EP0354076A1 - Antenna with microwave energy distribution across triplate lines - Google Patents
Antenna with microwave energy distribution across triplate lines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0354076A1 EP0354076A1 EP89401832A EP89401832A EP0354076A1 EP 0354076 A1 EP0354076 A1 EP 0354076A1 EP 89401832 A EP89401832 A EP 89401832A EP 89401832 A EP89401832 A EP 89401832A EP 0354076 A1 EP0354076 A1 EP 0354076A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuits
- triplate
- circuit
- ground plane
- distributors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna structure comprising microwave energy distribution circuits of the triplate type.
- a known embodiment of the antenna consists in using a plurality of radiating elements distributed in a plane in N rows and M columns, the scanning of the space by the microwave energy beam thus obtained can be done by rotation. mechanical around one or two axes, or by electronically scanning one or two planes, electronically controllable phase shifters then being added to the structure.
- this type of antenna uses a single microwave energy source, it is necessary to distribute this energy, for example first vertically between N horizontal planes, then to distribute it horizontally between the M radiating elements carried by each plane horizontal.
- circuits of the triplate type are generally used, and in particular air triplate circuits in which the dielectric consists of air.
- a stack of N triplate circuits is thus obtained, each distributing the energy to M radiating elements and separated from each other by spacers to respect the pitch chosen for the radiating elements in the vertical direction.
- Such an arrangement generally forms a bulky and heavy antenna.
- the production of three-way distribution circuits becomes difficult when their size increases, thus limiting the number M of radiating elements per distributor.
- the present invention relates to an antenna structure of the previous type in which the drawbacks and limitations are reduced thanks to the fact that the circuits triplates are arranged so that they have at least part of their ground planes in common, this of course without modifying the steps at which the M x N radiating elements are arranged.
- the subject of the invention is an antenna as defined by claim 1.
- FIG. 1 therefore represents a cross section of a block diagram of a circuit of the triplate type.
- This circuit comprises a central conductor 4, kept at a substantially constant distance from two conductive planes 1 and 2, which behave like short circuits and which are called ground planes.
- the central conductor is separated from the ground planes by a dielectric 3 which can be constituted by air.
- a triplate circuit also includes mechanical support means for the central conductor, not shown in this figure.
- FIG. 2 represents a top view of a triplate distribution circuit capable of being used in the antenna according to the invention.
- the diagram in FIG. 2 being a top view, only a ground plane is visible, marked 11.
- the triplate circuit is for example substantially rectangular, its central conductor (not visible) receiving, for example on one of the long sides from the rectangle, marked 12, the energy coming from distribution means R (for example along the vertical axis), via a coupler and, when an electronic scan is carried out in the vertical plane, a phase shifter, for distributing it in the horizontal plane (according to the previous example) with M radiating elements, for example of the dipole type, marked D1, D2 Across D M , arranged on the other long side of the rectangle, marked 13.
- the dipoles D each consist of two superimposed half-dipoles which constitute an extension of each of the ground planes, only the upper half-dipole being visible and marked 10, and by a half-dipole marked 40, which is an extension of the central conductor.
- the dipoles are regularly arranged on the side 12, at a pitch denoted p M.
- the ground planes consist of aluminum sheets and the central conductor, of copper ribbons.
- the three-ply structure can be mechanically reinforced by foam, placed between the central conductor and the ground planes.
- FIG. 2 also shows a plurality of junctions J D , arranged for example in notches made in the side 13, ensuring the connection between several triplate circuits, the precise constitution of which the function, in some embodiments, are described in more detail below.
- the distributor R is also constituted by a triplate circuit, arranged for example as shown in the figure on the side 13, normally in the plane of the distributor triplate, the electrical connection between the two triplate circuits can be carried out using a J R junction on one of the short sides of the rectangle, similar to the previous J D junction.
- FIG. 3 represents a first embodiment, seen in partial section in the vertical plane, of the antenna according to the invention.
- triplate distribution circuits T D seen in section, separated and held by spacers 8.
- Each of the distribution circuits T D consists of two triplate circuits, marked T1 and T2, superimposed.
- the first of these circuits, T1 carries the dipoles D produced in the extension of the circuit T1 as shown in FIG. 2, and part of the microwave circuits necessary for distribution.
