which are deposited in the entire liquid gas system and cause corrosion can.
  • these substance mixtures accumulate in the evaporator system of the liquid gas internal combustion engine and are solidified there due to the high temperatures and a sufficiently long dwell time, and are deposited in the form of solid, hard-to-remove deposits.
  • engine pollution from the aged liquefied petroleum gas increases in the area of the intake system, which also has an unfavorable influence on the exhaust gas composition with regard to hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide.
  • US-A-3 860 430 describes film-forming amine emulsions which contain an aliphatic film-forming amine and a tertiary amine containing polyoxyalkylene groups as the dispersant. These emulsions serve to form a protective coating against the corrosive attack of metal surfaces exposed to aqueous media.
  • the object of the present invention is now to provide an additive for liquid gas fuels with which these problems can be solved, that is to say the formation of resin-like or rubber-like precipitates during the storage of the liquid gas and the deposition of these products in the fuel lines, the evaporator system, the injectors and the valves can be prevented and the exhaust gas quality can be improved.
  • the additive contains 40 to 50% by volume of the nitrogenous solvent, 40 to 50% of the nitrogenous dispersant, 1 to 5% by volume of the nitrogenous corrosion inhibitor and 1 to 5% by volume .-% of the oxidation inhibitor.
  • the nitrogen-containing corrosion inhibitor c) and the oxidation inhibitor d) generally have higher boiling points, but are contained in such small amounts in the additive and in particular in the liquid gas that they are entrained by the liquid gas and likewise do not accumulate.
  • the additive according to the invention may also contain additional constituents, such as dyes, odor improvers and agents for inhibiting heavy metals, such as for example copper, in each case in amounts of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the mixture of components a) to d).
  • additional constituents such as dyes, odor improvers and agents for inhibiting heavy metals, such as for example copper, in each case in amounts of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the mixture of components a) to d).
  • the additive is either in the form of a mixture of the essential components or in the form of a solution in an alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably with a content of 50 to 200% by volume of the alkanol, based on 100% by volume of the components a) to d), in particular in the form of a 1: 1 solution in methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol and / or butanol.
  • the additive according to the invention is added to the liquid gas in an amount of 25 to 1000 ppm, more preferably 50 to 400 ppm, calculated as a mixture of the components a) to d).
  • the additive according to the invention contains as nitrogen-containing solvent a) at least one compound selected from the formamide derivatives, thioformamide derivatives, N-alkyl-pyrrolidone derivatives with 1 or 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, acetamide derivatives, sec. -N-alkanolamines and tert. -N-alkanolamines each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and nitroparaffins having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the nitrogen-containing solvent a) methylformamide, dimethylformamide, ethylformamide, diethylformamide, methylethylformamide, ethylpropylformamide, methylthioformamide, dimethylthioformamide, ethylthioformamide, diethylthioformamide, methylethylthioformamide, ethylpropylthioformamide, 2-methyl-n-solid, N-methyl-n-methyl-N-methyl-N-methyl-N-methyl-N-methyl -Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, methylacetamide, dimethylacetamide, ethyl acetamide, diethylacetamide, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine, bis (3-hydroxypropyl) amine, bis (4-hydroxybutyl) amine, 2-hydroxyethyl-3-hydroxypropylamine, Hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxybutylamine, 2-hydroxyethyl-4-hydroxybutyl
  • the additive claimed contains, as nitrogenous dispersant b), morpholine, morpholine derivatives, thiomorpholine, thiomorpholine derivatives and cyclohexylamine.
  • nitrogenous dispersant b morpholine, morpholine derivatives, thiomorpholine, thiomorpholine derivatives and cyclohexylamine.
  • morpholine derivatives are N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-propylmorpholine, N-formylmorpholine, N-acetylmorpholine, N-propionylmorpholine, N-methylthiomorpholine, N-ethylthiomorpholine, N-formylthiomorpholine and N-acetylthiomoline.
