EP0372545A2 - Manhole cover made of pig iron and concrete - Google Patents

Manhole cover made of pig iron and concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0372545A2
EP0372545A2 EP89122548A EP89122548A EP0372545A2 EP 0372545 A2 EP0372545 A2 EP 0372545A2 EP 89122548 A EP89122548 A EP 89122548A EP 89122548 A EP89122548 A EP 89122548A EP 0372545 A2 EP0372545 A2 EP 0372545A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
support ring
ventilation openings
cover
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89122548A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0372545A3 (en
EP0372545B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Weiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aqseptence Group GmbH
Original Assignee
Passavant Werke AG and Co KG
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Application filed by Passavant Werke AG and Co KG filed Critical Passavant Werke AG and Co KG
Priority to AT89122548T priority Critical patent/ATE74985T1/en
Publication of EP0372545A2 publication Critical patent/EP0372545A2/en
Publication of EP0372545A3 publication Critical patent/EP0372545A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0372545B1 publication Critical patent/EP0372545B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/149—Annular gaskets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

A manhole cover made of pig iron having a concrete filling has a trough-shaped shell (5), an outer support ring (13) and in between a circle of ventilation openings (23) between which radial inset ribs (11) run. To reduce the proportion of pig iron, the shell (5) is drawn to the outside to such an extent that the ventilation openings (23), in their upper area, lie partly inside the width of the support ring (13) and, as sloping shafts which are separated from one another only by the ribs (11) and are defined on the inside by the outer contour of the shell, run radially downwards to the inside in order to open out at the bottom inside the support ring (13). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Deckel aus Gußeisen und Beton für Schachtabdeckungen von der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art. Ein solcher Deckel ist aus der DE-AS 1 010 464 bekannt und auch Gegenstand der DIN 19584. Damit der bekannte Deckel die seiner Nennlast, z.B. 400 kN, entsprechenden Verkehrsbelastungen aufnehmen kann, muß insbesondere der die Lüftungsöffnungen auf­weisende Auflagering als ein sehr massiver Gußkranz ausge­bildet sein. Daraus folgt, daß der Gewichtsanteil des Guß­eisens am gesamten Deckelgewicht sehr hoch ist. Z.B. gemäß DIN 19584 beträgt der Gußeisenanteil 64 kg und der Beton­anteil nur 29 kg.The invention relates to a cover made of cast iron and concrete for manhole covers of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a cover is known from DE-AS 1 010 464 and is also the subject of DIN 19584. Thus the known cover fulfills its nominal load, e.g. 400 kN, can accommodate corresponding traffic loads, in particular the support ring having the ventilation openings must be designed as a very solid cast ring. It follows that the weight of cast iron in the total lid weight is very high. E.g. According to DIN 19584, the cast iron content is 64 kg and the concrete content is only 29 kg.

Das Bestreben bei der Weiterentwicklung solcher Deckel geht dahin, den Gewichtsanteil des teuren Gußeisens zu­gunsten des billigeren Betons zu verringern, ohne daß die Belastbarkeit des Deckels beeinträchtigt wird. So hat man z.B. gemäß AT-PS 228 722 versucht, die Radial­ rippen zwischen den Lüftungsöffnungen zu verbreitern und als hohle, betongefüllte Ausbuchtungen der betongefüllten Schale auszubilden. Eine nennenswerte Verringerung des Gußeisenanteils ist damit nicht verbunden.The aim in the further development of such lids is to reduce the proportion by weight of the expensive cast iron in favor of the cheaper concrete, without the load capacity of the lid being impaired. For example, according to AT-PS 228 722, the radial was tried widen ribs between the ventilation openings and form as hollow, concrete-filled bulges of the concrete-filled shell. There is no significant reduction in the cast iron content.

Aus DE-GM 86 33 386 ist ein Schachtdeckel mit einer betongefüllten muldenförmigen Schale und einem diese um­gebenden massiven Auflagering bekannt, dessen Lüftungs­öffnungen als nach radial außen hin offene Einbuchtungen in der Umfangsfläche des Aufnahmerings ausgebildet sind, deren innere Begrenzung schräg unten innen verläuft, so daß die Lüftungsöffnungen mit einem Teil ihrer unteren Querschnittsfläche radial innerhalb der Auflagefläche des Schachtrahmens ausmünden können. Hierbei fehlt je­doch dem Deckel eine ununterbrochen ringförmig durch­gehende Auflagefläche, wie sie z.B. für die Anbringung einer ringförmigen Dämpfungseinlage aus elastischem Ma­terial erforderlich ist.From DE-GM 86 33 386 a manhole cover with a concrete-filled trough-shaped shell and a surrounding solid support ring is known, the ventilation openings of which are formed as radially outwardly open indentations in the peripheral surface of the receiving ring, the inner boundary of which runs obliquely downwards inside, so that the ventilation openings can open out with part of their lower cross-sectional area radially within the support surface of the shaft frame. Here, however, the cover lacks a continuously continuous support surface, such as that e.g. is necessary for the attachment of an annular damping insert made of elastic material.

