EP0400329B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von grossformatigen porösen Formkörpern geringer Dichte durch Blähen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von grossformatigen porösen Formkörpern geringer Dichte durch Blähen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0400329B1
EP0400329B1 EP90108010A EP90108010A EP0400329B1 EP 0400329 B1 EP0400329 B1 EP 0400329B1 EP 90108010 A EP90108010 A EP 90108010A EP 90108010 A EP90108010 A EP 90108010A EP 0400329 B1 EP0400329 B1 EP 0400329B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clay
swelling
rollers
region
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90108010A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0400329A3 (de
EP0400329A2 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Vahlbrauk
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Loro-Holding K H Vahlbrauk KG
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Loro-Holding K H Vahlbrauk KG
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Priority to AT90108010T priority Critical patent/ATE96367T1/de
Publication of EP0400329A2 publication Critical patent/EP0400329A2/de
Publication of EP0400329A3 publication Critical patent/EP0400329A3/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0067—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising conveyors where the translation is communicated by friction from at least one rotating element, e.g. two opposed rotations combined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
    • F27M2003/09—Expanding the charge, e.g. clay

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • Basalt, perlite, slate and clays are mainly considered as masses.
  • German patent specification 22 16 463 proposes that clay masses preformed in block form be blown on kiln cars in a double tunnel kiln.
  • DE-OS 36 35 672 and DE-OS 36 21 845 A1 it was proposed to burn molded articles with channels in a rapid-fire bogie hearth furnace and to fill the channels of the molded body by blowing.
  • the shaping is due to the pressing process and because there is no further supply of heat to the material, is associated with inevitable impairment of the internal structure and with uneven compression of the molded body.
  • the shaped body is formed by the bulk material being applied in layers with the direct action of heat being sintered in layers on the respective upper layer and optionally being expanded.
  • the particles (DE 21 24 146 C2) fall on tunnel kiln cars or a conveyor belt that are lined up one behind the other and are collected, the thickness of the resulting layer being able to depend on the running speed of the conveyor belt. Since the surface of the particles is sticky when they hit the conveyor belt, they are glued or fused together (DE-AS 14 71 408).
  • the aim is to combat the loss of swelling through slow heating of the clay mass by adding certain foaming agents which can be used for heating times of up to 180 minutes and heating rates of 2 ° C. per minute.
  • the energy consumption in this process is due to the low loading density due to a low density material, large firing mold volume and large required dimensions of the treatment device, as well as due to the wear and the high price of the individual molds that can be moved well very high.
  • DE-PS 29 41 370 C2 one tries to compensate for the unevenness of the bloating by inhomogeneously compacting the pile before firing, the edge areas being compressed more than the core area and the free space resulting from the greater compression being filled with a further pile is proposed in DE-OS 34 17 851 A1 to achieve highly porous ceramic moldings with a uniform structure in that the granular and dried raw materials are fired in a capsule space sealed against the outside atmosphere from the beginning with controlled overpressure until foaming.
  • porous ceramic shaped bodies with an essentially uniform pore distribution as a result of uniform expansion of the dried and preformed
  • annular or hollow cylindrical compacts as the preformed raw material, the material volume of which takes up 40 to 60% of the interior of the mold before heating.
  • the strength of the required volume increase which can lead to a fivefold increase in the volume of the clay mass and thus in the expansion of fillings of the volume of the individual fill particles, in order to move from the high density of the natural clay to that of the block to be produced, has low density
  • DE-PS 19 14 372 a method is described in which, from expandable granules of approximately uniform size, first of all, a dimensionally adapted, rigidly supported bulk body is formed, which then alternates briefly from opposite sides until reaching a plastic one blow-through surface state of all granules is blown with high-temperature gas.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that sufficient uniformity of the thermal treatment and heating rate of the material can only be achieved with uneconomically high flow rate when heating up a bed, especially because the expansion of the gap volume of the bed caused by the expansion causes a considerable increase in pressure to maintain the bed Current requires. Furthermore, the gases flowing through the bed disturb the formation of a gas composition which is the same in the particles and between the particles and influence the bulk material thermally and chemically.