  • More preferred nitrogen-containing solvents a) are dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide.
  • Morpholine is particularly preferred according to the invention.
  • the additive claimed contains primary, secondary and tertiary alkylamines with 6 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups and alkylenediamines with 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical.
  • Primary alkylamines having 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals, and also propylenediamine, ethylenediamine and hexylenediamine are particularly preferred.
  • the additive of the invention can preferably be representatives from the diphenylamine, alkyl-diphenylamine derivatives with 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, thiodiphenylamine, alkylthiodiphenylamine derivatives with 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, diaminobenzene derivatives and diaminoalkylbenzene derivatives with 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical , specifically 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butylphenol or mixtures thereof, and 2,4,6, -tri-tert-octyl- phenol, and alkyl salicylates containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
  • the nitrogen-containing solvent a) used according to the invention brings about the solution of the possibly formed, insoluble oxidation products and prevents their deposition on the surfaces which come into contact with the liquid gas.
  • the nitrogen-containing dispersing or wetting agent b) keeps the possibly present impurities, which are not or only colloidally soluble, in suspension or in the form of an emulsion, influences the surface tension and promotes combustion and provides vapor phase corrosion protection.
  • the nitrogen-containing corrosion inhibitor c) prevents the corrosion of the surfaces coming into contact with the liquid gas by cation activity on the surfaces and by binding of oxygen, carbon dioxide and moisture and by neutralization of acidic groups such as sulfate groups or reactive functional groups.
  • the oxidation inhibitor d) serves to suppress polycondensation and to polymerize the portions with double bond and multiple double bond present in the liquid gas.
  • An additive is formed by mixing the following components: 44.5% by volume of dimethylformamide 47.5 vol% morpholine 4.0% by volume of a mixture of primary alkylamines having 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical (Primene 81-R) and 4.0% by volume of a mixture of 75% 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 25% of a mixture of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di- tert-butyl phenol and 2-tert-butyl phenol.
  • This additive mixture is added to a commercially available liquid gas in an amount of 250 ppm.
  • a test engine based on the Euro standard CECT-02-T79 is operated with the liquid gas treated in this way with the additive. Even after a 40-hour engine run, no deposits can be found on the surface of the evaporator or on the valve plates.
  • the exhaust gas composition with regard to the content measured on carbon monoxide (CO in vol .-%) and on hydrocarbons (HC in ppm).
  • CO in vol .-% carbon monoxide
  • HC in ppm hydrocarbons
  • FIG. 1 shows the influencing of the CO content of the exhaust gas by the additive according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the influencing of the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust gas by the additive according to the invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Additif pour carburants à base de gaz liquéfié, caractérisé par une teneur de
    a) 30 à 60 % en volume d'au moins un solvant azoté, choisi parmi les dérivés de formamide, les dérivés de thioformamide, les dérivés de N-alkylpyrrolidone comportant de 1 à 2 atomes de carbone dans le reste alkyle, les dérivés d'acétamide, les N-alcanolamines secondaires ou N-alcanolamines tertiaires à reste alkyle en C⁵Π⁸ et les nitroparaffines en C⁵Π¾,
    b) 30 à 60 % en volume d'au moins un agent dispersant azoté, choisi parmi la morpholine et ses dérivés, la thiomorpholine et ses dérivés, et la cyclohexylamine,
    c) 0,5 à 10 % en volume d'au moins un agent anticorrosion azoté, choisi parmi les alkylamines primaires, secondaires et tertiaires, comportant de 6 à 14 atomes de carbone dans les groupes alkyle, et les alkylènediamines comportant de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone dans le groupe alkylène, et
    d) 0,5 à 10 % en volume d'au moins un anti-oxydant, avec la condition que la somme des constituants vaille 100%.
  2. Additif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient
    a) 40 à 50 % en volume du solvant azoté,
    b) 40 à 50 % en volume du dispersant azoté,
    c) 1 à 5 % en volume de l'agent anticorrosion azoté, et
    d) 1 à 5 % en volume de l'anti-oxydant.