- the other triplate circuit, T2 carries the rest of the distribution circuits. It is arranged parallel to the triplate circuit T1 so as to have in common with it one of its ground planes, the plane 12 in the example shown, and it is then further constituted by a second ground plane, marked 14 and a central conductor, identified 13.
- the circuits T1 and T2 are fixed in a vertical support 3 at the rear of the antenna.
- a conducting plane 9 forming a reflector for the dipoles.
- the microwave energy supplied to the distributor R is distributed to the different (N) distributor circuits via couplers and, where appropriate, phase shifters; the energy supplied to each of the distributor circuits is distributed to the M dipoles carried by each of these circuits.
- the term “distribution” is used for the division of energy between the source and the (N) horizontal planes, and that the term “distribution” is used at the 'inside the horizontal planes, between the different (M) radiating elements.
- Such a structure therefore makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the antenna (between front face and rear face), as well as its weight due to the reduction in the number of ground planes.
- FIG. 4 represents an embodiment of a junction J D between two triplate circuits T1 and T2 forming the same distributor circuit T D.
- FIG 4 there is shown the rear face of the circuits T1 and T2.
- the circuit T1 always includes the ground plane 11, its central conductor identified 10, shown in dotted lines and the ground plane 12 which it has in common with the circuit T2, whose central conductor is identified 13 and the second ground plane 14.
- the junction J D between the two triplate circuits is constituted by a micro-ribbon type circuit, that is to say comprising a ground plane 5 and a ribbon-shaped conductor 6 arranged parallel to the ground plane and separated from the latter by a dielectric material 7.
- the circuit J D is placed on the rear face of the circuits T1 and T2.
- the central conductors 10 and 13 of the two triplates T1 and T2 are each provided with a tongue extending outside the circuit, crossing the ground plane 5 (without electrical contact with him) this the dielectric 7, so as to come into electrical contact with the conductor 6.
- FIG. 5 represents the overall diagram, seen in section, of a second embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
- FIG 5 there is shown a support 50 for the antenna, movable about a vertical axis ZZ, carrying a support structure 51, called base. Carried by this base 51 is shown the distributor R, thus ensuring the distribution of the microwave energy that it receives (via circuits not shown) between the N alignments of horizontal dipoles via respectively N couplers C and , if necessary, N phase shifters (not shown), supplying respectively N three-plate distribution circuits T D.
- Each of the distribution circuits carries M dipoles which, in this case, are not an extension of the conductors of the triplate circuit.
- the distribution circuits are constituted by a single and same triplate circuit, but these are arranged so as to be juxtaposed and to have a ground plane in common with the adjacent distribution circuit, while being offset from each other to allow the implantation of the dipoles at the required pitch (P N ).
- This arrangement allows a compact structure (the spacers are not necessary here), this compactness being however limited by the pitch P N of the dipoles in the vertical direction; it also allows a light structure since the number of ground planes is almost halved; furthermore, it does not require a reflecting plane like plane 2 in FIG. 3, this function being provided by the ground planes of the distribution circuits.
- FIG. 6 represents the overall diagram, seen in section, of a third embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
- This structure consists of a base 61, mobile in rotation about a vertical axis ZZ and carrying a set N of distribution circuits T D. As before, each of the circuits T D distributes the energy between the distributor R via a coupler C to a number M of dipoles D.
- each of the distribution circuits T D is produced using two triplate circuits, marked T3 and T4, the circuit T3 carrying for example the dipoles and the circuit T4 then being connected via the coupler C to the distributor A.
- the set of circuits T3 carrying the dipoles are arranged parallel to one another so as to be juxtaposed but offset, as were the circuits T D in FIG. 5.
- the set of circuits T4 are arranged parallel to each other, so as to be juxtaposed but offset: the circuits T3 each have a common ground plane with the adjacent circuit T3; the same is true for circuits T4.
- the set of circuits T3 makes a non-zero angle with the set of circuits T4: we thus obtain a structure in spikes.
- the connection between the parts T3 and T4 of the same distribution circuit is ensured using a connector 62.
- FIG. 6 makes it possible to reduce the number of ground planes, as well as to avoid the use of spacers; it also makes it possible to reduce the total height of the antenna relative to the embodiment of FIG. 5, of course with given antenna characteristics.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet une structure d'antenne comportant des circuits de distribution d'énergie micro-onde du type triplaque.The present invention relates to an antenna structure comprising microwave energy distribution circuits of the triplate type.