Aus US-PS 636 201 ist bereits aus dem vorigen Jahrhundert eine Schachtabdeckung bekannt, bei dem die Lüftungs­öffnungen des Deckels ebenfalls radial nach außen offene Einbuchtungen in der Umfangsfläche des Deckels ausge­bildet sind. Um als Lüftungsöffnungen wirksam zu werden, müssen diese Ausnehmungen durch entsprechendes Posi­tionieren des Deckels mit ihnen zugeordneten Durchbrechun­gen in der ringförmigen Auflagefläche des Schachtrahmens zur Deckung gebracht werden. Ein solcher vorbekannter Deckel eignet sich nicht für das Einlegen in einen ge­normten Schachtabdeckungsrahmen mit ununterbrochen ringförmiger Auflagefläche, und auch nicht für die Ver­wendung einer ringförmigen Dämpfungseinlage.From US-PS 636 201 a manhole cover is already known from the previous century, in which the ventilation openings of the cover are also formed in the circumferential surface of the cover with radially outwardly open indentations. In order to be effective as ventilation openings, these recesses must be positioned in the ring-shaped support surface of the shaft frame by means of corresponding positioning of the cover with openings assigned to them to be brought to cover. Such a previously known cover is not suitable for insertion into a standardized manhole cover frame with an uninterrupted annular bearing surface, and also not for the use of an annular damping insert.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Deckel der angegebenen Art so auszubilden, daß er ohne Beein­trächtigung seiner Belastbarkeit einen geringeren Gewichtsanteil des Gußeisens am gesamten Deckelgewicht aufweisen kann. Dabei soll der Deckel, wie bisher, eine ununterbrochene ringförmige Auflagefläche für die Verwendung mit einem genormten Schachtabdeckungsrahmen sowie gegebenenfalls für die Anbringung einer elastischen Dämpfungseinlage aufweisen.The invention has for its object to design a lid of the type specified so that it can have a smaller proportion by weight of the cast iron in the total lid weight without impairing its resilience. As before, the cover should have an uninterrupted, annular contact surface for use with a standardized manhole cover frame and, if appropriate, for the attachment of an elastic damping insert.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe ist im Anspruch 1 angegeben. Die Unteransprüche beziehen sich auf wei­tere vorteilhafte Merkmale des erfindungsgemäßen Deckels und auf ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The achievement of the object is specified in claim 1. The subclaims relate to further advantageous features of the cover according to the invention and to a method for its production.

Durch die Erfindung ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die Lüftungsöffnungen im Vergleich zum gattungsgemäßen Deckel sehr weit nach außen verlagert sind, nämlich zu einem beträchtlichen Teil in dem Bereich oberhalb der ringförmigen Auflagefläche des Auflagerings. Ein er­heblicher Teil der bisher im Auflagering vorhandenen Gußeisenmasse entfällt deshalb durch das Anbringen der Lüftungsöffnungen an dieser Stelle. Die relativ dünn­wandige Deckelschale kann entsprechend weit radial nach außen bis nahe an den Auflagering herangerückt werden, so daß auch der bisher vorhandene, die Lüftungsöffnungen aufnehmende massive Gußeisenkranz zwischen Auflagering und Deckelschale entfallen kann. Werden die Lüftungs­öffnungen zusätzlich als im Querschnitt trapez- bzw. ringsektorförmige Schächte ausgebildet, die lediglich durch die Radialrippen voneinander getrennt sind, so ergibt sich eine relativ grazile, leichtgewichtige Kon­struktion mit trotzdem völlig ausreichenden Festigkeits­werten.The advantage of the invention is that the ventilation openings are very far outwards in comparison to the generic cover, namely to a considerable extent in the area above the ring-shaped support surface of the support ring. A significant part of the existing ones in the support ring Cast iron mass is therefore eliminated by attaching the ventilation openings at this point. The relatively thin-walled cover shell can be moved correspondingly far radially outwards to close to the support ring, so that the existing massive cast iron ring between the support ring and cover shell, which accommodates the ventilation openings, can also be omitted. If the ventilation openings are additionally designed as trapezoidal or ring sector-shaped shafts which are only separated from one another by the radial ribs, the result is a relatively delicate, lightweight construction with nevertheless completely sufficient strength values.

