EP0399988B1 - Schnapprastenwerk - Google Patents

Schnapprastenwerk Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0399988B1
EP0399988B1 EP90890104A EP90890104A EP0399988B1 EP 0399988 B1 EP0399988 B1 EP 0399988B1 EP 90890104 A EP90890104 A EP 90890104A EP 90890104 A EP90890104 A EP 90890104A EP 0399988 B1 EP0399988 B1 EP 0399988B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
driver ring
driver
ring
detent device
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90890104A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0399988A2 (de
EP0399988A3 (de
Inventor
Alsch Ing. Gottfried
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0399988A2 publication Critical patent/EP0399988A2/de
Publication of EP0399988A3 publication Critical patent/EP0399988A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0399988B1 publication Critical patent/EP0399988B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/10—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H19/20—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective in either direction
    • H01H19/24—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective in either direction acting with snap action
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/10—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H19/11—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon with indexing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1526—Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion
    • Y10T74/1553—Lever actuator
    • Y10T74/1555—Rotary driven element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a snap mechanism for rotary switches with more than two locking positions, in which the drive shaft can be rotated against the force of an energy accumulator and the locking position is assumed with at least partial relaxation of the energy accumulator, the energy accumulator being formed by at least one axially acting compression spring and one in In the circumferential direction, the driving ring having inclined surfaces is acted upon, which driving ring interacts with a further driving ring which has a corresponding counter profile with inclined surfaces and can be coupled to the switch shaft.
  • DE-C 524 332 shows an electrical installation switch of the type mentioned at the outset, the aim of which was always to ensure safe lifting under spring pressure standing lock washer and to achieve a smooth and smooth gear of the switch.
  • both the locking disk and a locking bracket interacting with it are designed with mutually complementary catches.
  • a latching mechanism for switches is also known, in which or the like between one with a handle. connected drive shaft and a control device controlling the contact actuations, a clutch is provided.
  • a drive-side coupling half of this coupling which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive shaft, comprises a disk-shaped part with one or the like in the handle.
  • This hollow cylindrical approach is surrounded by a spiral spring serving as an energy store, which is inserted under pretension and protrudes with its ends bent inwards in the radial direction into a recess formed in both approaches.
  • a spiral spring serving as an energy store
  • the side walls of the recess of both lugs are aligned in a plane running through the axis of rotation.
  • the coupling half on the output side has a hub with external toothing, which ensures that a disc-shaped intermediate ratchet, which has ratchet teeth for opposite directions of rotation on its two end faces, is entrained in rotation.
  • the intermediate ratchet interacts to form an inhibiting device on the one hand with a ratchet disc held in the housing of the locking mechanism in a rotationally fixed and non-displaceable manner and on the other hand with a ratchet disc which is non-rotatable but is axially displaceable in the grooves of the rear housing shell of the locking mechanism and is pressed resiliently against the clutch half on the output side.
  • a ratchet disc which is non-rotatable but is axially displaceable in the grooves of the rear housing shell of the locking mechanism and is pressed resiliently against the clutch half on the output side.
  • To control the inhibiting device are used axially displaceably arranged in bores of the output side coupling half Pins which rest at one end on the control cam and at the other end on the non-rotatable and axially displaceable, spring-loaded ratchet disc and which can also be brought to bear on the intermediate ratchet with shoulders.
  • the design of the energy accumulator as a spiral spring has certain disadvantages, since on the one hand the spring windings should come into contact with the surrounding wall parts of the catch mechanism or switch housing as little or not at all, so that the speed of the contact movement is not undesirably influenced , and on the other hand the points of attack of the spring ends on the assigned parts of the locking mechanism, which for reasons of weight, insulation and corrosion practically always consist of plastic, are critical with regard to the service life of the switch.