Un mode de réalisation connu d'antenne consiste à utiliser une pluralité d'éléments rayonnants répartis dans un plan en N lignes et M colonnes, le balayage de l'espace par le faisceau d'énergie micro-onde ainsi obtenu pouvant se faire par rotation mécanique autour d'un ou deux axes, ou encore par balayage électronique un ou deux plans, des déphaseurs électroniquement commandables étant alors ajoutés à la structure.A known embodiment of the antenna consists in using a plurality of radiating elements distributed in a plane in N rows and M columns, the scanning of the space by the microwave energy beam thus obtained can be done by rotation. mechanical around one or two axes, or by electronically scanning one or two planes, electronically controllable phase shifters then being added to the structure.
Lorsque ce type d'antenne utilise une source d'énergie micro-onde unique, il est nécessaire de répartir cette énergie, par exemple d'abord verticalement entre N plans horizontaux, puis de la distribuer horizontalement entre les M éléments rayonnants portés par chaque plan horizontal.When this type of antenna uses a single microwave energy source, it is necessary to distribute this energy, for example first vertically between N horizontal planes, then to distribute it horizontally between the M radiating elements carried by each plane horizontal.
Une telle distribution d'énergie devant se faire avec un minimum de pertes, on utilise en général des circuits du type triplaque, et notamment des circuits triplaques à air dans lesquels le diélectrique est constitué par de l'air.Since such an energy distribution must be done with a minimum of losses, circuits of the triplate type are generally used, and in particular air triplate circuits in which the dielectric consists of air.
On obtient ainsi un empilement de N circuits triplaques, distribuant chacun l'énergie à M éléments rayonnants et séparés les uns des autres par des entretoises pour respecter le pas choisi pour les éléments rayonnants dans la direction verticale.A stack of N triplate circuits is thus obtained, each distributing the energy to M radiating elements and separated from each other by spacers to respect the pitch chosen for the radiating elements in the vertical direction.
Un tel arrangement forme en général une antenne encombrante et lourde. En outre, la réalisation des circuits triplaques de distribution devient délicate lorsque leur taille augmente, limitant ainsi le nombre M d'éléments rayonnants par distributeur.Such an arrangement generally forms a bulky and heavy antenna. In addition, the production of three-way distribution circuits becomes difficult when their size increases, thus limiting the number M of radiating elements per distributor.
La présente invention a pour objet une structure d'antenne du type précédent dans laquelle les inconvénients et limitations sont réduits grâce au fait que les circuits triplaques sont disposés de sorte qu'ils aient au moins une partie de leurs plans de masse en commun, cela bien entendu sans que soient modifiés les pas auxquels sont disposés les M x N éléments rayonnants.The present invention relates to an antenna structure of the previous type in which the drawbacks and limitations are reduced thanks to the fact that the circuits triplates are arranged so that they have at least part of their ground planes in common, this of course without modifying the steps at which the M x N radiating elements are arranged.
Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet une antenne telle que définie par la revendication 1.More specifically, the subject of the invention is an antenna as defined by claim 1.
D'autres objets, particularités et résultats de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante, illustrée par les dessins annexés, qui représentent :
- - la figure 1, une coupe transversale d'un circuit triplaque ;
- - la figure 2, une vue de dessus d'un mode de réalisation d'un circuit de distribution triplaque utilisé dans l'antenne selon l'invention ;
- - la figure 3, une vue en coupe partielle d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'antenne selon l'invention ;
- - la figure 4, un mode de réalisation d'une jonction entre deux circuits triplaques utilisés dans l'antenne selon l'invention ;
- - la figure 5, un deuxième mode de réalisation de i'antenne selon l'invention ;
- - la figure 6, un troisième mode de réalisation de l'antenne selon l'invention.
- - Figure 1, a cross section of a triplate circuit;
- - Figure 2, a top view of an embodiment of a triplate distribution circuit used in the antenna according to the invention;
- - Figure 3, a partial sectional view of a first embodiment of the antenna according to the invention;
- - Figure 4, an embodiment of a junction between two triplate circuits used in the antenna according to the invention;
- - Figure 5, a second embodiment of the antenna according to the invention;
- - Figure 6, a third embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
Sur ces différentes figures, les mêmes références se rapportent aux mêmes éléments.In these different figures, the same references relate to the same elements.
