EP0351474A1 - Glasfaserrost aus sich kreuzenden durch Pultrusion hergestellten Glasfaserroststäben - Google Patents

Glasfaserrost aus sich kreuzenden durch Pultrusion hergestellten Glasfaserroststäben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0351474A1
EP0351474A1 EP88401895A EP88401895A EP0351474A1 EP 0351474 A1 EP0351474 A1 EP 0351474A1 EP 88401895 A EP88401895 A EP 88401895A EP 88401895 A EP88401895 A EP 88401895A EP 0351474 A1 EP0351474 A1 EP 0351474A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bars
cross
bearing
inverted
oblique
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88401895A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0351474B1 (de
Inventor
Robert E. Myers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Myers Robert E
Original Assignee
Myers Robert E
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Myers Robert E filed Critical Myers Robert E
Priority to DE88401895T priority Critical patent/DE3878903T2/de
Publication of EP0351474A1 publication Critical patent/EP0351474A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0351474B1 publication Critical patent/EP0351474B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D28/00—Producing nets or the like, e.g. meshes, lattices
    • B29D28/005—Reticulated structure comprising reinforcements of substantial or continuous length
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/42—Gratings; Grid-like panels
    • E04C2/421—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction
    • E04C2/422—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction with continuous bars connecting at crossing points of the grid pattern
    • E04C2/423—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction with continuous bars connecting at crossing points of the grid pattern with notches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/10—Cords, strands or rovings, e.g. oriented cords, strands or rovings
    • B29K2105/101—Oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/20—Inserts
    • B29K2105/206—Meshes, lattices or nets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a molded fiberglass reinforced grating and more particularly to a grating formed of pultruded fiberglass reinforced resin grating bars which are mechanically interlocked.
  • Fiberglass reinforced resin grating structures are currently in vogue since the encapsulating resin is highly corrosion resistant, offers significantly high resistance to fire and may be used in environments where sparking will not be tolerated as for instance in the liquid hydrocarbon processing field or for decks in marine vessels and the like.
  • such fiberglass grating has been manufactured by compression molding of right angle intersecting cross bars with appropriate glass fiber strands within the mold cavities to provide the necessary glass fiber reinforcement
  • the size of grating sections is relatively small due to the limitations on the size of compression mold and on the mechanism for laying up the reinforcing glass fibers, within the mold cavities.
  • a number of bearing bars which may be from six inches to 240 inches in length and manufac­tured by pultrusion, are positioned side-by-side, parallel to each other and laterally spaced by several inches. Holes are predrilled through the sides of the bearing bars at longitudinally spaced positions and the grating is assembled by inserting standard cross tie rods through the aligned holes of respective bearing bar.
  • the tie rods are of circular cross section and have a diameter on the order of that of the holes drilled or otherwise formed within the bearing bars.
  • Suitable adhesives are employed for adhesively locking the tie rods to the bearing bars in the areas of intersection. Problems of hole alignment occur. Such gratings are costly due to the dimensional tolerances needed to ensure proper coupling between the tie rods and the bearing bars and the prealignment needed between the rods and holes, prior to rod insertion. Additionally, the holes are drilled through the sides of the bearing bar along the longitudinal center line measurably weakening the bearing bars and thus limiting the overall strength of the completed grating to resist torsion, bending and the like loads.
  • a fiberglass reinforced molded resin grating is formed of first and second sets of mutually parallel, interlocking fiber­glass reinforced molded resin bars which sets extend transverse to one another.
  • the first set of bars comprises underlying bearing bars of rectangular cross section having opposite sides and upper and lower edges, being of a thickness T and having a height H.
  • Each bearing bar includes at longitudinally spaced positions within said upper edge, inverted U-shaped notches of vertical depth D including oppositely, downwardly and outwardly oblique slots.
  • Said oblique slots terminate adjacent the upper edge of the bearing bar in outwardly and upwardly diverging, oppositely oblique cam surfaces which are spaced apart at the top edge by a distance W ⁇ .
  • the second set of interlocking fiberglass reinforced molding bars constitute cross bars, are of inverted U-shaped cross section including inwardly, a horizontal base portion and a pair of downwardly and outwardly diverging legs of a thickness equal to the width of the diverging slots of the inverted U-shaped notches within the bearing bar.
