EP0381886B1 - Oberflächenmarkierungsstreifen - Google Patents

Oberflächenmarkierungsstreifen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0381886B1
EP0381886B1 EP89309041A EP89309041A EP0381886B1 EP 0381886 B1 EP0381886 B1 EP 0381886B1 EP 89309041 A EP89309041 A EP 89309041A EP 89309041 A EP89309041 A EP 89309041A EP 0381886 B1 EP0381886 B1 EP 0381886B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roadway
upper layer
layer
reflective
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89309041A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0381886A1 (de
Inventor
Charles W. Wyckoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BRITELINE Corp
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BRITELINE Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BRITELINE Corp filed Critical BRITELINE Corp
Priority to AT89309041T priority Critical patent/ATE98310T1/de
Publication of EP0381886A1 publication Critical patent/EP0381886A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0381886B1 publication Critical patent/EP0381886B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/576—Traffic lines
    • E01F9/578—Traffic lines consisting of preformed elements, e.g. tapes, block-type elements specially designed or arranged to make up a traffic line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to surface marker strips as for roadways, pavements and other surfaces, being more particularly directed to methods of providing better roadway-adhering and longer-life properties to such marker strips, and to marker strips or tapes with preformed ridges adhered to the roadways and the like of vastly improved integrity and life that, by reflection and/or retroreflection from the ridges, enable enhanced visibility, especially upon illumination by the headlights of approaching vehicles.
  • a paramount problem with preformed plastic pavement marker strips of the prior art is that of providing satisfactory adherence to the road surface under the constant heavy pounding of motor vehicle traffic.
  • the pavement marker has a deformable layer of elastomeric material which lacks memory positioned between the marker and the road surface, good adhesion will not always be achieved.
  • This layer must deform readily and flow without memory into the irregular surface contours of the pavement. The deformability and ability to cold flow permits the absorption of the energy of vehicle tire impacts which would otherwise violently dislodge the pavement marker as the impact energy is dissipated.
  • adhesion to the road surface is weakened when the road is wet because the stretch-return action of such a memory material causes a pumping action to occur in which water-bearing dirt is forced between the material and the road surface. Dirt then becomes deposited between the adhesive material and the road surface and ultimately destroys the adhesive properties holding the pavement marker to the road.
  • any protruberance such as a ridge or wedge on the surface very quickly disappears when impacted by vehicular traffic so that the ridges flatten out and lose shape under the pressure of the vehicle tires. This, of course, defeats the primary purpose of high visibility of the protruberances or ridges at low veiwing angles.
  • the ridges were comprised of a harder or more rigid material such as, for example, polyvinyl choride or epoxy or some other rigid or semi-rigid material, they would soon be engulfed by the non-memory cold flow characteristic of the base material under the pressure of the traversing traffic. Once depressed into the base material, the ridges would no longer protrude above a film of rain water and would thus be useless as high visibility ridges for wet night visibility.
  • the elastic property of the vulcanized top portion comprising the ridge structure contains sufficient memory to permit such restoration of shape, such is not enough to inhibit deformability of the soft elastomeric bottom portion which conforms to the road surface and which, with its non-memory property, readily absorbs the shock energy of the wheel impacts of the vehicular traffic.
  • An object of the invention accordingly, is to provide a new and improved marker strip or tape for roadways and the like that is not subject to the previously described short-comings of prior devices but that, through a layered combination of a non-vulcanized lower rubber-like surface that conformably adheres to the roadway and an upper vulcanized rubber-like surface containing the marker ridges provides long-lasting adhesion and integrity of the ridges during use.
  • a marker strip for a roadway comprising a rubber-like sheet having a bottom layer and surface for adhesive attachment to the roadway, and an upper layer with a reflective upper surface from which incident light from a vehicle travelling along the roadway may be reflected to indicate the roadway direction characterised in that the upper layer is cross-link vulcanized so as to provide said upper layer with memory characteristics to enable restoration of depression of the upper layer caused by vehicle wheels travelling thereover while the bottom layer remains unvulcanized with cold-flow characteristics and conformably adheres to the roadway.
  • the base material 1 of the marker strip or tape is shown as comprised of a non-vulcanized rubber mixture in sheet form which lacks memory and is easily deformed because it is soft and exhibits cold flow characteristics. It is comprised of a rubber polymer such as acrylonitrile-butadiene in a non- vulcanized state.
  • reinforcing fibers, a pigment, and other processing aids are also included.
