EP0370489B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blähen von geschnittenem, befeuchtetem Tabakmaterial - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blähen von geschnittenem, befeuchtetem Tabakmaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0370489B1
EP0370489B1 EP89121565A EP89121565A EP0370489B1 EP 0370489 B1 EP0370489 B1 EP 0370489B1 EP 89121565 A EP89121565 A EP 89121565A EP 89121565 A EP89121565 A EP 89121565A EP 0370489 B1 EP0370489 B1 EP 0370489B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas stream
flow
tobacco material
separately supplied
tobacco
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89121565A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0370489A1 (de
Inventor
Laszlo Dr. Egri
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Comas SpA
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Comas SpA
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Priority to AT89121565T priority Critical patent/ATE85187T1/de
Publication of EP0370489A1 publication Critical patent/EP0370489A1/de
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Publication of EP0370489B1 publication Critical patent/EP0370489B1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for expanding expanded, moistened tobacco material, in which the tobacco material is transported in a carrier gas stream of steam or steam and hot gas, to which a separately supplied gas stream of steam or steam and hot gas or hot gas is admixed at several consecutive mixing points , each of which has a velocity component in the flow direction of the carrier gas stream at the mixing points, and to a device for carrying out the method.
  • a carrier gas stream of steam or steam and hot gas to which a separately supplied gas stream of steam or steam and hot gas or hot gas is admixed at several consecutive mixing points , each of which has a velocity component in the flow direction of the carrier gas stream at the mixing points.
  • a device for carrying out the method is known from DE-OS 26 37 124.
  • restoring the moisture content of the tobacco to its original level should serve as the most important factor for achieving a good expansion effect.
  • the drying of the freshly harvested tobacco required for the general technology causes a shrinkage, particularly of the ribs, which leads to a loss of filling capacity.
  • the rewetting to For the purpose of swelling water is generally added, possibly with additional steam, to the tobacco, which usually takes a certain amount of time to ensure a uniform diffusion of moisture into the cells. The steam used is only partially absorbed by tobacco, the unused portion is lost through evaporation.
  • DE-OS 34 12 797 describes a vibratory conveyor in which the moistened, cut tobacco ribs are metered into a conveyor channel provided with holes, and through the holes is transverse to the longitudinal extension of the conveyor channel and to the transport movement of the tobacco, d. H. in the vertical direction, steam is supplied at a pressure of 2.5 to 25 bar and a temperature of 126 ° C to 400 ° C. An increased expansion effect is to be achieved through the heat of condensation and the mechanical vibration.
  • the heat transfer through condensation heat is suitable for converting the water impregnated in the tobacco cells into steam, but in practice it is hardly possible to treat each individual tobacco particle evenly.
  • increasing the temperature of the tobacco to the specified relatively high temperatures can lead to a loss in quality.
  • the initial moisture content of the tobacco is also relatively low.
  • the transport speed and the steam temperature in the expansion zone are not sufficient and the tobacco cannot achieve an increased expansion effect in the drying zone.
  • the flow channel, in which the tobacco is guided has a plurality of slots arranged one behind the other at a relatively close distance, through which moist hot gas is introduced into the flow channel in such a way that the tobacco movement is supported therein.
  • the tobacco is significantly accelerated in a venturi nozzle adjoining this flow channel.
  • the narrowing of the flow cross section caused by it can easily lead to the separation of tobacco dust in the flow channel.
  • a pneuma drying method is known from DE-AS 22 53 882, briefly cited at the beginning, according to which the tobacco is moistened to a moisture content of 50% and the treatment medium consisting of steam and air has a temperature between 120 ° C. and about 400 ° C. and a steam velocity of approx. 40 m / s, the treatment duration being approx. 0.5 s to less than 3 s.
  • DE-PS 31 47 846 describes a method for improving the fillability of tobacco material, in which the humidified tobacco material accelerates to a pressure drop of at least 50 m / s, then transported through a zone of approximately constant speed and then in a divergent flow under pressure increase is delayed, the residence time of the tobacco material in the expansion zone being less than about 0.1 s. Hot gas temperatures of up to 1000 ° C are used, which creates a risk of permanent damage to the tobacco material.
  • the invention is based on the object of avoiding the disadvantages described and of specifying a method and a device suitable for carrying it out, in which the negative effects of an excessively high tobacco temperature are eliminated, the deposition or risk of constipation is prevented and, by optimal use of the treatment medium, the gas for inflation necessary rapid heat transfer of the tobacco is made possible.
  • this object is achieved in that the speed of the supplied gas stream is greater than the speed of the carrier gas stream, thereby increasing the relative speed between the tobacco material and the gas flow carrying it, that the separately supplied gas stream surrounds the carrier gas stream at the mixing points, and that the transport speed of the tobacco material is then slowed down by widening the flow cross section .