La figure 1 représente donc une coupe transversale d'un schéma de principe d'un circuit du type triplaque.FIG. 1 therefore represents a cross section of a block diagram of a circuit of the triplate type.
Ce circuit comporte un conducteur central 4, maintenu à distance sensiblement constante de deux plans conducteurs 1 et 2, qui se comportent comme des court-circuits et qui sont appelés plans de masse. Le conducteur central est séparé des plans de masse par un diélectrique 3 qui peut être constitué par de l'air. Un circuit triplaque comporte encore des moyens de supports mécaniques du conducteur central, non représentés sur cette figure.This circuit comprises a
La figure 2 représente une vue de dessus d'un circuit triplaque de distribution susceptible d'être utilisé dans l'antenne selon l'invention.FIG. 2 represents a top view of a triplate distribution circuit capable of being used in the antenna according to the invention.
Le schéma de la figure 2 étant une vue de dessus, seul est visible un plan de masse, repéré 11. Le circuit triplaque est par exemple sensiblement rectangulaire, son conducteur central (non visible) recevant, par exemple sur l'un des grands côtés du rectangle, repéré 12, l'énergie provenant de moyens R de répartition (par exemple selon l'axe vertical), via un coupleur et, lorsqu'on effectue un balayage électronique dans le plan vertical, un déphaseur, pour la distribuer dans le plan horizontal (selon l'exemple précédent) à M éléments rayonnants, par exemple du type dipôle, repérés D₁, D₂ ..... DM, disposés sur l'autre grand côté du rectangle, repéré 13 .The diagram in FIG. 2 being a top view, only a ground plane is visible, marked 11. The triplate circuit is for example substantially rectangular, its central conductor (not visible) receiving, for example on one of the long sides from the rectangle, marked 12, the energy coming from distribution means R (for example along the vertical axis), via a coupler and, when an electronic scan is carried out in the vertical plane, a phase shifter, for distributing it in the horizontal plane (according to the previous example) with M radiating elements, for example of the dipole type, marked D₁, D₂ ..... D M , arranged on the other long side of the rectangle, marked 13.
Plus précisément, dans ce mode de réalisation, les dipôles D sont constitués chacun par deux demi-dipôles superposés qui constituent un prolongement de chacun des plans de masse, seul le demi-dipôle supérieur étant visible et repéré 10, et par un demi-dipôle repéré 40, qui est le prolongement du conducteur central. Les dipôles sont disposés régulièrement sur le côté 12, à un pas noté pM. A titre d'exemple, les plans de masse sont constitués par des feuilles d'aluminium et le conducteur central, par des rubans de cuivre. Au niveau des dipôles, la structure triplaque peut être mécaniquement renforcée par de la mousse, disposée entre conducteur central et plans de masse.More specifically, in this embodiment, the dipoles D each consist of two superimposed half-dipoles which constitute an extension of each of the ground planes, only the upper half-dipole being visible and marked 10, and by a half-dipole marked 40, which is an extension of the central conductor. The dipoles are regularly arranged on the
On a encore représenté sur la figure 2 une pluralité de jonctions JD, disposées par exemple dans des encoches pratiquées dans le côté 13, assurant la connexion entre plusieurs circuits triplaques, dont la constitution précise et la fonction, dans certains modes de réalisation, sont décrites plus en détail ci-après.FIG. 2 also shows a plurality of junctions J D , arranged for example in notches made in the
Dans le cas où le répartiteur R est constitué également par un circuit triplaque, disposé par exemple comme représenté sur la figure sur le côté 13, normalement au plan du triplaque distributeur, la liaison électrique entre les deux circuits triplaques peut être effectuée à l'aide d'une jonction JR sur l'un des petits côtés du rectangle, analogue à la jonction JD précédente.In the case where the distributor R is also constituted by a triplate circuit, arranged for example as shown in the figure on the
La figure 3 représente un premier mode de réalisation, vu en coupe partielle dans le plan vertical, de l'antenne selon l'invention.FIG. 3 represents a first embodiment, seen in partial section in the vertical plane, of the antenna according to the invention.
