EP0402816B1 - Grandstand with side walls - Google Patents

Abstract

The grandstand (50) has a supporting structure (51) which is formed by posts (67), bracing frames (75.1, 75.2), horizontal bars (73), diagonal stays (74) and side walls (62, 63, 64, 65, 66). Floor members (52) are supported thereon. Railings (55, 58) can be provided. The side walls are arranged, given equal lengths of the linear basic-grid dimension, at different inclinations, so that grandstands adapted to the particular circumstances and having good visibility conditions can be constructed from basic elements usable according to a unit construction system. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a demountable grandstand with running floors, possibly seats, possibly stairs, possibly railings and possibly roofs, with a supporting structure with vertical supports and with horizontal and diagonal, connecting and supporting elements, with supports, Horizontal and diagonal, connecting and supporting elements of scaffold posts and / or scaffold frames, horizontal girders, horizontal bars, straight bars, couplings and associated components of a scaffolding system constructed in the lengths of a grid structure according to an arrangement scheme and being for the stepped ones Support of running floors and, if applicable, seats with stepped cheek parts equipped with connection elements matched to the scaffolding system are provided, in which the lower and possibly upper connections of the supports as well as horizontal distances of the supports correspond to the length-grid dimension of the scaffolding system and the cheek parts have vertically standing pipe sections which with St corner connections are equipped for connection to adjacent cheek parts or stems, and at least the rear pipe section has at least one perforated disc for connecting scaffolding elements with connection heads and securing elements that can be plugged onto the perforated disc, and wherein to support the running floors, running floor designs designed as open U profiles Holders are arranged.

There are many different designs of demountable stands. These were mostly designed for smaller events, while for grand auditoriums, grandstands were usually built as reinforced concrete structures or on earth walls in the manner of the old theaters.

From DE-OS-35 19 718 a support structure for stands with the features of the preamble of claim 1 has become known. The cheek parts used here are designed for a specific length grid and for a specific slope. They are also not designed for particularly high loads and, above all, not for very variable stands. In the case of demountable grandstands, however, corresponding cheek parts are required, which make it possible to build all the grandstands in question from a single supporting structure program, depending on the desired gradient conditions and the walkways under consideration with benches, bucket seats, chairs or standing room. As much of the usual scaffolding material as possible should be used and the connections should correspond to a quick connection system as much as possible.

The documents dealt with below have become known for the technological background of the invention.

DE-A-27 29 229 shows a scaffold handle with perforated disks arranged at a distance and with an adjustable foot with perforated disk, as can be used as part of the usual scaffolding material for the stands treated here.

DE-A-27 37 859 shows lattice girders that can be used for such scaffolding posts with perforated disks, the upper flange of which has a connection head for attaching and wedging the lattice girder. The lower chord of the lattice girder may be attached to the vertical scaffold posts using suitable couplings. Such lattice girders can be used for stiffening the framework of the grandstand, but not for the cheek parts, whereby according to the variation shown in the invention, the lower chords are also to be equipped with corresponding connection heads and the spacing of the belts is to be chosen according to the grid dimension.

FR-A-13 89 572 shows the fastening of an I-profile belonging to a lattice girder on a round disk which is fastened to a round vertical tube. Such connections are unsuitable for the design according to the invention because they require special fastening techniques.

FR-A-14 90 588 shows a wedge connection between two pipes, which cannot be used for the invention.

FR-A-14 93 693 shows the connection of square profile tubes with the aid of inserts and wedges in a design which is unsuitable for the grandstand according to the invention.

DE-A-30 20 389 C2 shows a lift-off protection for scaffolding floors and platforms, as is used in scaffolding systems, the components of which can be used for the construction of a grandstand into which the invention is integrated.

DE-U-17 85 780 shows a stand that can be dismantled for large events, the entire structure of which is constructed with sloping lattice girders which are supported on the floor with their lower end. A support structure made of scaffolding material is not available. The ranks and lattice girders are arranged with the same pitch.