  3. Additif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le solvant azoté a) possède une masse moléculaire de 120 au maximum.
  4. Additif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispersant azoté b) possède une masse moléculaire de 120 au maximum.
  5. Additif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le solvant azoté a) est choisi dans le groupe comprenant:
    méthylformamide, diméthylformamide, éthylformamide, diéthylformamide, méthyl-éthylformamide, éthyl-propylformamide, méthylthioformamide, diméthylthioformamide, éthylthioformamide, diéthylthioformamide, méthyl-éthylthioformamide, éthylpropylthioformamide, N-méthyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-éthyl-2-pyrrolidone, méthylacétamide, diméthylacétamide, éthylacétamide, diéthylacétamide, bis(2-hydroxyéthyl)amine, bis(3-hydroxypropyl)amine, bis(4-hydroxybutyl)amine, 2-hydroxyéthyl-3-hydroxypropyl-amine, hydroxyméthyl-4-hydroxybutyl-amine, 2-hydroxyéthyl-4-hydroxybutyl-amine, tris(2-hydroxyéthyl)amine, tris(3-hydroxypropyl)amine, tris(4-hydroxybutyl)amine, 2-hydroxyéthyl-3-hydroxypropyl-4-hydroxybutyl-amine, bis(2-hydroxyéthyl)-3-hydroxypropyl-amine, nitrométhane, nitroéthane, nitropropane, nitrobutane, nitropentane, nitrohexane, nitroheptane et nitrooctane, ainsi que les dérivés nitrés des isomères correspondants de ces composés.
  6. Additif selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient, comme dispersant b), au moins un composé choisi parmi N-méthylmorpholine, N-éthylmorpholine, N-propylmorpholine, N-formylmorpholine, N-acétylmorpholine, N-propionylmorpholine, N-méthylthiomorpholine, N-éthylthiomorpholine, N-formylthiomorpholine et N-acétylthiomorpholine.
  7. Additif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient, comme agent anticorrosion c), au moins une amine primaire comportant de 12 à 14 atomes de carbone dans le reste alkyle, de la propylènediamine, de l'éthylènediamine et/ou de l'hexylènediamine.
  8. Additif selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient, comme anti-oxydant d), au moins un composé choisi parmi diphénylamine, dérivés d'alkyl-diphénylamine comportant de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone dans le reste alkyle, thiodiphénylamine, dérivés d'alkyl-thiodiphénylamine comportant de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone dans le reste alkyle, dérivés de diaminobenzène et dérivés de diaminoalkylbenzène comportant de 3 à 8 atomes de carbone dans le reste alkyle, dérivés d'alkylphénol, à savoir 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphénol, 2,4,-di-tert-butylphénol, 2-tert-butylphénol ou leurs mélanges, ainsi que 2,4,6-tri-tert-octylphénol, et alkylsalicylates comportant de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone dans le reste alkyle.
  9. Additif selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient, comme constituants supplémentaires, des colorants, des correcteurs d'odeur et/ou des inhibiteurs de métaux lourds, à raison de 0,1 à 5 % en poids par rapport au mélange des constituants a) à d).
  10. Additif selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient, comme solvant, de 50 à 200 % en volume d'un alcanol en C⁵Π⁸, par rapport à 100 % en volume de constituants a) à d).
