EP0401620B1 - Rotor avec calottes de protection - Google Patents

Rotor avec calottes de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401620B1
EP0401620B1 EP90110010A EP90110010A EP0401620B1 EP 0401620 B1 EP0401620 B1 EP 0401620B1 EP 90110010 A EP90110010 A EP 90110010A EP 90110010 A EP90110010 A EP 90110010A EP 0401620 B1 EP0401620 B1 EP 0401620B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
rotor according
protective caps
protective
caps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90110010A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0401620A1 (fr
Inventor
Gabriele Geb. Keuter Greiner
Egbert Hemscheidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lyndex Recycling Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0401620A1 publication Critical patent/EP0401620A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
    • B02C18/184—Disc-shaped knives with peripherally arranged demountable cutting tips or elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor with fixed shredding tools for slow-running shredding machines, in particular for bulky waste material, in which protective caps, which at least partially act as cutting tools, are attached to a rotatable support body.
  • Such, preferably slow-speed shredding machines can, for example, be rotor shears which are used to shred metallic and non-metallic material or a mixture of these two types of material, e.g. Bulky waste, serve and in their fixed housing two counter-rotating disc rotors are arranged.
  • Both rotor bodies are composed of a large number of rotor disks, which are alternately fixed to the rotor shaft with spacer rings.
  • the periphery of each rotor disk forms shear edges with the side surfaces, which interact with the shear edges of adjacent rotor disks of the other rotor body.
  • the end faces of the rotor disks are provided with cutting teeth which, in operation, come close to the respective spacer ring of the opposite rotor body in order to use the spacer ring as a counter tool exert a cross-cutting effect on the material cut into strips by the rotor disks.
  • the cross-cutting process takes place under the action of the toggle lever, so that the cutting force when a cutting tooth approaches the opposite spacer ring reaches a value that can theoretically be infinitely large.
  • the wear in particular on the cutting teeth and the end and outer surfaces of the disks, is relatively limited.
  • the wear especially on the cutting teeth, increases by leaps and bounds.
  • the rotor disks and spacer rings lined up on the rotor shafts must be manufactured with high accuracy if devices with, for example, ten rotor disks and spacer rings are to form an optimal cutting gap on a rotor shaft.
  • the worn parts In order to restore the functionality of the device, the worn parts must be replaced. To replace the worn and useless ones Parts of the entire rotor body must be removed and disassembled so that the rotor disks and / or spacer rings can be armored by cladding and then machined. Due to the high demands on the manufacturing tolerances and thus also the tolerances after the armoring and mechanical processing of the rotor disks, such work can only be carried out by the manufacturer of the machine. This also applies in the event that one or more rotor disks are damaged during operation. Even then, the entire device or the entire rotor body must be returned to the manufacturer and repaired there.
  • a rotor shear which, in order to avoid the wear occurring on the end and side surfaces of the rotor disks, has segment-shaped protective caps which cover the rotor disks on these surfaces.
  • the protective caps have a U-shaped cross-section and are provided with cutting edges on the end faces, which thus represent crushing tools, especially cutting teeth.
  • Each protective cap is connected to one of the rotor disks forming the supporting body by means of detachable screws. Instead of the rotor disks, the outer surfaces of the protective caps are now subject to wear. If the protective caps and / or cutting edges are worn, only the protective caps are removed and in this previously known device replaced by new ones. In this respect, this device is already more service-friendly than the one mentioned above, in which the complete rotor body has to be replaced.
  • the cutting teeth work against the peripheral surface of the opposite rotor shaft.
  • the material which is initially divided into strips between the rotor disks, is then transversely divided between the cutting teeth and the rotor shaft, which acts as an anvil. It can happen that particularly hard or tough material opposes the cross-division, so that very high radial forces are transmitted and the locking screws with which the protective caps are attached to the rotor disks are accordingly extremely stressed. In the event of a greater state of wear, the locking screws also loosen by themselves and can no longer fulfill their holding purpose, so that the protective caps fall off the rotor disks, which can lead to considerable damage to the machine during operation.
  • the locking screws arranged in the wear zone area also wear off with increasing wear of the caps on their heads, so that the protective caps can no longer be removed with conventional screwing tools and have to be drilled out.
  • This effort is correspondingly large. Above all, drilling out the locking screws is almost impossible because no drill can be inserted into the narrow distance between the rotor disks. But even with normal dismantling of the protective caps, loosening the securing screws - several per protective cap segment - is complex and leads to considerable machine downtimes.
  • slow-running shredding machines In addition to rotor shears, in which two cutting rotors mesh with one another, slow-running shredding machines also include machines with only one rotor, which then counteracts a fixed, e.g. comb-like counter tool works. As with the rotor shears, this machine type also has the same problem with regard to wear on the cutting edges of the shredding tools with the resulting maintenance problems.
  • roller crushers the crushing teeth of which work against each other and which wear out very quickly as a result.
  • the invention has for its object to provide another protective cap connection for supporting body, wherein "supporting body” in the context of the invention generally means rotating bodies carrying rotating tools.
