EP0350797B1 - Drawing frame for spinning machines - Google Patents

Drawing frame for spinning machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0350797B1
EP0350797B1 EP89112413A EP89112413A EP0350797B1 EP 0350797 B1 EP0350797 B1 EP 0350797B1 EP 89112413 A EP89112413 A EP 89112413A EP 89112413 A EP89112413 A EP 89112413A EP 0350797 B1 EP0350797 B1 EP 0350797B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
roller
pair
fibre
fiber
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EP89112413A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0350797A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Wehrli
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Priority to AT89112413T priority Critical patent/ATE94224T1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/26—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by one or more endless aprons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/20—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by contact with stationary or reciprocating surfaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a drafting system for spinning machines, in particular for spinning machines for the production of finer yarns from short staple fibers, for example jet spinning machines for processing fibers up to a fiber length of 60 mm, the application to other spinning machines (for example ring spinning machines) and in the processing of longer fibers is also provided and claimed accordingly.
  • a drafting device is usually used to refine this structure before the actual spinning. It is known, for example from our European patent EP-B-107 828, that fiber guidance in the last draft zone of the drafting system is particularly important when producing finer yarns.
  • the patent mentioned accordingly proposes an offset arrangement of the aprons, which brings clear advantages over a known double apron drafting system. With this drafting system, the ambient air flow of the rotating rollers is practically kept away from the converging space of the pair of delivery rollers, so that the uneven fiber spreading and detachment of the edge fibers of the fiber sliver is substantially prevented.
  • a double apron drafting system is the current standard version for ring spinning machines. It is therefore only natural to use such well-known drafting arrangement for the newer spinning processes, for example for nozzle spinning.
  • some disadvantages have to be accepted, in particular the problems of periodically replacing the lower apron, which in the whole Arrangement is not easy to get out or easy to reinsert.
  • a drafting device for stretching bast fibers such as jute or flax is known from British patent GB-A 883 823, which, as is known, has a much longer pile length than cotton.
  • the drafting system consists of a pair of feed rollers, an apron stretched over two rollers and a middle roller pressing against the apron.
  • the drawn fibers are drawn off with a subsequent pair of delivery rollers.
  • a curved breast plate is provided between the pair of feed rollers and the apron in order to deflect the fibers and thus slow them down during warping.
  • the sliver can also be formed by a condenser in front of the pair of feed rollers before entering the nip line. Such a drafting system is therefore unsuitable for the warping of short staple fibers.
  • the invention accordingly relates to a drafting system for a fine spinning machine with a delivery roller pair containing a converging space and an upstream work group with a large roller and an apron moved by a smaller roller.
  • the delivery roller pair mentioned and the work group mentioned can together represent the last draft zone of the drafting system, although this is not essential to the invention in the broadest sense.
  • the inventive drafting device is characterized in that a fiber guiding element is arranged between the work group and the pair of rollers, which deflects the fiber stream to be drawn over its surface facing away from the apron, before the fiber stream enters the converging space of the pair of delivery rollers in such a way that the fiber guiding element passes through the Rotational movement of the air currents generated in a targeted manner.
  • the guide element thus provides the fibers with a guide surface between the outlet of the upstream work group and the inlet, usually the clamping line, of the subsequent pair of rollers. This surface should be curvilinear in the direction of the fiber flow. The easiest way is to have a constant radius, but more complicated shapes can also be used to achieve better guidance.
  • the guide element can be in the form of a rod that can be inserted between the working groups. In cross section, however, the element could also be strip-shaped.
  • fiber guide element is not necessarily to be understood as an “element from one piece”.
  • the element can be formed from a plurality of mutually cooperating components.
  • the provision of interruptions in the fiber guide surface will prove to be disadvantageous, however, since single fibers can be clamped in such interruptions.
  • the fiber guide element is thus arranged such that it causes the fibers supplied by the upstream work group to be stripped off the roller of this work group, but without touching this roller, in order to guide the fibers into the converging space of the subsequent pair of rollers.
  • the wiping and guiding function of the fiber guiding element depends on the air balance, i.e. on the air currents within the space between the working groups.
  • the guide element is also designed as a limiting element in order to limit the width of the fiber stream in the transverse direction, that is to say the guide element also serves as a fiber condenser.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically in cross section a two-zone drafting system of a spinning machine with a pair of input rollers 2, a pair of delivery rollers 4 and an intermediate work group 6.
  • the latter consists of a roller 8, for example in the form of a section of a cylinder extending over the length of the machine or else can also be designed as a roller provided for each spinning position.
  • An apron 10 cooperates with the roller 8 to form the work group 6.
  • the drafting arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is a so-called KEPA drafting system, for example from the book “The drafting systems of spinning machines” by Dr. Ing. W. Wegener (1965 edition, Springer Verlag, page 315), known for ring spinning or flyer spinning in the long-stack area.
  • this arrangement has the disadvantage of poorer fiber guidance between the outlet of the work group 6 and the inlet of the pair of delivery rollers 4, that is to say between the last contact line X of the apron 10 with the roller 8 and the clamping line Y des Delivery roller pair 4.