Sur cette figure, on a représenté cinq circuits triplaques de distribution TD vus en coupe, séparés et maintenus par des entretoises 8. Chacun des circuits de distribution TD est constitué de deux circuits triplaques, repérés T₁ et T₂, superposés .In this figure, there are shown five triplate distribution circuits T D seen in section, separated and held by
Le premier de ces circuits, T₁, porte les dipôles D réalisés dans le prolongement du circuit T₁ comme représenté figure 2, et une partie des circuits micro-onde nécessaires à la distribution. L'autre circuit triplaque, T₂, porte le reste des circuits de distribution. Il est disposé parallèlement au circuit triplaque T₁ de façon à avoir en commun avec lui un de ses plans de masse, le plan 12 dans l'exemple représenté, et il est alors constitué en outre par un deuxième plan de masse, repéré 14 et un conducteur central, repéré 13. Les circuits T₁ et T₂ sont fixés dans un support vertical 3 à l'arrière de l'antenne.The first of these circuits, T₁, carries the dipoles D produced in the extension of the circuit T₁ as shown in FIG. 2, and part of the microwave circuits necessary for distribution. The other triplate circuit, T₂, carries the rest of the distribution circuits. It is arranged parallel to the triplate circuit T₁ so as to have in common with it one of its ground planes, the
Sur la partie avant de l'antenne, derrière les dipôles D, est fixé classiquement un plan conducteur 9 formant réflecteur pour les dipôles.On the front part of the antenna, behind the dipoles D, is conventionally fixed a conducting
De la sorte, comme exposé plus haut, l'énergie micro-onde fournie au répartiteur R est répartie aux différents (N) circuits distributeurs via coupleurs et, le cas échéant, déphaseurs ; l'énergie fournie à chacun des circuits distributeurs est distribuée aux M dipôles que portent chacun de ces circuits.In this way, as explained above, the microwave energy supplied to the distributor R is distributed to the different (N) distributor circuits via couplers and, where appropriate, phase shifters; the energy supplied to each of the distributor circuits is distributed to the M dipoles carried by each of these circuits.
Il est à noter que, dans la présente description, le terme de "répartition" est utilisé pour la division de l'énergie entre la source et les (N) plans horizontaux, et que le terme de "distribution" l'est à l'intérieur des plans horizontaux, entre les différents (M) éléments rayonnants.It should be noted that, in the present description, the term "distribution" is used for the division of energy between the source and the (N) horizontal planes, and that the term "distribution" is used at the 'inside the horizontal planes, between the different (M) radiating elements.
Il est à noter en outre que la description du fonctionnement et les termes utilisés correspondent au fonctionnement à l'émission, mais que l'antenne fonctionne, de façon réciproque, également à la réception.It should also be noted that the description of the operation and the terms used correspond to the operation on transmission, but that the antenna operates, reciprocally, also on reception.
Une telle structure permet donc de réduire l'épaisseur de l'antenne (entre face avant et face arrière), ainsi que son poids du fait de la diminution du nombre de plans de masse.Such a structure therefore makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the antenna (between front face and rear face), as well as its weight due to the reduction in the number of ground planes.
La figure 4 représente un mode de réalisation d'une jonction JD entre deux circuits triplaques T₁ et T₂ formant un même circuit distributeur TD.FIG. 4 represents an embodiment of a junction J D between two triplate circuits T₁ and T₂ forming the same distributor circuit T D.
Sur la figure 4, on a représenté la face arrière des circuits T₁ et T₂. Le circuit T₁ comporte toujours le plan de masse 11, son conducteur central repéré 10, représenté en pointillés et le plan de masse 12 qu'il a en commun avec le circuit T₂, dont le conducteur central est repéré 13 et le deuxième plan de masse 14.In Figure 4, there is shown the rear face of the circuits T₁ and T₂. The circuit T₁ always includes the
La jonction JD entre les deux circuits triplaques est constituée par un circuit du type micro-ruban, c'est-à-dire comportant un plan de masse 5 et un conducteur 6 en forme de ruban disposé parallèlement au plan de masse et séparé de celui-ci par un matériau diélectrique 7. Le circuit JD est placé sur la face arrière des circuits T₁ et T₂. Les conducteurs centraux 10 et 13 des deux triplaques T₁ et T₂ sont munis chacun d'une languette s'étendant à l'extérieur du circuit, traversant le plan de masse 5 (sans contact électrique avec lui) cet le diélectrique 7, de façon à venir en contact électrique avec le conducteur 6.The junction J D between the two triplate circuits is constituted by a micro-ribbon type circuit, that is to say comprising a
Une telle jonction est décrite dans la demande de brevet français n° 2.612.697 au nom de THOMSON-CSF.Such a junction is described in French patent application No. 2,612,697 in the name of THOMSON-CSF.