  • support body in the context of the invention generally means rotating bodies carrying rotating tools.
  • This object is, based on the idea on which the invention is based, which no longer expose the elements transmitting the operating forces to the direct wear caused by the material to be processed, in accordance with the invention in that the force transmission between the protective cap and the support body lies within the area covered by the protective cap Connection is established, which is secured by a connection preferably located in the wear-free area.
  • the invention thus takes a completely different approach than known protective cap proposals, in that a function-specific and task-specific connection division is carried out in order to optimally accommodate the connection parts in terms of position and thus not only to avoid or avoid wear areas, but also to enable more compact designs, which in turn are simpler Guide assembly with greater freedom from maintenance.
  • wear-free area is understood to mean an area that is essentially not acted upon by the material and / or an area that is not subject to the wear caused by the comminution.
  • the securing connection which is preferably also located in the wear-free area, takes over all radially directed forces in its securing effect during operation, e.g. the radial components of the cutting forces or even a positional securing of the protective caps on the supporting body, as will be explained in detail later.
  • the invention enables designs in which the power transmission, i. essentially the connection resulting from the cutting work assuming position, type and shape can be designed in such a way that the protective caps can be placed radially on the support body or the rotor disks in a simple manner.
  • the measures according to the invention ensure that the connections which secure the protective caps on the support body and transmit the operating forces are in one area lie where they are protected from wear, so that the elements transmitting the operating forces are preserved without wear. These connections are therefore not exposed to immediate wear, because according to the invention they are located inside the protective caps or preferably in the wear-free area and neither with the cutting teeth of the intermeshing rotors or with the cutting teeth on the protective caps nor with the associated counter tool and with the crushing material come into contact.
  • Another advantage is that the wear parts, namely the protective caps, can be cast with sufficient accuracy for the average operating requirements due to the sophisticated casting technique. As a result, further mechanical processing on the protective caps can largely be dispensed with.
  • projecting parts on the support bodies or rotor disks or on the protective caps engage in recessed receiving grooves of the protective caps or the support body.
  • the projecting parts are designed as driver strips which run in the mounting direction of the protective caps, which can preferably be mounted perpendicular to the support body or rotor axis.
  • At least one holding element is preferably arranged as a force-transmitting connection on the circumference of the support body or the rotor disk per protective cap.
  • This holding element is preferably in a development of the invention, a retaining tooth, which has a front flank in the direction of rotation of the rotor, which cooperates with a flank located inside the protective cap as a power transmission.
  • the support body consists of a tubular drum with end journals and the drum has openings through which a rear attachment of the protective caps protrudes, and the pipe or drum shell is provided with bores arranged in the axial direction over the circumference, aligned with the holes in the end pieces of the protective caps for pushing through the axle rods, an even more compact design is created, which further simplifies the assembly and further increases the freedom from maintenance, because the advantage of the tubular drum, that is to say one-piece support body design according to the invention is particularly in it see that there is no need for spacers that require additional caps.
  • This version which enables both a solid material and tubular drum, has the further advantage that both material and production are less expensive than with conventional rotors; namely, the elaborate machining of rotor shafts and also rotor disks is partially eliminated. It is possible to manufacture the rotor as a casting or the rotor jacket from a commercially available tube.
  • the inventive design of the rotor as a cylindrical hollow body also opens up the advantageous possibility of simplified storage, for example by a bearing journal on the respective end disks saving the expensive, continuous shaft of conventional rotors; the same applies to the rotor made of solid material.
  • drum equipped in this way is given the contour of a rotor, such as that used for rotor shears.
  • the drum can also have "structures" which serve to hold the protective caps.
  • a particularly secure fit and inexpensive power transmission can be achieved in an advantageous embodiment in that the inwardly projecting extension of the protective caps is graduated and its gradations interact with counter-stages of the supporting body.
  • the support body, generally designated 1 in FIG. 1, is a rotor in this exemplary embodiment, which is mounted with its rotor shaft 2 in a housing of a comminution machine.
  • the housing is not shown in Fig. 1; only the drive 3 for the shaft 2 is visible.
  • a plurality of, for example circular rotor disks 4 and spacer rings 5 are alternately on the rotor shaft 2 fixed non-rotatably by a key 6.
  • the rotor disks 4 are covered with protective caps 7 which can be mounted transversely to the axial direction of the rotor.
  • the protective caps 7 which are U-shaped in cross section in the illustrated embodiment are provided with cutting edges 8 which mesh with an oppositely arranged counter tool 9.
  • the protective caps 7 are connected outside the wear zone by non-positive and positive engagement with the supporting body 1, namely that projecting parts 10 on the supporting bodies, for example the disks 4 of the rotor or in the illustrated embodiment on the protective caps 7, engage in recessed receiving grooves 11 of the protective caps or support body.