  • the poorer fiber guidance is due to a geometrically determined, uncontrolled length of the fiber assembly between the work group 6 and the delivery roller pair 4. This arrangement is therefore unsuitable for so-called nozzle spinning, since this spinning process is intended in particular for the production of finer yarns.
  • a nozzle element D is only indicated with a dashed line in FIG. 1, since this invention is not restricted to use in connection with nozzle spinning.
  • so-called false twist spinning in general, that is to say whether or not nozzles are used to produce the false twist effect.
  • the changes to this state of the art to be described can also be of advantage in the classic spinning process (ring spinning).
  • FIG. 2 shows a first further development of the arrangement of the prior art shown in FIG. 1. Since the delivery roller pair 4, roller 8 and apron 10 are essentially unchanged from FIG. 1, the same reference numerals have been used in FIG. 2 (and later also in FIGS. 3 and 4). Between the outlet X and the inlet Y, however, a guide element 12 is now switched on in order to guide the fibers to be drawn in this second zone of the drafting system.
  • the element consists of a D-shaped rod, with the flat surface of this rod facing up (i.e. facing strappy 10) and the curved surface of the rod facing down (i.e. facing strappy 10).
  • the roller 8 and the lower roller of the delivery pair 4 rotate in the counterclockwise direction, as indicated by arrows on these rollers.
  • the rotation of the roller 8 produces a shortly after the exit line X.
  • Air flow L which also flows counterclockwise according to FIG. 2.
  • the rotation of the lower roller of the pair of rollers 4 generates an air flow S which also flows counterclockwise according to FIG. 2, but flows in the opposite direction to the flow L.
  • the fibers (not shown) emerging from the working group 6 initially try to follow the air flow L and move along the surface of the roller 8.
  • the effect of the flow L diminishes shortly after passing the guide element 12, while the effect of the flow S, which is much stronger due to the process, builds up in this area.
  • the fibers are stripped from the roller 8 by this air flow and placed over the curved surface of the rod 12 on the surface of the lower delivery roller and thereby conveyed into the clamping line Y. Accordingly, the effect of the guide element 12 is mainly to design the air balance within the space between the working groups 6 and 4 and in particular to enable the desired stripping or import air flows.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the new drafting arrangement, the only difference compared to the arrangement from FIG. 2 being that the rod 12A is round (instead of D-shaped) in cross section. The effect is the same.
  • FIG. 3A shows a further advantageous modification in that the rod 12A has a smaller diameter in its fiber-carrying working area than in its end area.
  • the annular surfaces 16 thus serve as fiber flow limiting means, which define the maximum width B of the fiber stream (the sliver to be drawn) in the second zone of the drafting system.
  • the part of the smaller diameter can be cylindrical (solid lines) or concave or convex (dashed) or with a shape that has different curvatures.
  • the fiber distribution at the outlet roller pair 4 can thus be influenced.
  • the rod 12A is preferably arranged in a stationary manner in order to make the drafting arrangement simple.
  • the rod 12A could, however, be rotated about its own longitudinal axis during operation.
  • the rod 12A is rotated clockwise as shown in Figure 3, the associated air flows will increase the flows L and S already mentioned.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further variant, according to which the guide element 12B in the form of a curved plate between the work groups 6 and 4 is switched on. The effect is the same as that of the arrangement of FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 5 shows (still in a simplified, schematic representation) a practical example of the new drafting system.
  • Each bottom roller 2A, 8, 4A is on one corresponding drive shaft 20, 22, 24 carried in the machine frame (not shown).
  • the upper rollers 2B, 26.4B are each held on a shoulder 30, 32, 34 carried by a pendulum arm 28.
  • the arm 28 is pivotable about the axis 36 to open the drafting system or to press the upper rollers against the lower rollers.
  • a support plate 31 is mounted on the arm and carries three bolts 33 running parallel to the axis 36.
  • the lugs 30, 32, 34 are each pivotably suspended on a bolt 33 and are biased by spring-loaded elements 35 against the lower rollers 2A, 8.4A (only the biasing elements 35 for the lugs 30 and 34 are visible in FIG. 5).
  • the strap 10 runs around the top roller 26 and a guide bridge 38, which is also carried by the pendulum arm 28 over the carrier plate 31.
  • the bridge 38 is also rotatably mounted on a pin 37 which is biased against the roller 8 by its own loading element 39 (only indicated schematically).
  • the rollers are overhung on their carrier attachments.
  • the guide rod 12A (according to FIGS. 3 and 3A) could also be carried by the pendulum arm 28 via a corresponding approach, not shown, in such a way that the rod with the arm 28 pivots about the axis 36.
  • the rod is preferably mounted in the machine frame in such a way that distances a, b between the rod 12A and the rollers 8, 4A remain. These distances are preferably in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, the roller 8 for processing short staple fibers having a diameter of 50 to 60 mm and the roller 4A having a diameter of 25 to 30 mm.
  • the roller 8 can have a diameter of approximately 150 mm.
  • Fig. 5 also shows schematically a suction device 40 for leading away any fibers which adhere to the surfaces of the rollers 8 and 4A.
  • a condenser K (dashed) can be arranged in front of the pair of insertion rollers 2 in order to feed a sliver (not shown) to be stretched cleanly and with a width determined by the condenser into the drafting system.
  • a nozzle D (indicated only by dashed lines) takes over the fibers from the pair of delivery rollers 4.
  • the distances between the outlet of the working group 6 and the guide element 12 and, on the other hand, between the element 12 and the inlet of the working group 4 are chosen to be as small as the geometry of the arrangement and the dimensions of the elements allow.
  • the roller 8 in the KEPA drafting system must be designed as a so-called "adhesive roller". It is made of rubber or steel or another material with a treated surface to optimize the fiber adhesion. In the case of a steel roller, the desired adhesive effect can be achieved by sandblasting or a coating (e.g. plasma or diamond coating).