  • the state-of-the-art methods have significant shortcomings with regard to thermal, chemical and mechanical treatment of the clay mass, with disadvantageous consequences for device expenditure, energy expenditure, product quality and process safety, in particular in connection with heating, shape, support, caking and movement of the clay mass.
  • the clay mass is not heated quickly enough because the heat flow has to overcome too great a heat transfer resistance on the way into the clay mass or because heat is stored on the way there in other masses such as firing molding compounds and they are stored in them is not transported on to the clay mass and because the energy flow density or energy conversion density in the vicinity of the clay mass or firing mold mass is not high enough.
  • Heat is stored in device parts moving in parallel with the clay mass, for example in rigid firing forms moving in parallel with the clay mass, or in caterpillar links and bands, which also results in an increase in thermal energy costs due to increased storage heat losses in terms of energy expenditure.
  • the heat transfer resistance is too great if the heat transfer path in the clay is too long, for example because the Clay was increased before it was warmed up by cold foaming and the heat transport path is not extended during the warming process by blowing, or if the heat transport resistance around the clay mass is too high because it is surrounded by a rigid firing form.
  • Inadequate thermal treatment due to slow heating reduces the space-time yield and has the consequence that the required device is too large and consequently the device and energy expenditure is too high, due to excessive thermal energy costs due to excessive wall heat losses.
  • the heating-related energy costs are too high due to excessive thermal energy costs due to excessive gas heat losses due to excessive exhaust gas quantity or excessive exhaust gas temperature or due to excessive electrical energy costs due to heating by means of capacitive electrical heat with high conversion losses, whereby this type of heating at high temperatures is also associated with a high innovation risk , or due to a hot gas flow through the clay mass with large flow resistances.
  • the clay mass used in the cold shaping it is either shaped as a compact clay mass or is subdivided, e.g. in the form of several individual partial clay masses, e.g. are combined to form a bulk body, or in the form of a clay mass with channels or a cold-foamed porous clay mass.
  • the blowing is carried out partially or exclusively before the necessary sintering of the partial clay masses to reunite them to form a whole clay mass, i.e. before the sintering of areas of the individual or contiguous ones Partial clay masses are carried out (in this way the surfaces of the partial clay masses are oxidized in order to stabilize them, to form a firmer shell and to make the surface non-tacky.
  • the bloating clay mass is supported in a disadvantageous manner both in the expansion of a non-pre-expanded and in the expansion and sintering of a pre-expanded clay.
  • the clay mass is pre-expanded or so cold-formed that it already has the external dimensions of the molded product body before expansion or expansion, especially when the clay mass is supported on all sides, if the clay mass is in the form of a bed, only that for closing takes place of the gap volume requires expansion with simultaneous sintering and the volume is increased evenly, since most of the volume increase of the bulk particles can be carried out, while deliberately preventing their mutual hindrance and the thus evenly expanded bulk particles in an upstream, uniform spatial density distribution in the dimensions of the material to be produced Block are merged, whereby even a possible non-uniform volume increase when blowing to close the gap volume no longer the upstream uniform spatial density distribution can significantly affect.
  • inflation however, strong pressure builds up in the clay mass due to the relentless support on all sides. With increasing pressure, the tendency of the expanding clay mass on the device to cure increases in particular.
  • the clay mass expands freely because there is no all-round support of the expanding clay mass.
  • the bloating is too uneven because the warm shape of the clay mass is too uncontrolled and with too little pressure.
  • Back pressure only at the end of the expansion due to rigid support on all sides to subsequently equalize the mass distribution within the molded body volume is not possible to the required extent and is associated with excessive pressure between the clay mass and the device.
  • the warm shaping takes place with too great a shaping force, as a result of too much adhesive or frictional force due to too high pressure on the contact surface between the clay mass and the device from inside or outside and thus too much force or energy required for the movement of the clay mass.