  • the invention aims to provide a snap mechanism of the type mentioned, in which the speed of the contact movement during a switching process is independent of the actuation speed of the drive shaft and other influences and which is a type of power transmission between the energy accumulator and the favorable for the service life has associated parts of the rest mechanism and at which prevents accidental overturning of locking positions by turning the switch handle too quickly or exerting excessive torque on it.
  • the snap-action mechanism essentially consists in that a coupling for dragging is provided between the two driver rings, that the driver-side driver ring carries stops which cooperate with counter-stops fixed to the housing when a snap position of the catch mechanism is reached and block a further movement of the driver ring that at least one ring-shaped link is provided, which has saw teeth on its end faces in the circumferential direction, mutually oppositely inclined and cooperates with corresponding counter profiles on the handle-side driver ring or in the housing, and that the switch-side driver ring with knobs, radial ribs or the like. or recesses and / or radial grooves is formed, which cooperate with complementary profiles of the housing.
  • the energy accumulator is formed by at least one axially acting compression spring, a high force can be stored with small-sized springs, and in particular an embodiment is possible in which even if a spring breaks, the function of the locking mechanism is not significantly impaired.
  • the energy storage by compression of such a compression spring also allows constructions in which the stored force is brought to effect over a much larger radius and distributed over the circumference of the driven driving ring, this type of force absorption being considerably cheaper than the force which can be absorbed in the case of a flat spiral spring , which is always brought into effect at least at one end of the flat spiral spring near the axis and thus via an unfavorable lever arm.
  • the driver-side driver ring which is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the drive shaft, it can act, for example, on compression springs forming the force accumulator several places on the circumference of this driver ring, are applied, which results in a particularly favorable force absorption with small-sized springs.
  • such a design enables a protected arrangement of the springs in the wall of the housing of the snap-action mechanism.
  • the coupling proposed according to the invention for entrained entrainment between the two driver rings ensures that the switch elements are initiated when the switch handle rotates from one latching position to the next over the greater part of the path and the energy accumulator is tensioned accordingly. Due to the interaction of the stops of the handle-side driver ring with the counter-stops fixed to the housing, the turning of the switch handle is momentarily blocked when the catch mechanism is in the snap position, and overturning of the switch handle to the next following stop position is largely prevented, since the person operating the switch also feels the instantaneous resistance. that it has twisted the switch handle sufficiently for the intended switching operation.
  • a relief of the inclined surfaces of the driver rings upon exact blocking of the path of the driver rings upon reaching the switching position is achieved according to the invention in that at least one annular link is provided which has saw teeth on its end faces which extend in the circumferential direction and are oppositely inclined to one another and with corresponding counter profiles on the driver side driver ring or interacts in the housing.
  • the driver-side driver ring with knobs, radial ribs or the like. or recesses and / or radial grooves is formed, which cooperate with complementary profiles of the housing.
  • the stops fixed to the housing are preferably pivotally mounted.
  • the design can hiebei one on the outer circumference of the corresponding pawl on the handle-side driving ring. With a snap mechanism that is effective in both directions of rotation, at least one such pawl must then be provided for each direction of rotation.
  • a favorable embodiment of a snap-action mechanism that is effective in both directions of rotation consists in that the stops on the handle-side driver ring are formed by radial ribs, which interact with pivotable stop rockers mounted in the housing.
  • the stop rockers are pivotable about radial axes to the axis of rotation of the locking mechanism and are pivoted by the radial ribs of the handle-side driving ring when it rotates depending on the direction of rotation in the position required for achieving a secure stop.
  • the handle-side driver ring When the handle-side driver ring is turned, its radial ribs run against the end faces of the stop rockers, as a result of which the handle-side driver ring and the switch handle are stopped until the switch element has independently followed this position; the radial ribs of the driver ring on the handle side then come out of the engagement area of the stop rockers and this driver ring and the switch handle are released for a next step.
  • the stop rockers can be accommodated on the inner end face of the housing without any significant volume requirement.