Abstract

In a KEPA drawing frame, a fibre guide element (12) is inserted between the roller (8) and the pair of delivery rollers (4). <IMAGE>

Description

Diese Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Streckwerk für Spinnmaschinen insbesondere für Spinnmaschinen zur Herstellung von feineren Garnen aus Kurzstapelfasern, zum Beispiel Düsenspinnmaschinen zur Verarbeitung von Fasern bis zu 60 mm Faserlänge, wobei die Anwendung auf andere Spinnmaschinen (z.B. Ringspinnmaschinen), und bei der Verarbeitung längerer Fasern auch vorgesehen und entsprechend beansprucht wird.This invention relates to a drafting system for spinning machines, in particular for spinning machines for the production of finer yarns from short staple fibers, for example jet spinning machines for processing fibers up to a fiber length of 60 mm, the application to other spinning machines (for example ring spinning machines) and in the processing of longer fibers is also provided and claimed accordingly.

Wo ein Garn aus einem kontinuierlichen Fasergebilde (Band/Lunte/Vorgarn), ohne ein "offenes Ende", herzustellen ist, wird meistens ein Streckwerk zur Verfeinerung dieses Gebildes vor dem eigentlichen Spinnen eingesetzt. Dabei ist es zum Beispiel aus unserem europäischen Patent EP-B-107 828 bekannt, dass bei der Herstellung feinerer Garne die Faserführung im letzten Verzugsfeld des Streckwerkes besonders wichtig ist. Das erwähnte Patent schlägt demgemäss eine versetzte Anordnung der Riemchen vor, die gegenüber einem bekannten Doppelriemchenstreckwerk eindeutige Vorteile bringt. Bei diesem Streckwerk wird die Umgebungsluftströmung der rotierenden Walzen vom konvergierenden Raum des Lieferwalzenpaares praktisch ferngehalten, so dass das ungleichmässige Faserabspreizen und Loslösen der Randfasern des Faserbandes im wesentlichen unterbunden wird.Where a yarn is to be produced from a continuous fiber structure (ribbon / sliver / roving) without an "open end", a drafting device is usually used to refine this structure before the actual spinning. It is known, for example from our European patent EP-B-107 828, that fiber guidance in the last draft zone of the drafting system is particularly important when producing finer yarns. The patent mentioned accordingly proposes an offset arrangement of the aprons, which brings clear advantages over a known double apron drafting system. With this drafting system, the ambient air flow of the rotating rollers is practically kept away from the converging space of the pair of delivery rollers, so that the uneven fiber spreading and detachment of the edge fibers of the fiber sliver is substantially prevented.

Ein Doppelriemchenstreckwerk stellt die heutige Standardausführung für Ringspinnmaschinen dar. Es ist demgemäss naheliegend, solche wohlbekannten Streckwerkanordnungen auch für die neueren Spinnverfahren zum Beispiel für das Düsenspinnen einzusetzen. Dabei müssen aber einige Nachteile in Kauf genommen werden, insbesondere die Probleme des periodischen Ersetzens vom Unterriemchen, das in der ganzen Anordnung weder leicht herauszuholen noch leicht neu einzuführen ist.A double apron drafting system is the current standard version for ring spinning machines. It is therefore only natural to use such well-known drafting arrangement for the newer spinning processes, for example for nozzle spinning. However, some disadvantages have to be accepted, in particular the problems of periodically replacing the lower apron, which in the whole Arrangement is not easy to get out or easy to reinsert.

Andere Streckwerkanordnungen sind zwar bekannt und haben gegenüber dem Doppelriemchenstreckwerk verschiedene Vorteile, sind aber bislang nicht in der Lage, die technologische Leistung (,insbesondere die Faserführung), des Doppelriemchenstreckwerks zu erreichen.Other drafting arrangements are known and have various advantages over the double apron drafting system, but have so far not been able to achieve the technological performance (in particular the fiber guidance) of the double apron drafting system.

Ferner ist aus dem britischen Patent GB-A 883 823 ein Streckwerk zum Verstrecken von Bastfasern wie Jute oder Flachs bekannt, welche bekanntlich wesentlich grössere Stapellänge als Baumwolle aufweisen. Das Streckwerk besteht aus einem Einzugswalzenpaar, einem auf zwei Walzen aufgespannten Riemchen und einer gegen das Riemchen drückenden mittleren Walze. Mit einem nachfolgenden Lieferwalzenpaar werden die verstreckten Fasern abgezogen. Zwischen dem Einzugswalzenpaar und dem Riemchen ist eine gekrümmte Brustplatte vorgesehen, um die Fasern auszulenken und damit beim Verzug abzubremsen. Das Faserband kann ferner durch einen Kondensor vor dem Einzugswalzenpaar geformt werden, bevor es in die Klemmlinie hineingeht. Ein solches Streckwerk ist daher für den Verzug von Kurzstapelfasern ungeeignet.Furthermore, a drafting device for stretching bast fibers such as jute or flax is known from British patent GB-A 883 823, which, as is known, has a much longer pile length than cotton. The drafting system consists of a pair of feed rollers, an apron stretched over two rollers and a middle roller pressing against the apron. The drawn fibers are drawn off with a subsequent pair of delivery rollers. A curved breast plate is provided between the pair of feed rollers and the apron in order to deflect the fibers and thus slow them down during warping. The sliver can also be formed by a condenser in front of the pair of feed rollers before entering the nip line. Such a drafting system is therefore unsuitable for the warping of short staple fibers.

Andererseits gibt es die sogenannten KEPA-Streckwerke mit einer grossen Haftwalze und einem Oberriemchen, das diese Walze zu einem Drittel umschlingt (vgl. z.B. das Buch "Die Streckwerke der Spinnereimaschinen" von Dr. Ing. W. Wegener, Seite 315 - Springer-Verlag, 1965).On the other hand, there are the so-called KEPA drafting systems with a large adhesive roller and a top strap, which wraps around one third of this roller (see, for example, the book "Die Streckwerke der Spinnereimaschinen" by Dr. Ing. W. Wegener, page 315 - Springer-Verlag , 1965).

