EP0386556A2 - Procédé pour la production d'un composite métallique qui a une région présentant une résistance élevée à l'usure - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production d'un composite métallique qui a une région présentant une résistance élevée à l'usure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0386556A2
EP0386556A2 EP90103614A EP90103614A EP0386556A2 EP 0386556 A2 EP0386556 A2 EP 0386556A2 EP 90103614 A EP90103614 A EP 90103614A EP 90103614 A EP90103614 A EP 90103614A EP 0386556 A2 EP0386556 A2 EP 0386556A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
material particles
electroslag remelting
magnetic field
hard material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90103614A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0386556A3 (fr
Inventor
Hansgeorg Dipl.-Ing. Bremekamp
Peter Dr.-Ing. Dahlmann
Johannes Jachowski
Erich Dipl.-Ing. Mulisch
Paul Dipl.-Ing. Pant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fried Krupp AG
Original Assignee
Fried Krupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fried Krupp AG filed Critical Fried Krupp AG
Publication of EP0386556A2 publication Critical patent/EP0386556A2/fr
Publication of EP0386556A3 publication Critical patent/EP0386556A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
    • B22D23/10—Electroslag casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing metallic, highly wear-resistant areas of blasting composite bodies, which consist of at least two different materials with at least one mixing zone formed therefrom, using electro-slag remelting, wherein in the block, which is built up by melting an electrode in a mold, Hard material particles fed continuously from above through the slag for dissolving can be stored in the base material of the block formed from the electrode material.
  • Hard material particles in the sense of the invention are hard material particles (ie hard carbides, nitrides, borides, oxides and silicides, in particular also WC and W2C) and / or hard metal particles, optionally also from broken hard metal scrap (ie alloys which consist of one or more hard materials, in particular carbides , and a binder metal composed of iron, cobalt and / or nickel).
  • hard material particles ie hard carbides, nitrides, borides, oxides and silicides, in particular also WC and W2C
  • hard metal particles optionally also from broken hard metal scrap (ie alloys which consist of one or more hard materials, in particular carbides , and a binder metal composed of iron, cobalt and / or nickel).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method which enables the production of a composite body with at least one region running parallel to the solidification axis and which is highly wear-resistant due to the incorporation of hard material particles in the base material.
  • the object is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1.
  • the basic idea of the invention is then, during the electroslag remelting generate an inward magnetic field on at least part of the mold circumference; This causes the hard material particles to be embedded in at least one edge section and over the height in the longitudinal direction of the mold of the building block.
  • the hard material particles can be embedded in such a way that at least a more or less wide area with the desired properties is created in the block, which extends only over part of the block cross section.
  • the magnetic field should come into play in particular in the mold section, in which the hard material particles pass through the slag layer below the electrode and are embedded in the metal sump below.
  • a magnetic field to produce an edge intercalation of hard material particles naturally presupposes that they can be influenced by the magnetic field, that is to say they are ferromagnetic. If desired, the magnetic field can also be designed such that it completely surrounds the mold and accordingly leads to the formation of a highly wear-resistant area with a closed cross section.
  • the magnetic field can be produced in a simple manner by magnets arranged successively in the longitudinal direction of the mold; these can be used in the process according to the invention be designed as permanent magnets or as electromagnets.
  • the magnetic field is preferably moved during the electroslag remelting in adaptation to the build-up speed of the block (ie in coordination with the remelting speed) (claim 2). This has the advantage that the magnetic field can act specifically in each case in the mold section, in which the hard material particles penetrate into the metal sump and must be suitably arranged to form the highly wear-resistant area.
  • the adaptation of the magnetic field to the build-up speed of the block can advantageously also be carried out in such a way that a plurality of stationary electromagnets which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the mold are switched on or off in succession in accordance with the movement of the metal sump.
  • the formation of the highly wear-resistant area in the longitudinal direction of the mold can also be influenced, if necessary, by changing the strength of the magnetic field in the course of the electroslag remelting in a certain manner, for example periodically or linearly (claim 3).
  • the method of the invention can be further developed in such a way that the electroslag remelting is carried out in a mold with a cross section close to the final contour (claim 4); such a procedure allows the composite body removed from the mold to be installed without further processing, for example in a wear unit.
  • Another possible embodiment of the method consists in performing the electroslag remelting in a mold with a geometrically simple cross-section and converting the composite body into its final shape by subsequent hot deformation (claim 5). Of course, this presupposes that the area of the base material not covered with hard material particles can be thermoformed due to its material properties.
  • the addition of the hard material particles in adaptation to the remelting speed in the electroslag remelting is preferably carried out in such a way that the mass of the incorporated hard material particles makes up between 20% and 95% of the mass of the remelted base material (claim 6).
  • the hard material particles supplied during the electroslag remelting should have a size between 0.5 mm and 10 mm (claim 7).
  • a magnetic field generator is assigned to at least part of the circumferential wall of the mold. This is - in accordance with the task - designed in any case so that the highly wear-resistant area arising in the edge section over the entire length of the block extends in the mold longitudinal direction.
  • a particularly simple magnetic field generator consists of at least one permanent magnet which is either held stationary or can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the mold via a feed drive.
  • the magnetic field generator is designed in such a way that it completely surrounds the circumferential wall of the mold - viewed in plan view - that is, it is normally adapted to the cross section of the mold. If, for example, the mold has a circular cross section, the magnetic field generator consists of a ring magnet that is stationary or movable with respect to the mold.