DE-A-14 09 400 shows a grandstand, the scaffolding of which is constructed from the same supporting girders. These trusses have the shape of right-angled triangles, the longer catheter of which is arranged parallel to the ground. This longer catheter corresponds to the lower chord. The top chord is inclined according to the slope of the grandstand. All connections and connections are made with special designs for the grandstand and are not designed for a standardized scaffolding system for the use of parts from this scaffolding system. So your parts are not usable in any other way and also not from inexpensive ones

Large series of the same parts can be removed for other recycling. All ranks have the same incline because the same trusses are used. The railing is fastened with special connection means that are matched to the construction of the support trusses, some of which are designed with push-on bolts and openings, but are not aligned with standardized connection systems of scaffolding.

The demountable grandstand must be designed in an orderly manner in order to be usefully manufactured, stored, assembled, dismantled and temporarily stored again and to expand it later or to build it up in smaller units.

In this classification scheme, the lengths and their sensible coordination are the decisive factors. As a result, the lengths are built up according to an ordering scheme of grid dimensions. This has long been common for scaffolding, grandstands and grandstands. As a rule, manufacturers have used the same ordering schemes and the same grid dimensions for decades.

There are length grid dimensions, width grid dimensions and height grid dimensions in these classification schemes. The length grid dimensions extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the seat or Standing rows. Since the carrying elements for the people are generally made up of relatively narrow, but long tread parts, the use of the term 'length' presents certain difficulties; because the size referred to as 'width' in catwalks runs in an extension direction, which in a grandstand runs in the 'longitudinal direction' with respect to the grandstand definition system.

As such, the term 'depth' would be used for vertical dimensions. It is nevertheless used for reasons of the originally used terminology for horizontal dimensions of the ranks or their parts and is used to define extensions in the horizontal direction, namely in the basic direction identified as the longitudinal direction. All dimensions up or down are therefore only referred to as 'height'. Length and width thus extend in the X and Y direction of a conventional coordinate system and height in the Z direction.

For the sake of clarity of the documents relating to the original disclosure, the coordinate designations with X, Y and Z are not added to the description and drawings. In order to avoid difficulties in understanding, some reference numerals are therefore originally used in each case, the direction of extension of which can also be inferred from the drawings.

The invention has for its object to make a removable grandstand construction available that consistently satisfies a grid system, allows the greatest possible use of scaffolding material available or usable for other purposes, and in which the rows are arranged at different pitches and the railings are reasonably fastened in the grid system and with the basic concept for grandstands and the highest loadings.

According to the invention, it is provided that the stepped cheek parts correspond to the same length grid system, but with the same height basic grid dimensions for the connections to adjacent cheek parts and / or support elements, have different slopes for the running floors or running floor holder and / or seat supports and, if necessary, railing supports or The like. Can be attached to the perforated disks by means of connecting heads which can be plugged onto them and push-through wedges.

The essence of the invention can therefore be seen in the fact that, with the same length-grid dimensions and height-grid dimensions, different slopes, that is to say stair steps, are formed; especially since only the same gradients of the cheek parts are known in the prior art with the same linear spacing and vertical spacing.

Now, according to the invention, a modular system is applied to the cheek parts which, with suitable grid dimensions, enables the arrangement of cheek parts of different lengths and different heights on one and the same grandstand, as a result of which the ranks in which one would like to create better visibility can be given a correspondingly greater slope. Nevertheless, the various cheek constructions ensure that the mating and grid conditions are met. The structure is simple. The cheek elements, which are designed even for long lengths of up to approximately 2.50 m, can be designed in such a way that they are still easy to handle due to their favorable structural design.

Advantageous, inventive configurations of the cheek parts are dealt with in claims 2 et seq. And in the following description part, based on the drawings, with further advantages, features and aspects of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

Die schematisierte Schrägansicht auf einen Teil einer Großtribüne mit der Tragkonstruktion mit Wangenteilen, mit Laufböden und Geländer;

Fig. 2

die Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsvariante einer Anfangswange;

Fig. 3

die Draufsicht auf die Anfangswange nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

einen Vertikal-Mittelschnitt durch die Anfangswange nach den Fig. 2 und 3;

Fig. 5

die Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsvariante eines Wangenteils für drei Ränge, welches vorzugsweise im unteren Bereich der Anfangswange folgend eingesetzt werden kann;

Fig. 6

die Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante eines Wangenteiles für drei Ränge, welches in höheren Etagen bei niederer und mittlerer Steigung einsetzbar ist;