Es ist nun Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Faserführung einer der erwähnten Alternativlösungen (des sogenannten KEPA-Streckwerkes) derart zu verbessern, dass die technologische Leistung der neuen Anordnung derjenigen des Doppelriemchenstreckwerkes mindestens gleichkommt und gleichzeitig die betrieblichen Vorteile der Alternativlösung (des KEPA-Streckwerkes) gegenüber dem Doppelriemchenstreckwerk beizubehalten.It is an object of the present invention to improve the fiber guidance of one of the alternative solutions mentioned (the so-called KEPA drafting system) in such a way that the technological performance of the new arrangement is at least equivalent to that of the double apron drafting system and at the same time to maintain the operational advantages of the alternative solution (the KEPA drafting system) compared to the double apron drafting system.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich demnach auf ein Streckwerk für eine Feinspinnmaschine mit einem einen konvergierenden Raum beinhaltenden Lieferwalzenpaar und einer vorgeschalteten Arbeitsgruppe mit einer grossen Walze und einem von einer kleineren Walze bewegten Riemchen. Das erwähnte Lieferwalzenpaar und die genannte Arbeitsgruppe können zusammen das letzte Verzugsfeld des Streckwerkes darstellen, wobei dies zur Erfindung im breitesten Sinn nicht wesentlich ist.The invention accordingly relates to a drafting system for a fine spinning machine with a delivery roller pair containing a converging space and an upstream work group with a large roller and an apron moved by a smaller roller. The delivery roller pair mentioned and the work group mentioned can together represent the last draft zone of the drafting system, although this is not essential to the invention in the broadest sense.

Das erfinderische Streckwerk ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Faserführungselement zwischen der Arbeitsgruppe und dem Walzenpaar angeordnet ist, welches den zu verstreckenden Faserstrom über dessen dem Riemchen abgewandte Oberfläche umlenkt, bevor der Faserstrom in den konvergierenden Raum des Lieferwalzenpaares gelangt derart, daß das Faserführungselement die durch die Drehbewegung der Walzen entstehenden Luftströmungen gezielt verstärkt. Das Führungselement bietet somit den Fasern eine Führungsfläche zwischen dem Auslauf der vorgeschalteten Arbeitsgruppe und dem Einlauf, normalerweise der Klemmlinie, des nachfolgenden Walzenpaares. In Richtung des Faserstromes sollte diese Fläche krummlinig sein. Am einfachsten hat die Fläche einen konstanten Radius, aber es können auch kompliziertere Formen zur Erzielung einer verbesserten Führung benützt werden.The inventive drafting device is characterized in that a fiber guiding element is arranged between the work group and the pair of rollers, which deflects the fiber stream to be drawn over its surface facing away from the apron, before the fiber stream enters the converging space of the pair of delivery rollers in such a way that the fiber guiding element passes through the Rotational movement of the air currents generated in a targeted manner. The guide element thus provides the fibers with a guide surface between the outlet of the upstream work group and the inlet, usually the clamping line, of the subsequent pair of rollers. This surface should be curvilinear in the direction of the fiber flow. The easiest way is to have a constant radius, but more complicated shapes can also be used to achieve better guidance.

Das Führungselement kann in der Form einer Stange sein, die zwischen den Arbeitsgruppen eingeführt werden kann. Im Querschnitt könnte das Element aber auch streifenförmig sein.The guide element can be in the form of a rod that can be inserted between the working groups. In cross section, however, the element could also be strip-shaped.

Der Ausdruck "Faserführungselement" ist in diesem Zusammenhang nicht unbedingt als ein "Element aus einem Stück" zu verstehen. Das Vorsehen eines Elementes aus einem Stück ist zwar bevorzugt, aber das Element kann aus einer Mehrzahl von miteinander zusammenarbeitenden Bestandteilen gebildet werden. Das Vorsehen von Unterbrechungen in der Faserführungsfläche wird sich aber wohl als nachteilig erweisen, da Einzelfasern in solchen Unterbrechungen geklemmt werden können.In this context, the term “fiber guide element” is not necessarily to be understood as an “element from one piece”. The provision of a one-piece element is preferred, but the element can be formed from a plurality of mutually cooperating components. The provision of interruptions in the fiber guide surface will prove to be disadvantageous, however, since single fibers can be clamped in such interruptions.

Das Faserführungselement ist somit derart angeordnet, dass es das Abstreifen der von der vorgeschalteten Arbeitsgruppe gelieferten Fasern von der Walze dieser Arbeitsgruppe bewirkt, allerdings ohne diese Walze zu berühren, um die Fasern in den konvergierenden Raum des nachfolgenden Walzenpaares zu führen. Dabei ist die Abstreif- und Führungsfunktion des Faserführungselementes vom Lufthaushalt abhängig, das heisst von den Luftströmungen innerhalb des zwischen den Arbeitsgruppen vorhandenen Raumes.The fiber guide element is thus arranged such that it causes the fibers supplied by the upstream work group to be stripped off the roller of this work group, but without touching this roller, in order to guide the fibers into the converging space of the subsequent pair of rollers. The wiping and guiding function of the fiber guiding element depends on the air balance, i.e. on the air currents within the space between the working groups.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Form wird das Führungselement auch als Begrenzungselement ausgebildet, um die Breite des Faserstroms in der Querrichtung zu begrenzen, das heisst das Führungselement dient auch als ein Faserkondensor.In a particularly advantageous form, the guide element is also designed as a limiting element in order to limit the width of the fiber stream in the transverse direction, that is to say the guide element also serves as a fiber condenser.