La figure 5 représente le schéma d'ensemble, vu en coupe, d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'antenne selon l'invention.FIG. 5 represents the overall diagram, seen in section, of a second embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
Sur la figure 5, on a représenté un support à 50 pour l'antenne, mobile autour d'un axe vertical ZZ, portant une structure de soutien 51, appelée embase. Porté par cette embase 51 est représenté le répartiteur R, assurant donc la répartition de l'énergie micro-onde qu'il reçoit (via des circuits non rprésentés) entre les N alignements de dipôles horizontaux par l'intermédiaire respectivement de N coupleurs C et, le cas échéant, N déphaseurs (non représentés), alimentant respectivement N circuits triplaques de distribution TD. Chacun des circuits de distribution porte M dipôles qui, dans ce cas, ne sont pas dans le prolongement des conducteurs du circuit triplaque.In Figure 5, there is shown a
Il apparaît dans ce mode de réalisation que les circuits de distribution sont constitués par un seul et même circuit triplaque, mais ceux ci sont disposés de sorte à être juxtaposés et à avoir un plan de masse en commun avec le circuit de distribution adjacent, tout en étant décalés les uns par rapport aux autres pour permettre l'implantation des dipôles au pas (PN) requis.It appears in this embodiment that the distribution circuits are constituted by a single and same triplate circuit, but these are arranged so as to be juxtaposed and to have a ground plane in common with the adjacent distribution circuit, while being offset from each other to allow the implantation of the dipoles at the required pitch (P N ).
Cette disposition permet une structure compacte (les entretoises ne sont pas ici nécessaires), cette compacité étant toutefois limitée par le pas PN des dipôles dans la direction verticale ; elle permet également une structure légère du fait que le nombre de plans de masse est presque divisé par deux ; en outre elle ne nécessite pas de plan réflecteur comme le plan 2 de la figure 3, cette fonction étant assurée par les plans de masse des circuits de distribution.This arrangement allows a compact structure (the spacers are not necessary here), this compactness being however limited by the pitch P N of the dipoles in the vertical direction; it also allows a light structure since the number of ground planes is almost halved; furthermore, it does not require a reflecting plane like
La figure 6 représente le schéma d'ensemble, vu en coupe, d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'antenne selon l'invention.FIG. 6 represents the overall diagram, seen in section, of a third embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
Cette structure se compose d'une embase 61, mobile en rotation autour d'un axe vertical ZZ et portant un ensemble N de circuits de distribution TD. Comme précédemment, chacun des circuits TD assure la distribution de l'énergie entre le répartiteur R via un coupleur C à un nombre M de dipôles D.This structure consists of a
Dans ce mode de réalisation, chacun des circuits de distribution TD est réalisé à l'aide de deux circuits triplaques, repérés T₃ et T₄, le circuit T₃ portant par exemple les dipôles et le circuit T₄ étant alors relié via le coupleur C au répartiteur R. L'ensemble des circuits T₃ portant les dipôles sont disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres de façon à être juxtaposés mais décalés, comme l'étaient les circuits TD sur la figure 5. De la même manière, l'ensemble des circuits T₄ sont disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres, de façon à être juxtaposés mais décalés : les circuits T₃ ont chacun un plan de masse commun avec le circuit T₃ adjacent ; il en est de même pour les circuits T₄. L'ensemble des circuits T₃ fait un angle non nul avec l'ensemble des circuits T₄ : on obtient ainsi une structure en épis. La connexion entre les parties T₃ et T₄ d'un même circuit de distribution est assurée à l'aide d'un connecteur 62.In this embodiment, each of the distribution circuits T D is produced using two triplate circuits, marked T₃ and T₄, the circuit T₃ carrying for example the dipoles and the circuit T₄ then being connected via the coupler C to the distributor A. The set of circuits T₃ carrying the dipoles are arranged parallel to one another so as to be juxtaposed but offset, as were the circuits T D in FIG. 5. In the same way, the set of circuits T₄ are arranged parallel to each other, so as to be juxtaposed but offset: the circuits T₃ each have a common ground plane with the adjacent circuit T₃; the same is true for circuits T₄. The set of circuits T₃ makes a non-zero angle with the set of circuits T₄: we thus obtain a structure in spikes. The connection between the parts T₃ and T₄ of the same distribution circuit is ensured using a
Comme la réalisation de la figure 5, celle de la figure 6 permet de diminuer le nombre de plans de masse, ainsi que d'éviter l'utilisation des entretoises ; elle permet en outre de réduire la hauteur totale de l'antenne par rapport à la réalisation de la figure 5, bien entendu à caractéristiques d'antenne données.Like the embodiment of FIG. 5, that of FIG. 6 makes it possible to reduce the number of ground planes, as well as to avoid the use of spacers; it also makes it possible to reduce the total height of the antenna relative to the embodiment of FIG. 5, of course with given antenna characteristics.