  • the stop rockers expediently extend in the circumferential direction over a length which is greater than the distance, measured at the same radius, of the radial ribs of the driver ring on the handle side. As a result, the stop rockers are brought into a pivoting position by the radial ribs when they move against the force of the energy accumulator, which ensures a secure stop for the radial rib which follows in the direction of rotation.
  • the inclined surfaces of the driver-side driver ring and the inclined surfaces of the switch-side driver ring which interact with these inclined surfaces are each inclined in opposite directions to one another in the same way.
  • the twisting forces to be applied on the handle side are the same for the purpose of storing force in opposite directions of rotation.
  • the inclined surfaces of the interacting driver rings are not moved beyond the highest point of the inclined surfaces and thus the same surface pairs of the two driver rings always come into contact with one another.
  • the switch drive When equipping a switch with various types of switch elements, such as break contacts, make contacts or change-over contacts, the switch drive has different torque loads.
  • a relief of the inclined surfaces of the driving rings can be further improved in that the annular link is arranged concentrically to the inclined surfaces of the driving rings and that the link on the side facing the handle-side driving ring and on the end face facing away from this driving ring each interacts with the corresponding counter profile on the handle-side driving ring or in the housing.
  • the training in the case of two permissible directions of rotation is preferably made such that a separate coaxial shaft ring is provided for each direction of rotation, the saw teeth of a backdrop alternately having steeper and flatter flanks and the flatter or steeper flanks of a backdrop being inclined in opposite directions run to the flatter or steeper flanks of the other backdrop.
  • the switching process i.e. the rotation of the further drive ring that can be coupled to the switch shaft is triggered by exceeding the dead center position of the rotatable links and the force stored in the energy accumulator reaches the steeper of the two flanks of the sawtooth of the link quickly and independently of the speed of actuation of the switch handle quick effect.
  • the switching process itself therefore takes place at an essentially uncontrollable speed and the rotation of the switch handle until the switching process is triggered is used exclusively to store the force required for the switching process.
  • the switching process itself takes place in an advantageous manner in that the link is rotated by the handle-side driver ring, the design being advantageously made such that the handle-side driver ring concentric with its inclined surfaces interacting with the switch-side driver ring for each link sawtooth-like profiles for rotating the respective Backdrop (s), which act as a freewheel when using the backstop serving for the other direction of rotation of the locking mechanism.
  • the switch-side driver ring is provided with a profile in the form of knobs, ribs or recesses or the like.
  • the design is such that the knobs, radial ribs or the like.
  • switch-side driver ring is formed on the side facing away from the inclined surfaces of the handle-side driver ring, the maximum flank inclination of the knobs, radial ribs or the like. or recesses and / or radial grooves in the circumferential direction with respect to a normal plane to the raster axis is smaller than 90 °.
  • the switch-side driver ring is released from the profiles via the coupling for towed entrainment.
  • the energy accumulator is formed by at least three springs arranged on the circumference of the housing, the spring plates of which overlap the edge of the handle-side and axially displaceable driving ring on the side facing the switch handle ,
  • the arrangement of at least three springs ensures that a sufficient adjustment force for the switch is stored even if a spring breaks. To increase the symmetry of the force even when a spring breaks, more springs can of course be accommodated, which seems particularly possible due to the small compression springs in the housing.
  • the energy accumulator formed by the compression springs is charged by axial displacement of the handle-side driver ring when moving along the flatter flanks of a backdrop or along the inclined surfaces of the switch-side driver ring and the springs must therefore be arranged so that the spring plate touches the edge of the handle-side and axially overlap the displaceable driver ring on the side which is to be acted upon when the compression springs are released in order to turn the switch-side driver ring into the new detent position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a snap catch mechanism according to the invention in axial section
  • FIG. 2 shows a part of a developed view of a backdrop of the snap-action mechanism of FIG. 1 in cooperation with the handle-side driver ring and the rear housing part
  • 3 shows a part of a developed representation of the switch-side driver ring in cooperation with the handle-side driver ring in a position of the snap-action mechanism corresponding to FIG. 2
  • 4 shows the parts shown in FIG. 2 with the energy accumulator tensioned at the moment when the switch contacts are actuated
  • FIG. 5 shows the parts of the snap-action mechanism shown in FIG. 3 in a position of the snap-action mechanism corresponding to FIG. 4.