Die Erfindung wird nun durch Beispiele anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
im Querschnitt ein sogenanntes KEPA-Streckwerk, gemäss dem Stand der Technik,
Fig. 2
das Lieferwalzenpaar mit der ihn vorgeschalteten Arbeitsgruppe eines Streckwerkes gemäss dieser Erfindung mit einer ersten Art des Faserführungselementes,
Fig. 3 und 4
weitere Varianten des Führungselementes für ein Streckwerk, welches sonst gemäss Fig.2 ausgeführt worden ist, wobei Fig.3A eine mögliche Ausführung der Variante von Fig.3 darstellt, und
Fig. 5
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer praktischen Ausführung gemäss dem Prinzip von Fig.2.
The invention will now be explained in more detail by examples with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
in cross-section a so-called KEPA drafting system, according to the state of the art,
Fig. 2
the pair of delivery rollers with the upstream working group of a drafting system according to this invention with a first type of fiber guide element,
3 and 4
further variants of the guide element for a drafting system, which was otherwise carried out according to FIG. 2, FIG. 3A representing a possible embodiment of the variant from FIG. 3, and
Fig. 5
a schematic side view of a practical embodiment according to the principle of Figure 2.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch im Querschnitt ein Zweizonenstreckwerk einer Spinnmaschine mit einem Eingangswalzenpaar 2, einem Lieferwalzenpaar 4 und einer dazwischenliegenden Arbeitsgruppe 6. Letztere besteht aus einer Walze 8, die zum Beispiel in Form einer Teilstrecke eines sich über die Länge der Maschine erstreckenden Zylinders oder aber auch als eine pro Spinnposition vorgesehene Walze ausgeführt werden kann. Ein Riemchen 10 arbeitet mit der Walze 8 zusammen, um die Arbeitsgruppe 6 zu bilden.Fig. 1 shows schematically in cross section a two-zone drafting system of a spinning machine with a pair of input rollers 2, a pair of delivery rollers 4 and an intermediate work group 6. The latter consists of a roller 8, for example in the form of a section of a cylinder extending over the length of the machine or else can also be designed as a roller provided for each spinning position. An apron 10 cooperates with the roller 8 to form the work group 6.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Streckwerkanordnung ist als sogenanntes KEPA-Streckwerk zum Beispiel aus dem Buch "Die Streckwerke der Spinnereimaschinen" von Dr. Ing. W. Wegener (Ausgabe 1965, Springer Verlag, Seite 315), für das Ringspinnen oder Flyerspinnen im Langstapelgebiet bekannt. Insbesondere in Zusammenhang mit dem Spinnen feinerer Garne im Kurzstapelgebiet ergibt diese Anordnung den Nachteil einer schlechteren Faserführung zwischen dem Auslauf der Arbeitsgruppe 6 und dem Einlauf des Lieferwalzenpaares 4, das heisst zwischen der letzten Kontaktlinie X des Riemchens 10 mit der Walze 8 und der Klemmlinie Y des Lieferwalzenpaares 4. Die schlechtere Faserführung ist auf eine geometrisch bedingte, zu grosse unkontrollierte Länge des Faserverbandes zwischen der Arbeitsgruppe 6 und dem Lieferwalzenpaar 4 zurückzuführen. Diese Anordnung ist daher für das sogenannte Düsenspinnen ungeeignet, da dieses Spinnverfahren insbesondere für die Herstellung von feineren Garnen gedacht ist.The drafting arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is a so-called KEPA drafting system, for example from the book "The drafting systems of spinning machines" by Dr. Ing. W. Wegener (1965 edition, Springer Verlag, page 315), known for ring spinning or flyer spinning in the long-stack area. Particularly in connection with the spinning of finer yarns in the short staple area, this arrangement has the disadvantage of poorer fiber guidance between the outlet of the work group 6 and the inlet of the pair of delivery rollers 4, that is to say between the last contact line X of the apron 10 with the roller 8 and the clamping line Y des Delivery roller pair 4. The poorer fiber guidance is due to a geometrically determined, uncontrolled length of the fiber assembly between the work group 6 and the delivery roller pair 4. This arrangement is therefore unsuitable for so-called nozzle spinning, since this spinning process is intended in particular for the production of finer yarns.

Dabei wird das vom Lieferwalzenpaar 4 austretende Vorgarn von einem Düsensystem aufgenommen und zu einem Garn gedreht. Ein Düsenelement D ist in Fig. 1 nur mit gestrichelter Linie angedeutet, da diese Erfindung nicht auf die Anwendung im Zusammenhang mit dem Düsenspinnen eingeschränkt ist. Die gleichen Bemerkungen gelten für das sogenannte Falschdrallspinnen im allgemeinen, das heisst gleichgültig ob Düsen zum Hervorbringen der Falschdrallwirkung benützt werden oder nicht. Die nun zu beschreibende Aenderungen gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik können aber auch im klassischen Spinnverfahren (Ringspinnen) von Vorteil sein.The roving emerging from the pair of delivery rollers 4 is picked up by a nozzle system and turned into a yarn. A nozzle element D is only indicated with a dashed line in FIG. 1, since this invention is not restricted to use in connection with nozzle spinning. The same remarks apply to so-called false twist spinning in general, that is to say whether or not nozzles are used to produce the false twist effect. The changes to this state of the art to be described can also be of advantage in the classic spinning process (ring spinning).