Fig. 7

die Draufsicht auf das Wangenteil nach Fig. 6;

Fig. 8

die Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante eines Wangenteiles für drei Ränge bei größeren Steigungen;

Fig. 9

die Seitenansicht eines Wangenteiles für einen Gang oder einen besonders breiten Rang, welches sich über zwei Längenraster-Grundmaße erstreckt;

Fig. 10

die Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante für ein Wangenteil für zwei Ränge mit mittlerer Steigung;

Fig. 11

die Draufsicht auf das Wangenteil nach Fig. 10;

Fig. 12

die Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante eines Wangenteils für einen Rang oder einen Laufgang mit einer Breite, die zwei Längenraster-Grundmaßen entspricht und doppeltem Höhenraster für anzuschließende höhere Stufen;

Fig. 13

die Ansicht eines Aussteifungsrahmens für ein breites Rasterfeld;
und

Fig. 14

die Ansicht eines Aussteifungsrahmens für ein schmaleres, jedoch höheres Feld der Tragkonstruktion.

Show it:

Fig. 1

The schematic oblique view of part of a grandstand with the supporting structure with cheek parts, with walking floors and railings;

Fig. 2

the side view of a first embodiment of an initial cheek;

Fig. 3

the top view of the initial cheek of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

a vertical central section through the starting cheek according to Figures 2 and 3.

Fig. 5

the side view of a first embodiment variant of a cheek part for three ranks, which can preferably be used in the lower area following the starting cheek;

Fig. 6

the side view of a further embodiment of a cheek piece for three ranks, which can be used on higher floors with a low and medium slope;

Fig. 7

the top view of the cheek piece of FIG. 6;

Fig. 8

the side view of a further embodiment of a cheek piece for three ranks on larger inclines;

Fig. 9

the side view of a cheek part for a corridor or a particularly wide rank, which extends over two basic grid dimensions;

Fig. 10

the side view of a further embodiment for a cheek piece for two ranks with a medium slope;

Fig. 11

the top view of the cheek piece of FIG. 10;

Fig. 12

the side view of another embodiment of a cheek piece for a rank or a walkway with a width that corresponds to two basic grid dimensions and double height grid for higher levels to be connected;

Fig. 13

the view of a stiffening frame for a wide grid;
and

Fig. 14

the view of a stiffening frame for a narrower but higher field of the support structure.

The grandstand 50 has a supporting structure 51 on which the running floors 52 of the individual ranks 53.1 to 53.n are supported. The side edge 54 is provided with a side railing 55 and the top tier 53.n is provided with a rear railing 58 at its rear edge 57.
The support structure 51 is with foot pieces 60, grandstand head pieces 61, start cheeks 62 for the lowest rank 53.1, cheek pieces 63 for the second to fourth rank, cheek pieces 64 for higher ranks with a low or medium gradient, cheek parts 65 for higher ranks with a larger slope and Cheek parts 66 constructed for two ranks each with a low, medium or large gradient. These cheek parts are supported on stems 67, which are formed from scaffolding material from conventional scaffolding. These stems 67 have perforated disks 70 spaced apart from one another HR1. The grandstand start pieces 61 and the stems 67 are each fitted onto the foot pieces 60 in a known manner and are supported with their lower ends on the nuts 71 of the foot pieces 60. These can be used for height compensation. The stems 67 can be put together from several parts at greater heights. Horizontal bars 73, diagonal bars 74 and stiffening frames 75 are provided for stiffening the stems 67 with one another. These each have at their connection ends the connection heads 80 known from general scaffolding technology, which have horizontal slots by means of which they are inserted over the perforated disks 70. Wedge slots 76 which can be inserted through wedge slots in the connection heads 80 serve for the respective fixed connection in a known manner.

