EP0373353A1 - Dispositif de régulation et d'indication de fonctionnement pour aspirateurs de poussières - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation et d'indication de fonctionnement pour aspirateurs de poussières Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373353A1
EP0373353A1 EP89120569A EP89120569A EP0373353A1 EP 0373353 A1 EP0373353 A1 EP 0373353A1 EP 89120569 A EP89120569 A EP 89120569A EP 89120569 A EP89120569 A EP 89120569A EP 0373353 A1 EP0373353 A1 EP 0373353A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum cleaner
air
dust bag
exhaust air
blower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89120569A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0373353B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Kraft
Gerhard Kurz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Interlava AG
Original Assignee
Interlava AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Interlava AG filed Critical Interlava AG
Priority to AT89120569T priority Critical patent/ATE86837T1/de
Publication of EP0373353A1 publication Critical patent/EP0373353A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0373353B1 publication Critical patent/EP0373353B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2894—Details related to signal transmission in suction cleaners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2805—Parameters or conditions being sensed
    • A47L9/2821—Pressure, vacuum level or airflow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2836—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
    • A47L9/2842—Suction motors or blowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2857—User input or output elements for control, e.g. buttons, switches or displays

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a small air turbine is arranged in the suction area as the only external sensor, which drives a tachometer generator, which in turn then generates a regulating voltage to be rectified with its output voltage
  • Control voltage works on a leading edge control for the blower motor of the vacuum cleaner gers in the sense that when the air throughput decreases, the electric motor driving the vacuum cleaner blower is controlled more strongly by the phase gating control, while in the case of a vacuum cleaner air throughput that exceeds the predetermined constant air flow, the phase gating works in the sense of reducing the power of the blower motor.
  • the air turbine drives a tachometer generator, that is to say is constructed in the form of an electrical generator, also contributes to this, the propeller element being placed on the shaft driving the rotor of the generator.
  • Such an airflow sensor behaves problematically because power is required to drive the generator, for example to overcome the grinding movement of the collector on the coals and to induce the desired electrical voltage in the stator windings at all via the rotating magnetic fields.
  • the sensor is therefore not non-reactive and is not able to provide a true statement about the actual value of the air flow, because it itself falsifies the measurement result by its own behavior and can no longer display with sufficient accuracy in the area of lower air flow rates, from both of these Reasons, namely clogging with dust particles, which means age-related changes in the measurement signal, and undesirable influences of friction in the area of the rotor.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a comprehensive control of a vacuum cleaner which also includes an indication of the operating behavior and which is able to ensure the regulated operation of the vacuum cleaner in a wide sensitivity range.
  • the basic principle of the dust bag filling level display is based on the fact that, when the dust bag is empty or only partially filled, there is a vacuum in the vacuum cleaner area, initially at any point, which, based on a sufficiently sensitive pressure sensor or pressure switch, also has a sufficient pressure difference for the desired measurement and display purposes Has reference to the negative pressure prevailing when the dust bag is full or empty.
  • this can be such that the vacuum generated by the suction fan of the vacuum cleaner is comparatively low when the dust bag is empty or only partially filled, since the amounts of air sucked off for cleaning purposes, for example, via the floor nozzle of the vacuum cleaner have comparatively free passage through the dust bag and therefore the low pressure is low at high speed, ie is only slightly below atmospheric pressure, for example.
  • Sufficiently sensitive diaphragm pressure switches are able to reliably detect the pressure differences that arise, which in themselves are extremely small in absolute values, for example, can only be about 25 mbar between empty and full dust bags, and to trigger a signal when the dust bag is full or nearly full. A proper change is then possible, while at the same time ensuring that the cleaning options offered by the vacuum cleaner are fully utilized and the environmental impact remains low.
  • the invention solves the problem specified above with the characterizing features of claim 1 and has the advantage that a primary actual variable of the vacuum cleaner operation is used to interpret its respective working state by the direct measurement of the air flow rate, due to the sensitivity of the measurement even at low or Very low air throughputs seen over the entire work area, very precise information can be obtained, used to regulate the vacuum cleaner operation or can be communicated visually and / or acoustically to the user externally.
  • the propeller element is also able to react particularly sensitively to a wide range of air flow conditions of the vacuum cleaner, so that it is also possible, for example, about the dust bag filling level in percentages, e.g. B. on a 7-segment light display or on a thin-film crystal display.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the present invention is that the propeller element is freely rotatable in the exhaust air flow of the vacuum cleaner, with only the slightest frictional forces acting only on its own bearing, the rotational movement of the propeller element being detected without contact and being converted into an electrical signal. This ensures that a true image of the exhaust air throughput is provided in the form of an electrical signal sequence up to minimal air speeds, it being possible to work practically without reaction, that is to say without friction, by appropriate mounting of the propeller element.