  • the method according to the invention solves the highly complex problem of uniformly carrying out the expansion process during the shaping in the shortest possible time with the defined process quality over the entire good cross section, which is at the same time a prerequisite for the economical mass production of high-quality cell-ceramic moldings and according to the known prior art has proven to be an unsolvable problem.
  • the method according to the invention allows the favorable blowing results which are achieved on small blowing bodies in the laboratory chamber furnace under the prevailing material and thermal conditions prevailing there for the blowing process, now also in the proposed large-scale continuous strand production process by realizing the Clay mass is present as a compact mass in the form of a thin plate shape, which can be heated quickly and evenly due to short heat conduction paths and large heat transfer surfaces and by simple geometry, and thus strong and uniform can be inflated.
  • a molded body made of clay Since a molded body made of clay has the required strength and other required properties only when the clay from which it is made has been fired, the clay must be fired.
  • a shaped and dried clay mass is converted into a dimensionally stable, solid, ceramic shaped body on the one hand by splitting off the water chemically bound in the clay minerals and on the other hand by sintering as a result of melting processes in the clay mass.
  • the clay In order to burn the block of clay, the clay must be heated, and it can have any geometric shape. It must be kept in a block form at the firing temperature for a certain time and also cooled down again as a block.
  • the swelling of a mass from clay mineral raw materials is a process that can occur when the clay masses are warmed up to softening, and in which an expansion of the softening clay mass into a porous body he follows.
  • the basic prerequisites for the expansion of clay are on the one hand gas formation in the clay mass to a sufficient extent and on the other hand a condition of the clay mass with a certain viscosity which is softer by high temperature, so that the clay mass is able to retain the gas which is formed in it and expand under the action of gas pressure with pore formation. Viscosity of the clay mass and gas formation in the clay mass depend on the material composition of the clay mass, the manner in which the clay mass is heated and the firing atmosphere, and thus on controllable influences that enable control of bloating.
  • the shape of the clay may vary during heating.
  • the clay mass can be heated as a foam block, hollow block, solid block, hollow plate, solid plate or in the form of several partial clay masses as a cylinder bed, hollow cylinder bed or as several plates.
  • the primary aim of a method and a device for producing large-format porous, low-density shaped bodies is to expand the clay masses to a large-format porous body by expanding the clay masses, and the advantages that when firing with expanded gas compared to firing a large-sized one before firing, may be even porous preformed clay mass without bloating are available. It is therefore understandable that the greater the clay mass is already drawn through cavities prior to firing, the weaker the advantage of burning with bloating, the disadvantages of bloating even being more pronounced. Conversely, the more compact the large format clay mass is before firing with flatulence, the greater the benefits. Further goals are the uniform, large-format geometry of the shaped body due to the uniform external shape and uniform pores.
  • a uniform low density and high strength of the molded body due to many pores is achieved by uniformly expanding the clay mass as a result of uniform heating of the clay mass exclusively from above and below with all-round and only resilient support of the expanding clay mass during the entire bloating process and the use of a clay mass that none Sintering of partial clay masses required.
  • the clay should not expand freely inside or out, but should be in the form of a compact clay at the beginning of the expansion and the warm shaping should be carried out by all-round support and resilience of the support only upwards during the entire expansion under weak pressure.
  • the expanding gas-forming reaction is an iron oxide reduction reaction by the carbon in the mass, which on the one hand, by producing a mixture of CO and CO2, provides the expanded glass and, on the other hand, by using the iron oxides hematite Fe2O3 and magnetite Fe3O4 as a flux creates ferrite FeO in the clay mass, whose toughness lowers and the expanding gases that are partially expelled from the clay mass are themselves reducing gases that have a reducing effect on the surrounding mass, the formation of the expanding gases and the trapping of the gases act synergistically and it the swelling process suddenly escalates in the entire volume or across the entire strand cross-section.