  • the switch contacts to be actuated and their actuating elements to be driven by the driver ring on the switch side are not shown in the drawing.
  • the housing of the snap mechanism is composed of a front or handle-side housing part 1 and a rear or switch-side housing part 2 by means of a latching connection 3.
  • a hollow drive shaft 4 can be rotated in any direction by a switch handle (not shown).
  • the drive shaft 4 is secured by a stop shoulder 5 of the front housing part 1 against falling out of the housing 1, 2.
  • a handle-side driver ring 6 is coupled to the drive shaft 4 in a rotationally fixed but axially displaceable manner via a toothing 7. In the left half of FIG. 1, the driver ring 6 is drawn in its rest position, in the right half of FIG. 1 it is shown in its maximum raised position during a switching operation.
  • an energy store is provided with several springs 8 arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference of the housing, this energy store during most of the way of the switch handle movement stretched from one position to the next and only released at the end of this path for the contact movement during the switching process.
  • One of the springs 8 of the energy accumulator is shown in section in the right half of FIG. 1. The upper end of the spring 8 in the drawing is supported in the front housing part 1. The lower end of the spring 8 rests on a spring plate 9 which is Z-shaped in longitudinal section.
  • the special shape of the spring plate 9 makes it possible, despite the fact that the handle-side driver ring 6 moves up and down in the front region of the housing 1, 2, almost to use the entire clear height available in the housing 1, 2 for the installation space of the springs 8. This enables the required spring force and a favorable spring characteristic to be achieved in a simple manner.
  • the projection 10 of the spring plate 9 located at a distance from the lower end of the spring 8 engages over the upper edge area of the handle-side driver ring 6 and in this way transmits the spring force to the driver ring. 2 to 5, a spring 8 is shown only schematically and not according to the actual construction.
  • the driver ring 6 on the handle side is provided with radial ribs 11, the angular division of which corresponds to the angular division of the switch positions.
  • stop rockers 12 are pivotally mounted about radial axes in the front housing part 1, the stop rockers 12 extending in the circumferential direction over a length which is greater than the distance measured on the same radius radial ribs 11 of the handle-side driver ring 6, as can be clearly seen from FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • each backdrop is provided on its end faces with saw teeth that run in the circumferential direction and are inclined in opposite directions, which alternately have steeper and flatter flanks, the flatter or steeper flanks of one backdrop being inclined in opposite directions to the flatter or steeper flanks of the other backdrop .
  • the upper saw teeth interact with corresponding saw teeth of the driver-side driving ring and the lower saw teeth with large tooth height are in operative connection with corresponding saw teeth formed in the rear housing part 2. The interaction of these saw teeth will be explained in more detail below.
  • a clearance 16 is provided between the mutually facing end faces of the drive shaft 4 and the switch-side driver ring 13.
  • a compression spring 17 is inserted between the two end faces.
  • FIG. 2 shows a development of a cylindrical surface running through the link 14
  • FIG. 3 shows a development of a cylindrical surface running through the interacting profiles of the two driving rings, each in the idle state of the snap-action mechanism.
  • the compression spring 17 presses the driver-side driving ring 13 with its end-side recesses 24 onto the knobs 25 of the rear housing part 2 and thereby snaps the switch so that it is subject to both vibration and vibration when tensioning the energy accumulator is held in position by actuating the handle-side driver ring 6.
  • the driver-side driver ring on the flank 29 is carried so far that the knobs 25 are moved out of the recesses 24 and thus the latching of the switch is canceled.