Schräg zur Deckelachse verlaufende Lüftungsöffnungen können beim Gießen des Gußeisenteils des Deckels Pro­bleme bereiten und die Verwendung von separaten Gieß­kernen erforderlich machen. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies vermieden durch Anwendung des im Anspruch 5 angegebenen Gießverfahrens.Ventilation openings running at an angle to the lid axis can cause problems when casting the cast iron part of the lid and require the use of separate casting cores. This is avoided according to the invention by using the casting method specified in claim 5.

Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 und 2 einen Vertikalschnitt und eine Draufsicht eines randnahen Teilbereichs des Schacht­deckels und des zugehörigen Deckelrahmens,
  • Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Rand­bereichs des erfindungsgemäßen Deckels,
  • Fig. 4 eine vereinfachte schematische Schnittdar­stellung durch den Randbereich einer zwei­teiligen Gießform zur Herstellung des er­findungsgemäßen Deckels.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. It shows:
  • 1 and 2 a vertical section and a plan view of a portion of the manhole cover near the edge and the associated cover frame,
  • 3 shows a perspective illustration of an edge region of the cover according to the invention,
  • Fig. 4 is a simplified schematic sectional view through the edge region of a two-part mold for producing the lid according to the invention.

Gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 ist ein runder Deckel 1 in den zu­gehörigen Rahmen 3 einer Schachtabdeckung eingelegt. Der größte Teil der Deckelfläche wird gebildet von einer re­lativ dünnwandigen, muldenförmigen, nach oben offenen Schale 5, die mit einer Betonfüllung 7 versehen ist und an ihrer Innenseite auch mit Versteifungsrippen 9 ver­sehen sein kann. Die Schale 5 verläuft bis zur oberen Begrenzungsfläche des Deckels mit im wesentlichen kon­stanter Wanddicke und stetig gekrümmter Innen- und Außenfläche. Durch radiale Rippen 11 ist die Schale 5 mit dem Auflagering 13 verbunden. Die Oberkante der Ver­steifungsrippen 11 liegt bündig mit der Oberfläche des Deckels 1, die Unterkante der Versteifungsrippen 11 ver­läuft von der unteren Innenkante des Auflagerings 13 schräg nach unten und geht etwa tangential in die Außen­fläche der Schale 5 über.1 and 2, a round cover 1 is inserted into the associated frame 3 of a manhole cover. The largest part of the lid surface is formed by a relatively thin-walled, trough-shaped, upwardly open shell 5, which is provided with a concrete filling 7 and can also be provided with stiffening ribs 9 on its inside. The shell 5 extends up to the upper boundary surface of the cover with a substantially constant wall thickness and a continuously curved inner and outer surface. The shell 5 is connected to the support ring 13 by radial ribs 11. The upper edge of the stiffening ribs 11 lies flush with the surface of the cover 1, the lower edge of the stiffening ribs 11 runs obliquely downwards from the lower inner edge of the support ring 13 and merges approximately tangentially into the outer surface of the shell 5.

Der Auflagering 13 hat in seinem unteren Bereich etwa die gleiche Breite wie eine von einer Ringschulter 15 gebildete Abstützfläche des Rahmens 3, so daß der Deckel 1 hier eine untere Auflagefläche 17 aufweist, in der eine in eine Nut eingelegte Dämpfungseinlage 19 aus elastischem Material angeordnet sein kann. Die Innen­fläche 21 des Auflagerings 13 verläuft im oberen Be­reich schräg bzw. konkav gekrümmt nach außen, so daß der Auflagering im oberen Bereich nur eine relativ ge­ringe radiale Dicke hat, die etwa der Wanddicke der Schale 5 entsprechen kann.The support ring 13 has approximately the same width in its lower region as one of an annular shoulder 15 Formed support surface of the frame 3, so that the cover 1 here has a lower bearing surface 17 in which a damping insert 19 made of elastic material can be arranged in a groove. The inner surface 21 of the support ring 13 extends obliquely or concavely curved outwards in the upper region, so that the support ring has only a relatively small radial thickness in the upper region, which may correspond approximately to the wall thickness of the shell 5.