  • Table I An example of a typical formulation is listed in Table I in which the reinforcing fiber is given as wood pulp-like cellulose fibers. Other types of fibers including thermoplastic reinforcing fibers may be used without seriously degrading the deformability characteristic of the sheeting.
  • the bottom portion or layer of this material is left in this un-vulcanized cold-flow non-memory condition, and is attached by adhesive 6 ( Figures 5 and 6) along the bottom surface to the roadway R.
  • the top portion of the rubber sheeting material comprising the marker strip is to be vulcanized to provide it with memory characteristics.
  • the top layer may be treated as by a shallow layer of peroxide material 1′ which penetrates the rubber sheeting to a limited depth depicted by the speckled area of Figures 1 and 2. Because of the presence of peroxide or equivalent treatment, this region of the rubber sheeting can be readily cross-linked or vulcanized by the addition of heat.
  • the sheet of Figure 1 Prior to the heat, it has the same characteristics as the remainder of the sheet; i.e. it is soft, easily deformed and lacks memory.
  • the sheet of Figure 1 has been embossed in the top surface with protruding wedges or ridges 3 and then heat is applied immediately thereafter in order to cross-link or vulcanize and harden this ridged top layer that had been permeated with peroxide, imparting to the ridges a permanent memory such that they can maintain shape with cold flow after vehicular depression, while the bottom of the sheeting 1 remains unvulcanized (not cross-linked) and thus deformable and memory-free to provide the necessary shock energy absorption of vehicular traffic and with conformability, to assist the adhesion in securing the marker to the road surface R.
  • the protruding ridges or wedges 3 may be in the form of transversely extending parallel rows, successively longitudinally spaced along the strip, and may be segmented into ridge or wedge blocks, if desired, preferably with a trapezoidal crosssection providing inclined or near-vertical front and rear surfaces 1′′ for reflecting incident low-angle headlight illumination as described in said patents.
  • the rubber sheeting base material consists of a two-ply laminate comprising a vulcanizable upper layer 2 laminated on top of a non-vulcanizable rubber sheeting layer 1.
  • Layer 2 may contain the same ingredients as layer 1 in addition to vulcanizing agents, such as sulfur (Table II) or other compounds which react with the rubber to cross-link or vulcanize it to completion after the protruberances 3, Figure 4, have been formed.
  • vulcanizing agents such as sulfur (Table II) or other compounds which react with the rubber to cross-link or vulcanize it to completion after the protruberances 3, Figure 4, have been formed.
  • the top-embossed surface of Figure 4 has a retro-reflecting bead-bonding layer 4 covering the entire surface.
  • This layer may be any suitable bead bonding layer such as a vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyurethane, an epoxy or any material which will satisfactorily bond the glass retroreflective microspheres 5 to the structure, curing during the curing of the upper layer of the strip.
  • the bead bonding layer 4 can be applied to the surface either prior to or after the ridges are embossed or otherwise formed.
  • the coating of glass microspheres or beads 5 is applied to this layer 4 prior to solidification of the layer. After vulcanization of the top ridged layer, the beads become secured in a partially embedded manner therein with the beads partially exposed including especially on the inclined or near-vertical front and rear surfaces 1′′ of the ridges or protruberances facing traffic.
  • the glass microspheres 7 are embedded in the cross-linked top portion of the rubber sheeting of Figure 2. This can be accomplished prior to embossing or during the embossing process itself.
  • the glass microspheres 7 are only partially embedded on the near-vertical or inclined faces of the ridges 3, whereas those shown typically at 8 are fully embedded during the embossment.
  • silane is helpful either incorporated with the base material or as a coating on the microspheres or both.
  • the adhesive layer 6, shown in Figures 5 and 6 bonds the marker to the road surface R and should exert as little influence as possible on the conformability characteristics of the product to insure good adhesion to the road surface.
  • the marker strips or tapes of the invention may be formed by the following illustrative methods of construction which provide the ability to maintain the ridged shape and still permit road surface conformability to assist in good adhesion thereto.
  • the embossed material was then heated at 180°C (350°F) for 3 minutes during which time the upper layer 1' ( Figure 2) of the rubber sheeting impregnated with the peroxide became cross-linked.
  • the surface durometer was measured at 65-70, whereas before treatment with the peroxide it was only 40.