  • the bloating clay mass is prevented from caking on the device parts which support it sufficiently flat, on the one hand, by constantly moving the expanding clay mass on the parts of the device supporting it, and on the other hand, by constantly supplying oxygen to the outer surface of the expanding clay mass, making it slightly resilient to the expansion caused by expansion and making it sticky. Furthermore, despite constant all-round direct support of the expanding clay mass, the excess expansion gases can escape freely during expansion.
  • the new method points towards known methods the considerable advantage that the pores are formed quickly and evenly in the body, because the expansion of a compact clay mass in conjunction with the sealing oxidation of its surface ensures an undisturbed spread of the reducing gases which are favorable for the expansion within the clay mass Clay mass allows.
  • the uniform composition also results in a very uniform treatment from a chemical point of view and consequently a uniform product quality.
  • the uniform gas development in the clay mass causes a simultaneous and uniform expansion of the clay mass, which is also a prerequisite for achieving a product of uniform density and pore structure.
  • the clay is not subdivided in the cold molding, so that no, in particular non-oxidized, inner partial surfaces of the clay have to be sintered during the hot molding, but the clay is expanded as a compact mass, like a ball, as a compact body, like a ball with an oxidized outer shell and reduction inside.
  • the rapid heating of the clay mass is a prerequisite for sufficiently strong flatulence and thus for achieving the desired low density of the shaped body to be exposed.
  • the uniform heating of the clay mass is a prerequisite for uniform bloating throughout the body, which is also a prerequisite for achieving a uniform pore structure of the molded body to be produced.
  • the result is a high rate of expansion and thus a maximum reduction in density of the clay mass as well as a high space-time yield of the process by reducing the density and expansion of the clay mass by means of expansion during heating up to firing with constant supply of heat while avoiding pre-expansion and post-expansion or sintering or compressing.
  • the clay mass Due to its softening during expansion, the clay mass needs a supportive warm formation. It has been shown that the expenditure in terms of heat, material conversion and device technology is the least if the clay remains in the molding as short as possible. The short heating time enables very short expansion and thus molding times, with continuous molding short molding distances and thus low transport friction resistance to move the clay mass.
  • the heat is supplied exclusively from above and below, so that one-dimensional and therefore uniform heat flows occur and expansion takes place in one direction and only upwards, so that a maximum change in thickness of the clay mass and thus a minimal average heat conduction path is achieved.
  • a high rate of heating of the clay mass is achieved in that, on the one hand, the clay mass has a thin and compact shape and, on the other hand, the mass and thus the path for heat conduction increases only during the heating to the firing and the density only decreases during the heating.
  • the mass is expanded like a spherical mass very quickly in 5 to 10 minutes, since it has a similarly low heat conduction path inside the clay mass and a surface that is accessible from the outside in all points of the heat supply.
  • a high degree of uniformity in the heating of the clay mass is achieved in that, on the one hand, the clay mass has a uniform shape and, on the other hand, the heat is supplied only one-dimensionally from above and below and is evenly brought up to the clay mass.
  • the uneven leveling effect of the possible non-uniformity of the heating can be partially compensated for by uniform mechanical back pressure.
  • the heat supply direction is chosen according to the invention such that it does not lie in the supporting direction of the rigidly supporting device parts, but in the supporting direction resiliently supporting device parts.
  • the expanding clay mass is guided exclusively upwards under a slight shape-maintaining counterpressure - evenly extending the heat transport paths - so that it expands into the predetermined, uniform, larger external shape.
  • the clay mass is guided on all surfaces during the entire flatulence.
  • the transport frictional resistance to the movement of the clay mass and the form force to be applied from the outside for the comparatively warm shaping and support of the expanding clay mass is low, since the form-forming pressure comes from the inside and acts against a comparative resistance of an oxidized shell and a yielding resistance of the device from the outside .
  • the dimension of the device increases with the expansion of the clay mass and this process is opposed by the device only as much resistance as is necessary to achieve sufficient uniformity of the bloating.
  • the tendency of the inflatable body to form a spherically curved shape is counteracted, so that the cuboid shape is maintained during the expansion.