The stiffening frames 75 are each equipped with at least two diagonal bars 77.1 and 77.2 or further diagonal bars labeled with corresponding decimal digits. They have horizontal bars 78.1 and 78.2 as well as laterally lying vertical bars 79.1 and 79.2 and a connection head 80 in each corner. This stiffening frame 75, which is arranged approximately like a checkerboard pattern, but spatially distributed accordingly, can also be used to secure a large grandstand 50 with certainty perpendicularly and perpendicularly can be set up cheaply and quickly. Where no stiffening frames 75 seem sensible, simple diagonal bars 74 are arranged. The arrangement of these stiffening frames 75 and diagonal bars 74 results schematically from the illustration in FIG. 1, parts of the spatial structure being shown under the top three ranks in the broken area, while the spatial elements are omitted for the sake of clarity and only the stiffening frames 75 or horizontal bars 73 and diagonal bars 74 belonging to the delimitation planes of the schematic drawing are shown.

Because of the large vertical forces occurring in the stems 67, large horizontal forces on the foot pieces 60 must also be expected for safety reasons. For this reason, they are designed in a special way with securing devices in the form of vertical plates with pins and each have two oblique struts 85 which engage at right angles to one another and are adjustable in length.

The cheek parts shown in FIGS. 2 to 12 serve to support the running floors 52 and are supported on the support structure 51, as shown in FIG. 1, on the stems 67 at a distance corresponding to the grid dimension R of the width grid. They can optionally be put together according to the respective needs and do not need to be used in the order shown in FIG. 1. This is only shown in the visible form, so that most cheeks can be used.

All cheek parts have in common that they have tread holders 111 which correspond to the connecting elements between the supporting structure and tread of the respective grandstand system or associated scaffolding system. In the preferred exemplary embodiments, upwardly open U-mounting rails are provided on tread holder 111, the length of which is shorter by the thickness of a pipe section than the length 112, the length-grid spacing LR1 and thus the depth of a range 53.1 to 53 shown here .n corresponds to. A length 112 is usually selected here, which corresponds to the total width of two conventional running floors 52. Only for the cheek piece 262 and 265 is a length chosen for the continuous tread holder 111.5, which corresponds to the width of four treads 52 and thus corresponds to an axis distance 125.2 of the two length-grid dimensions LR2 minus a pipe thickness. With these Cheek parts can be used to create the walkways required after a certain number of ranks.

For the lowest rank 53.1, an initial cheek 62, which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 to 4, is provided, which has two identical tube pieces 115, between which the tread bracket 111 and a lower spar part 116 made from the same profile are welded. Immediately below there are 115 perforated disks 70 on each pipe section. The length 120 of each pipe section 115 corresponds to the smallest slope. In the grandstand support system provided here, a height grid HR1 of 50 cm is provided. This is divided into gradients of 33.3 cm, 25 cm and 16.7 cm. Since stands are generally supposed to have a lower slope at the bottom, dimension 120 has a basic slope length of 16.7 cm.

In each tread holder 111, two elongated holes 122.1 and 122.2 are formed in the lower web, so that lifting safeguards of a known type can be attached. The claws of running floors 52 are placed on the edges 111.1 and 111.2 of the running floor holder 111. Then known lifting safeguards are put in place from the scaffolding. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the initial cheek 62 is supported directly on foot pieces 60. Since it itself has two perforated disks 70, horizontal bars 73, diagonal bars 74 and oblique struts 85 can be connected directly.

A longitudinal dimension LR3, which is also designated 125.3, has been selected for the length grid LR. In adaptation to the height grid HR1 of 50 cm, this is about five times, namely 2.572 m. With this main length grid, the majority of the cheek parts of the grandstand 50 are designed to reduce the number of supporting parts. This results in a length dimension LR1 of 85.73 cm as a third. In most cheek parts, the vertical pipe pieces 140.1, 140.2, 140.3 and 140.4 matching the stems 67 are arranged at this distance in each side cheek, as the various figures show. Except for the pipe section 140.4 located at the rear, the pipe sections are designed as simple, straight pipe sections, optionally with securing holes 141. The length of each cheek is treated in accordance with the spar and support structure and depends on the desired slope.

Since, according to a main idea of the invention, the stands, depending on the wishes of the organizers and users and the local conditions, are to be designed with different gradients of the different ranks 53.1 to 53.n, generally progressively increasing towards the rear, the cheek parts are also of different lengths of the pipe pieces 140, this results from a sensible division of the height grid dimension HR1 of 0.5 m for the pitch 150, from an upper edge of the tread holder 111 of one rank to the upper edge of the tread holder 111 of the next rank desired dimension of 16.7; 25 or 33 cm.