  • the embossed strip containing the ridged pattern was then positioned beneath a flat sheet of metal and the wheel of a 1 1/2 ton pick-up truck which was allowed to stand over this strip for 10 minutes, depressing the ridges. Inspection of the sample showed that the ridges had flattened to approximately 10% of their normal height. After a 10-minute waiting period, it was observed that the strip showed full recovery of the ridges and restoration to original shape. A similar test but without application of the peroxide failed to recover at all when subjected to the wheel loading for as short a time as 15 seconds.
  • the ingredients in TABLE 1 were compounded into sheet form as in EXAMPLE 1 to form two separate sheets 1 and 2 ( Figure 3).
  • the sheet 1 was calendered to a thickness of 0.10cm (0.040 inch).
  • the layer 2 after the addition of precipitated sulfur in the amount of 3% total weight of rubber, was calendered to produce a 0.05cm (0.020) inch thick sheet.
  • the sheets 1 and 2 were then laminated together and impressed with a ridged pattern 3 and heated at 180°C (350°F) for 9 minutes during which time the sulfur reacted with the rubber to effect vulcanization of the upper embossed layer 2 ( Figure 4).
  • the strip was subjected to the truck tire weight for 10 minutes and reacted in a similar manner to the previous test, recovering fully after a 10 minute waiting period.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Decoration Of Textiles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Ein Markierungsstreifen für eine Fahrbahn, bestehend aus einem gummiartigen Flachmaterial mit einer Bodenschicht und einer Oberfläche für eine klebende Befestigung an der Fahrbahn, sowie aus einer oberen Schicht (1', 2) mit einer reflektierenden Oberseite (1'', 5), von der auftreffendes Licht eines sich entlang der Fahrbahn bewegenden Fahrzeugs reflektiert werden kann, um die Richtung der Fahrbahn anzuzeigen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Schicht (1', 2) für eine Vernetzung vulkanisiert ist, um so der oberen Schicht (1', 2) eine Memory-Charakteristik zu verleihen und die Behebung von Eindrücken in der oberen Schicht (1', 2) zu ermöglichen, welche durch sich darüber bewegende Fahrzeugräder bedingt sind, während die Bodenschicht (1) unvulkanisiert mit Kaltfluß-Charakteristiken verbleibt und gleichförmig an der Fahrbahn haftet.
  2. Ein Fahrbahn-Markierungsstreifen nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die erwähnte reflektiertende Oberseite durch sukzessiv oder aufeinanderfolgend positionierte reflektierende perlen- oder kugelartige Vorsprünge (5) gebildet ist, die in der oberen Schicht (1', 2) teilweise eingebettet sind.
  3. Ein Fahrbahn-Markierungsstreifen nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die erwähnte obere Schicht leisten- bzw. rippenartige oder rückenartige Erhebungen (3) aufweist, wobei wenigstens die Vorder- und Rückseiten der Erhebungen die dort teilweise eingebetteten reflektierenden Kugeln oder Perlen (5) aufweisen.
  4. Ein Fahrbahn-Markierungsstreifen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die obere Schicht (1', 2) und die Bodenschicht Teil eines einstückigen Flachmaterials sind.
  5. Ein Fahrbahn-Markierungsstreifen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, bei dem die obere Schicht und die Bodenschicht ein Paar von laminierten Schichten (1, 2) bilden, wobei lediglich die obere Schicht (2) vulkanisiert ist.
  6. Ein Fahrbahn-Markierungsstreifen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Bodenschicht (1) an ihrer für die Berührung mit der Fahrbahn freiliegenden Oberfläche mit einem Kleber (6) versehen ist.
  7. Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fahrbahn-Markierungsstreifens, bei welchem ein gummigartiges flaches Material bereitgestellt wird, welches eine Bodenschicht (1) und eine Oberfläche für eine Klebe-Befestigung an der Fahrbahn sowie eine obere Schicht (1', 2) mit einer reflektierenden Oberfläche (1'', 5) besitzt, von der auftreffendes Licht von einem Fahrzeug, welches sich entlang der Fahrbahn bewegt, reflektiert werden kann, gekennzeichnet durch Behandlung der oberen Schicht (1') und der Oberfläche, um diese für eine Wärmebehandlung zu konditionieren, sowie durch Vernetzungs-Vulkanisierung der oberen Schicht (1', 2) und Oberseite durch die Hitzebehandlung, während die Kaltfluß-Charakteristiken in der Bodenschicht (1) und der Oberfläche des flachen Materials erhalten bleiben, um die Behebung von Eindrücken in der oberen Schicht (1', 2) sowie in der Oberfläche zu ermöglichen, die vom Fahrzeugverkehr herrühren, und zwar verbunden mit einer Anpassung der unteren Schicht an die Fahrbahn.
