EP0352620A2 - Méthode et dispositif de régulation de la puissance de combustion d'installations de combustion - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif de régulation de la puissance de combustion d'installations de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0352620A2
EP0352620A2 EP89113259A EP89113259A EP0352620A2 EP 0352620 A2 EP0352620 A2 EP 0352620A2 EP 89113259 A EP89113259 A EP 89113259A EP 89113259 A EP89113259 A EP 89113259A EP 0352620 A2 EP0352620 A2 EP 0352620A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
zones
grate
individual
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89113259A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0352620B1 (fr
EP0352620A3 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Josef Edmund Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
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Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
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Publication date
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Application filed by Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik filed Critical Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Publication of EP0352620A2 publication Critical patent/EP0352620A2/fr
Publication of EP0352620A3 publication Critical patent/EP0352620A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0352620B1 publication Critical patent/EP0352620B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F23N5/102—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/20—Camera viewing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the fire performance of combustion systems with a combustion grate, in which the primary air supply is regulated differently zone by zone over the grate length.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the combustion process on a combustion grate is different over the length of the grate.
  • the fuel is dried and ignited near the task.
  • the fuel burns intensively, the intensity of which decreases towards the end of the grate, until shortly before the end of the grate only burned-out and cooled slag remains, which falls into a correspondingly designed discharge.
  • it is necessary to regulate the primary air supply differently. So far, this has been done by dividing it in the longitudinal direction below the grate Underwind zones are provided, to which different amounts of air are supplied in order to take into account the different combustion phases.
  • the regulation of the primary air supply to the individual underwind zones is carried out according to pre-calculated distribution curves and can also be adjusted to the prevailing conditions by observing the fire bed. It is also known to regulate the fire output control as a function of the O 2 moisture content measured in the combustion gases and / or the combustion chamber temperature and / or the steam mass flow. Here, too, you have to rely on a mathematically and empirically obtained distribution of the primary air volume in relation to the individual underwind zones.
  • a disadvantage of this type of fire performance control is the fact that the setting and distribution of the primary air based on the grate width was based on an average value of the fuel quality and that no consideration was given to different fuel qualities and fuel quantities based on the width. The consequence of this are locally different combustion behavior and changing excess air figures, which conflict with the attempt to achieve a uniform temperature profile in the combustion chamber of the incineration plant. This can have an adverse effect not only on the thermal behavior (efficiency) but also on the emission of harmful gases.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the fire performance control so that over the entire combustion grate surface regardless of the particular burning material quality and quantity of fuel, optimal combustion behavior and thus lower emission values, ie a lower environmental impact and the highest possible constant thermal efficiency, ie even steam production, is achieved.
  • the individual combustion zones can be monitored by measuring the temperature at a corresponding number of points above the combustion zones in the combustion chamber.
  • the monitoring of the individual combustion zones by means of a video or thermography camera respectively.
  • the device for carrying out the method with a combustion grate in which the primary air is supplied via underwind zones divided in the longitudinal direction of the combustion grate, is characterized in that the underwind zones are also divided in the transverse direction of the combustion grate and that a monitoring device for detecting the combustion behavior of the fuel is via the individual combustion zones assigned to the respective underwind zones is provided.
