EP0402817B1 - Configuration of floor element for grandstand or podium - Google Patents

Abstract

The configuration of the floor element for grandstands or podiums provides floor members (152) with frames (111), wherein, in the outer frame longitudinal walls (120.1, 120.2), a groove (124) is formed on one side and a rib (127) on the other side, which engage one in the other when the floor members (152) lie next to one another. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a tread element design for grandstands or pedestals with supporting devices and running floors suspended thereon, which have longitudinal spars and cross-connection parts formed from sheet steel at the ends and hanging devices.

With scaffolding, it is common to form the tread elements because of the relatively high weight of individual parts lying next to one another, which are suspended at their ends. In order to improve the assembly and disassembly conditions, the tread elements are placed loosely next to one another without mutual connection and are only fastened with their end-side hooking devices. Given the corresponding stability requirements, this is also acceptable because the loads are not so high that the individual floor could not easily support them without significant deflection. In practice, there are hardly any stumbling blocks.

In the case of stands or pedestals, however, the load per surface element is so great because of the large number of possibly closely spaced users that special efforts are required to keep the deflection and the mutually different deflection of individual elements which form the running surfaces within narrow limits . This can be achieved by providing a correspondingly large number of supports and accordingly smaller elements or elements which extend over several supports. However, if you want to optimize the manufacturing and assembly costs as well as the use of materials, you have to use the greatest possible lengths and widths of the elements that form the usable area. On the other hand, these must not be too difficult because such stands and platforms are dismantled and assembled in many applications. Therefore one has to look for a practicable middle way between deflection, length and width of the individual walking floors. So far, this has been attempted to simplify assembly by choosing suitable dimensions. Especially for grandstands, which have to bear the highest loads of up to 750 kN / m, this either leads to very heavy individual elements or to an unacceptably high number of individual walkways.

A tribune is known from FR-A-2 501 267, which has all the features of the preamble of claim 1.

DE 25 11 430 A1 shows a party dance floor which is formed from square dance floor plates and inclined outer surfaces. All around, the elements have tongue and groove connections that are not designed in detail. Such dance floor elements are supported directly on the floor and do not need to be raised to great heights. Above all, they are not hung freely over longer lengths. Their dimensioning therefore suffices from other points of view than that of tread element designs for stands.

DE-GM 82 21 523 deals with a transportable dance floor which, like the one discussed above, is formed from several square elements. These are secured against each other by transverse anchoring of extruded profile parts, partly with pegs, to prevent height differences from occurring. The foregoing also applies to this dance floor design. Similar the transportable floor is also designed in accordance with US Pat. No. 3,512,324. L-shaped angles are screwed to the edges, one of which extends upwards and the other extends downwards. In addition, pin connections and separate tongues and groove elements are embedded in the end faces. This construction, which is suitable for dance floors or the like to be supported on the floor, does not meet the requirements for the design of the tread element for grandstands.

DE-GM 18 55 865 shows a multi-layer plate, in particular base plate for bumper cars, which are assembled in the same way as the previously treated dance floors. The multi-layer structure is such that the outer plates are designed so as to protrude from the inner plate and U-shaped groove-forming rails are fastened in the opposite regions. This design, which is suitable for panels to be supported on the floor, is also unsuitable for tread elements for grandstands with their long lengths and low weight.

DE-GM 86 21 482 shows for a panel board platform a cover rail for the board joint, the anchoring leg of which engages in recessed grooves. It is not suitable for the design of tread elements for grandstands and has no tongue and groove connection.

The invention has for its object to find a tread element design in which the stresses that occur can be better compensated for locally by easily anchored mutual anchoring of the individual, inexpensively producible elements and in the event of stumbling steps are prevented and the assembly and separation at the assembly site are easily accomplished can go.

The design according to the invention in accordance with the characterizing part of the claim provides, in addition to the features mentioned above, that the treads only extend over part of the width of each tier or the platform surface, designed as a coherent frame with end-mounted hooking claws and attached running plates or molded tread parts are in which the one outer frame longitudinal wall has a groove formed by deformation of the sheet and the other outer frame longitudinal wall has a rib formed in the groove of the adjacent running floor, formed by deformation of the sheet, the bearing surfaces of the ribs and grooves being essentially horizontal.

Characterized in that in the outer frame longitudinal walls on one side grooves and on the other side ribs are formed, the mutual contact surfaces are horizontal, the individual treads of the respective surface area, which only rest at their ends, are interlocked with each other so that they one form a larger surface element with respect to deflection. Stumbling steps are avoided and in the case of small-scale overloading, it is better distributed to the neighboring areas, so that the treads can be made lighter overall, even with a high load-bearing capacity, than with elements without mutual interlocking.