  • a mold 1 with a cross section that is rectangular in plan view is used to carry out the method according to the invention; For the sake of clarity, only the two side surfaces 1a, 1b of the mold circumferential wall and the bottom surface 1c are shown. The three surfaces mentioned are each perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • electroslag remelting a block 2 gradually builds up in the mold 1 from bottom to top, namely by melting an electrode 3 providing the base material; this dips into a liquid slag 4 on the face side and melts in the process.
  • a magnetic field generator 10 is assigned to each of the side surfaces 1a and 1b of the mold circumferential wall, each of which originates in the mold longitudinal direction successive, stationary magnets 10a assembled.
  • the hard material particles 7 supplied laterally from above during the electroslag remelting are influenced by the magnetic field emanating from the two magnetic field generators 10 in such a way that they preferentially in the edge section of the building block 2, that is to say in the vicinity of the side surfaces 1a and 1b, into the base material store and form there the already mentioned, highly wear-resistant area 8 or 9 with the width B.
  • the magnets 10a consist of permanent magnets; however, they can also be designed as electromagnets which, if desired, can be switched on or off in chronological succession from bottom to top in adaptation to the build-up speed of the block 2 being formed.
  • the incorporation of the hard material particles in the end region of the mold 1 can, if necessary, be influenced favorably by the two magnetic field generators 10 being angled in the beginning and end region of the side surfaces 1a and 1b, that is to say overall (as seen in the plan view) they are U-shaped with short legs .
  • the composite body present after the electroslag remelting has three regions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, each in the longitudinal direction of the mold or are aligned parallel to the solidification axis of the block 2, namely the left and right highly wear-resistant regions 8 and 9 with the width B and the intermediate central region, which consists only of the base material of the electrode 3.
  • the two magnetic field generators 10 the manner in which the hard material particles 7 are embedded in the base material can thus be specifically influenced or supported.
  • the magnetic field generator 10 in such a way that the magnetic field emanating from it and directed into the mold interior is effective in different degrees in sections; In this way, for example, the thickness of the highly wear-resistant areas 8 and 9 - viewed across the width of the mold 1 transversely to the plane of the drawing - can be varied.
  • the mold shown in FIG. 2 has a cross section which is circular in plan view, that is to say a correspondingly continuously curved peripheral wall 1d. This is enclosed at a distance from a magnetic field generator 10, which is designed as a ring magnet and is height-adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the mold.
  • the movement of the ring magnet, which is adapted to the build-up speed of the block 2 during the electroslag remelting, is indicated by arrows 11.
  • the ring magnet is preferably moved in such a way that the magnetic field emanating from it into the mold interior is targeted at the location is effective at which the hard material particles 7 continuously supplied during the electroslag remelting enter the metal sump 5 and are connected there by melting to the base material.
  • the composite body present after the electroslag remelting has the shape of a cylinder, the peripheral section of which extends in the circumferential direction as a circumferential, highly wear-resistant region 12 with the depth T.
  • the method can also advantageously be carried out in such a way that the magnetic field generator used as an electromagnet generates a time-varying magnetic field and thereby causes a differently designed edge storage of the hard material particles in the base material.
  • the magnetic field generator can be divided into individual circumferential sections, which allow the magnetic field to be configured differently in sections or to vary over time.
  • the composite body can be produced in the manner in which you use FIG. 1 has been explained, ie by using a mold 1 with a correspondingly shaped cross section, the highly wear-resistant region 13a can be produced in that only one side surface of the mold - for example the side surface 1a in FIG. 1 - is equipped with a magnetic field generator.
  • the composite body in question thus has two sections, namely the area 13a and the remaining area, which consists only of the base material of the electrode melted during the electroslag remelting.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cylindrical or roller-shaped composite body 14 which can be produced using the method according to FIG. 2.
  • the cylindrical edge section of the composite body is formed by the area 12 enriched with hard material particles (cf. FIG. 2); the core section 12a of the composite body consists only of the base material supplied by the electrode.
  • the manufacturing process can also be carried out with the appropriate design of the mold 1 (cf. in particular Fig. 1) using suitably arranged magnetic field generators in such a way that the composite body produced by electro-slag remelting has the shape of the plate 15 shown in FIG. 5 and is equipped with two highly wear-resistant areas 15a and 15b which, in the longitudinal direction of the plate, limit the top and bottom thereof.
  • the central region 15c of the plate can, at appropriate selection of the base material, as which intermediate layer to be formed; this allows the plate-shaped composite body 15 to be converted into its final shape by hot deformation.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention is, in particular, that composite slag can be produced by electroslag remelting under the action of at least one magnetic field with at least one highly wear-resistant area which runs parallel to the solidification axis of the electroslag remelting block.
  • a suitable design of the cross section of the mold can ensure that the composite body produced is designed close to the final contour, that is to say that it no longer requires any finishing or finishing.
  • the generation of at least one suitable magnetic field not only makes it possible to optimize the incorporation of the hard material particles in the base material; rather, the cross section and course of the area enriched with hard material particles can thereby be varied to a large extent.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
EP19900103614 1989-03-04 1990-02-24 Procédé pour la production d'un composite métallique qui a une région présentant une résistance élevée à l'usure Withdrawn EP0386556A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893907021 DE3907021C1 (fr) 1989-03-04 1989-03-04
DE3907021 1989-03-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0386556A2 true EP0386556A2 (fr) 1990-09-12
EP0386556A3 EP0386556A3 (fr) 1990-11-14