Zwischen den Radialrippen 11 sind Lüftungsöffnungen 23 freigelassen, die von den Seitenflächen der Radialrippen 11, von der gleichförmig glattgekrümmten Außenfläche der Schale 5 und von der Innenfläche 21 des Auflagerings 13 begrenzt werden, die, wie beschrieben, innerhalb der radia­len Breite der Auflagefläche 17 liegt. Die Lüftungs­öffnungen 23 haben somit die Form von Schächten (siehe auch Fig. 3), die im Grundriß gesehen einen trapezför­migen oder ringsektorförmigen Querschnitt haben und im Vertikalschnitt gesehen einen schräg bzw. gekrümmt von oben nach unten innen gerichteten Verlauf haben. Im oberen Bereich liegen die Lüftungsöffnungen 23 mit einem beträchtlichen Teil ihres Querschnitts oberhalb der Auflagefläche 17.Ventilation openings 23 are left between the radial ribs 11, which are delimited by the side surfaces of the radial ribs 11, by the uniformly smoothly curved outer surface of the shell 5 and by the inner surface 21 of the support ring 13, which, as described, lies within the radial width of the support surface 17. The ventilation openings 23 thus have the shape of shafts (see also FIG. 3), which, seen in plan, have a trapezoidal or ring-sector-shaped cross section and, seen in vertical section, have an oblique or curved course from the top downward towards the inside. In the upper region, the ventilation openings 23 lie with a considerable part of their cross-section above the contact surface 17.

Fig. 4 zeigt zwei Gießformhälften 27, 29, zwischen denen ein Gießhohlraum 31 zum Gießen des Gußeisenanteils (Schale 5, Radialrippen 11, Auflagering 13) des Deckels gebildet ist. Die Formung der Lüftungsöffnungen 23 kann ohne Ver­ wendung von separaten Gießkernen erfolgen, wenn die Trennfuge 33 zwischen den Gießformen im Bereich der Lüftungsöffnungen wie dargestellt angeordnet wird, so daß sie von der Innenkante des Auflagerings zur oberen Außenkante der Schale verläuft.Fig. 4 shows two mold halves 27, 29, between which a casting cavity 31 for casting the cast iron portion (shell 5, radial ribs 11, support ring 13) of the lid is formed. The formation of the ventilation openings 23 can without Ver Use of separate casting cores if the parting line 33 is arranged between the casting molds in the region of the ventilation openings as shown, so that it runs from the inner edge of the support ring to the upper outer edge of the shell.

Claims (5)

1. Deckel aus Gußeisen und Beton für Schachtab­deckungen, dessen einstückiger Gußeisenteil einen äußeren Auflagering (13) mit unterer Auflagefläche (17), eine muldenförmige Schale (5) zur Aufnahme des Betons (7), und zwischen Auflagering (13) und Schale (5) einen Kranz von Lüftungsöffnungen (23) aufweist, zwischen denen Radialrippen (11) zwischen der Außen­seite der Schale (5) und der Innenseite des Auflagerings (13) verlaufen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lüftungsöffnungen, im Vertikalschnitt des Deckels gesehen, die Form von schräg von unten innen nach oben außen verlaufenden Schächten haben, deren radial äußere Begrenzung innerhalb der radialen Breite der Auflage­fläche (17) liegt und deren radial innere Begrenzung von der gekrümmten Außenfläche der Schale (5) gebildet wird.1. Cast iron and concrete cover for manhole covers, the one-piece cast iron part of which has an outer support ring (13) with a lower support surface (17), a trough-shaped shell (5) for receiving the concrete (7), and between the support ring (13) and the shell (5 ) has a ring of ventilation openings (23), between which radial ribs (11) run between the outside of the shell (5) and the inside of the support ring (13), characterized in that the ventilation openings, as seen in the vertical section of the cover, have the shape of have shafts that run obliquely from the inside to the outside, the radially outer boundary of which lies within the radial width of the support surface (17) and the radially inner boundary of which is formed by the curved outer surface of the shell (5). 2. Deckel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Lüftungsöffnungen (23) im Grundriß gesehen die Form von durch die Radialrippen (11) abgeteilten, trapezförmigen Ringsektoren haben.2. Lid according to claim 1, characterized in that the ventilation openings (23) seen in plan view have the shape of by the radial ribs (11) divided, trapezoidal ring sectors. 3. Deckel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die die Lüftungsöffnungen (23) radial nach außen begrenzende Innenfläche (21) des Auflagerings (13) eine konkav nach unten-innen verlaufende Kontur hat.3. Lid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ventilation openings (23) radially outwardly delimiting inner surface (21) of the support ring (13) has a concave downward-inward contour. 4. Deckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die radiale Dicke des Auflagerings (13) in seinem oberen Bereich etwa gleich der Wanddicke der Schale (5) ist.4. Lid according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the radial thickness of the support ring (13) in its upper region is approximately equal to the wall thickness of the shell (5). 5. Verfahren zum Gießen des Gußeisenteils eines Deckels nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 unter Ver­wendung einer oberen und einer unteren Gießform, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere und untere Gießform (27, 29) so ausgebildet werden, daß ihre Trennfuge (33) im Bereich der Lüftungsöffnungen von der oberen Außenkante der Schale (5) schräg nach unten außen zur radial inneren Begrenzungskante des Auflagerings (13) verläuft.5. A method for casting the cast iron part of a lid according to one of claims 1 to 4 using an upper and a lower mold, characterized in that the upper and lower mold (27, 29) are formed so that their parting line (33) in The area of the ventilation openings runs obliquely downwards from the upper outer edge of the shell (5) to the radially inner boundary edge of the support ring (13).
EP89122548A 1988-12-07 1989-12-07 Manhole cover made of pig iron and concrete Expired - Lifetime EP0372545B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89122548T ATE74985T1 (en) 1988-12-07 1989-12-07 CAST IRON AND CONCRETE COVERS FOR MANHOLE COVERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3841213A DE3841213A1 (en) 1988-12-07 1988-12-07 CAST IRON AND CONCRETE COVER FOR SHAFT COVERS
DE3841213 1988-12-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0372545A2 true EP0372545A2 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0372545A3 EP0372545A3 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0372545B1 EP0372545B1 (en) 1992-04-15