This interlocking of tread elements is known per se for every belt base that is made with tongue and groove boards. Although platforms and stands have long been equipped with quick-assembly panels, this general principle has not yet been applied to end-mounted walkways, probably because experts believed that this would hamper assembly. This prejudice can, however, be countered with suitable designs of the hook-in devices, which should allow lateral sliding, namely by the fact that hooking claws are provided at the ends of the frame of the running floors, which allow a suitable lateral sliding on the respective support by the strength of the ribs. The treads can be formed in various common ways, either as initially manufactured framework, on which suitable panels made of wood, laminated plywood, reinforced plastics, light metal or steel are placed or by creating integral elements made of suitable materials, such as steel, possibly with plastics that have a groove in the outer longitudinal wall and have a matching rib on the other longitudinal wall of the frame. The mutual contact surfaces are to be designed essentially horizontally, so that on the one hand they can be easily pushed into one another and separated from one another and on the other hand enable the power transmission without stumbling stages. The production from sheet steel enables the grooves and ribs to be formed in a particularly advantageous manner, namely by bending and / or by deformation on roller mills. It is possible to form rationally small and also larger or even very large quantities of relatively light and nevertheless very stable frames according to the invention with grooves and ribs and to provide the further components in a manner known per se. In addition, the groove and ribs can be designed according to the needs and manufacturing processes suitable for sheet steel processing. Further refinements, details, and advantages of the invention also result from the following description part, which is dealt with on the basis of the drawings.

An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

Eine schematisierte Schrägansicht einer Tribüne als Übersichtsfigur für den Einsatz der Laufböden;

Fig. 2

die Draufsicht auf einen Laufboden;

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht des Laufbodens nach Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

die Stirnansicht eines Laufbodens nach den Fig. 2 und 3;

Fig. 5

eine vergrößerten Querschnitt des Laufbodens, wie er in Ansicht in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist, etwa im Maßstab 1 : 1 der Profilteile;

Fig. 6

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Kappe, an welcher sich die Einhängeklauen befinden, wie sie als Querverbindung in dem Rahmen eingeschweißt ist.

Show it:

Fig. 1

A schematic oblique view of a grandstand as an overview figure for the use of the walking floors;

Fig. 2

the top view of a walking floor;

Fig. 3

a side view of the walking floor of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

the front view of a walking floor according to Figures 2 and 3.

Fig. 5

an enlarged cross section of the walking floor, as shown in view in Figure 4, about 1: 1 scale of the profile parts.

Fig. 6

a longitudinal section through a cap on which the suspension claws are located, as is welded into the frame as a cross connection.

The grandstand 50 has a supporting structure 51 on which the running floors 52 of the individual ranks 53.1 to 53.n are supported. The side edge 54 is provided with a side railing 55 and the top tier 53.n is provided with a rear railing 58 at its rear edge 57.

The support structure 51 is with foot pieces 60, grandstand head pieces 61, start cheeks 62 for the lowest rank 53.1, cheek pieces 63 for second to fourth rank, cheek pieces 64 for higher ranks with a small or medium pitch, cheek pieces 65 for higher ranks with a larger pitch and Cheek parts 66 constructed for two ranks each with a low, medium or large gradient. These cheek parts are supported on stems 67, which are formed from scaffolding material from conventional scaffolding. These stems 67 have perforated disks 70 spaced apart from one another HR1. The grandstand start pieces 61 and the stems 67 are each fitted onto the foot pieces 60 in a known manner and are supported with their lower ends on the nuts 71 of the foot pieces 60. These can be used for height compensation. The stems 67 can be put together from several parts at greater heights. Horizontal bars 73, diagonal bars 74 and stiffening frames 75 are provided for stiffening the stems 67 with one another. These each have at their connection ends the connection heads 80 known from general scaffolding technology, which have horizontal slots by means of which they are inserted over the perforated disks 70. Wedge slots 76 which can be inserted through wedge slots in the connection heads 80 serve for the respective fixed connection in a known manner.

The stiffening frames 75 are each equipped with at least two diagonal bars 77.1 and 77.2 or further diagonal bars labeled with corresponding decimal digits. They have horizontal bars 78.1 and 78.2 as well as lateral vertical bars 79.1 and 79.2 and a connection head 80 in each corner. This stiffening frame 75, which is arranged approximately like a checkerboard pattern, but spatially appropriately distributed, can also be used to secure a large grandstand 50 with certainty perpendicularly and perpendicularly can be set up cheaply and quickly. Where no stiffening frames 75 seem sensible, simple diagonal bars 74 are arranged. The arrangement of these stiffening frames 75 and diagonal bars 74 is shown schematically in the illustration in FIG. 1, parts of the spatial structure being shown under the top three ranks in the broken area, while the spatial elements are omitted for the sake of clarity and only the stiffening frames 75 or horizontal bars 73 and diagonal bars 74 belonging to the delimitation planes of the schematic drawing are shown.