  • the continuous all-round and resilient upwards Supported movement of the clay mass during the bloating is expediently supplemented by a regulation of the front and rear end face of the bloating clay mass, which due to the "hydrostatic" pressure expansion in the bloating clay mass with firm support at the bottom and to the right and left, the simultaneous regulation of the spread of the clay mass upwards and thus enables the height of the molded body to be produced.
  • a high rate of heating requires that the energy flow density or energy conversion density of heat sources in the vicinity of the clay mass be high outside or also within the volume of the shaped body and that heat sinks are not present there.
  • the clay mass is heated during the expansion in order to achieve a high energy flow density in the vicinity of the clay mass without device parts moving in parallel with the clay mass, and the heat is generated with high energy conversion density as electrostatic heat in the device parts surrounding the clay mass.
  • the required high uniformity of the furnace temperature lengthways and crossways above and below the blowing clay mass as well as the required high heat flow density in the furnace in the direction of the expanding clay mass to achieve very fast and very even heating of the clay mass can be achieved particularly advantageously by resistance heating elements distributed over a large area, which additionally in contrast to the use of heating gases as heat sources are expedient since the amount of heat supplied can be adjusted independently of the gas composition of the oxidizing gas with electrical heating elements and can thus be optimally adapted to the process requirements.
  • a low form-forming force results from the variable support of the clay mass, which yields with the increase in the external dimensions of the clay mass.
  • the low shape-forming force which counteracts the body that tends to round its shapes with a rectangularly uniform resistance to the blowing force with a resistance that can be set from zero or greater, retains the rectangular shape during the expansion.
  • the rotational speeds of the rollers of the roller conveyor groups of insertion zone and expanded zone on the one hand and discharge zone on the other hand can be regulated separately.
  • the housing 1 is essentially divided into three different, successive zones in accordance with the direction of flow of the mass 4 defined by the arrows 2, 3, namely an insertion zone 5, an expansion zone 6 and an extraction zone 7.
  • the insertion zone 5 serves essentially only for conveying the strand or plate-shaped unexpanded mass 4, the swelling zone 6 of the thermal treatment of this mass, in particular the swelling, whereas the draw-off zone 7 only serves to promote or discharge the bloated product.
  • the expansion progress is indicated by the thickness B of the mass 4, which begins in the expansion zone 6 and increases in the direction of flow.
  • the mass 4 is supported on the underside by the rollers 9, in the inflation zone by the rollers 10 and in the draw-off zone by the rollers 11, which are each arranged at a distance from one another.
  • the mass 4 is guided on the top side in the insertion zone by the rollers 12, in the inflation zone by the rollers 13 and in the draw-off zone by the rollers 14. All rollers 13 to 15 are in turn arranged at a distance from one another.
  • the rollers 9, 12 of the insertion zone 5, the rollers 15, 16 of the inflation zone and the rollers 11, 14 of the withdrawal zone can be rotated in the walls of the housing 1 in a manner not shown in the drawing, but are otherwise mounted immovably.
  • the upper-side rollers 13 in the inflatable zone 6, however, are mounted in a defined manner vertically, ie displaceably in the direction parallel to the arrows 17, and for this purpose are accommodated in the U-shaped brackets 10 which overlap the housing 1 and whose vertical sections 19 have piston Cylinder units 20 are operatively connected, the pistons 21 of which are indicated schematically and which are individually provided with pressure medium supply lines 22. It can be seen that by pressurizing the individual pistons 21 on the swelling mass 4, an individually adjustable compressive force for each piston-cylinder unit 20 can be exerted in order to mechanically influence the inflation process in the sense of the above statements.
  • rollers 9, 10 of the insertion zone 5 and the inflation zone 6 summarizing pressure medium, e.g. a chain and with 24 a comparable, the rollers 11 of the trigger zone 7 drivingly summarizing traction means.