  • the projecting parts are designed as driver strips 12 which run in the mounting direction Z of the protective caps 7 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • These driver strips 12 can be arranged on the rotor disks 4, see for example FIG. 10, and engage in correspondingly recessed receiving grooves 13 in the protective caps.
  • the driver strips 14 can also be located on the protective caps 7, for example, and the recessed receiving grooves 15, in which the driver strips 14 engage, can be arranged on the rotor disks 4.
  • the function of the driver strips can also be taken over by a feather key 17 which, as shown in FIG. 9, is inserted into the receiving grooves between the protective cap and the rotor disk.
  • a radially projecting pin 19a is arranged in the interior 18 of the protective cap 19 and engages in openings 21 provided on the circumference 20 of the rotor disk 4.
  • the pin 19a is preferably formed in one piece with the protective cap 19.
  • a hollow body is also conceivable as a support body, the peripheral wall of which has continuous recesses for the cap pins. All of the exemplary embodiments explained above make it possible in an excellent manner to slide on or attach the protective caps perpendicular to the support body or rotor axis.
  • the protective caps can either be segment-shaped (six in the case of FIG. 2) or, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, consist of two half-shells 22a and 22b each with a circumference of 180 °.
  • the protective caps are secured radially according to the invention either by an axle rod 23 or alternatively also by a weld seam 86, in that the adjacent protective caps 7 and spacer rings 5 are at least partially welded to one another. If the protective caps need to be replaced, the axle rods 23 are removed or the weld seams 86 are separated.
  • Fig. 4 shows a corresponding application of the construction according to the invention. This is a so-called rotor shear 24 with two cutting rotors 26 which are mounted parallel to one another in a housing 25, are driven in opposite directions and mesh with one another, of which a section of a version of a rotor constructed from disks and spacer rings 5 and 27 in between is shown in FIGS.
  • the spacer rings 27 have recesses 28 of a depth which corresponds to the thickness C of the legs 29 of the protective caps 30.
  • the legs 29 of the protective caps protrude into the recesses 28 of the spacer rings 27 in the assembled state.
  • the legs 29 of the U-shaped protective caps in the exemplary embodiment extend up to the rotor shaft 2 and have shoulders 31 in the form of annular cylinders 31 on both sides in the region of the rotor shaft.
  • the shoulders 31 are designed as widenings 32 of the legs of the protective caps 30 and, in the examples according to FIGS. 12 and 14, are formed by recesses 33 in the legs 29 of the protective caps 30.
  • the spacer rings 27 arranged between the rotor disks 4 are, as shown in FIG.
  • the spacer rings overlap the shoulders 31 of the legs 29 of the protective caps by means of the widenings 36 which are provided on the outer circumference and have a T-shaped cross section, which result from the recess 28.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 show, in these exemplary embodiments the protective caps at the end of their U-shaped legs have additional or integrally formed lateral legs 29 in a flange-like configuration, which otherwise do not necessarily have to be present on the protective caps; rather, this cross-sectional shape, which can be gathered from FIGS. 12 to 14, is a favorable realization of the second connection mentioned in the main claim, which ensures the securing of the connection and lies in a wear-free area.
  • This cross-sectional shape of the protective caps then enables the advantageous design of the securing holder by means of spacer rings which are essentially T-shaped in cross section.
  • FIGS. 12 and 14 show a spacer ring 27 which is divided transversely to the rotor axis into three disks 37a, b and c, of which the two outer 37a and 37c are L-shaped in cross section and at least the middle disk 37b consists of two half shells, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, is formed.
  • the middle disk 37b also has a widening 36 which is T-shaped in cross section, with which it overlaps the outer disks 37a and 37c on the outer circumference and fills the axial distance between two adjacent protective caps.
  • axle rod 23 as a radial securing device, as described in the previous exemplary embodiments, is not absolutely necessary in this special exemplary embodiment according to the invention, but may be desirable in the case of a specific construction and, as shown in the two exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 12, through aligned bores 38 ( 1) in the spacer rings 5, 27, 51 and / or bores 44 (see, for example, FIGS. 15 and 17) in the protective caps 7, 19, 30, 41, 59, 63 and the legs 29, 45 of the protective caps be put. In FIGS. 1 to 6, the axle rods 23 are partially visible. In Fig. 13, the axle rod 23 is identified only by the center line shown.
  • FIGS. 15 to 17 show an alternative exemplary embodiment in which the axis rod 40 does not have to be completely removed from the area of the supporting body or rotor 1 when the protective caps 41 are replaced, but is only axially displaced by a certain amount.
  • collars 43 of larger diameter which in the operating state engage in corresponding bores 44, in the example shown in FIG. 15 only one leg 45, of the protective caps and for assembly purposes by axially displacing the axle rod 40 therefrom are disengaged. So that the protective caps 40 can be pushed on, the bores 44 in the protective caps each have an assembly slot 46, the width of which corresponds at least to the diameter of the axle rod, but is less than the collar diameter.
  • each bundle of larger diameter is located in a bore 47 of the associated rotor disk 4. Subsequently, the axle rod 40 is moved to the right in FIG. 15 and the bundle is moved into the respective bores 44 of the legs of the protective cap, whereby this is locked.