Fig. 2 zeigt eine erste Weiterentwicklung der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Anordnung des Standes der Technik. Da das Lieferwalzenpaar 4, Walze 8 und Riemchen 10 gegenüber Fig. 1 im wesentlichen unverändert sind, wurden die gleichen Bezugszeichen in Fig. 2 (und später auch in Fig. 3 und 4) verwendet. Zwischen dem Auslauf X und den Einlauf Y ist aber nun ein Führungselement 12 eingeschaltet, um die zu verstreckenden Fasern in dieser zweiten Zone des Streckwerkes zu führen. Das Element besteht aus einer D-förmigen Stange, wobei die ebene Fläche dieser Stange nach oben (d.h. dem Riemchen 10 zugewendet) ist und die gekrümmte Fläche der Stange nach unten (d.h. dem Riemchen 10 abgewendet) ist. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass die aus der Arbeitsgruppe 6 austretenden Fasern der gekrümmten Fläche der Stange 12 in den konvergierenden Raum und damit in die Klemmlinie des Lieferwalzenpaares 4 folgen. Ohne den Schutzumfang einzuschränken, wird die nachfolgende Erklärung dieses unerwarteten Phänomens angeboten.FIG. 2 shows a first further development of the arrangement of the prior art shown in FIG. 1. Since the delivery roller pair 4, roller 8 and apron 10 are essentially unchanged from FIG. 1, the same reference numerals have been used in FIG. 2 (and later also in FIGS. 3 and 4). Between the outlet X and the inlet Y, however, a guide element 12 is now switched on in order to guide the fibers to be drawn in this second zone of the drafting system. The element consists of a D-shaped rod, with the flat surface of this rod facing up (i.e. facing strappy 10) and the curved surface of the rod facing down (i.e. facing strappy 10). Experiments have shown that the fibers emerging from the working group 6 follow the curved surface of the rod 12 into the converging space and thus into the nip line of the pair of delivery rollers 4. Without restricting the scope of protection, the following explanation of this unexpected phenomenon is offered.

Mit Blickrichtung der Fig. 2 drehen sich die Walze 8 und die Unterwalze des Lieferpaares 4 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn wie mit Pfeilen auf diesen Walzen angedeutet ist. Die Drehung der Walze 8 erzeugt kurz nach der Auslauflinie X eine Luftströmung L, welche gemäss Fig. 2 auch im Gegenuhrzeigersinn fliesst. Die Drehung der Unterwalze des Walzenpaares 4 erzeugt eine Luftströmung S, die auch gemäss Fig. 2 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn, aber der Strömung L entgegengerichtet fliesst. Die aus der Arbeitsgruppe 6 austretenden Fasern (nicht gezeigt) versuchen vorerst der Luftströmung L zu folgen und bewegen sich an der Oberfläche der Walze 8 entlang. Die Wirkung der Strömung L lässt aber kurz nach dem Vorbeifahren am Führungselement 12 nach, während die Wirkung der prozessbedingt viel stärkeren Strömung S sich in diesem Gebiet aufbaut. Die Fasern werden durch diese Luftströmung von der Walze 8 abgestreift und über die gekrümmte Fläche der Stange 12 auf die Oberfläche der unteren Lieferwalze gelegt und dadurch in die Klemmlinie Y gefördert. Demgemäss besteht die Wirkung des Führungselementes 12 hauptsächlich darin, den Lufthaushalt innerhalb des Raumes zwischen den Arbeitsgruppen 6 und 4 zu gestalten und insbesondere die erwünschten Abstreif- bzw. Einfuhrluftströmungen zu ermöglichen.2, the roller 8 and the lower roller of the delivery pair 4 rotate in the counterclockwise direction, as indicated by arrows on these rollers. The rotation of the roller 8 produces a shortly after the exit line X. Air flow L, which also flows counterclockwise according to FIG. 2. The rotation of the lower roller of the pair of rollers 4 generates an air flow S which also flows counterclockwise according to FIG. 2, but flows in the opposite direction to the flow L. The fibers (not shown) emerging from the working group 6 initially try to follow the air flow L and move along the surface of the roller 8. However, the effect of the flow L diminishes shortly after passing the guide element 12, while the effect of the flow S, which is much stronger due to the process, builds up in this area. The fibers are stripped from the roller 8 by this air flow and placed over the curved surface of the rod 12 on the surface of the lower delivery roller and thereby conveyed into the clamping line Y. Accordingly, the effect of the guide element 12 is mainly to design the air balance within the space between the working groups 6 and 4 and in particular to enable the desired stripping or import air flows.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere Variante des neuen Streckwerkes, wobei der einzige Unterschied gegenüber der Anordnung von Fig. 2 darin liegt, dass die Stange 12A im Querschnitt rund (statt D-förmig) ist. Die Wirkung ist gleich. Fig. 3A zeigt aber eine weitere vorteilhafte Modifikation indem die Stange 12A in ihrem faserführenden Arbeitsbereich einen kleineren Durchmesser als in ihrem Endbereich aufweist. Die ringförmigen Flächen 16 dienen somit als Faserstrombegrenzungsmittel, das die maximale Breite B des Faserstromes (der zu verstreckenden Lunte) in der zweiten Zone des Streckwerkes definiert. Der Teil des kleineren Durchmessers kann zylindrisch sein (voll ausgezogene Linien) oder konkav bzw. konvex (gestrichelt) oder aber mit einer Form, die verschiedene Krümmungen aufweist. Somit kann die Faserverteilung am Auslaufwalzenpaar 4 beeinflusst werden.FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the new drafting arrangement, the only difference compared to the arrangement from FIG. 2 being that the rod 12A is round (instead of D-shaped) in cross section. The effect is the same. FIG. 3A shows a further advantageous modification in that the rod 12A has a smaller diameter in its fiber-carrying working area than in its end area. The annular surfaces 16 thus serve as fiber flow limiting means, which define the maximum width B of the fiber stream (the sliver to be drawn) in the second zone of the drafting system. The part of the smaller diameter can be cylindrical (solid lines) or concave or convex (dashed) or with a shape that has different curvatures. The fiber distribution at the outlet roller pair 4 can thus be influenced.