  • the monitoring device can comprise thermocouples assigned to the individual combustion zones, which makes it possible to record a temperature profile in the combustion chamber and to influence the primary air supply in the individual combustion zones accordingly. It is advantageous if the thermocouples are arranged between 5 and 15 m above the combustion zones.
  • the monitoring device preferably comprises a thermography or video camera, a monitor and a freely programmable computer which resolves the received image into individual image lines and pixels and the digital values thus obtained, which are a measure of the combustion bed temperature, the flame radiation or display the brightness on the respective combustion zone, compare it with specified guide values and trigger a corresponding control process in the event of a deviation.
  • This kind of surveillance is particularly advantageous because the monitoring can be directed to every single point on the combustion grate, which enables extremely sensitive control.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a combustion grate, which is denoted overall by 1.
  • a feed chute 2 is provided above a feed table 3, on which charging pistons 4 are provided for conveying the fuel onto the combustion grate.
  • the fuel is ignited on this, burned in the further course and finally on Rusting the slag discharged by means of a slag chute 5, which opens into a discharge device, not shown.
  • the combustion chamber above the combustion grate 1 is designated 6.
  • the combustion air is supplied as primary air by means of a blower 7 via a channel designated 8 to an underwind distributor generally designated 9.
  • individual air supply pipes denoted overall by 10
  • individual underwind zones 11 to 15 which are not only divided in the longitudinal direction of the combustion grate according to FIG. 1, but also, as can be seen from FIG. 2, in the transverse direction of the combustion grate into individual underwind zones and are designated with the letters a and b.
  • the duct system 10 has a correspondingly large number of air supply pipes 16, in which the air throughput can be regulated by means of regulating devices, which are shown schematically and provided with the reference number 17.
  • This measure divides the combustion grate into individual combustion zones that correspond to the underwind zones. This makes it possible to regulate each individual combustion zone in accordance with the amount of fuel present there and the fuel quality currently to be found and the combustion behavior of the fuel.
  • a monitoring device monitoring the combustion behavior on the combustion grate is required.
  • 3 and 4 and 5 show two different possibilities.
  • Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of a video or thermography camera 18, which is provided in the ceiling 19 of the accelerator cable 20.
  • the video camera or thermography camera 18 is oriented so that it can observe the combustion grate 1 from above through the combustion chamber 6.
  • This video camera is connected to a monitor 21 and to a freely programmable computer 22, which accordingly resolves the received image and compares the digital values thus obtained, which represent a measure of the brightness in the respective combustion zone, with predetermined guide values and, if there is a deviation, a corresponding control process triggers via a controller 23, which adjusts the control devices, which are designed as flaps or slides 17, in the air distribution pipes 16.
  • thermocouples 24 which output the measured values to a freely programmable computer 22, which uses a controller 23, as explained in connection with FIG. 3, to set the respective values Control devices 17 in the air supply lines 16 causes.
  • Fig. 5 gives an overview of the distribution of the individual thermocouples 24. From this it can be seen that the thermocouples are evenly distributed over the circumference of the throttle cable in order to be able to monitor as many combustion zones as possible. Both the thermocouples 24 and the video camera 18 are arranged at heights between 5 and 15 m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP89113259A 1988-07-29 1989-07-19 Méthode et dispositif de régulation de la puissance de combustion d'installations de combustion Expired - Lifetime EP0352620B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3825931A DE3825931A1 (de) 1988-07-29 1988-07-29 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der feuerungsleistung von verbrennungsanlagen
DE3825931 1988-07-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0352620A2 true EP0352620A2 (fr) 1990-01-31
EP0352620A3 EP0352620A3 (fr) 1990-11-22
EP0352620B1 EP0352620B1 (fr) 1996-11-06