Depending on the desired slope and the spatial conditions as well as the static conditions, the different cheek parts treated below are designed.

The cheek piece 63, which is only shown in the side view, but corresponds in plan to the illustration in FIG. 7, has a configuration in the first field 152.1, such as the starting cheek 62 with two superimposed U-profiles as a tread bracket 111 and lower spar part 116 , which are welded between the pipe sections 140.1 and 140.2. In view of the fact that at the beginning of a grandstand there is no great height available for lower supporting structure parts, the pipe section 140.2 also has an opening 154 at its lower end 153, by means of which it can be supported on a foot section 60 or a grandstand start section 61.

Since in section 152.2 there is already sufficient space corresponding to the slope 150 under the walking floor holders 111.3 and 111.4, a lattice girder configuration is arranged underneath, the lower strut 156 of which extends in the lowest region between the second pipe section 140.2 and the last pipe section 140.4. The U-profile of the tread bracket 111.3 is supported by means of two diagonal bars 157 above the lower beam 156. The pipe section 140.3 sits with its lower end 158 on the center of the lower spar 156 and is one Incline 150 is longer than the pipe section 140.2, so that it carries the highest-lying floor bracket 111.4 welded at the top, which extends to the upper end 161 of the rearmost pipe section 140.4. It is supported in the middle by a vertical strut 162 which is seated on a horizontal bar 163 which is supported by diagonal bars 157 extending to its center. This results - as shown in FIG. 5 - in a lattice girder in which the lower ends of the three pipe sections 140.1, 140.2 and 140.4 to be supported lie on a plane 160, while all supporting parts are arranged above this plane. This is advisable because there is not enough space in the room structure for lower ranks to be able to choose a low-lying and therefore easier-to-implement lattice girder construction with over span of the large overall length LR3.

The upper ends 164.1 to 164.4 of all pipe sections 140.1 to 140.4 are open, so that, if necessary, something can be connected there, in particular a seat holder. The rearmost pipe section 140.4 is cut off directly above the running floor holder 111.4 and has an inserted holding and centering pin 143, so that the lower pipe end 153 of a pipe section 140.1 lying in front of a next cheek piece can be plugged on. Immediately below the tread holder 111.4, the pipe section 140.4 surrounds a perforated disk 70 which is arranged that when the cheek piece is attached to a handle, the vertical grid dimension HR1 is observed, so that on the one hand cross bracing and on the other hand railing girders and other components can be connected using plug-in connection heads 80 and push-through wedges 76 according to the quick assembly techniques customary in scaffolding. This cheek part is only intended for the second to fourth ranks 53.2 to 53.4 of a grandstand 50, but can also be used in other places. It is here, for example, with a pitch. Executed 150 by 16.7 cm.

The cheek piece 64 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has the same grid and pitch dimensions as the cheek piece 63. Only here the intermediate pipe sections 140.2 and 140.3 are shorter and on the straight but sloping upper flange 171 of a cheek lattice girder 170 supported and welded. Here, all three tread brackets 111, 111.3 and 111.4 are supported in the middle with vertical struts 162 on the top chord 171, for which purpose they are welded to them just like the pipe sections. The oblique cheek lattice girder 170, which is designed with parallel bars 171 and 172, is welded to the lower flange 172 on the vertical pipe section 140.4 at its rear end. It is braced with the inclined lattice bars 173 shown in FIG. 6.

The front end 176 of the upper chord 171 is connected to the lower tread holder 111.01 by a vertical strut 177, this vertical strut 177 being of stable construction and being welded to the foremost pipe section 140.1 in some areas, but with a certain clearance clearance. The lower end 153 of the front pipe section 140.1 and the lower end 153 of the rearmost pipe section 140.4 are also in this cheek part 64 in a horizontal plane 160, since the slope is not sufficient around the lower end of the rear pipe section 140.4 by the amount of a basic grid dimension HR1 to put higher. However, since the slope 150 in this cheek piece 64 is also only 16.7 cm, the free space is not sufficient to accommodate a stable but light supporting structure over a total length of 250 cm above the level 160. For this reason, the solution with a parallel lattice girder, which forms a favorable installation space in the front area, was chosen, with the lower flange 172 ending at the front slant rod 173.1, so that there is a lattice girder solution suspended under the upper flange, which allows a favorable free space in the front area and still ensures great stability, above all because, in deviation from other conventional beams with a suspended strut, the lower beam 172 in the rear area is used to hold the rear pipe section 140.4 and thus gives the entire cheek piece 64 great stability. Such a cheek part can be made, for example, with slopes of 16.7 or 25 cm.