La description ci-dessus a été bien entendu faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif. C'est ainsi notamment que l'on a décrit une antenne assurant un balayage mécanique dans le plan horizontal, mais que ce plan peut être vertical.The above description has of course been given by way of nonlimiting example. Thus, in particular, an antenna has been described providing mechanical scanning in the horizontal plane, but this plane may be vertical.
Claims (7)
- un répartiteur (R) relié à un émetteur ou un récepteur d'énergie rayonnée micro-onde, assurant la répartition de l'énergie entre N distributeurs ;
- N distributeurs (TD), assurant chacun la distribution de l'énergie qu'il reçoit entre M éléments rayonnants, et réalisés sous forme de circuits triplaques, chacun des circuits triplaques comportant un conducteur central, deux plans de masses disposés de part et d'autre du conducteur central, sensiblement parallèlement à ce dernier et séparés du conducteur central par un matériau diélectrique ;
- MxN éléments rayonnants (D) ;
l'antenne étant caractérisée par le fait que les circuits triplaques formant les distributeurs sont disposés de sorte qu'ils aient au moins une partie de leurs plans de masse en commun.1. Electronic scanning antenna comprising:
- a distributor (R) connected to a transmitter or a receiver of microwave radiated energy, ensuring the distribution of energy between N distributors;
- N distributors (T D ), each ensuring the distribution of the energy it receives between M radiating elements, and produced in the form of triplate circuits, each of the triplate circuits comprising a central conductor, two ground planes arranged on one side and on the other side of the central conductor, substantially parallel to the latter and separated from the central conductor by a dielectric material;
- MxN radiating elements (D);
the antenna being characterized in that the triplate circuits forming the distributors are arranged so that they have at least part of their ground planes in common.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8809545A FR2634325B1 (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1988-07-13 | ANTENNA COMPRISING TRIPLATE TYPE MICROWAVE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION CIRCUITS |
| FR8809545 | 1988-07-13 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0354076A1 true EP0354076A1 (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| EP0354076B1 EP0354076B1 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
Family
ID=9368421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89401832A Expired - Lifetime EP0354076B1 (en) | 1988-07-13 | 1989-06-27 | Antenna with microwave energy distribution across triplate lines |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5153602A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0354076B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68925005T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2634325B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6028494A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-02-22 | Harris Corporation | High isolation cross-over for canceling mutually coupled signals between adjacent stripline signal distribution networks |
| US6130585A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-10-10 | Harris Corporation | Cross-over distribution scheme for canceling mutually coupled signals between adjacent stripline signal distribution networks |
| US6097260A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-08-01 | Harris Corporation | Distributed ground pads for shielding cross-overs of mutually overlapping stripline signal transmission networks |
| FR2807213B1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2003-07-25 | Thomson Csf | HYPERFREQUENCY DEPHASER, AND ELECTRONIC SCAN ANTENNA CONTAINING SUCH DEPHASERS |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2411872A (en) * | 1942-06-11 | 1946-12-03 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave directive antenna |
| US3845490A (en) * | 1973-05-03 | 1974-10-29 | Gen Electric | Stripline slotted balun dipole antenna |
| GB1387450A (en) * | 1972-07-14 | 1975-03-19 | Marconi Co Ltd | Dipole aerial arrangements |
| US4353072A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-10-05 | Raytheon Company | Circularly polarized radio frequency antenna |
| EP0085486A1 (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1983-08-10 | The Marconi Company Limited | Antenna arrangement |
| GB2191044A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1987-12-02 | Gen Electric Co Plc | Antenna arrangement |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3623112A (en) * | 1969-12-19 | 1971-11-23 | Bendix Corp | Combined dipole and waveguide radiator for phased antenna array |
| GB2111310B (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1985-07-03 | Marconi Co Ltd | Antenna array |
-
1988
