EP0349891B1 - Dispositif et procédé de décontamination de matières solides et/ou de matières en vrac et élimination des substances polluantes - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de décontamination de matières solides et/ou de matières en vrac et élimination des substances polluantes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0349891B1
EP0349891B1 EP19890111734 EP89111734A EP0349891B1 EP 0349891 B1 EP0349891 B1 EP 0349891B1 EP 19890111734 EP19890111734 EP 19890111734 EP 89111734 A EP89111734 A EP 89111734A EP 0349891 B1 EP0349891 B1 EP 0349891B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
noxious substances
chamber
heating furnace
furnace according
continuous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890111734
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0349891A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Roth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEKONTA GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKONTAMINATION MBH
Original Assignee
DEKONTA GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKONTAMINATION MBH
Dekonta Gesellschaft fur Dekontamination Mbh
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Application filed by DEKONTA GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKONTAMINATION MBH, Dekonta Gesellschaft fur Dekontamination Mbh filed Critical DEKONTA GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKONTAMINATION MBH
Priority to AT89111734T priority Critical patent/ATE71202T1/de
Publication of EP0349891A1 publication Critical patent/EP0349891A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F23G2201/101—Drying by heat using indirect heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/50—Devolatilising; from soil, objects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device by means of which inorganic materials which are contaminated by organic pollutants, e.g. chlorinated dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls or chlorinated hydrocarbons, are contaminated, can be almost completely freed from the pollutants; it also relates to a method for decontamination and removal or decomposition of the pollutants, which can be carried out by means of the device.
  • organic pollutants e.g. chlorinated dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls or chlorinated hydrocarbons
  • the method according to DE-PS 2735913 is based on this method, in which activated carbon particles are reactivated in an elongated combustion chamber without the activated carbon particles burning.
  • Infrared emitters infrared lamps are used to supplement the heat generated by combustion in this process.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a device in which moisture and pollutants are converted into the gas phase by indirect heating from contaminated material and in which the pollutants are destroyed thermally or oxidatively in a separate reaction chamber with one or more burners.
  • the present invention solves this problem by proposing a device in which a continuous furnace is provided, in which moisture and pollutants by indirect heating of the solid or piece goods (and corresponding desorption of the pollutants) with the help of radiation, for example infrared radiation, as a heat source the gas phase are transferred, and which has a separate reaction chamber with one or more burners, wherein the gas phase is a thermal or oxidative treatment to destroy the pollutants when the heat generated thereby is used directly, and optionally downstream devices for aftertreatment of the exhaust gases before they are discharged to the outside.
  • a continuous furnace in which moisture and pollutants by indirect heating of the solid or piece goods (and corresponding desorption of the pollutants) with the help of radiation, for example infrared radiation, as a heat source the gas phase are transferred, and which has a separate reaction chamber with one or more burners, wherein the gas phase is a thermal or oxidative treatment to destroy the pollutants when the heat generated thereby is used directly, and optionally downstream devices for aftertreatment of the exhaust gases before they are discharged to the outside.
  • the invention also relates to the method for decontamination and decomposition of the pollutants by means of the new device.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device in which the removal and removal of the moisture from the contaminated material is connected upstream of the pollutant drive in a separate chamber.
  • the radiator can be placed closer to the material to be treated in the part, since less cross-section is required for gas / steam discharge.
  • the contaminated material is in the container 1, which is brought into the continuous furnace 3 via the feeder 2.
  • the combustion chamber 6 acts as an infrared radiator.
  • a transport device guides the contaminated material through the furnace, at the end of which it is released into the cooling device 10 through a lock. From there, the decontaminated material reaches the collecting container 11. The coolant from the cooling device 10 is discharged via 12.
  • the gas phase in the continuous furnace 3, which contains moisture and pollutants, is conducted via line 5 into the combustion chamber 6 at one end.
  • the pollutant-free exhaust gas is passed through the pipe 8, possibly for further use of the heat content via the heat exchanger 8a, into the aftertreatment device 9, from there then into the open air.
  • the burners 7 are operated with conventional fuels, preferably with propane. They are expediently designed so that they can also be operated with the addition of pollutant-containing gas with a low calorific value.
  • the material entry from the container 1 into the continuous furnace 3 takes place, for example, with a metering belt which removes the contaminated material directly from the container or via an inlet chute, and a downstream entry lock with a distributor element above the furnace belt.
  • the entry lock takes over one of the essential separations of the (closed) furnace system from the environment.
  • the continuous furnace 3 preferably consists of a sheet steel housing with insulation made of lightweight ceramic materials, in which a conveyor belt made of thermally resilient material, for example a wire mesh belt, a plate belt or a trough belt is installed, which, preferably with chains on both sides or other devices, is guided exactly lengthways material containing pollutants feeds through the heating zones at an adjustable feed rate.
  • the heating takes place by means of the infrared radiation emanating from the combustion chamber 6 installed in the furnace.
  • the Combustion chamber 6 preferably consists of ceramic material or corrosion and heat-resistant metal alloys. It can be in one or more parts and have one or more burners 7. For example, the combustion chamber 6 can be divided into several interconnected chambers, each equipped with a separately controllable burner 7.
  • Burner 7 and chambers are designed so that surface temperatures between about 700 and 1200 ° C can be reached.
  • the combustion chamber itself thus acts as an infrared radiator and is used to heat the material entered in the continuous furnace 3, first for moisture removal up to about 250 ° C and then for pollutant removal at higher temperatures (up to about 850 ° C).
  • the continuous furnace 3 is divided into several temperature control zones, the temperature range of each zone between about 200 ° C and about 850 ° C can be adjusted precisely. If desired, 3 further heating elements are provided in the continuous furnace.
  • the elements 1 to 12 have the meaning given in Figure 1.
  • the continuous furnace is divided into two chambers (13 and 14), 13 for moisture removal (drying), 14 for desorption of the pollutants.
  • the steam is fed via line 15 to the combustion chamber (infrared radiator) 6 and mixed with the pollutant-containing gas from chamber 14.
  • a heating element is used, which is the waste heat of the Combustion chamber 6 is used.
  • a vacuum is used in the method according to the invention.
  • the vacuum can be reduced by conventional means, e.g. with a fan installed at a suitable point in the continuous furnace.