The embodiment of a cheek piece 65 shown in FIG. 8 has many of the same components as those previously described. These are provided with the same reference symbols. In practice, a larger slope 150 of 33 cm is provided here. Accordingly, one can realize a lattice girder construction correspondingly composed of lighter and / or lower parts, which consists of two sections 181.1 and 181.2 of a lattice girder 180, the upper chord 182 and the lower chord 183 running parallel to one another in the respective section, so that one horizontal upper chord part 182.1 and below it a horizontal lower chord part 183.1, which, according to the mitred sections of the lattice girder, extend below the second pipe section 140.2. This is where the belt sections 182.2 and 183.2, which are inclined in accordance with the slope, begin, which extend to the rearmost pipe section 140.4 and are welded on there at the end and cut obliquely.

In this embodiment, only the tread bracket 111.3 and 111.4 are supported on the upper belt part 182.2 by means of centrally arranged vertical struts 162, while the lowest tread bracket 111.01 lies directly on the upper belt part 182.1. This results in an overall very stable cheek girder, which can be constructed with a lower height of the lattice girder and possibly lighter parts due to the favorable bracing options than other lattice girders of the same length LR3. Here the slope 150 has a greater height of, for example, 33 cm. Accordingly, the length 185 of the foremost pipe section 140.1 is also chosen differently, namely with half the pitch grid HR1 of, for example, 25 cm and the lower end 153 of the rearmost pipe section 140.4 does not lie in the plane 160 in which the foremost pipe section 140.1 ends at the bottom, but instead offset upwards by a basic grid dimension HR1. Such a cheek piece 65 can be supported cheaply by correspondingly long stems 67.

By using the four cheek parts treated so far, stands can now optionally be built, the ranks 53.1 to 53.n of which are built up either with the same slope or with a different slope, in particular rising more towards the rear, as illustrated in FIG. 1 and as it is favorable Viewing relationships makes sense. You can either offer standing room on the individual ranks or you can set up chairs or attach benches and / or seat shells using suitable holders. It also depends on which slope you choose. So you can create grandstands with mixed occupancy between standing room, simple seats, seats with backrests and seats with chairs and at the same time design the visibility perfectly.

9 to 12 show cheek parts in which the length grid dimension extends over two fields and accordingly makes up the amount LR2 or 125.2. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

In the cheek part 262 a running floor holder 111.5 is provided which runs over two rank fields and which is supported on a box girder 263 which is welded with its ends between the pipe sections 140.1 and 140.5. Its lower corners 264 are chamfered so that there is sufficient space for the installation and accommodation of the perforated disks necessary in this area.

Here, the lower ends 153 of both pipe sections 140.1 and 140.2 are in turn at the same height of level 160. Only the rear pipe section 140.5 rises freely so that a double-wide passage can be created, but the cheek piece 262 can be integrated into the grid can.

The cheek piece 66 according to FIGS. 10 and 11 has two tread holders 111 and 111.3, which are stepped at different heights with a greater slope 150 of, for example, 25 cm, of which the front one rests on the box girder 263, which lies between the front pipe section 140.1 and the rear pipe section 140.4 is welded in at the bottom. The rear tread bracket 111.3 is supported with a central strut 162 on the box girder 263 and welded between the vertical pipe sections 140.2 and 140.4.

12 shows a further cheek part 265, which is designed as a lattice girder. Here, as with the cheek piece 262 according to FIG. 9, the tread holder 111.5 is designed to run continuously over two rank widths for a corridor or a larger footprint. At the same time, it serves as an upper chord to which a similar lower chord 266 is assigned. They are connected to a lattice girder via a central support 267 and inclined rods 157. Here, a rear pipe section 140.6 is provided, the length 268 of which is twice a basic grid dimension HR1, so that a wide aisle area can be created even with large step heights. The cheek parts discussed here can also be used in a grandstand at suitable locations, since they are oriented to twice a basic pitch, so that the four running floors 52 can be supported on them in the desired manner.