Because of the large vertical forces occurring in the stems 67, large horizontal forces on the foot pieces 60 must also be expected for safety reasons. For this reason, they are designed in a special way with securing devices in the form of vertical plates with pins and each have two oblique struts 85 which engage at right angles to one another and are adjustable in length.

The walking floor 152 shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 6 represents an embodiment of the walking floors 52 in FIG. 1. It consists of a frame 111 and a plate 112 fastened thereon. The plate 112 can consist, for example, of plywood which is attached to it the surface is roughened. It is fastened with rivets 113, which are only indicated by their center lines.

The frame 111 consists of longitudinal spars 114 and cross connections in the form of welded-in caps 115. As can be seen in FIG. 6, these caps are designed as bent U-profile parts, on the webs 115.1 of which there are the usual hooking claws 116 on the end face of the running floor 152, which allow a four-point support of the entire walking floor 152, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4. The longitudinal spars 114 are designed here, for example — as can be seen in particular in FIG. 5 — as bent sheet metal box profiles. They each have an inner wall 117, a bottom wall 118 running at right angles thereto, an upper wall 119 and in each case an outer longitudinal frame wall 120.1 or 120.2. This extends above the top wall 119 by an amount 121. On the top wall 119, a connecting leg 122 is bent at right angles upwards. This lies next to the upper section 123 of the outer longitudinal frame wall 120, so that welding with spot welding devices or continuous welding is possible and a protective wall for the plate 112 results, which is inserted between the connecting legs 122 in a suitable manner.

In the outer frame longitudinal wall 120.1 lying on the left in FIG. 5, a groove 124 of the height 125 and the depth 126 and the transition to the bottom wall 118 is formed by five times right-angled folding approximately in the middle.

A rib 127 of height 125 and width 126 and the transition to the bottom wall 118 are formed on the other frame longitudinal wall 120.2, which is on the right in FIG. 5, by being bent five times at right angles and which are consequently inserted into the groove 124 of an adjacent running floor 152 can. The mutual contact surfaces are - as can be seen - designed horizontally so that vertical forces can support each other. These surfaces can be slightly inclined for better insertion. The inner limit of the groove and the dimensions can be designed depending on the manufacturing and use conditions. Similarly, such grooves and ribs can also be formed in extruded light metal profiles or other materials can be selected for the frame 111 and the plates 112. Here, an embodiment is selected in which, with the aid of the weld seams 128, the longitudinal bars 114 are welded to the cross connections, the caps 115, in exactly the same way as the hanging claws 116 to the caps 115 , generally as U-profiles designed as uprights, you can comfortably move the treads 152 by the amount 126 of the depth move laterally from the groove or rib and can thus easily put on several running floors first and then slide running floor for running floor laterally into the mutual toothing. The effort for the formation of grooves and ribs is low. The effect on the smoothness of the tread and the transmission of forces and thus on the dimensioning is considerable.

The summary printed below is part of the disclosure of the invention:

The tread element design for stands or platforms provides running floors (152) with frames (111), in which a groove (124) is formed on the one side of the longitudinal frame walls (120.1, 120.2) and a rib (127) on the other side that interlock when the running floors (152) are next to each other.

Reference symbol list:

Claims (1)

1. Tread element design for a stand (50) or rostrum, having supporting devices (51) and floorboards (52, 152) suspended therefrom, which floorboards have transoms (114) formed out of sheet steel and cross-connecting parts (115) at the ends and suspension devices (116), characterized in that the floorboards (152) extend only over part of the width of each tier (53.1 to 53.n) or of the rostrum surface and are designed as interconnecting frames (111) having suspension claws (116), which are attached on the front side and allow lateral displacement, and having laid-on tread plates (112) or moulded-on tread parts, in which interconnecting frames the one outer frame-longitudinal-wall (120.1) of the one transom, which transom has been flanged or bent or continuously rolled out of sheet metal, has a groove (124) formed by flanging, bending and/or rolling of the sheet-metal wall and the other outer frame-longitudinal-wall (120.2) of the other transom, which transom has been flanged or bent or continuously rolled out of sheet metal, has a rib (127) which fits in the groove (124) in the adjacent floorboard and is formed by flanging, bending and/or rolling of the sheet-metal wall, wherein the rib (127) is formed of such height (125) and width (126) that, upon the said lateral displacement, it is able to be inserted into the groove (124) in a floorboard (152) placed next to it, and wherein the bearing surfaces of ribs (127) and grooves (124) run essentially horizontally and the suspension claws are displaceable by one rib width (126).

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