EP90113163A 1989-07-25 1990-07-10 Additif pour combustibles à base de gaz liquéfié Expired - Lifetime EP0410202B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90113163T ATE81149T1 (de) 1989-07-25 1990-07-10 Additiv fuer fluessiggas-treibstoffe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3924596A DE3924596C1 (fr) 1989-07-25 1989-07-25
DE3924596 1989-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0410202A1 EP0410202A1 (fr) 1991-01-30
EP0410202B1 true EP0410202B1 (fr) 1992-09-30

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Family Applications (1)

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EP90113163A Expired - Lifetime EP0410202B1 (fr) 1989-07-25 1990-07-10 Additif pour combustibles à base de gaz liquéfié

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5312459A (fr)
EP (1) EP0410202B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE81149T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3924596C1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0410202T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2035685T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3006214T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1269312B (it) * 1994-04-14 1997-03-26 Enichem Sintesi Procedimento per marcare solventi organici industriali ed idrocarburi utilizzati come combustibili
US5558685A (en) * 1994-09-19 1996-09-24 Texaco Inc. Non-metallic anti-knock fuel additive
US6036888A (en) * 1997-08-22 2000-03-14 Betzdearborn Inc. Corrosion inhibitor for alkanolamine units
WO2000023542A1 (fr) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-27 Mobil Oil Australia Pty Ltd Composition d'additif dispersant pour gaz de petrole liquifie d'automobile (gpl)
FR2868790B1 (fr) * 2004-04-08 2008-07-25 Arkema Sa Melange odorisant pour combustible gazeux inodore
DE102005007100A1 (de) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-17 Solvent Innovation Gmbh Prozess- bzw. Arbeitsmaschine mit ionischer Flüssigkeit als Betriebsflüssigkeit
DE102007005863B4 (de) 2007-02-06 2009-12-24 Sprügel, Friedrich A. Additiv für Flüssiggas-Treibstoffe und seine Verwendung
US20090011968A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-08 Paul Hughett Upper engine cleaning adaptors used to connect a pressurized unit containing an upper engine cleaner to the vehicles plenum
DE102007036217A1 (de) 2007-08-02 2009-02-05 Tunap Industrie Chemie Gmbh & Co. Produktions Kg Zusatzstoff-Dosiersystem für gasbetriebene Verbrennungsmotoren sowie Verfahren zum dosierten Zuführen eines Zusatzstoffes in einen Gastank

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US1833429A (en) * 1929-08-28 1931-11-24 Gen Motors Res Corp Method and means for removing carbon deposits
US2582138A (en) * 1947-06-19 1952-01-08 Nat Aluminate Corp Corrosion inhibiting composition for steam systems
US2641539A (en) * 1950-04-12 1953-06-09 Universal Oil Prod Co Preventing discoloration of fuel oil
FR1111136A (fr) * 1954-08-20 1956-02-22 Standard Oil Dev Co Carburant perfectionné pour moteurs
US2918359A (en) * 1957-06-17 1959-12-22 Exxon Research Engineering Co Motor fuel
DE1645746A1 (de) * 1966-10-07 1970-01-02 Hoechst Ag Fluessige Brennstoffe
US3701641A (en) * 1969-08-29 1972-10-31 Cities Service Oil Co Stabilized distillate hydrocarbon fuel oil compositions and additives therefor
US3860430A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-01-14 Calgon Corp Filming amine emulsions
US3989476A (en) * 1974-06-19 1976-11-02 The Lubrizol Corporation Fuels containing N-substituted morpholines
CS202494B1 (cs) * 1979-05-30 1981-01-30 Jitka Nemcova Inhibitor koroze kovů a baktericidním účinkem
US4451266A (en) * 1982-01-22 1984-05-29 John D. Barclay Additive for improving performance of liquid hydrocarbon fuels
FR2528064B1 (fr) * 1982-06-02 1986-04-04 Union Gaz Modernes Carburant pour moteur a explosion constitue par le melange d'un gaz carburant et d'un additif liquide
US4915857A (en) * 1987-05-11 1990-04-10 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Amine compatibility aids in lubricating oil compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5312459A (en) 1994-05-17
GR3006214T3 (fr) 1993-06-21
DK0410202T3 (da) 1992-11-02
EP0410202A1 (fr) 1991-01-30
DE3924596C1 (fr) 1990-11-29
ES2035685T3 (es) 1993-04-16
ATE81149T1 (de) 1992-10-15
DE59000329D1 (en) 1992-11-05

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