Family

ID=6368648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89122548A Expired - Lifetime EP0372545B1 (en) 1988-12-07 1989-12-07 Manhole cover made of pig iron and concrete

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0372545B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE74985T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3841213A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0570663A1 (en) * 1992-05-20 1993-11-24 Passavant-Werke Ag Manhole cover
WO1998027285A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Josef Starz Device for adjusting the height of manhole covers with the cover mounted in an elevated position for roadways
US10962253B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2021-03-30 Novinium, Inc. Systems for circulating air inside a manhole vault
US11060754B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2021-07-13 Novinium, Inc. Ventilation system for manhole vault
US11346566B2 (en) 2016-03-31 2022-05-31 Novinium, Inc. Smart system for manhole event suppression system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4332968C2 (en) * 1993-09-28 1997-06-05 Buderus Guss Gmbh Round manhole cover
DE19742056C1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1999-05-12 Kai Hammerschmidt Method of adjustment of manhole cover
DE19641473C1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-01-22 Kai Hammerschmidt Levelling method for recess formed by sunken shaft cover
DE19705941C2 (en) * 1997-02-17 2000-12-21 Hartmut Fournes Method of making a manhole cover
KR19980082083A (en) * 1998-08-21 1998-11-25 심규보 Manhole with lock

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH482073A (en) * 1967-10-27 1969-11-30 Wirz Rolf Round, drivable manhole cover
DE8633386U1 (en) * 1986-12-13 1988-01-14 Richter, Falk, 6477 Limeshain, De

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1010464B (en) * 1955-11-30 1957-06-13 Passavant Werke Lid for manhole covers in roadways and. like
AT228722B (en) * 1960-02-12 1963-08-12 Buderus Eisenwerk Cast iron manhole cover
FR2450912A1 (en) * 1979-03-06 1980-10-03 Pont A Mousson Composite circular heavy duty inspection cover for carriageways - has cast iron framework comprising basin shaped bottom, filled with concrete, and cover

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH482073A (en) * 1967-10-27 1969-11-30 Wirz Rolf Round, drivable manhole cover
DE8633386U1 (en) * 1986-12-13 1988-01-14 Richter, Falk, 6477 Limeshain, De

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0570663A1 (en) * 1992-05-20 1993-11-24 Passavant-Werke Ag Manhole cover
WO1998027285A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Josef Starz Device for adjusting the height of manhole covers with the cover mounted in an elevated position for roadways
US10962253B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2021-03-30 Novinium, Inc. Systems for circulating air inside a manhole vault
US11060754B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2021-07-13 Novinium, Inc. Ventilation system for manhole vault
US11561023B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2023-01-24 Novinium, Llc Ventilation system for manhole vault
US11346566B2 (en) 2016-03-31 2022-05-31 Novinium, Inc. Smart system for manhole event suppression system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3841213A1 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0372545A3 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0372545B1 (en) 1992-04-15
ATE74985T1 (en) 1992-05-15
DE58901182D1 (en) 1992-05-21
DE3841213C2 (en) 1990-11-29

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