  • plastic bearings or ball bearings can be provided in a suitable manner, which support on both sides or centrally of the propeller or turbine wheel while the detection of the rotary movement takes place separately without contact, for example via a light barrier arrangement which detects and responds to a disk moving in the air flow as it passes.
  • the air throughput (and ultimately also the pressure ratios) of a vacuum cleaner are directly related to such sizes as the degree of dust bag filling, clogged pipes, unclosed vacuum cleaner housings and the like, so that it is possible from the output voltage generated by the propeller element to the respective operating state of the vacuum cleaner. It is therefore also possible, by specifying a suitable threshold value, to determine when the amount of the exhaust air detected by the propeller element of the exhaust air sensor has dropped to such an extent that an almost or completely filled dust bag can be concluded. In this case a corresponding change of dust bag is given; Clogged pipes lead to similar results, i.e. a decrease in the exhaust air volume that such a condition can be detected by the air turbine.
  • the device works, for example, when no dust bag is inserted or when there are false air openings.
  • This can also be detected and evaluated by means of suitable threshold value means for an optical or acoustic display, preferably with the inclusion of pressure data additionally obtained by measurement.
  • YES / NO display is additionally carried out by means of light-emitting diode displays in suitable colors, for example red for defective or full dust bags and green for perfect functioning.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment can consist of the fact that by simultaneously using suitable pressure sensors at suitable points in the continuous suction channel, for example in front of the dust bag, between the dust bag and the blower or behind the blower in the exhaust air area, further actual values are obtained in the form of negative pressures and one central control circuit are supplied. This can then, for example, automatically decide whether the degree of filling of the vacuum cleaner requires immediate emptying or whether it is increased Blower power, which would then be controlled accordingly, compensation is still possible.
  • the control circuit preferably in the form of a microprocessor, can also control certain operating states of the vacuum cleaner on a trial basis and compare the actual values obtained (air turbine output voltage or the pressure values from pressure sensors) with stored values and draw conclusions from this about the respective state of the vacuum cleaner, which then can either be used in regulated operation or can be used for messages to the operator.
  • a vacuum cleaner equipped in this way is able to either regulate to constant air flow or depending on the condition of the floor, which it may automatically detect, whereby corresponding values can also be entered by the user, for example, vacuuming curtains, deep-pile carpeting, smooth linoleum covering, to control the operation of the vacuum cleaner automatically in certain performance values or to drive along predefined characteristic curves.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is that behind the motor fan and also behind the dust bag, regardless of how these two main units are arranged in relation to one another in the vacuum cleaner, i. H. to arrange an air screw element in the exhaust air flow and to generate an output signal linearly proportional to the air throughput by contactless scanning of its rotary movement and to use it for control purposes, possibly in conjunction with other pressure sensors at predetermined points in the air throughput duct of the vacuum cleaner.
  • a dust bag 13 is provided, which is more suitable Way and sealingly clamped at 14; in the illustrated embodiment is behind the dust bag tel arranged the motor fan 15, which is driven by a corresponding electric drive motor 16.
  • a motor controller 17 is provided which can work in a suitable manner, preferably comprises a phase control, so that the drive motor for the vacuum cleaner blower 15 can be operated with the desired, even very different, power output.
  • An exhaust air flow sensor 18 in the form of an air screw element 19 is located behind the two sub-assemblies, ie the dust bag 13 and the vacuum cleaner blower 15 with drive.
  • FIG. 2 A possible first exemplary embodiment for generating an electrical signal proportional to the exhaust air flow is shown in FIG. 2 and comprises the schematically shown propeller element 19, which is mounted in the exhaust air flow of the vacuum cleaner by means of a suitable stand.
  • the propeller element can have any structural shape; it is only necessary to provide sub-elements arranged in the air flow in such a way that a rotational movement of the propeller element results with a corresponding air movement. Therefore, the propeller element can be designed like a propeller as shown in Figures 1 and 2; but it can also be designed in the manner of an axial fan; all of these embodiments of an air screw element are therefore to be understood under this term.
  • the propeller element always has wing parts that are at a distance from one another, i.e. in the most general form there are necessarily openings in the propeller element, it is already possible, for example, at this point to use a non-contact scanning arrangement that focuses on these interruptions or distances and that Rotational movement of the propeller element is detected, in any initially basically any way, for. B. by the passage of the wing parts 19a via optical sensors 27, 28 (transmitter, receiver) is detected.
  • a housing 30, which is preferably closed on all sides, in the exhaust air duct and which supports the propeller element 19 by guiding its shaft 19b (sealed) into the housing and there in a suitable manner, preferably with the aid of Bearings is held.
  • the housing itself can have a streamlined front shape and is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust air duct via a few cross struts 31 and is thus held.
  • a disk is arranged on the shaft 19b inserted into the housing 31, which rotates with the shaft and may itself have openings or holes which are suitably designed by non-contact optical sensors 32 are scanned.
  • These can be light transmitters and light receivers, also for infrared light, or a reflection light barrier can of course also be provided.
  • a flag which moves with the propeller rotation to the rotary shaft 19b, the rotational movement of which is also sensed without contact.