Family

ID=6359911

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89113259A Expired - Lifetime EP0352620B1 (fr) 1988-07-29 1989-07-19 Méthode et dispositif de régulation de la puissance de combustion d'installations de combustion

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4953477A (fr)
EP (1) EP0352620B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2703808B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8903837A (fr)
CA (1) CA1323801C (fr)
DE (1) DE3825931A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK172041B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2012438T3 (fr)
SG (1) SG47789A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991003686A1 (fr) * 1989-09-11 1991-03-21 Technologie Transfer Establishment Procede pour l'etude de processus de combustion sous pression d'hydrogene/oxygene a combustion st×chiometrique sous hautes pressions
FR2661733A1 (fr) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-08 Perin Freres Ets Procede et dispositif de controle et de commande de la combustion d'un combustible solide qui se deplace en nappe dans un foyer.
NL9301826A (nl) * 1993-10-21 1995-05-16 Burnham Europa Bv Branderinrichting met regeling van de lucht/brandstof-verhouding en werkwijze voor het regelen van de lucht/brandstof-verhouding.
DE4428159A1 (de) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-15 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zur Regelung der Feuerung bei Verbrennungsanlagen, insbesondere Abfallverbrennungsanlagen
EP0718553A1 (fr) 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 ABB Management AG Méthode pour combustion d'ordures
DE4191444C2 (de) * 1990-05-08 1997-03-20 Babcock & Wilcox Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Profilbestimmung des Bettes eines Ofens
EP0766080A1 (fr) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-02 FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO Système et procédé pour surveiller une combustion et des polluants à l'aide de diodes laser
AT402555B (de) * 1992-09-04 1997-06-25 August Dr Raggam Verbrennungseinrichtung
EP0802372A1 (fr) * 1996-04-17 1997-10-22 BFI Automation Dipl.-Ing. Kurt-Henry Mindermann GmbH Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un processus de combustion dans une chaudière
EP1046861A1 (fr) 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 ABB Alstom Power (Schweiz) AG Procédé pour le réglage automatique de la combustion d'un incinerateur d'ordures
EP1048900A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-11-02 ORFEUS Combustion Engineering GmbH Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la combustion d' un combustible avec un pouvoir calorifique variable
FR3048278A1 (fr) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 La Bonne Chauffe Dispositif de regulation continue de la puissance d'un systeme de chauffage et procede associe
EP3865771A3 (fr) * 2020-02-14 2021-09-15 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de combustion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4220149C2 (de) * 1992-06-19 2002-06-13 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zum Regelung der Verbrennung von Müll auf einem Rost einer Feuerungsanlage und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US5249954A (en) * 1992-07-07 1993-10-05 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Integrated imaging sensor/neural network controller for combustion systems
SG47890A1 (en) * 1993-04-20 1998-04-17 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Method for burning fuels particularly for incinerating garbage
DE4344906C2 (de) * 1993-12-29 1997-04-24 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Regeln einzelner oder sämtlicher die Verbrennung auf einem Feuerungsrost beeinflussender Faktoren
DE4404418C2 (de) * 1994-02-11 1997-10-23 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Brenngut, insbesondere Müll
TW352346B (en) * 1997-05-29 1999-02-11 Ebara Corp Method and device for controlling operation of melting furnace
US7007616B2 (en) * 1998-08-21 2006-03-07 Nathaniel Energy Corporation Oxygen-based biomass combustion system and method
US20010027737A1 (en) * 1998-08-21 2001-10-11 Stan E. Abrams Gasifier system and method
WO2001065178A1 (fr) * 2000-02-28 2001-09-07 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Systeme de combustion thermique de matiere, telle que des dechets
DE10050575C5 (de) * 2000-10-12 2009-10-29 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Abfallprodukten
DE10327471B3 (de) * 2003-06-18 2005-04-07 Sar Elektronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regeln der Feuerleistung von Verbrennungsanlagen
SE527375C2 (sv) * 2004-10-14 2006-02-21 Sture Lindstroem Rost och brännare innefattande en sådan rost
NL1027661C2 (nl) * 2004-12-06 2006-06-07 Nem Energy Services B V Luchtregeling.
IT1395108B1 (it) * 2009-07-28 2012-09-05 Itea Spa Caldaia
US10928066B2 (en) * 2019-02-13 2021-02-23 Eco Burn Inc. System and method for the advanced control of nitrogen oxides in waste to energy systems
CN111947463B (zh) * 2020-08-11 2022-06-14 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 一种烧结机料面图像分析系统及方法

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6136612A (ja) * 1984-07-28 1986-02-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ごみ焼却炉の燃焼制御方法
JPS6136611A (ja) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ごみ焼却炉の燃焼制御方法
US4737844A (en) * 1986-01-27 1988-04-12 Oy Nokia Ab Method for the generation of real-time control parameters for smoke-generating combustion processes by means of a video camera
EP0317731B1 (fr) * 1987-10-24 1992-06-03 Kurt-Henry Dipl.-Ing. Mindermann Procédé de contrôle de la combustion de carburant possédant un pouvoir calorifique fortement variable

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DD30822A (fr) *
DE30822C (de) * J. E. REINECKER in Chemnitz Drehbank zur Herstellung von Gewindeschneide-Bohrern
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JPS5837415A (ja) * 1981-08-28 1983-03-04 株式会社　タクマ 低ＮＯｘ用ごみ焼却炉
US4473013A (en) * 1982-07-08 1984-09-25 Clear Air, Inc. Incinerator steam generation system
CH659121A5 (de) * 1983-06-08 1986-12-31 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Brennkammer fuer feste brennstoffe.
DE3616630A1 (de) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Krupp Polysius Ag Kuehlvorrichtung
DE3834368A1 (de) * 1987-10-24 1989-05-03 Mindermann Kurt Henry Muellverbrennungsanlage
US4838183A (en) * 1988-02-11 1989-06-13 Morse Boulger, Inc. Apparatus and method for incinerating heterogeneous materials