Claims (7)

1. Four de passage traversant (3) pour l'élimination de substances polluantes à partir de matières en vrac ou de matières solides qui comporte un dispositif de manutention (4) pour le transport de la matière en vrac ou de la matière solide et un dispositif pour la production d'un rayonnement infrarouge, avec l'aide duquel l'humidité et les substances polluantes ou nocives de la matière en vrac ou des matières solides sont transférées par réchauffement indirect dans la phase gazeuse et dans lequel est prévue une chambre réactionnelle séparée (6) avec un ou plusieurs brûleurs, dans laquelle les substances polluantes ou nocives sont décomposées thermiquement et par oxydation et une canalisation (5) pour l'amenée des substances polluantes ou nocives gazeuses provenant du four de passage continu jusque dans la zone réactionnelle (6), la zone réactionnelle (6) étant éventuellement raccordée à un dispositif pour le retraitement (9) des gaz d'échappement exempts de substances polluantes ou nocives avant leur évacuation à l'air libre.
2. Four de passage traversant selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les substances volatiles plus légères et l'humidité ainsi que les substances polluantes ou nocives volatiles plus lourdes sont amenées et évacuées dans les zones chauffées à une intensité différente, à une température progressivement croissante.
3. Four de passage traversant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une chambre (13) pour l'évacuation de l'humidité (séchage) et une chambre (14) pour l'évacuation des substances polluantes ou nocives.
4. Four de passage traversant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la chambre de combustion (6) est sous-divisée.
5. Four de passage continu selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque chambre partielle de la chambre de combustion (6) est munie d'au moins un brûleur réglable séparément.
6. Four de passage continu selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, dans lequel les brûleurs sont disposés de telle manière qu'ils peuvent être actionnés également sous mélange additionnel de gaz contenant des substances polluantes ou nocives à une valeur thermique inférieure.
7. Procédé pour la suppression de substances polluantes ou nocives à partir de matières en vrac ou de matières solides au moyen d'un four de passage continu selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le matériau contaminé est entraîné par un dispositif de transport à travers une chambre dans laquelle par chauffage indirect les substances polluantes ou nocives du matériau contaminé sont transformées en phase gazeuse, en ce que la phase gazeuse est amenée dans une zone réactionnelle séparée, comportant un ou plusieurs brûleurs, dans laquelle les substances polluantes ou nocives sont décomposées thermiquement ou par oxydation, et en ce que les gaz d'échappement sont éventuellement amenés par un dispositif de retraitement à l'air libre.
EP19890111734 1988-07-04 1989-06-28 Dispositif et procédé de décontamination de matières solides et/ou de matières en vrac et élimination des substances polluantes Expired - Lifetime EP0349891B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89111734T ATE71202T1 (de) 1988-07-04 1989-06-28 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur dekontamination von feststoffen bzw. schuettgut und beseitigung der schadstoffe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3822534 1988-07-04
DE3822534A DE3822534A1 (de) 1988-07-04 1988-07-04 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur dekontamination von feststoffen bzw. schuettgut und beseitigung der schadstoffe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0349891A1 EP0349891A1 (fr) 1990-01-10
EP0349891B1 true EP0349891B1 (fr) 1992-01-02

Family

ID=6357888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890111734 Expired - Lifetime EP0349891B1 (fr) 1988-07-04 1989-06-28 Dispositif et procédé de décontamination de matières solides et/ou de matières en vrac et élimination des substances polluantes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0349891B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04501305A (fr)
AT (1) ATE71202T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3822534A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2028418T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3003781T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990000237A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4206109C2 (de) * 1992-02-27 1994-09-01 Bruker Franzen Analytik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung fester Proben mit Hilfe pyrolytischer Verdampfung für eine Analyse mittels eines Massenspektrometers oder eines Gaschromatographen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3648630A (en) * 1970-05-20 1972-03-14 Shirco Inc Incinerator
US3780676A (en) * 1972-05-08 1973-12-25 Air Preheater Metallic recovery system
US4667609A (en) * 1986-09-08 1987-05-26 Robert Hardison Apparatus and method for treatment of soil contaminated with hydrocarbons
DE3635068A1 (de) * 1986-10-15 1988-04-21 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Verfahren und anlage zur kombinierten thermischen entsorgung von kontaminiertem boden, muell, sonderabfall, klaerschlamm und altoel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04501305A (ja) 1992-03-05
ATE71202T1 (de) 1992-01-15
WO1990000237A1 (fr) 1990-01-11
ES2028418T3 (es) 1992-07-01
DE58900659D1 (de) 1992-02-13
DE3822534A1 (de) 1990-01-11
GR3003781T3 (fr) 1993-03-16
EP0349891A1 (fr) 1990-01-10

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