  • a preferred embodiment of this method consists in that the separately supplied gas stream is fed concentrically to the carrier stream at the mixing points and that the separately supplied gas stream has a higher inlet pressure than the carrier gas stream in the region of the mixing points, the separately supplied gas stream preferably having a temperature between 100 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • the residual flow carrying the tobacco material is preferably dried.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably also carried out in such a way that the tobacco material in the carrier gas stream has a moisture content of 30% to 40% before the separately added gas stream is first admixed, and that the separately supplied gas stream is obtained as an exhaust gas stream during the humidification of the tobacco material, whereby the separately supplied gas stream expediently consists of hot air, steam or a mixture of both.
  • the invention also includes a device for carrying out the above method, comprising a flow channel in which the mixed flow of carrier gas stream and tobacco material carried by it is guided and which has a section of uniform cross section which has openings for supplying the at least two points one behind the other in the flow direction to be fed separately Gas flow is provided, this device being characterized in that the openings essentially completely surround said flow section as slots or are designed as a plurality of nozzle openings arranged on the same circumferential line and the walls of the openings with the longitudinal axis of said flow channel section form acute angles in the direction of flow lock in.
  • the flow channel section is preferably surrounded by an outer chamber which has a gas inlet and from which all the slots or nozzle openings branch off.
  • the flow channel section expediently consists of a plurality of pipe pieces arranged coaxially one behind the other, at the connection points of which the slots or nozzle openings are formed, the ends of the pipe pieces facing one another preferably being provided with flange rings which are kept at a distance by spacers and form the slots with one another.
  • At least a portion of the treatment medium namely the carrier gas
  • the carrier gas is supplied to the tobacco material to be treated at various points in the course of the process, so that gas also surrounds the mixture of carrier gas and tobacco material carried therefrom on all sides as a jacket flow, around at least in a limited region to accelerate the aforementioned mixture and preferably its gas fraction additionally without a constriction in the entire flow cross-section occurring which could lead to deposits, as is the case, for example, when accelerating by means of a Venturi nozzle.
  • a jacket flow is preferably supplied at a plurality of points in a row, which increases the effect.
  • the separately supplied gas can be hot air, water vapor or a mixture of both and is preferably obtained as exhaust gas from the medium with which the tobacco material has previously been warmed and moistened. A particularly economical way of working is achieved in this way.
  • the jacket flows of the mixed flow of carrier gas and tobacco material carried therefrom should be supplied under increased pressure, so that the required speed difference between the merged flows results in an acceleration of the jacketed flow and thus in an increase in the relative speed between tobacco material and carrier gas flow.
  • the velocity of the flow is reduced, for example by expanding a flow channel leading it, and the tobacco is then dried. It is advantageous if the tobacco material subjected to the expansion treatment has a moisture content of 30% to 40% before combining with the jacket flow. Such a moisture content has proven to be sufficient, so that it also takes economic aspects into account.
  • the arrangement of several ring nozzles one behind the other significantly improves the heat transfer to the tobacco material by repeatedly increasing the relative speed between the tobacco material and the treating carrier gas flow, since after each acceleration in the ring nozzle zone there is a slowdown in the subsequent intermediate zone.
  • the process can be optimized by varying the number of ring nozzles and the length of the intermediate zones.
  • the concentric steam jacket also ensures a suitable temperature control of the walls of the flow channel, so that no condensation can occur there, which could make the tobacco material "flowy".
  • FIG. 1 shows a feed device 1 for tobacco stems which doses the tobacco stems into a horizontal transport channel 2 via a filling funnel and a dosing device which has a cellular wheel.
  • the tobacco ribs are carried along by steam supplied laterally from a steam line 3 at a speed of approximately 40 m / s.
  • the tobacco ribs then reach a flow channel section 4 which is provided with a plurality of ring nozzles 5 arranged one behind the other.
  • the outlet of this flow channel section 4 is followed by a dryer 7, which brings the tobacco ribs to a final moisture content of 13% and delivers it to a conveyor belt 8.
  • the flow channel section 4 provided with the ring nozzles 5 is surrounded by a jacket 9, which is an annular chamber 10 forms, into which a steam inlet 11 opens and branch off from the three ring nozzles 5 in the example shown, which are connected to the interior of the flow channel section 4.
  • the chamber 10 is further provided with a steam outlet 12 through which the portion of the steam fed into the chamber 10 which is not discharged through the nozzles 5 is drawn off. This steam is preferably recovered and recirculated in the plant.