  • the rollers 9, 10 of the insertion zone 5 and the inflation zone 6, on the one hand, and the rollers 11 of the withdrawal zone 7, on the other hand, are each driven synchronously and are connected to speed-adjustable electrical drives, not shown in the drawing.
  • the upper rollers 12, 13 are also driven synchronously with the lower rollers of insertion zone 5 and inflation zone 6.
  • upper rollers 14 of take-off zone 7 are driven synchronously with lower rollers 11.
  • the side rollers 15, 16 are also driven synchronously with the rollers 10 of the inflatable zone 6 and are also linked in terms of drive technology via a traction means 25.
  • a stationary drive is designated 26, which transmits a rotary movement to the shaft 27, which is displaceably mounted vertically, ie parallel to the direction of the arrows 17, at the lower end of which a bevel gear pair 28 which effects the linkage with the rollers 13 is arranged. All shafts 27 are connected to one another via the drive 26.
  • 29 area resistance heating elements are designated) which are located inside the housing 1 below and above the mass 4 to be treated and are provided with openings 30 for introducing and removing oxidizing gases, which can thus act on the top and bottom of the mass to be treated.
  • the expandable mass 4 to be thermally treated is supported within the device in the insertion zone 5 by linear contact, is guided by synchronous drive of the rollers arranged above and below, in the expanding zone 6 laterally and on the underside again by linear Touch is relentlessly supported, but at the same time is promoted, whereas on the upper side a guidance characterized by linear contact also takes place, which, however, is flexible under adjustable force in order to control the inflation process and that in turn in the trigger zone 7 is formed by rigidly on the top and bottom line-like contact marked guidance and promotion of the inflated mass takes place.
  • the process conditions set in the blowing zone 6 are characterized by controllable heating at the top and bottom, an all-round application of oxidizing gases and a expansion of the mass 4 which occurs as a result of the blowing process against an individually adjustable contact pressure of the rollers 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP90108010A 1989-05-27 1990-04-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von grossformatigen porösen Formkörpern geringer Dichte durch Blähen Expired - Lifetime EP0400329B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90108010T ATE96367T1 (de) 1989-05-27 1990-04-27 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von grossformatigen poroesen formkoerpern geringer dichte durch blaehen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3917282 1989-05-27
DE3917282A DE3917282C1 (it) 1989-05-27 1989-05-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0400329A2 EP0400329A2 (de) 1990-12-05
EP0400329A3 EP0400329A3 (de) 1991-09-11
EP0400329B1 true EP0400329B1 (de) 1993-10-27

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EP90108010A Expired - Lifetime EP0400329B1 (de) 1989-05-27 1990-04-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von grossformatigen porösen Formkörpern geringer Dichte durch Blähen

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US (1) US5151228A (it)
EP (1) EP0400329B1 (it)
JP (1) JPH0319803A (it)
AT (1) ATE96367T1 (it)
BR (1) BR9002468A (it)
CA (1) CA2014406A1 (it)
DD (1) DD298772A5 (it)
DE (1) DE3917282C1 (it)
ES (1) ES2045625T3 (it)
NO (1) NO902312L (it)

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WO1996002862A1 (fr) * 1994-07-15 1996-02-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif de visualisation tete haute, dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides et leur procede de fabrication
IT1308878B1 (it) * 1999-04-28 2002-01-11 De Fatis Stefano Tabarelli Procedimento per ottenere manufatti solidi di schiuma di argilla daimpiegare nell'edilizia, e prodotti relativi.
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EP0400329A3 (de) 1991-09-11
DD298772A5 (de) 1992-03-12
BR9002468A (pt) 1991-08-13
NO902312L (no) 1990-11-28
JPH0319803A (ja) 1991-01-29
ES2045625T3 (es) 1994-01-16
US5151228A (en) 1992-09-29
ATE96367T1 (de) 1993-11-15
EP0400329A2 (de) 1990-12-05
CA2014406A1 (en) 1990-11-27
NO902312D0 (no) 1990-05-25
DE3917282C1 (it) 1990-05-23

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