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EP19900103614 Withdrawn EP0386556A3 (fr) 1989-03-04 1990-02-24 Procédé pour la production d'un composite métallique qui a une région présentant une résistance élevée à l'usure

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EP (1) EP0386556A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3907021C1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995009251A1 (fr) * 1993-09-30 1995-04-06 Automotive Products Plc Composites a matrice metallique
GB2287038A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-09-06 Automotive Products Plc Metal matrix composites
WO1999044773A1 (fr) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-10 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Procede et dispositif pour couler de la matiere en fusion, et pieces coulees produites selon ledit procede

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2096585A1 (fr) * 1970-06-30 1972-02-18 Ibm
JPS5495902A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-07-28 Hitachi Zosen Corp Manufacture of particle dispersion type metallic material
EP0164002A1 (fr) * 1984-05-24 1985-12-11 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Procédé de fabrication d'articles résistant à l'usure
JPS61113737A (ja) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-31 Toyota Motor Corp 磁性を利用した複合化物多孔質体の製造方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3972366A (en) * 1974-11-29 1976-08-03 Blaw-Knox Foundry & Mill Machinery, Inc. Method of and apparatus for making compound rolls

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2096585A1 (fr) * 1970-06-30 1972-02-18 Ibm
JPS5495902A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-07-28 Hitachi Zosen Corp Manufacture of particle dispersion type metallic material
EP0164002A1 (fr) * 1984-05-24 1985-12-11 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Procédé de fabrication d'articles résistant à l'usure
JPS61113737A (ja) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-31 Toyota Motor Corp 磁性を利用した複合化物多孔質体の製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 10, Nr. 296 (C-377)[2352], 8. Oktober 1986; & JP-A-61 113 737 (TOYOTA MOTOR CORP.) 31-05-1986 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 3, Nr. 114 (C-59), 21. September 1979, Seite 150 C 59; & JP-A-54 95 902 (HITACHI ZOSEN K.K.) 28-07-1979 *
VID-BERICHTE, Nr. 670, 1988, Seiten 323-336, Essen, DE; P. PANT et al.: "Neuartige Bauteile f}r den Einsatz bei extremen Verschleissbeanspruchungen" *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995009251A1 (fr) * 1993-09-30 1995-04-06 Automotive Products Plc Composites a matrice metallique
GB2287038A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-09-06 Automotive Products Plc Metal matrix composites
WO1999044773A1 (fr) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-10 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Procede et dispositif pour couler de la matiere en fusion, et pieces coulees produites selon ledit procede

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Publication number Publication date
DE3907021C1 (fr) 1990-09-13
EP0386556A3 (fr) 1990-11-14

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