  • one or more parts overlap trained spacer ring 51 on the outer circumference by means of widenings 52 provided on the outer circumference and cross-shaped in cross-section overlaps the disks 54 and fills the axial distance between two adjacent protective caps.
  • the rotor disks 54 have two opposite, radially extending, recessed receiving grooves 11, into which the collar 52 is pushed radially at the same time onto the spacers, which in the exemplary embodiment shown consist of two half-shells, and then rotated into a bore 53 running transversely to the receiving groove 11 (see Fig. 19). Then the protective caps are pushed on, the groove 11 also serving as a receiving groove for driver strips 14 on the protective caps.
  • the spacer rings are secured in the rotated position by at least two axle rods 23; 19 four axle rods 23 are indicated.
  • a rotor 1 constructed from rotor disks 54a and 54b is shown.
  • 20 shows a version in the upper half, in which the rotor disks 54b have radially extending ribs 56 on their side surfaces, which are arranged circumferentially at a distance from one another (see also FIG. 21), so that there are quasi insertion pockets 57 between them , which are evenly distributed over the entire circumference and offer the possibility that appropriately shaped extensions 58 of the protective caps 59 can be inserted radially, thereby ensuring the transmission of force between the protective cap and the supporting body.
  • the caps are then secured in the manner already described, for example by axle rods 23.
  • each rotor disk consists, as it were, of a pair of disks 54a which are arranged at a smaller distance from one another, so that a space 55a is formed between them, which circumferentially also runs radially at a distance from one another and faces each other Side surfaces of the disks 54a of a pair of attached ribs 56 is interrupted, each bridging the distance between two disks 54a forming a pair.
  • centrally located, inwardly projecting extensions 58 of the U-shaped protective caps can be inserted between two ribs 56, so that the frictional connection is also provided here.
  • the distance between the pairs of disks enclosed by a cap corresponds exactly to the width of the disks of the opposing, interacting tools or disks of the other rotor.
  • the support body 1 can also, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 22A, consist of a tubular drum 60 with end bearing journals 103, via which it is driven and supported in a housing, not shown, of a comminution machine becomes.
  • the drum 60 is covered with protective caps 63 which can be mounted transversely to the axial direction of the support body or rotor.
  • the protective caps 63 (see FIG. 22), which in the exemplary embodiment shown have a segment 105 in the form of a segment of a circle, with which they abut the jacket of the tubular drum 60, have sawtooth-like projections 107 which are directed in the direction of rotation and are provided with cutting edges 108 at their ends, which as tools with an opposite fixed or rotating Comb, arranged, described above and for example shown in Fig. 4 comb.
  • the protective caps are connected according to the invention outside of the wear zone by non-positive and positive engagement with the support body or the drum 60, which has six openings 61 in the example shown with six circumferential rows (see FIG. 22A), through which one each rear, 62 integrally molded on the inner foot part 105 of the protective caps 63 protrudes.
  • the jacket of the drum 60 is provided with six bores 65 running in the axial direction and distributed over the circumference, which are aligned with bores 62a in the end pieces 62 of the protective caps 63 for pushing through the axle rods 23.
  • the function of the axle rod 23 can also be taken over by weld seams, for example according to the ones shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, in the case of lower loads.
  • a circumferential row is always alternately sawtooth-shaped, namely the three rows designated by 15 (rows of cutting teeth). It is also possible to equip such a drum with protective cap rings which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and are divided into segments. In this way, the drum receives the contour of a rotor shear rotor.
  • FIG. 22B An optimal solution is shown in FIG. 22B, in which a cover part 111 or 112 is arranged between the tools (each consisting of projections 107 and cutting edges 108), which covers the intermediate spaces.
  • the support body consists of a shaft 113 with, for example, strip-shaped “structures” 114.
  • the support body can consist of solid material or a tubular drum, in which case the solid material or the drum wall then functions as the strip-shaped structures 114 fulfilled.
  • the cover parts 111 can be welded to one another circumferentially and laterally (preferably on one side) with the tools and are then removed when the tools are replaced. Furthermore, as the right-hand illustration in FIG. 22B shows, on the inside of the cover parts 112 arranged between the tools, attachments 115 can be arranged, which - corresponding to the tools themselves - also engage in openings of the support body in the spaces between the tools and there - just like the tools themselves - are secured radially via an axis 116.
  • the individual, segment-shaped intermediate cover parts can also be welded to one another; axially they are supported against the adjacent side surfaces 117 of the bores or a circumferential groove into which the cover parts are embedded.
  • the inner end pieces 62 of the protective caps 63 designed as tools can be tapered towards their free end and engage with this step in counter stages 62a, thereby creating a particularly secure fit and favorable power transmission conditions.
  • the gradations can be provided both radially and axially and in both directions.
  • the support body or rotor 1 in FIGS. 23 to 29 can, for example, be constructed alternately from rotor disks 66 and spacer rings 5 arranged between them.