  • the cross bars are of a vertical height H ⁇ in excess of the vertical depth D of the inverted U-shaped notches within the bearing bar.
  • the cross bars have a flat horizontal upper edge, and oblique outwardly diverging sides with the cross bars including, at longitudinally spaced positions, rectangular locking notches within respective legs.
  • the locking notches are of a width W′ which is generally equal to the thickness T of each bearing bar and of a height H′ which is less than the vertical height H ⁇ of the cross bar.
  • the locking notches form laterally opposed vertical edges which contact the opposite sides of the bearing bar and form horizontal edges for the rectangular locking notches within the legs of the cross bar which are spaced laterally from each other by a distance S which is less than the distance W ⁇ between the upper edges of the oppositely oblique camming surfaces at the upper ends of the oblique slots of the inverted U-shaped notches within the bearing bar.
  • the portion of the cross bar legs above the locking notches are deflected inwardly during forceable insertion of the cross bars, at the locking notches, into the inverted U-shaped notches of the bearing bars by the camming action of said camming surfaces at the upper ends of the bearing bar oblique slots.
  • Momentarily deformation of the cross bar legs permits entry thereof into the inverted U-shaped notch slots of the bearing bar.
  • the cross bars are thus joined to the bearing bars with the faces of the oblique legs of the cross bars flush with the oblique surfaces of the downwardly and outwardly oblique slots within the bearing bar, thereby preventing removal of the cross bars from the bearing bar inverted U-shaped notches, after completion of the assembly of the grating.
  • the grating 10 to which the invention is particularly adapted is shown in part in the drawings as formed of a plurality of preferably pultrusion drawn fiberglass reinforced molded resin grating bars disposed in a cross-like pattern.
  • the grating 10 is comprised of a plurality of spaced, parallel bearing bars indicated generally at 12 and spaced, parallel cross bars 14 arranged so that the upper edges 18, 22, respectively are disposed in the same horizontal plane and together present a flat supporting surface.
  • the bars 12, 14 are secured together by a mechanical interlock resulting from a deformation provided to the cross bars 14 at the area of inter­section with the bearing bars 12, at longitudinally spaced posi­tions the bearing bars 12 are somewhat more massive than the cross bars 14; they have a rectangular cross section with a thickness T which is several times the height H of the bearing bars.
  • the bearing bars 12 are formed with opposite vertical side faces or surfaces 16, an upper edge or top surface 18 and a bottom edge or bottom surface 20. At longitudinally spaced positions, and within the upper edge 18, there are formed inverted U-shaped notches, indicated generally at 20, with diverging diagonal slots 20a, 20b, which open at the top to an enlarged recess or opening 20c forming the base portion of the inverted U-shaped notch 20.
  • the slots 20a, 20b diverge away and downwardly from the upper edge 18 such that they are at an angle ⁇ with respect to a vertical line which is perpendicular to the upper edge 18 of the bearing bar within which the inverted U-shaped notches are formed.
  • the edges of the oblique slots 20a, 20b, where they meet the top edge 18 of the bearing bar are beveled outwardly and away from each other to form camming surfaces 21 for camming inwardly, the opposed sides 24 of cross bar 14 when a cross bar 14 is mechanically coupled to a bearing bar 12 in each area of intersection between the cross bars and bearing bars.
  • each cross bar 14 is provided with a series of rectangular locking notches, indicated generally at 30, at longitudinally spaced locations along each cross bar 14. They are of a given vertical height H′ and of given longitudinal width W ⁇ .
  • the width W of the notch 30 corresponds to the thickness T of the bearing bar 12 and the vertical height from the lower edge 34 of the cross bar to its upper edge 22 is equal to the vertical depth D of the oblique slots, 20a, 20b of the inverted U-shaped notch 20 within the bearing bar 12.
  • Each cross bar 14 is also preferably of pultruded fiberglass reinforced molded resin and has an inverted U-shaped cross sectional configuration which matches that of the inverted U-shaped notch 20 within the bearing bar 12, with the exception that the overall height H ⁇ of the cross bar 14 is in excess of the depth D of the inverted U-shaped notch 20.
  • the cross bars 14 are formed with oblique diverging legs 29 forming oblique sides 24 which are at an angle ⁇ with the perpendicular to the upper edge 22 of the cross bar 14. Preferably angle ⁇ equals 10°.
  • a longitudinal slot 26 is formed within the lower edge 34 of each cross bar and gives to each cross bar a cross sectional configu­ration which is of inverted U-shape similar to that of the U-shaped notches 20 within each bearing bar 12.
  • the configuration provides the oblique legs 29 which extend from and are integral with a horizontal or transverse base 28 from which the legs 29 depend.
  • the configuration and size of the cross bar is similar to that of the inverted U-shaped notch 20.