- 1988-07-13 FR FR8809545A patent/FR2634325B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-06-27 EP EP89401832A patent/EP0354076B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-27 DE DE68925005T patent/DE68925005T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-06 US US07/376,001 patent/US5153602A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2411872A (en) * | 1942-06-11 | 1946-12-03 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave directive antenna |
| GB1387450A (en) * | 1972-07-14 | 1975-03-19 | Marconi Co Ltd | Dipole aerial arrangements |
| US3845490A (en) * | 1973-05-03 | 1974-10-29 | Gen Electric | Stripline slotted balun dipole antenna |
| US4353072A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-10-05 | Raytheon Company | Circularly polarized radio frequency antenna |
| EP0085486A1 (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1983-08-10 | The Marconi Company Limited | Antenna arrangement |
| GB2191044A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1987-12-02 | Gen Electric Co Plc | Antenna arrangement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE68925005T2 (en) | 1996-05-09 |
| FR2634325B1 (en) | 1990-09-14 |
| FR2634325A1 (en) | 1990-01-19 |
| US5153602A (en) | 1992-10-06 |
| EP0354076B1 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
| DE68925005D1 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0089084B1 (en) | Flat microwave antenna structure | |
| US6300906B1 (en) | Wideband phased array antenna employing increased packaging density laminate structure containing feed network, balun and power divider circuitry | |
| CA2480588C (en) | Low-loss reconfigurable reflector network antenna | |
| EP0315141B1 (en) | Excitation arrangement of a circular polarised wave with a patch antenna in a waveguide | |
| EP0598656B1 (en) | Radiating element for an antenna array and sub-set with such elements | |
| EP0783189A1 (en) | Microwave planar antenna array for communicating with geostationary television satellites | |
| FR2863111A1 (en) | Multi-band aerial with double polarization includes three sets of radiating elements including crossed dipoles for maximum polarization decoupling | |
| EP0627783A1 (en) | Radiating multi-layer structure with variable directivity | |
| EP1690317B1 (en) | Multiband dual-polarised array antenna | |
| FR2763177A1 (en) | FILTER EMPLOYING A FREQUENCY SELECTIVITY SURFACE AND ANTENNA USING THE SAME | |
| FR2625616A1 (en) | FLAT ANTENNA | |
| EP1228552A1 (en) | Dual-frequency band printed antenna | |
| FR2632781A1 (en) | FLAT ANTENNA | |
| EP0252779A1 (en) | Aerial element with a suspended stripeline between two self-supporting ground planes provided with superimposed radiating slots, and processes for its manufacture | |
| FR2567685A1 (en) | PLANE ANTENNA FOR MICROWAVE | |
| FR2636780A1 (en) | CIRCULAR POLARIZATION DIPLEXING COMPOSITE ANTENNA | |
| EP0354076A1 (en) | Antenna with microwave energy distribution across triplate lines | |
| EP2009735A1 (en) | Antenna with diversity of polarisation for transmitting and/or receiving audio and/or video signals | |
| CA2808511C (en) | Flat antenna for a terminal operating in dual circular polarisation, airborne terminal and satellite telecommunication system featuring at least one antenna | |
| WO1991018428A1 (en) | Planar orientable antenna operating in the microwave band | |
| EP4117117A1 (en) | Antenna cell with transmitter network | |
| EP0477102B1 (en) | Directional network with adjacent radiator elements for radio communication system and unit with such a directional network | |
| WO2012041979A1 (en) | Compact high-gain antenna | |
| EP3900113A1 (en) | Elementary microstrip antenna and array antenna | |
| FR2808128A1 (en) | Mobile telephone cross polarisation monolithic antenna having radiating element base reflector mounted and having folded foot upper element/feed line connected |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE GB IT NL |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900621 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19921002 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: THOMSON-CSF |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE GB IT NL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19951206 |
|
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A. |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 68925005 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19960118 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19960122 |
|
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20070621 Year of fee payment: 19 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20070627 Year of fee payment: 19 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20070626 Year of fee payment: 19 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20080627 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090101 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080627 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080627 |