  • Holding elements 70 in the form of holding teeth 71 are arranged on the peripheral surfaces of the disks 67 below the cutting edges 68 of the protective caps 69. These holding teeth 71 engage in correspondingly shaped pockets 72 of the protective caps 69, the region 73 lying at the front in the direction of rotation of the rotor is preferably adapted to the shape of the holding tooth 71.
  • the flank 74 of a retaining tooth 71 lying at the front in the direction of rotor rotation interacts with the flank 76 located inside 75 of the protective cap.
  • the holding teeth 71 should both absorb the cutting forces of the cutting teeth and also cause the protective caps to be held radially.
  • 23 lies in a radial plane 77 containing the rotor axis.
  • the force-transmitting flank 74 of the holding tooth is undercut recessed relative to the radial plane 77, as is the case, for example at 78 in FIG. 27. Through the undercut 78, a radial securing of the protective caps 66 mounted transversely to the direction of the rotor axis occurs at the same time.
  • the rotor disks 66 in a further development of the invention are narrowed on both sides by the thickness t of the legs 69a of the protective caps 69 and the legs 85a of the wedge pieces 85, radially to the extent that the legs of the protective caps or the legs of the wedge pieces extend radially inwards to a diameter d that is smaller than the diameter D of the adjacent spacer rings 5.
  • each retaining tooth 71 is dimensioned so large that it protrudes radially as close as possible to the wear zone 79 (FIG. 28) into the protective cap 69. This is possible above all if the retaining tooth or the teeth 71 arranged on the circumference of the disk 67 each protrude into the area of the highest elevation 80 of the protective cap.
  • the protective caps In order to be able to mount the protective caps on holding teeth 71 provided with an undercut 78 on the circumference of the pane, in the case of the tooth undercut, the pocket 72 inside 75 of the protective cap must be a longer than the length b of the holding tooth 71 by a required mounting clearance a.
  • the protective cap 69 can additionally be secured to the underlying retaining element or retaining tooth 71 by a releasable tensioning element 81 which, in the fully assembled state, is concealed, which in FIG 84 of the holding tooth 71 is arranged.
  • the protective caps 69 are arranged at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction. The distance between the protective caps is closed by means of a segment-shaped wedge piece 85, which is connected to the adjacent protective caps 69 or the replaceable wear part is at least partially connected by welding 86a.
  • the protective caps 69 and / or wedge pieces 85 in a disk rotor must be welded to the spacer rings 5 as a securing connection 86, as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 25 and 26.
  • the protective caps 87 have, on their rear contact surface 88 with the wedge piece 92, a bar 90 projecting relative to this.
  • the associated inner surface 91 of a wedge piece lies against this bar 90 92 on. 29, in the half of the rotor shown on the left, the associated inner surface 91 of the wedge piece 92 forms a cut, while in the half shown on the right, the groove having the inner surface 91 is continuously produced in the wedge piece 92.
  • the wedge pieces are secured radially either on the rotor disk 66 by means of a screw, of which only the center line is shown on the left, or by a weld seam with the spacer rings 5.
  • further securing elements such as those in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 23, are up to 26 clamping screw shown, not required.
  • the holding teeth 94 arranged on the circumference of the support body or the rotor disk 93 are undercut so little with respect to the radial plane 77 or are so steep that the protective caps 95 are easily removed or replaced radially can be.
  • the protective caps are secured radially, inter alia, in that they are welded to the spacer rings by means of a weld seam 86.
  • the projecting parts 10 or driver strips 12, 14 on the protective caps or rotor disks could be combined with the retaining tooth 71 on the rotor disks (see FIGS. 23 to 29), which then becomes special can prove expedient if, for example, retaining strips are to be made relatively weak for reasons of space and / or an additional force transmission point is to be created for safety reasons.
  • the flanks 74/76 and on the other hand the respective retaining strips in combination or interaction are complementary.

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Claims (51)

  1. Rotor à outils de fragmentation fixes pour des machines de fragmentation à rotation lente, en particulier destinées à des produits de récupération volumineux, dans lequel, le cas échéant, des capuchons de protection qui agissent du moins partiellement comme des outils de coupe sont fixés à un corps porteur mobile en rotation, caractérisé par le fait que la transmission des forces entre le capuchon de protection et le corps porteur a lieu au moyen d'une liaison qui est située à l'intérieur de la région recouverte par le capuchon de protection et qui est bloquée par une liaison située de préférence dans la zone exempte d'usure.
  2. Rotor selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que des parties en saillie (10) ménagées sur les corps porteurs ou sur les disques de rotor (4), respectivement ou sur les capuchons de protection (7, 30, 41, 59), pénètrent dans des évidements formant des logements en saignée (11) des capuchons de protection (7, 30, 41, 59) ou, respectivement, des corps porteurs (1).
  3. Rotor selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que des pièces formant coins (85, 92) en forme de secteurs, et de préférence en forme de U en section transversale, sont disposées entre les capuchons de protection (69, 87) dans la direction de la périphérie pour servir de liaison de blocage.