  • the flanks 22 of the driver ring 6 on the handle side move on the flanks 23 of the switch-side driver ring 13 in synchronism with the movement of the flanks 20 along the corresponding flanks 21.
  • the force of the springs 8 acts on the handle-side driver ring 6 via the inclined flanks 22 on the flanks 23 of the switch-side driver ring 13 and moves it into the next position, to the right in the drawing, until the knobs 25 come to rest in the recesses 24.
  • the ribs 11 of the handle-side driving ring 6 are released and the next switching movement can be started. If the force of the springs 8 is not sufficient to move the driver-side driver ring 13 and no more torque is exerted on the actuating element, then the handle-side driver ring 6 is moved back over the flanks 22 and 23 into the starting position and thus the actuating element shows, mostly is provided with a display device, the position corresponding to the switch-side driver ring 13.

Landscapes

  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
  • Supports Or Holders For Household Use (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
EP90890104A 1989-05-24 1990-04-05 Schnapprastenwerk Expired - Lifetime EP0399988B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT126889 1989-05-24
AT1268/89 1989-05-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0399988A2 EP0399988A2 (de) 1990-11-28
EP0399988A3 EP0399988A3 (de) 1991-10-23
EP0399988B1 true EP0399988B1 (de) 1995-04-05

Family

ID=3510209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90890104A Expired - Lifetime EP0399988B1 (de) 1989-05-24 1990-04-05 Schnapprastenwerk

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5055644A (es)
EP (1) EP0399988B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE120878T1 (es)
AU (1) AU622997B2 (es)
CA (1) CA2013831C (es)
DE (1) DE59008823D1 (es)
DK (1) DK0399988T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2072419T3 (es)
NO (1) NO301858B1 (es)
NZ (1) NZ233210A (es)
YU (1) YU47864B (es)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5310972A (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-05-10 Bremas S.P.A. Snap-action device for cooperating with toothed wheels or the like, in particular for use in electrical change-over or other switches
US8461483B2 (en) * 2009-07-24 2013-06-11 Lincoln Global, Inc. Engine driven welding power supplies with two piece shaft

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE524332C (de) 1927-05-20 1931-05-07 Kontakt Akt Ges Fabrik Elektro Elektrischer Installationsdrehschalter fuer Rechts- und Linksschaltung
US2810029A (en) * 1956-02-01 1957-10-15 Gen Electric Snap acting drum switch
US3718786A (en) * 1971-08-05 1973-02-27 Tri Line Electric Co Inc Rotary switch assembly
US3770926A (en) * 1972-07-27 1973-11-06 Allen Bradley Co Selector switch actuator with part of detent means integral with actuator cam
AT339417B (de) * 1974-04-25 1977-10-25 Naimer H L Vorrichtung zur entkupplung einer schalterantriebswelle
US4175220A (en) * 1977-12-07 1979-11-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Convertible selector switch
US4263486A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-04-21 Taylor Glenn R Rotary operator
AT374960B (de) * 1980-01-23 1984-06-25 Naimer H L Rastenwerk
US4737608A (en) * 1987-07-10 1988-04-12 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Convertible rotary switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2013831C (en) 1995-06-13
ES2072419T3 (es) 1995-07-16
EP0399988A2 (de) 1990-11-28
CA2013831A1 (en) 1990-11-24
AU622997B2 (en) 1992-04-30
NZ233210A (en) 1993-02-25
DE59008823D1 (de) 1995-05-11
YU97090A (sh) 1994-04-05
YU47864B (sh) 1996-02-19
US5055644A (en) 1991-10-08
NO301858B1 (no) 1997-12-15
ATE120878T1 (de) 1995-04-15
DK0399988T3 (da) 1995-07-17
AU5293390A (en) 1990-12-13
EP0399988A3 (de) 1991-10-23
NO902287D0 (no) 1990-05-23
NO902287L (no) 1990-11-26

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