  • sensors can also be used here, for example inductive or capacitive sensor elements, the electrical behavior of which is changed periodically by the passing wing or the disk 33 on the shaft in accordance with the rotational speed of the propeller element 19.
  • the wing or the disk can also consist of a magnetically permeable material or can be equipped with magnets. It is therefore also possible to attach a small permanent magnet to the individual wing parts or to the shaft 19b carrying the propeller element, which small magnet is scanned by a Hall generator or another element that responds to electromagnetic influence. Such a permanent magnetic part can also be arranged on one of the blades, so that a Hall generator then detects the rotational frequency of the air turbine adjacent to the tube wall.
  • a control and display block 22 connected upstream of this is provided.
  • which can also contain the central electrical or electronic logic circuit already mentioned above, preferably a microprocessor which evaluates the various actual value signals fed to it from pressure sensors 24, 25 and 26 and the exhaust air sensor 18 and into the control of the motor control 17 for the controlled in this respect Fan drive motor 16 implements, preferably via a leading edge circuit.
  • the display area of the control block 22 can have means for the visual display in a suitable manner, namely, for example, a text display with various messages (dust bag filled, pipe clogged, main vacuum cleaner channel open, proper function and the like); furthermore, if desired, a simple YES / NO display, for example by means of a red or green light-emitting diode, the red light-emitting diode can indicate a malfunction and the green light-emitting diode can indicate correct operation and finally, if desired, also a numerical fine display of the percentage of the dust bag filling level , the display being able to lie between the numbers 0 to 100 and for this purpose customary optical display means can be used, such as a 7-segment light-emitting diode display or a crystal display 23.
  • a text display with various messages dust bag filled, pipe clogged, main vacuum cleaner channel open, proper function and the like
  • a simple YES / NO display for example by means of a red or green light
  • the control block 22 preferably has a plurality of circuits which specify electrical threshold values, which need not be discussed in more detail, since they are known per se and are usually known from operational amplifiers preloaded resistance combination for the reference voltage. These threshold value circuits evaluate the incoming actual value signals and can convert them into corresponding signals that can be processed by the microprocessor or the control circuit.
  • the control circuit can also contain window discriminators which are able with their output signals to regulate the air flow passing through the inner vacuum cleaner duct to a constant value by applying a phase control in a corresponding manner in their control circuit.
  • the exhaust air throughput detected by the propeller element 19 also falls below a predetermined value when the central control circuit (microprocessor) regulates a higher blower output, then this indicates that the dust bag filling level is too high and there is a corresponding visual / acoustic display which indicates that Emptying the dust bag reminds. If the emptying does not take place, then it is also possible for the control circuit to switch off the motor control 17 as a whole in order to avoid damage in this area or in the blower motor.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the present invention can also be that the measurement of the exhaust air flow is used in combination with pressure measurements at various points on the main vacuum cleaner duct 10, as a result of which it is also possible to reliably detect those operating states which are determined solely by the determination the exhaust air volume can result in several interpretations.
  • membrane pressure switches z. B. be arranged in the intake mouth at 24, and / or between the dust bag and blower at 25 or in the exhaust duct at 26.
  • the control block 22 can also contain so-called sample-and-hold circuits, which, even after the vacuum cleaner mode has been switched off, during which the air turbine then also no longer works, the values or messages which have already been displayed continue to be displayed. Storage can also be used for this.
  • Today's miniaturized storage technology leaves a wide field of work open for a variety of configurations.
  • the evaluation circuit in the control block 22 is therefore also able to combine the exhaust air flow values supplied to it with the detected pressure values.
  • Results z. B. a pipe blockage, it is located in front of the pressure sensor 24 (membrane switch), so that there is a high vacuum, practically independent of the dust bag filling level, while the air turbine can only indicate a weak exhaust air throughput.
  • the evaluation circuit can therefore interpret the closed membrane switch 24 and the low voltage emitted by the generator 20 as pipe blockage, for which purpose only conventional circuit means such as gates, inverters or window discriminators are required, which therefore need not be discussed in more detail; it goes without saying that the use of Mikropro cessors or the like is possible and advantageous.
  • a full dust bag only leads to the development of a low negative pressure in the area of the pressure switch 24, which can also be designed in several stages, that is, reacting to different pressures with different switching states. In this case too, the amount of exhaust air is small and therefore the generator output voltage is low.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Vacuum Cleaner (AREA)
  • Filters For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
EP89120569A 1988-12-16 1989-11-07 Dispositif de régulation et d'indication de fonctionnement pour aspirateurs de poussières Expired - Lifetime EP0373353B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89120569T ATE86837T1 (de) 1988-12-16 1989-11-07 Vorrichtung zur regelung und/oder anzeige des betriebs von staubsaugern.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3842320 1988-12-16
DE3842320 1988-12-16
DE3914306A DE3914306A1 (de) 1988-12-16 1989-04-29 Vorrichtung zur regelung und/oder anzeige des betriebs von staubsaugern
DE3914306 1989-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0373353A1 true EP0373353A1 (fr) 1990-06-20
EP0373353B1 EP0373353B1 (fr) 1993-03-17