13 and 14 show the stiffening frames 75.1 and 75.2 shown relatively small in FIG. 1 in a larger representation. Only two examples are illustrated here. They each have a lower horizontal bar 78.1 and an upper horizontal bar 78.2, as well as a left vertical bar 79.1 and a right vertical bar 79.2, which are welded together to form the rigid frame, a connection head 80 with a slot for plugging onto a perforated disk 70 at the ends of the horizontal bars is attached. It has a wedge 76 for attachment.

13 has four diagonal bars 77.1 to 77.4, which are arranged in lattice girders in the usual manner of the oblique bars. This is useful for larger field widths.

The stiffening frame 75.1 according to FIG. 14 has only two diagonal bars 77.1 and 77.2, which extend from the middle up into the lower corners. This frame is higher because it extends over two basic grid dimensions HR1. With the stiffening frame 75, the supporting structures 51 can be quickly and safely brought into the required, right-angled position and held in this even for large grandstand systems. The rods suitably consist of a round tube and / or square tube and are galvanized or made entirely of light metal.

In summary, the invention can also be described as follows:
The grandstand (50) has a supporting structure (51) which is formed with stems (67), stiffening frames (75.1, 75.2), horizontal bars (73), diagonal bars (74) and cheek pieces (62, 63, 64, 65, 66) . Running floors (52) are supported on these. Railings (55, 58) can be provided.

The cheek parts are designed with the same lengths of the basic length dimension with different pitches, so that grandstands adapted to the respective circumstances can be constructed from basic elements that can be used according to a modular system with favorable visibility.

Claims (16)