  4. Rotor selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces formant coins (85, 92) ou les capuchons de protection sont soudés (86), du moins partiellement, aux capuchons de protection (7, 30, 41, 59) qui sont à chaque fois contigus.
  5. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le cas d'un rotor (1) constitué alternativement par des disques de rotor (4, 54, 66, 93) et par des couronnes d'écartement (5, 27, 51), les capuchons de protection (69, 87, 95) ou, respectivement, les capuchons de protection et/ou les pièces formant coins (85, 92) sont soudées (86) aux couronnes d'écartement (5, 27, 51).
  6. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un élément de retenue (70), lequel sert de préférence de liaison transmettant les forces, est disposé pour chaque capuchon de protection (69, 87, 95) sur le pourtour du corps porteur ou, respectivement, du disque de rotor (66).
  7. Rotor selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de retenue (70) est une dent de retenue (71, 94), laquelle présente un flanc (74) qui est situé à l'avant dans la direction de rotation du rotor et qui coopère pour transmettre les forces avec un flanc (76) situé à l'intérieur (75) du capuchon de protection (69).
  8. Rotor selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que le flanc (74) de la dent de retenue (71, 94) qui transmet les forces est situé dans un plan radial (77) contenant l'axe du rotor.
  9. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le flanc (74) de la dent de retenue (71) qui transmet les forces présente une contredépouille (78) par rapport au plan radial (77).
  10. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que la dent de retenue (71, 94) fait saillie dans le capuchon de protection (69, 87, 95) par sa hauteur (h) jusqu'au voisinage immédiat de la zone d'usure (79).
  11. Rotor selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que la dent de retenue (71, 94) fait saillie dans la région la plus haute (80) du capuchon de protection (69, 87, 95).
  12. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que chaque capuchon de protection (69, 87, 95) présente une cavité intérieure (72) qui est ouverte vers l'axe du rotor et dont la région (73) située à l'avant dans la direction (R) de rotation du rotor est de préférence ajustée à la forme de la dent de retenue (71, 94).
  13. Rotor selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que la cavité (72) ménagée à l'intérieur (75) du capuchon de protection (69) est plus longue que la longueur (b) de la dent de retenue (71) du jeu (a) qui est nécessaire pour le montage.
  14. Rotor selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que le capuchon de protection (87), sur sa surface arrière (88) de contact avec la pièce formant coin (92), comporte une baguette (90) qui fait saillie par rapport à cette surface (88) et sur laquelle la surface intérieure associée (91) de la pièce formant coin (92) porte à l'état monté.
  15. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 14, caractérisé par le fait qu'un élément de serrage amovible (81) est disposé entre la paroi arrière (83) de la cavité (72) et le flanc arrière (84) de la dent de retenue (71).
  16. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé par le fait que les disques de rotor (66), en vue de recevoir les capuchons de protection (69) et les pièces formant coins (85), sont rétrécis des deux côtés dans le sens axial de l'épaisseur (t) des ailes (69a) des capuchons de protection (69) ou, respectivement, des ailes (85a) des pièces formant coins (85), et que les ailes des capuchons de protection ou, respectivement, les ailes des pièces formant coins s'étendent vers l'intérieur dans le sens radial jusqu'à un diamètre (d) qui est inférieur au diamètre (D) des couronnes d'écartement contiguës (5).
  17. Rotor selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les parties en saillie (10) sont réalisées sous la forme de baguettes d'entraînement (12, 14, 17) qui s'étendent dans la direction (Z) du montage des capuchons de protection (7, 30, 41), ceux-ci pouvant être montés de préférence perpendiculairement à l'axe du corps porteur ou à l'axe du rotor, respectivement.
  18. Rotor selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par le fait que les baguettes d'entraînement (12) sont disposées sur les disques de rotor (4), et qu'elles pénètrent dans des rainures formant des logements en saignée correspondants (13) des capuchons de protection (7, 30, 41).
  19. Rotor selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par le fait que les baguettes d'entraînement (14) sont disposées sur les capuchons de protection (7, 30, 41), et qu'elles pénètrent dans des rainures formant des logements en saignée correspondants (15) des disques de rotor (4).
  20. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé par le fait que les capuchons de protection sont constitués par deux demi-coquilles (22a, 22b) qui s'étendent sur 180°.
  21. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1, 2 et 17 à 20, caractérisé par le fait qu'un goujon (19a) en saillie dans le sens radial à l'intérieur (18) du capuchon de protection (19) pénètre dans au moins une ouverture (21) qui est prévue sur le pourtour du disque de rotor (4).
  22. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 17 à 21, caractérisé par le fait que les couronnes d'écartement (27) présentent des saignées de tournage (28) dont la profondeur correspond à l'épaisseur (c) des ailes (29) des capuchons de protection (30).