Die Stange 12A ist vorzugsweise stationär angeordnet, um einen einfachen Aufbau des Streckwerkes zu ermöglichen. Die Stange 12A könnte aber um die eigene Längsachse im Betrieb gedreht werden. Wenn die Stange 12A gemäss Fig.3 im Uhrzeigersinn gedreht wird, werden die damit verbundenen Luftströmungen die schon erwähnten Strömungen L und S verstärken. Wenn die Stange 12A hingegen im Gegenuhrzeigersinn gedreht wird, wirkt sie den vorerwähnten Strömungen L und S entgegen, was wahrscheinlich Nachteile mit sich bringen würden. Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Variante, wonach das Führungselement 12B in Form einer gekrümmten Platte zwischen den Arbeitsgruppen 6 und 4 eingeschaltet ist. Die Wirkung ist gleich wie diejenige der Anordnung von Fig. 2.The rod 12A is preferably arranged in a stationary manner in order to make the drafting arrangement simple. The rod 12A could, however, be rotated about its own longitudinal axis during operation. When the rod 12A is rotated clockwise as shown in Figure 3, the associated air flows will increase the flows L and S already mentioned. Conversely, when the rod 12A is rotated counterclockwise, it counteracts the aforementioned flows L and S, which would likely have disadvantages. Fig. 4 shows a further variant, according to which the guide element 12B in the form of a curved plate between the work groups 6 and 4 is switched on. The effect is the same as that of the arrangement of FIG. 2.

Alle die gezeigten Ausführungen (Fig. 2 bis 4) haben krummlinige Führungsflächen mit einem konstanten Radius. Dies ist aber nicht wesentlich zur Erfindung. Der Radius der Führungsfläche könnte angepasst werden, um eine optimale Führung der Fasern zum Beispiel aus dem Auslauf der Arbeitsgruppe 6 und/oder in den Einlauf des Lieferwalzenpaares 4 zu ermöglichen. In allen dargestellten Varianten (inklusive derjenigen der noch zu beschreibenden Fig. 5) sind die Längsachsen (nicht besonders angedeutet) der Unterwalzen in einer Ebene angeordnet, obwohl der Durchmesser der Walze 8 viel grösser als derjenige der anderen beiden Unterwalzen ist. Dieses konstruktive Merkmal stellt eine Vereinfachung der Gesamtanordnung dar, ist aber nicht wesentlich - eine andere, brauchbare Anordnung wird im schon erwähnten Buch von Dr. Wegener gezeigt.All the versions shown (Fig. 2 to 4) have curvilinear guide surfaces with a constant radius. However, this is not essential to the invention. The radius of the guide surface could be adjusted in order to enable the fibers to be optimally guided, for example, from the outlet of the work group 6 and / or into the inlet of the delivery roller pair 4. In all of the variants shown (including that of FIG. 5 to be described later), the longitudinal axes (not particularly indicated) of the lower rollers are arranged in one plane, although the diameter of roller 8 is much larger than that of the other two lower rollers. This constructive feature represents a simplification of the overall arrangement, but is not essential - a different, usable arrangement is described in the book by Dr. Wegener shown.

Fig. 5 zeigt (noch in einer vereinfachten, schematischen Darstellung) ein praktisches Beispiel des neuen Streckwerkes. Jede Unterwalze 2A, 8, 4A ist auf einer entsprechenden, im Maschinengestell (nicht gezeigt) getragenen Antriebswelle 20,22,24 montiert. Die Oberwalzen 2B,26,4B sind je an einem von einem Pendelarm 28 getragenen Ansatz 30,32,34 gehalten. Der Arm 28 ist um die Achse 36 schwenkbar, um das Streckwerk zu öffnen, bzw. die Oberwalzen gegen die Unterwalzen zu drücken. Auf dem Arm ist eine Trägerplatte 31 montiert, welche drei parallel zur Achse 36 verlaufende Bolzen 33 trägt. Die Ansätze 30,32,34 sind schwenkbar je auf einem Bolzen 33 aufgehängt und durch federbelastete Elemente 35 gegen die Unterwalzen 2A,8,4A vorgespannt (nur die Vorspannungselemente 35 für die Ansätze 30 und 34 sind in Fig. 5 sichtbar).Fig. 5 shows (still in a simplified, schematic representation) a practical example of the new drafting system. Each bottom roller 2A, 8, 4A is on one corresponding drive shaft 20, 22, 24 carried in the machine frame (not shown). The upper rollers 2B, 26.4B are each held on a shoulder 30, 32, 34 carried by a pendulum arm 28. The arm 28 is pivotable about the axis 36 to open the drafting system or to press the upper rollers against the lower rollers. A support plate 31 is mounted on the arm and carries three bolts 33 running parallel to the axis 36. The lugs 30, 32, 34 are each pivotably suspended on a bolt 33 and are biased by spring-loaded elements 35 against the lower rollers 2A, 8.4A (only the biasing elements 35 for the lugs 30 and 34 are visible in FIG. 5).

Das Riemchen 10 läuft um die Oberwalze 26 und eine Führungsbrücke 38, die auch vom Pendelarm 28 über die Trägerplatte 31 getragen wird. Die Brücke 38 ist auch drehbar auf einem Stift 37 montiert, welcher durch ein eigenes Belastungselement 39 (nur schematisch angedeutet) gegen die Walze 8 vorgespannt wird. In der bevorzugten Variante sind die Walzen auf ihren Trägeransätzen fliegend gelagert.The strap 10 runs around the top roller 26 and a guide bridge 38, which is also carried by the pendulum arm 28 over the carrier plate 31. The bridge 38 is also rotatably mounted on a pin 37 which is biased against the roller 8 by its own loading element 39 (only indicated schematically). In the preferred variant, the rollers are overhung on their carrier attachments.