  • FIG. 2 A similar system, which differs only from the type of feeding the tobacco stems, is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the tobacco ribs pass via a first cell wheel onto an inclined oscillating base 13 in a metering and moistening device 14, to which water vapor is supplied via an inlet 15, and from there via a second cell wheel, which serves as a discharge lock the horizontal transport channel 2, to which a flow channel section 4 provided with ring nozzles 5 and a dryer 7 connect, from which the tobacco ribs are delivered to a conveyor belt 8.
  • the tobacco ribs are treated with saturated steam, the steam emitted from the dosing and moistening device 14 via a pressure maintaining device 16 being mixed with fresh superheated steam and hot air in a mixing valve 17 which opens into the horizontal transport channel 2.
  • the flow channel section 4 obtained in the two aforementioned systems and provided with ring nozzles 5 is shown in more detail in longitudinal section in FIG. 3.
  • a flow channel section 4 can be seen in FIG. 3, which is defined within the expansion device designated overall by 18 by a plurality of pipe sections 19, 20, 21 and 22 which are arranged coaxially one behind the other.
  • two adjacent ones of the aforementioned pipe sections form an annular gap 5 between them, which opens into the flow channel section 4.
  • the walls of the annular gaps are directed so that they each form acute angles with the axis 0 of the flow channel section 4.
  • the first and the last of the pipe sections 19 and 22 are provided with radially extending flanges 19a and 22a, from which tubular pipe sockets 19b and 22b extend to each other, and between them and the pipe sections 19 to 22 the aforementioned annular chamber 10 form from which the annular gaps 5 branch and into which the steam inlet 11 and the steam outlet 12 open.
  • the tubular pipe sockets 19b and 22b are surrounded by an insulation jacket 23.
  • the flow channel section 4 in the present case contains three concentrically aligned pipe sections 19, 20 and 21 and a connecting pipe section 25.
  • the facing ends of the pipe sections 19, 20 and 21 each sit in flange rings 26 and 27, on which they are sealed by O-rings 36 are.
  • Adjacent flange rings 26 and 27 are each kept at a distance by a spacer ring 28, which is supported on ring projections 31 on the flange rings 26 and 27.
  • the upstream flange rings 26 and the downstream flange rings 27 have cooperating annular surfaces 29 and 30 which run at an acute angle ⁇ and ⁇ to the longitudinal axis 0 of the flow channel section 4 and which run approximately parallel to one another at a narrow mutual distance, so that frustoconical-shaped ring nozzles 5 represent Gaps are formed between them.
  • the spacer rings 28 have a plurality of holes 32 distributed in the circumferential direction, through which the ring nozzles 5 are accessible from the outside.
  • the directions of the surfaces 29 and 30 are shown extended by dashed or dash-dotted lines to show that these surfaces with the longitudinal axis 0 of the flow channel 4 include relatively acute angles ⁇ and ⁇ , which are dimensioned such that the annular gap forming the annular nozzle 5 between the surfaces 29 and 30 is narrowed from the outside inwards.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ mentioned are approximately 12 °
  • the surfaces 29 and 30 have a mutual spacing of approximately 0.2 mm with an inner diameter of the flow channel section 4 having a circular cross section of approximately 80 mm.
  • Other gap widths are possible in adaptation to the pressure of the hot gas supplied to the ring nozzles 5 and depending on the cross-sectional size of the flow channel section 4. For example, they can be up to 2 mm.
  • This arrangement is surrounded by a jacket tube 33, which forms an annular chamber 10 with the tube pieces 19, 20 and 21.
  • the casing tube 33 is attached at one end to a flange ring 34 fastened to the pipe section 19 and at the other end to a flange ring 35 fastened to the pipe section 21, to which the already mentioned connecting pipe section 25 is fastened.
  • the former flange ring 34 is provided with a steam inlet 11 and a steam outlet 12, which open into the chamber 10.
  • a plurality of tube pieces can optionally be provided to form a larger number of ring nozzles.
  • a plurality of nozzles can also be provided, each of which is arranged next to one another on a circumferential line.
  • a nozzle ring can be designed as a one-piece component to which the adjacent pipe sections of the flow channel section are connected, in particular plugged in, or they can, as in the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each be half-formed in flange rings.
  • the device has been described using the example of the treatment of tobacco ribs, it should be mentioned that it is also suitable for the treatment of cut leaf material or of a mixture of cut rib and leaf material.
  • a particular advantage of the device according to the invention is that the concentric, conical steam injection creates a steam cushion on the wall of the one provided with the ring nozzles Forms flow channel section, which prevents the deposits that have hitherto formed in expansion devices.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
EP89121565A 1988-11-23 1989-11-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blähen von geschnittenem, befeuchtetem Tabakmaterial Expired - Lifetime EP0370489B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89121565T ATE85187T1 (de) 1988-11-23 1989-11-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum blaehen von geschnittenem, befeuchtetem tabakmaterial.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3839529 1988-11-23
DE3839529A DE3839529C1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1988-11-23 1988-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0370489A1 EP0370489A1 (de) 1990-05-30
EP0370489B1 true EP0370489B1 (de) 1993-02-03