  8. Ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem wieder reflektierende perlen- oder kugelförmige Vorsprünge aufeinanderfolgend in der oberen Schicht eingebettet werden, um die erwähnte reflektierende Oberfläche zu bilden, und zwar vor der Vernetzungsvulkanisation durch Wärmebehandlung.
  9. Ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem leisten- oder dachartige Vorsprünge (3) in der oberen Schicht (1', 2) vorgesehen und die wieder reflektierenden Kugeln oder Perlen (5) wenigstens an den Vorder- und Rückseiten der Vorsprünge eingebettet werden.
  10. Ein Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 8 oder 9, bei dem die erwähnten Perlen oder Kugeln (5) in einem Binder (5) vorgesehen werden, der mit der erwähnten oberen Schicht (1', 2) und der Oberseite aushärtet.
  11. Ein Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 - 10, bei dem die Wärmebehandlung mit Schwefel erfolgt, wobei die erwähnte obere Schicht eine separate Schicht (2) ist, die vulkanisiert und mit einem separaten Bodenflachmaterial zur Bildung der erwähnten Bodenschicht (1) laminiert bzw. verbunden wird.
EP89309041A 1989-02-10 1989-09-06 Oberflächenmarkierungsstreifen Expired - Lifetime EP0381886B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89309041T ATE98310T1 (de) 1989-02-10 1989-09-06 Oberflaechenmarkierungsstreifen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30931289A 1989-02-10 1989-02-10
US309312 1989-02-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0381886A1 EP0381886A1 (de) 1990-08-16
EP0381886B1 true EP0381886B1 (de) 1993-12-08

Family

ID=23197671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89309041A Expired - Lifetime EP0381886B1 (de) 1989-02-10 1989-09-06 Oberflächenmarkierungsstreifen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0381886B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2718779B2 (de)
KR (1) KR970002857B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1020775C (de)
AT (1) ATE98310T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1322486C (de)
DE (1) DE68911288T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2049328T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10509282A (ja) * 1994-11-17 1998-09-08 ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー 交通支承面での使用に適する順応性磁気製品
JP3717938B2 (ja) * 1995-06-29 2005-11-16 ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー 湿潤再帰反射性標識材料
US6703108B1 (en) 1995-06-29 2004-03-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Wet retroreflective marking material
ZA965382B (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-12-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Wet reflective marking material.
US6303058B1 (en) 1996-06-27 2001-10-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making profiled retroreflective marking material
DE69809206T2 (de) * 1997-03-31 2003-03-20 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Reflektierende tafel für lichteinfall in weitem winkel
JP5643672B2 (ja) * 2011-02-07 2014-12-17 東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 弾性床材

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH408983A (it) * 1962-04-13 1966-03-15 Eigenmann Gino Procedimento per formare un elemento laminare per segnaletica stradale orizzontale
GB1245834A (en) * 1967-09-05 1971-09-08 Ludwig Eigenmann Roadway surface marking, and marked road
DE2208983B2 (de) * 1972-02-25 1974-01-10 Chemiegesellschaft Gundernhausen Mbh, 6101 Gundernhausen Markierungskörper für Verkehrsflächen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
IT1022451B (it) * 1974-09-30 1978-03-20 Eigenmann Ludwig Striscia prefabbricata per segnale tica stradale orizzontale e metodo per la sua prefabbricazione
US4117192A (en) * 1976-02-17 1978-09-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Deformable retroreflective pavement-marking sheet material
US4681401A (en) * 1982-02-22 1987-07-21 Wyckoff Charles W Sheet material marker surface for roadways and the like
US4490432A (en) * 1982-04-23 1984-12-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Reinforced pavement-marking sheet material
US4388359A (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-06-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Embossed pavement-marking sheet material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1044837A (zh) 1990-08-22
DE68911288D1 (de) 1994-01-20
JPH02221507A (ja) 1990-09-04
EP0381886A1 (de) 1990-08-16
CN1020775C (zh) 1993-05-19
DE68911288T2 (de) 1994-06-30
JP2718779B2 (ja) 1998-02-25
ATE98310T1 (de) 1993-12-15
ES2049328T3 (es) 1994-04-16
KR970002857B1 (ko) 1997-03-12
KR900013150A (ko) 1990-09-03
CA1322486C (en) 1993-09-28

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