  • the lateral width W′ of each rectangular locking notch 30 within the cross bar legs 24 is equal to the thickness T of the bearing bar such that, when mechanically linked as shown in Figure 1, the laterally opposed, vertical edges 36 of the inner rectangular locking notch 30 abut opposite, vertical side faces 16 of the bearing bar.
  • the horizontal edge 38 of the rectangular locking notches 30 mate with the bottom surfaces 40 of the oblique slots 20a, 20b with the bearing bar 12.
  • the distance S between edges 32 of the cross bar 14 is less than the distance W ⁇ between the upper edges of the camming surfaces 21 for slots 20.
  • the dotted line position shown in Figure 2 for the legs 29, indicates the effect created by contact of the edges 32 of the cross bar at each locking notch 30, when pressed downwardly into contact with the oblique camming surfaces 21 formed by the inverted U-shaped notches 20 within the bearing bar, at longitudinally spaced positions.
  • the cross bars 14 being notched at 30 as per the drawings, when forced down, into place within the bearing bar notches 20, cause local distortion of the cross bar legs to permit the cross bar sides 24 to enter the inverted U-shaped notch cross bar receiving area in the bearing bars 12 at points of intersection between the cross bars and the bearing bars.
  • the rectangular locking notch 30 in the cross bar 14 prevents the cross bar 14 from shifting along its axis thereby maintaining a preset center to center distance between bearing bars. This occurs because the opposed side walls 36 of each notch 30 engage the respective sides 16 of the bearing bar at areas immediately below the bottoms 40 of the oblique slots 20a, 20b of the inverted U-shaped notch 20.
  • the 10° oblique incline given to the cross bar legs 30 prevents the cross bar 14 from rising back out of the 10° slots 20a, 20b, after being forced into those slots 20a, 20b by the camming action between edges 32 of the rectangular locking notch 30, and the oblique camming surfaces 21 at the upper ends of slots 20a, 20b at each inverted U-shaped notch 20 of the bearing bar.
  • the inverted U-shaped notches 20 are of an appropriate depth D and the rectan­gular locking notches 30 are of an appropriate height H′ above the lower edge 34 of the cross bar to ensure that the upper edge 32 of the cross bar is flush with the upper edge 18 of the bearing bar at each cross connection.
  • an appropriate adhesive is employed for adhesively fixing the cross bar to the drawing bar at the notched intersections between those two members, i.e., at each cross point between a crossing bar 14 and an underlying bearing bar 12.
  • the construction of the grating 10 provides a very strong structure which can be quickly assembled without a special tool and in which the bars are securely mechan­ically and interlocked and braced against each other at the areas of intersection due to the interlocking relationship of notches 20, 30. Coupling is effected, via the resilience of the cross bar legs 29 which allows momentarily mechanical deformation, and then return to original oblique divergence of the legs 29 to prevent the cross bars 14 from simply lifting out of the inverted U-shaped notches 20 within the bearing bars receiving the same.
  • the deflection from diverging 10° to generally right angle position with respect to the upper edge 22 of the cross bar is achieved due to the inherent resiliency of the pultrusion molded fiberglass reinforced resin cross bars 14 whose configuration is likewise of inverted U-shape. In effect, a "snap locking" action occurs with the cross bar reverting to its original configuration, once seated, as indicated to the left in Figure 1.
  • the cross bars 14 may have an overall vertical height of .5 inches, the lateral width at the upper edge may be 0.515 inches, the transverse width of the locking notches may be 0.370 inches with a vertical height of 0.14 inches and the width of of the oblique legs may be 0.125 inches.
  • the bearing bars may be of a vertical height equal to 1.5 inches, with a thickness equal to 0.365 inches.
  • the notch dimensions correspond exactly to the width and leg thickness dimensions of the cross bar inverted U-shaped cross sectional dimensions.
  • a circular arc at a 0.1875 radius is employed to form the portion of the notch recess joining the oblique slots.
  • the overall depth of the notches within the upper edge of the bearing bar may be equal to 0.34 inches and the oblique camming surfaces 21 at the upper ends of the oblique slots being at an angle of 140° with respect to the legs of the slots.
  • the oblique slots 20a, 20b are at an angle ⁇ of 10° corresponding to the oblique angle ⁇ given to the legs of the inverted U-shaped cross bars 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
EP88401895A 1987-04-27 1988-07-21 Glasfaserrost aus sich kreuzenden durch Pultrusion hergestellten Glasfaserroststäben Expired - Lifetime EP0351474B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE88401895T DE3878903T2 (de) 1987-04-27 1988-07-21 Glasfaserrost aus sich kreuzenden durch Pultrusion hergestellten Glasfaserroststäben.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/042,904 US4760680A (en) 1987-04-27 1987-04-27 Fiberglass grating formed of interlocked pultruded fiberglass grating bars