Family

ID=6367713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89121565A Expired - Lifetime EP0370489B1 (de) 1988-11-23 1989-11-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blähen von geschnittenem, befeuchtetem Tabakmaterial

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US5060670A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
EP (1) EP0370489B1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
JP (1) JPH0659197B2 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
KR (1) KR950001182B1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
CN (1) CN1015293B (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
AR (1) AR244518A1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
AT (1) ATE85187T1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
AU (1) AU617896B2 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
BR (1) BR8905916A (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
CA (1) CA2003729C (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
DE (2) DE3839529C1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
ES (1) ES2039061T3 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
GR (1) GR3007365T3 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
RU (1) RU1829917C (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)
ZA (1) ZA898726B (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016107125A1 (de) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-19 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Förderdüse sowie Fördervorrichtung mit mindestens einer Förderdüse

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3140039B2 (ja) * 1990-11-07 2001-03-05 日本たばこ産業株式会社 たばこ原料の気流乾燥方法およびその装置
DE4127374A1 (de) * 1991-08-19 1993-02-25 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum ueberfuehren von tabakteilen in einen stromtrockner
CH683226A5 (de) * 1991-12-09 1994-02-15 Egri Laszlo Expandieren und Trocknen von Tabak.
GB9922746D0 (en) * 1999-09-24 1999-11-24 Rothmans International Ltd Tobacco processing
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
GB0902629D0 (en) * 2009-02-17 2009-04-01 Dickinson Legg Ltd Tabacco drying apparatus
ITVE20110075A1 (it) * 2011-11-23 2013-05-24 Comas Costruzioni Macchine Specia Li S P A Metodo di espansione ed essiccazione del tabacco
CN106731918B (zh) * 2016-12-29 2023-08-29 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 一种分段组合式混合室
CN112265668A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-01-26 河北白沙烟草有限责任公司 一种用于降低环保内衬纸小盒夹烟末的方法

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357436A (en) * 1964-08-26 1967-12-12 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Apparatus for drying tobacco
BE790758A (fr) * 1971-11-04 1973-02-15 Philip Morris Inc Procede pour augmenter le volume des tiges de tabac
CA1047352A (en) * 1975-09-05 1979-01-30 Eugene Glock Method and apparatus for increasing the filling capacity of shredded tobacco tissue
US4102349A (en) * 1976-07-15 1978-07-25 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Method and apparatus for moisturizing tobacco stems
AU509708B2 (en) * 1976-07-15 1980-05-22 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Producing expanded tobacco from whole tobacco stems
GB1604024A (en) * 1977-09-03 1981-12-02 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Method and apparatus for increasing the filling property of fibres of tobacco or another smokable material
DE3037885C2 (de) * 1980-10-07 1988-03-03 Tamag Basel AG, 4127 Birsfelden Verfahren zur Volumenvergrößerung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE3147846C2 (de) * 1981-09-05 1984-07-19 B.A.T. Cigaretten-Fabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabakmaterial
DE3412797A1 (de) * 1983-04-23 1984-10-25 Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg Verfahren und anordnung zum blaehen von tabak
FR2561077B1 (fr) * 1984-03-14 1986-12-19 Korea Ginseng Tobacco Research Procede d'expansion de feuilles de tabac et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE3710677A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-13 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Vorrichtung zum expandieren von zerkleinertem tabakmaterial

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016107125A1 (de) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-19 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Förderdüse sowie Fördervorrichtung mit mindestens einer Förderdüse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA898726B (en) 1990-08-29
CN1043075A (zh) 1990-06-20
DE3839529C1 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1990-04-12
CN1015293B (zh) 1992-01-15
RU1829917C (ru) 1993-07-23
BR8905916A (pt) 1990-06-19
JPH0659197B2 (ja) 1994-08-10
ATE85187T1 (de) 1993-02-15
AU4472889A (en) 1990-05-31
EP0370489A1 (de) 1990-05-30
US5060670A (en) 1991-10-29
AR244518A1 (es) 1993-11-30
AU617896B2 (en) 1991-12-05
KR900007351A (ko) 1990-06-01
KR950001182B1 (ko) 1995-02-14
CA2003729A1 (en) 1990-05-23
CA2003729C (en) 1995-07-25
JPH02219564A (ja) 1990-09-03
GR3007365T3 (US07122547-20061017-C00273.png) 1993-07-30
ES2039061T3 (es) 1993-08-16
DE58903453D1 (de) 1993-03-18

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