Die Führungsstange 12A (gemäss Fig. 3 und 3A) könnte auch vom Pendelarm 28 über einen entsprechenden, nicht gezeigten Ansatz derart getragen werden, dass sich die Stange mit dem Arm 28 um die Achse 36 schwenkt. Vorzugsweise ist die Stange aber im Maschinengestell montiert und zwar derart, dass Abstände a, b zwischen der Stange 12A und den Walzen 8, 4A bestehen bleiben. Vorzugsweise liegen diese Abstände im Bereich zwischen 0,1 mm und 0,5 mm, wobei die Walze 8 zur Verarbeitung von Kurzstapelfasern einen Durchmesser von 50 bis 60 mm auf die Walze 4A einen Durchmesser von 25 bis 30 mm aufweisen können. Zur Verarbeitung von Langstapelfasern kann die Walze 8 einen Durchmesser von ca. 150 mm aufweisen.The guide rod 12A (according to FIGS. 3 and 3A) could also be carried by the pendulum arm 28 via a corresponding approach, not shown, in such a way that the rod with the arm 28 pivots about the axis 36. However, the rod is preferably mounted in the machine frame in such a way that distances a, b between the rod 12A and the rollers 8, 4A remain. These distances are preferably in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, the roller 8 for processing short staple fibers having a diameter of 50 to 60 mm and the roller 4A having a diameter of 25 to 30 mm. For processing long staple fibers, the roller 8 can have a diameter of approximately 150 mm.

Fig. 5 zeigt auch schematisch eine Absaugung 40 zu Wegführen von etwaigen Fasern, die an den Oberflächen der Walzen 8 und 4A haften. Ein Kondensor K (gestrichelt) kann vor dem Einfuhrwalzenpaar 2 angeordnet werden, um eine zu verstreckende Lunte (nicht gezeigt) sauber und mit einer vom Kondensor bestimmten Breite in das Streckwerk zu führen. Eine Düse D (nur mit gestrichelten Linien angedeutet) übernimmt die Fasern vom Lieferwalzenpaar 4.Fig. 5 also shows schematically a suction device 40 for leading away any fibers which adhere to the surfaces of the rollers 8 and 4A. A condenser K (dashed) can be arranged in front of the pair of insertion rollers 2 in order to feed a sliver (not shown) to be stretched cleanly and with a width determined by the condenser into the drafting system. A nozzle D (indicated only by dashed lines) takes over the fibers from the pair of delivery rollers 4.

In allen Anordnungen werden die Abstände einerseits zwischen dem Auslauf der Arbeitsgruppe 6 und dem Führungselement 12 und andererseits zwischen dem Element 12 und dem Einlauf der Arbeitsgruppe 4 so klein gewählt, wie es die Geometrie der Anordnung und die Dimensionen der Elemente zulässt.In all arrangements, the distances between the outlet of the working group 6 and the guide element 12 and, on the other hand, between the element 12 and the inlet of the working group 4 are chosen to be as small as the geometry of the arrangement and the dimensions of the elements allow.

Die Walze 8 im KEPA-Streckwerk muss als eine sogenannte "Haftwalze" ausgeführt sein. Sie ist aus Gummi oder aber aus Stahl oder einem anderen Material mit einer behandelten Oberfläche um die Faserhaftwirkung zu optimieren. Bei einer Stahlwalze kann die erwünschte Haftwirkung durch Sandstrahlen oder eine Beschichtung (z.B. Plasma- bzw. Diamantbeschichtung) erzielt werden.The roller 8 in the KEPA drafting system must be designed as a so-called "adhesive roller". It is made of rubber or steel or another material with a treated surface to optimize the fiber adhesion. In the case of a steel roller, the desired adhesive effect can be achieved by sandblasting or a coating (e.g. plasma or diamond coating).

Claims (4)

  1. A drafting arrangement for a fine spinning frame with a pair of delivery rollers (4) comprising a converging space and a working group disposed in front of said rollers with a large roller (8) and an apron (10) moved by a smaller roller, characterized in that a fibre guiding element (12; 12A, 12B) is arranged between the working group (6) and the pair of rollers (4), which element deflects the fibre stream to be drafted over its surface averted from the apron (10) before the fibre stream reaches the converging space of the pair of delivery rollers, this being made in such a way that the fibre guiding element (12; 12A; 12B) meaningfully amplifies the air streams arising from the rotational movement of the rollers.
  2. A drafting arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the guiding element (12; 12A; 12B) is provided with a curved guiding surface.
  3. A drafting arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guiding element (12; 13A) additionally causes a limitation of the width of the fibre stream.
  4. A drafting arrangement as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the guiding element (12; 12A) is concave or convex in the fibre-limiting zone.
EP89112413A 1988-07-15 1989-07-07 Drawing frame for spinning machines Expired - Lifetime EP0350797B1 (en)

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AT89112413T ATE94224T1 (en) 1988-07-15 1989-07-07 DRAFTING DEVICE FOR SPINNING MACHINES.

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CH2723/88 1988-07-15
CH272388 1988-07-15

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JP (1) JPH0268317A (en)
KR (1) KR900001895A (en)
CN (1) CN1039632A (en)
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WO2011097746A1 (en) 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Drawing frame for a spinning machine

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EP1469107A3 (en) * 2003-04-15 2005-08-31 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Textile machine with a drafting arrangement
WO2011097746A1 (en) 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Drawing frame for a spinning machine

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ATE94224T1 (en) 1993-09-15
JPH0268317A (en) 1990-03-07
KR900001895A (en) 1990-02-27
US5048157A (en) 1991-09-17
EP0350797A1 (en) 1990-01-17
CN1039632A (en) 1990-02-14
DE58905513D1 (en) 1993-10-14

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