Family

ID=25875202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89120569A Expired - Lifetime EP0373353B1 (fr) 1988-12-16 1989-11-07 Dispositif de régulation et d'indication de fonctionnement pour aspirateurs de poussières

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5033151A (fr)
EP (1) EP0373353B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02213316A (fr)
KR (1) KR940009653B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3914306A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2040437T3 (fr)

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EP0541863A1 (fr) * 1990-09-28 1993-05-19 Landis & Gyr Powers, Inc. Dispositif de contrôle pour hotte de laboratoire à caractéristiques de sécurité améliorées
EP0584743A1 (fr) * 1992-08-21 1994-03-02 YASHIMA ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. of ISHIHARA NOGAMI Aspirateur de poussières
EP0678271A2 (fr) * 1994-04-21 1995-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit pour régler la puissance d'aspiration d'un aspirateur de poussière
WO2001028401A1 (fr) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Dyson Limited Ameliorations concernant des dispositifs de nettoyage du sol
EP1897479A2 (fr) 2006-09-06 2008-03-12 LG Electronic Inc. Procédé de commande d'un aspirateur
EP1980190A3 (fr) * 2007-04-11 2010-05-12 Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Connexion de tube disposant d'une fonction de détection de poussière à utiliser dans un aspirateur
US8240001B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2012-08-14 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner with removable dust collector, and methods of operating the same
US8281455B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2012-10-09 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner
EP2548491A1 (fr) 2011-07-21 2013-01-23 Miele & Cie. KG Aspirateur et procédé destiné au fonctionnement dýun aspirateur
DE102012200765A1 (de) * 2012-01-19 2013-07-25 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Beeinflussung einer elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme eines Staubsaugermotors
US8544143B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2013-10-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner with removable dust collector, and methods of operating the same
DE102015100636A1 (de) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-21 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Staubsauger mit Bodenerkennung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Staubsaugers
DE102022200465A1 (de) 2022-01-17 2023-07-20 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum Betrieb eines mobilen, selbstfahrenden Geräts

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JP2878912B2 (ja) * 1992-09-21 1999-04-05 八洲電機株式会社 電気掃除機
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KR102124512B1 (ko) * 2013-06-12 2020-06-19 삼성전자주식회사 사이클론 집진장치 및 이를 갖는 진공 청소기
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EP0678271A3 (fr) * 1994-04-21 1998-07-08 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuit pour régler la puissance d'aspiration d'un aspirateur de poussière
WO2001028401A1 (fr) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Dyson Limited Ameliorations concernant des dispositifs de nettoyage du sol
US8240001B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2012-08-14 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner with removable dust collector, and methods of operating the same
US8281455B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2012-10-09 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner
US8544143B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2013-10-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner with removable dust collector, and methods of operating the same
US8312593B2 (en) 2005-12-10 2012-11-20 Lg Electronics Inc. Vacuum cleaner with removable dust collector, and methods of operating the same
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EP1980190A3 (fr) * 2007-04-11 2010-05-12 Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Connexion de tube disposant d'une fonction de détection de poussière à utiliser dans un aspirateur
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EP2548491A1 (fr) 2011-07-21 2013-01-23 Miele & Cie. KG Aspirateur et procédé destiné au fonctionnement dýun aspirateur
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DE102012200765A1 (de) * 2012-01-19 2013-07-25 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Beeinflussung einer elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme eines Staubsaugermotors
DE102015100636A1 (de) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-21 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Staubsauger mit Bodenerkennung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Staubsaugers
DE102015100636B4 (de) 2015-01-16 2023-12-21 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Staubsauger mit Bodenerkennung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Staubsaugers
DE102022200465A1 (de) 2022-01-17 2023-07-20 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum Betrieb eines mobilen, selbstfahrenden Geräts

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JPH02213316A (ja) 1990-08-24
ES2040437T3 (es) 1993-10-16
KR940009653B1 (ko) 1994-10-15
DE58903811D1 (de) 1993-04-22
US5033151A (en) 1991-07-23
DE3914306C2 (fr) 1991-08-08
EP0373353B1 (fr) 1993-03-17
DE3914306A1 (de) 1990-06-28

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