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0351474A1 true EP0351474A1 (de) 1990-01-24
EP0351474B1 EP0351474B1 (de) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=21924360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88401895A Expired - Lifetime EP0351474B1 (de) 1987-04-27 1988-07-21 Glasfaserrost aus sich kreuzenden durch Pultrusion hergestellten Glasfaserroststäben

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4760680A (de)
EP (1) EP0351474B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3878903T2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110475934A (zh) * 2017-02-13 2019-11-19 丹尼斯·勒布朗格 金属框架自锁连接器

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US4976221A (en) * 1987-07-28 1990-12-11 Yetter Lloyd E Facility for livestock, fowl and other animals
US5067418A (en) * 1990-07-24 1991-11-26 Reusable Rolls, Inc. Recyclable paperboard pallet
US5225020A (en) * 1991-08-20 1993-07-06 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Pultrusion mandrel with integral, intercooled resin injector and method of using the same
US5865007A (en) * 1997-10-27 1999-02-02 Composite Structures International, Inc. Integrally molded reinforced grating
US6447876B1 (en) * 1999-06-28 2002-09-10 Goodrich Corporation Composite intake louver
US6694697B2 (en) * 2001-10-09 2004-02-24 John D. Shepherd Grating with crimped intersections
AU2002352732A1 (en) 2001-11-16 2003-06-10 First Solar, Llc Photovoltaic array
US6617507B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2003-09-09 First Solar, Llc Photovoltaic array
US20030127637A1 (en) * 2002-01-04 2003-07-10 Douglas Fenwick Large offset lattice fence
US6672026B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2004-01-06 Creative Pultrusions, Inc. Pultruded I-bar with clip fittings enabling automated grating panel assembly
US6959517B2 (en) * 2003-05-09 2005-11-01 First Solar, Llc Photovoltaic panel mounting bracket
US20060218872A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Bigott James W Non-slip floor grating and method of manufacturing
WO2007141035A1 (de) * 2006-06-08 2007-12-13 Mea Polymer Beton B.V. Rostabdeckung und verfahren zur herstellung von rostabdeckungen aller belastungsklassen und nennweiten
US7549260B2 (en) * 2007-01-03 2009-06-23 Shepherd John D Grille
US20090175679A1 (en) * 2008-01-03 2009-07-09 Bretford Manufacturing, Inc. Joint configuration for metal tubes
US8659499B1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2014-02-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Fastener-less joint for radar array
US8733053B2 (en) * 2011-06-13 2014-05-27 Arktura Llc System and method for a supported architectural design
US9163402B2 (en) * 2011-06-13 2015-10-20 Arktura Llc Suspended architectural structure
DE102014101322B4 (de) * 2014-02-04 2018-05-30 ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft Abdeckrost

Citations (2)

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US2420112A (en) * 1941-11-01 1947-05-06 Elmer W Utzler Method of making gratings having interlocked bars
US4727704A (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-03-01 Fibergrate Corporation Grating structure and method for assembly

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US2509732A (en) * 1946-09-23 1950-05-30 Smith Corp A O Grating construction
GB789008A (en) * 1954-12-11 1958-01-15 John William Edward Bettles Improvements in open steel flooring, stair treads or the like
GB929494A (en) * 1959-09-25 1963-06-26 Allan Kennedy & Co Ltd Improved grating or floor panel
US3044586A (en) * 1960-05-27 1962-07-17 Cassels Charles Wellman Floor-like structure construction
US3308594A (en) * 1963-06-10 1967-03-14 United States Steel Corp Slotted panel assembly
FR1447952A (fr) * 1964-08-05 1966-08-05 Panneau de revêtement de sol et éléments à verrouillage mutuel pour sa constitution
US3540178A (en) * 1967-03-31 1970-11-17 Ulma Spa Open work grille structure
US3748814A (en) * 1971-09-16 1973-07-31 Capitol Prod Corp Decorative metal grid system for windows
US3927624A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-12-23 Kenneth E Hewson Knock down pallet
US3927950A (en) * 1975-01-24 1975-12-23 G S Beckwith Gilbert Half-lapped tube joint
DE2606349A1 (de) * 1976-02-18 1977-08-25 Hans Keller Abrollbare bewehrungsmatte fuer stahlbeton-massivplatten
GB2106948A (en) * 1981-09-22 1983-04-20 Brian Harmer Metal floor-grating

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2420112A (en) * 1941-11-01 1947-05-06 Elmer W Utzler Method of making gratings having interlocked bars
US4727704A (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-03-01 Fibergrate Corporation Grating structure and method for assembly

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110475934A (zh) * 2017-02-13 2019-11-19 丹尼斯·勒布朗格 金属框架自锁连接器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4760680A (en) 1988-08-02
DE3878903D1 (de) 1993-04-08
DE3878903T2 (de) 1993-10-07
EP0351474B1 (de) 1993-03-03

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