  23. Rotor selon la revendication 22, caractérisé par le fait que les ailes (29) des capuchons de protection (30) pénètrent dans les saignées de tournage (28) des couronnes d'écartement (27).
  24. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisé par le fait que les ailes (29) des capuchons de protection en forme de U (30) arrivent jusqu'à l'axe (2) du rotor, et qu'elles présentent des deux côtés des épaulements (31) en forme de cylindres de révolution dans la région de l'arbre du rotor.
  25. Rotor selon la revendication 24, caractérisé par le fait que les épaulements (31) sont réalisés sous la forme d'élargissements (32) des ailes (29) des capuchons de protection (30).
  26. Rotor selon la revendication 24, caractérisé par le fait que les épaulements (31) sont réalisés sous la forme de saignées (33) qui sont obtenues par tournage dans les ailes (29) des capuchons de protection (30).
  27. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 24 à 26, caractérisé par le fait que les couronnes d'écartement (27) qui sont disposées entre les disques de rotor sont réalisées en une pièce (34) ou en plusieurs pièces (35), et que, pour servir de blocage dans le sens radial, elles recouvrent sur leur pourtour extérieur les épaulements (31) des ailes (29) des capuchons de protection (30) au moyen d'élargissements (36) en forme de T en section transversale.
  28. Rotor selon la revendication 27, caractérisé par le fait que la couronne d'écartement (27) est divisée perpendiculairement à l'axe du rotor en trois disques (37a, b, c), parmi lesquels les deux disques extérieurs (37a, 37c) sont conformés en L en section transversale et au moins le disque central (37b) est constitué par deux demi-coquilles.
  29. Rotor selon la revendication 27 ou 28, caractérisé par le fait que le disque central (37b) recouvre les disques extérieurs sur leur pourtour extérieur au moyen d'un élargissement (36) en forme de T en section transversale, et qu'il remplit la distance dans le sens axial entre deux capuchons de protection voisins (30).
  30. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 22 à 29, caractérisé par le fait que les couronnes d'écartement (27) qui sont divisées en deux demi-coquilles (27a, 27b) ou, respectivement, les parties (37a, b, c) des couronnes d'écartement sont reliées entre elles au moyen de vis (16) ou de cordons de soudure (86).
  31. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 30, caractérisé par le fait que le blocage dans le sens radial est obtenu au moyen de tiges d'axe (23, 40, 49) qui sont enfoncées à travers des perçages (38) alignés entre eux et ménagés dans les couronnes d'écartement (5, 27, 51) et/ou à travers des perçages (44) ménagés dans les capuchons de protection (7, 19, 30, 41, 59, 63) ou, respectivement, dans les ailes (29, 45) des capuchons de protection (7, 19, 30, 41, 59, 63).
  32. Rotor selon la revendication 31, caractérisé par le fait qu'un collet (43) ménagé sur la tige d'axe (40) est disposé dans la région d'au moins une aile (45) des capuchons de protection (41).
  33. Rotor selon la revendication 32, caractérisé par le fait que les tiges d'axe (40, 49) présentent des collets (43, 50) de plus grand diamètre à une distance égale à celle (42) des ailes des capuchons de protection (41), lesquels pénètrent dans l'état de fonctionnement dans des perçages correspondants (44) ménagés dans au moins une aile (45) des capuchons de protection (41) et, dans leur état de montage, sont désaccouplés de la tige d'axe (40, 49) par déplacement axial de celle-ci.
  34. Rotor selon la revendication 33, caractérisé par le fait que les perçages (44) ménagés dans les capuchons de protection (41) sont pourvus à chaque fois d'une fente de montage (46) dont la largeur correspond au moins au diamètre de la tige d'axe (40, 49).
  35. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 34, caractérisé par le fait que le corps porteur (1) est constitué par un tambour en forme de tube (60) pourvu de tourillons (103) à ses extrémités, que le tambour présente des ouvertures (61) à travers chacune desquelles fait saillie un prolongement arrière (62) des capuchons de protection (63), et que la surface latérale du tube ou du tambour, respectivement, est pourvue de perçages (62a) qui sont disposés dans la direction de l'axe en étant répartis sur le pourtour et qui sont alignés sur les perçages ménagés dans les prolongements des capuchons de protection (63) en vue de l'enfoncement de tiges d'axe (23).
  36. Rotor selon la revendication 35, caractérisé par le fait que le corps porteur (1) est constitué par un matériau plein.
  37. Rotor selon la revendication 35 ou 36, caractérisé par des baguettes de retenue (114) qui sont destinées aux capuchons de protection et qui sont fixées sur le tambour ou, respectivement, sur le corps en matériau plein.
  38. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 35 à 37, caractérisé par des capuchons de protection servant d'outils (107, 108).
  39. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 35 à 38, caractérisé par le fait que les prolongements intérieurs (62) sont étagés.
  40. Rotor selon la revendication 39, caractérisé par le les étagements se rétrécissent dans la direction de l'extrémité libre des prolongements (62).