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6136611A (ja) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ごみ焼却炉の燃焼制御方法
JPS6136612A (ja) * 1984-07-28 1986-02-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ごみ焼却炉の燃焼制御方法
US4737844A (en) * 1986-01-27 1988-04-12 Oy Nokia Ab Method for the generation of real-time control parameters for smoke-generating combustion processes by means of a video camera
EP0317731B1 (fr) * 1987-10-24 1992-06-03 Kurt-Henry Dipl.-Ing. Mindermann Procédé de contrôle de la combustion de carburant possédant un pouvoir calorifique fortement variable

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 10, no. 191 (M-495)(2247) 04 Juli 1986, & JP-A-61 36611 (KAWASAKI HEAVY IND) 21 Juni 1986, *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 10, no. 191 (M-495)(2247) 04 Juni 1986, & JP-A-61 36612 (KAWASAKI HEAVY IND) 21 Februar 1986, *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991003686A1 (fr) * 1989-09-11 1991-03-21 Technologie Transfer Establishment Procede pour l'etude de processus de combustion sous pression d'hydrogene/oxygene a combustion st×chiometrique sous hautes pressions
FR2661733A1 (fr) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-08 Perin Freres Ets Procede et dispositif de controle et de commande de la combustion d'un combustible solide qui se deplace en nappe dans un foyer.
DE4191444C2 (de) * 1990-05-08 1997-03-20 Babcock & Wilcox Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Profilbestimmung des Bettes eines Ofens
AT402555B (de) * 1992-09-04 1997-06-25 August Dr Raggam Verbrennungseinrichtung
NL9301826A (nl) * 1993-10-21 1995-05-16 Burnham Europa Bv Branderinrichting met regeling van de lucht/brandstof-verhouding en werkwijze voor het regelen van de lucht/brandstof-verhouding.
DE4428159A1 (de) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-15 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zur Regelung der Feuerung bei Verbrennungsanlagen, insbesondere Abfallverbrennungsanlagen
DE4428159C2 (de) * 1994-08-09 1998-04-09 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zur Regelung der Feuerung bei Verbrennungsanlagen, insbesondere Abfallverbrennungsanlagen
EP0718553A1 (fr) 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 ABB Management AG Méthode pour combustion d'ordures
US5813767A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-09-29 Finmeccanica S.P.A. Azienda Ansaldo System and a method for monitoring combustion and pollutants in a thermal plant by means of laser diodes
EP0766080A1 (fr) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-02 FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO Système et procédé pour surveiller une combustion et des polluants à l'aide de diodes laser
EP0802372A1 (fr) * 1996-04-17 1997-10-22 BFI Automation Dipl.-Ing. Kurt-Henry Mindermann GmbH Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un processus de combustion dans une chaudière
EP1046861A1 (fr) 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 ABB Alstom Power (Schweiz) AG Procédé pour le réglage automatique de la combustion d'un incinerateur d'ordures
EP1048900A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-11-02 ORFEUS Combustion Engineering GmbH Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la combustion d' un combustible avec un pouvoir calorifique variable
DE19919222C1 (de) * 1999-04-28 2001-01-11 Orfeus Comb Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zum Steuern der Verbrennung von Brennstoff mit variablem Heizwert
FR3048278A1 (fr) * 2016-02-25 2017-09-01 La Bonne Chauffe Dispositif de regulation continue de la puissance d'un systeme de chauffage et procede associe
EP3865771A3 (fr) * 2020-02-14 2021-09-15 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8903837A (pt) 1990-03-20
US4953477A (en) 1990-09-04
DK374489D0 (da) 1989-07-28
DK374489A (da) 1990-01-30
DK172041B1 (da) 1997-09-22
ES2012438A4 (es) 1990-04-01
CA1323801C (fr) 1993-11-02
EP0352620B1 (fr) 1996-11-06
EP0352620A3 (fr) 1990-11-22
JPH0278819A (ja) 1990-03-19
DE3825931A1 (de) 1990-02-01
ES2012438T3 (es) 1996-12-16
SG47789A1 (en) 1998-04-17
JP2703808B2 (ja) 1998-01-26
DE3825931C2 (fr) 1991-02-21

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