1. A collapsible grandstand (50)
   with floors (52) and, if appropriate, seats, stairs, railings (55, 58) and covers,
   comprising
   a support structure (51) with vertical poles (67) and with horizontal (163) and diagonal (157), connecting and support elements, and
   that
   poles (67), horizontal and diagonal, connecting and support elements are formed by scaffolding poles and/or scaffolding frames, horizontal supports, horizontal locks, straight bars, connectors and associated assembly elements of a scaffolding system erected with respect to lengths according to a collating diagram of raster dimensions,
   and that
   for the stepped support of floors (52), and if appropriate seats, stepped bridge board elements (62 - 66, 262, 265) are provided which are equipped with connecting elements which correspond with the scaffolding system, and that the lower, and if appropriate the upper, connections of the supports as well as the horizontal gaps of the supports correspond with the length raster dimension of the scaffolding system, and that
   the bridge board elements have vertically standing tubular pieces (140.1 to 140.6) which are fitted with plug-in connectionns for connection to adjacent bridge board elements or poles, and that at least the rear tubular piece (140.4 to 140.6) has at least one perforated disc (70) for connecting scaffolding elements to connecting heads (80) which are pushed onto the perforated disc (70) and securing elements (76), and that supporting floor holders (111) which are in the form of upwardly open U-shapes are provided in order to support the floors (52),
   characterised in that the stepped bridge board elements (62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 262, 265) correspond with the same length raster system (LR), but that they have different inclines (150) for the floors (52) or floor holders (111) and/or seat supports with identical height-ground raster dimensions (HR) for the connections to adjacent bridge board elements (63, 64, 65, 66, 262, 265) and/or supporting elements (67), and that, if appropriate, railing supports (110) or the like are attached to the perforated discs (70) by means of connecting heads (80) which are pushed onto them and wedges (76) which are pushed through.
2. A stand according to claim 1, characterised in that successive bridge board elements of a bridge board of an assembled stand have different inclines and/or lengths and/or support-structure arrangements.
3. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the bridge board elements are at least regionally fitted with grid supports, the belts of which extend parallel to each other and have perpendicular and/or slanted support and reinforcement rods attached between them.
4. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the bridge board element (64) has a straight, not folded grid support (170) which is slanted according to the incline of the levels (53) and the top belt (171) and bottom belt (172) of which is welded to the rear vertical tubular piece (140.4) to correspond with the slant, and the top belt is attached at the front to the other support elements (140.1; 177) whilst the bottom belt (172) terminates at the front on the forwardmost slanted rod (173.1).
5. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the bridge board elements (65) have a bottom front horizontal grid support section (181.1) and adjacent thereto a rear slanted bar support section (181.2).
6. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the floor holders (111.n) support themselves on the slanted top belts (171; 182.2) with vertical tubular pieces (140.2, 140.3) and vertical webs (162).
7. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that all vertical tubular pieces (140.n) of the bridge board elements are upwardly and downwardly open scaffolding pipes, and at least the rear ones have at least one perforated disc (70), and in the upper end of the pipe ist arranged a pipe connector, which fits into the vertical pipe pieces (140) of other wall elements and into poles (67) and which ist designed as a holding and centering pin (143).
8. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the bridge board elements are desiged for three respective rows of standing places and/or seats, and at least individual vertical tubular pieces (140) are fitted with perforated discs (70), and the respective tubular pieces (140.4) at the rear have the length of a height-raster base dimension (HR1) or of a perforated disc gap, and the grid supports arranged under the seats or floor holders (111) are at least in partial areas arranged as parallel grid supports at a slant which corresponds with the incline of the different levels (53.5 to 53.n).
9. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the longest raster dimension (LR3) of stepped bridge board elements (63, 64, 65) is 2 572 mm, which is divided by inserted upwardly open tubular pieces (140.2, 140.3) into three equal sections with a length raster dimension (LR) of 857,3 mm, and that below the upwardly open floor holders (111.n) in the form of simple U-shapes of at least higher levels vertical webs and/or diagonal bars engage in the middle as a support.
10. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the starting bridge boards (62) comprise two identical, vertical, upwardly and downwardly open tubular pieces (115) which fit the plug connections of the support structure (51), and for horizontal connection two stacked and upwardly open U-shapes (111, 116) welded between the tubular pieces (115), the top shape of which serves as a floor holder (111) with breaks (122.1, 122.2) at least in its lower web for suspending anti-lifting means, and that a perforated disc (70) for connecting heads (80) is attached to each tubular piece (115) underneath the horizontal connections.
11. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that a three-step bridge board element (63) is provided for the second, third and fourth level, comprising at the front below two vertical, upwardly and downwardly open tubular pieces (140.1, 140.2) which match the plug connections of the support structure (51), and for horizontal connection two stacked, upwardly open U-shapes (111, 116) which are welded between the tubular pieces (140.1, 140.2), of which the upper one is the floor holder (111) having breaks (122.1, 122.2) for suspension of anti-lifting means at least in its lower web, and that the two higher floor holders (111.3, 111.4) are supported on a grid support with horizontal belts (156) and transverse bars (157) and a vertical web (162).
12. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that bridge board elements (262) are formed as intermediate platform supports for broader floors, having a horizontal support in the form of an upright rectangular pipe (box support 263) with a floor holder (111.5) in the form of an upwardly open U-shape welded thereabove which matches the suspension claws of the floors (52) and which extends over two level depths or length raster dimensions (LR2) respectively, having at the fornt a short, upwardly and downwardly open tubular piece (140.1) which fits onto the poles (67), and at the rear a longer tubular piece (140.5), which extends to the next step and is welded on, having a perforated disc (70) and a holding centering pin (143).
13. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that bridge board elements (265) are provided as an intermediate platform support for broader floors, having a grid support the top belt of which is designed with an upwardly open U-shape as a floor holder (111.5), and the front and rear vertical web of which is formed by round tubular pieces (140.1, 140.6) which are upwardly and downwardly open, and that the rear tubular piece (140.6) comprises two perforated discs (70), which are positioned with a distance of a height-raster base dimension (HR1) between them and with a length (268) of two height-raster base dimensions (HR1).
14. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the seats are attached to seat holders having holding devices which are pushed onto the upper open ends of the tubular pieces (140.n) and which engage the floor holders (111).
15. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that below the bridge board elements are provided interconnected reinforcement frames (75) with at least two respective diagonal bars (77.1 to 77.n), with connecting heads (80) for connection to the perforated discs (70) of the poles (67) and bridge board elements.
16. A stand according to at least one of the above claims, characterised in that the connecting heads (80) of the reinforcement frames (75) are mounted on each end of top and bottom belt (78.2, 78.1).

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