  41. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 35 à 40, caractérisé par le fait que les prolongements (62) coopèrent avec des surfaces voisines du tambour, les étagements en venant en particulier en prise avec des étagements conjugués (62b).
  42. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 35 à 41, caractérisé par des pièces de recouvrement (111, 112) qui sont situées entre les capuchons de protection (63).
  43. Rotor selon la revendication 42, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces de recouvrement sont soudées aux capuchons de protection et, le cas échéant, entre elles.
  44. Rotor selon la revendication 42, caractérisé par la conformation d'un seul tenant des capuchons de protection et de leurs pièces de recouvrement contiguës.
  45. Rotor selon la revendication 42, caractérisé par un prolongement intérieur (115) de chaque pièce de recouvrement (112), lequel est de préférence bloqué dans le sens radial par le même axe que le capuchon de protection.
  46. Rotor selon la revendication 45, caractérisé par le fait que le prolongement (115) se rétrécit, de préférence d'une manière étagée, dans la direction de son extrémité libre.
  47. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 42 à 44, caractérisé par des pièces de recouvrement (111) en forme de secteurs de cylindres.
  48. Rotor selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 34, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le cas d'un rotor (1) constitué par des disques de rotor (54a, 54b), des nervures (56) s'étendant radialement à distance les unes des autres sont disposées sur les surfaces latérales des disques de rotor (54a, 54b), et qu'elles forment des cavités d'enfoncement (57) réparties sur le pourtour pour recevoir les prolongements (58) ménagés sur les capuchons de protection (59).
  49. Rotor selon la revendication 48, caractérisé par le fait que la distance entre les disques de rotor (54a) est recouverte par des nervures (56) pour chaque paire de disques.
  50. Rotor selon la revendication 48, caractérisé par le fait que les disques de rotor (54b) portent des deux côtés des nervures (56) qui, de préférence, se font face.
  51. Rotor selon la revendication 48, caractérisé par le fait que le prolongement (58) de chaque capuchon de protection (59) porte sur les nervures voisines (56).
EP90110010A 1989-06-08 1990-05-26 Rotor avec calottes de protection Expired - Lifetime EP0401620B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3918657 1989-06-08
DE3918657A DE3918657C2 (de) 1989-06-08 1989-06-08 Rotor mit Schutzkappen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401620A1 EP0401620A1 (fr) 1990-12-12
EP0401620B1 true EP0401620B1 (fr) 1994-08-31

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90110010A Expired - Lifetime EP0401620B1 (fr) 1989-06-08 1990-05-26 Rotor avec calottes de protection

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EP (1) EP0401620B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE110591T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3918657C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2058673T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0753712Y2 (ja) * 1991-03-08 1995-12-13 株式会社キンキ シュレッダー用切断刃
DE4323214A1 (de) * 1993-07-12 1995-01-19 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Förder- oder Schneidtrommel für landwirtschaftliche Erntegüter
DE4335356A1 (de) * 1993-10-16 1995-04-20 Getecha Mbh Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit mindestens einer umlaufenden Welle und mit mindestens einer Scheibe mit Reißzähnen auf dieser Welle
DE4423424C2 (de) * 1994-07-06 2002-03-14 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Rotorschere zum Zerkleinern von insbesondere sperrigen Abfällen
DE19541561B4 (de) * 1995-11-08 2004-12-16 Bohnacker, Hans Förderrotor mit Schneideinrichtung für eine landwirtschaftliche Erntemaschine
ES2174550T3 (es) * 1999-01-29 2002-11-01 Sid Soc Ind De La Doux S A Dispositivo triturador con al menos un eje rotatorio.
NL1023390C2 (nl) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-15 Veenhuis Machines Laadwagen en rotor voor het oprapen, in stukken snijden en vervoeren van landbouwproducten.
DE102008005941A1 (de) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Aufgabengut mit gegenläufigen Rotoren
DE202010010662U1 (de) * 2010-07-26 2011-11-09 Hugo Vogelsang Maschinenbau Gmbh Zweiwellenzerkleinerer mit wechselbarem Schneidmessersatz
EP3012024B1 (fr) * 2014-10-21 2018-10-03 FOR REC srl Machine de broyeur de déchets

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH621267A5 (fr) * 1978-06-20 1981-01-30 Bema Engineering Sa
GB2024655A (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-16 Metal Box Co Ltd Cutters for shredding-machines
EP0093223A1 (fr) * 1982-04-29 1983-11-09 Officina Meccanica Pierangelo Colombo Lame en forme de secteur et disposition d'arbre d'entraînement perfectionnée en particulier pour des appareils déchiqueteurs et semblables
FR2574001B1 (fr) * 1984-12-04 1987-08-14 Isme Sa Dechiqueteur a arbres rotatifs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3918657C2 (de) 1994-02-10
ES2058673T3 (es) 1994-11-01
DE59006949D1 (de) 1994-10-06
ATE110591T1 (de) 1994-09-15
EP0401620A1 (fr) 1990-12-12
DE3918657A1 (de) 1990-12-13

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