Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
  • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
  • D02J13/006—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass in a fluid bed
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
  • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
  • D02J13/001—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass in a tube or vessel
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
  • D06B17/00—Storing of textile materials in association with the treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
  • D06B17/005—Storing of textile materials in association with the treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours in helical form
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
  • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
  • D06B23/14—Containers, e.g. vats
  • D06B23/16—Containers, e.g. vats with means for introducing or removing textile materials without modifying container pressure

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a continuous heat treatment process for textile yarns and in particular to thermofixing of these yarns, in which the yarns, previously deposited on a conveyor belt, are passed through an installation comprising several consecutive chambers adjacent to each other. others including at least one vaporization chamber.
• It also relates to an installation for continuously treating textile yarns, in particular for thermofixing these yarns, comprising several consecutive chambers adjacent to each other, at least one of which is a vaporization chamber and at least one conveyor belt on which these son and whose course crosses said chambers.
• the continuous heat-setting installations developed by the requester usually comprise a so-called vaporization or heat-setting enclosure and two chambers called cold rooms arranged on either side of the heat-setting chamber and each separated from the latter by an intermediate chamber.
• the vaporization enclosure is generally filled with saturated vapor under pressure, which is circulated through the carpet and the wires which it carries, the temperature being maintained at a determined temperature, greater than 100 ° C.
• the upstream and downstream cold rooms are advantageously connected together by a suitable conduit, to allow pressure balancing, and supplied with pressurized air by a blower which allows to create a slight overpressure compared to the average pressure prevailing inside. of the spray enclosure.
• the purpose of the overpressure cold rooms and of the intermediate rooms provided with airlocks is to avoid excessive losses of steam generated inside the vaporization enclosure, and consequently to reduce energy expenditure.
• the upstream cold room is relatively short and in principle has no particular function in the course of the wire treatment process, except that of preventing, as far as possible, steam leaks, thanks to the ambient overpressure.
• the average length of the upstream cold room is currently around 0.5 meters.
• the downstream chamber currently has a length of 2 meters since it plays an additional role compared to that of the upstream chamber, namely that of ensuring pre-cooling of the wires at the outlet of the vaporization enclosure.
• the evolution of the temperature in such a known installation is illustrated by FIG. 7 which will be described in detail below.
• the present invention proposes to overcome this drawback by providing various known installations to the known installations in order to avoid that different thermal shocks, undergone respectively during continuous operation and when the conveyor belt is stopped, are the cause of apparent faults on products manufactured using wires treated by the thermofixation installation.
• the method according to the invention is characterized in that a gradual increase in the temperature of the wires is brought upstream and / or downstream of the inlet of the vaporization chamber, so as to reduce the shock thermal undergone by the wires entering this room.
• a positive temperature gradient is produced in the direction of movement of the conveyor belt, in an upstream cold room adjacent to the inlet of the vaporization chamber.
• the upstream cold room is subdivided into several compartments successively crossed by the wires and different temperature conditions are maintained in these different compartments.
• a positive temperature gradient is produced inside the vaporization chamber in the direction of movement of the conveyor belt.
• a determined temperature gradient is imposed along at least part of the course of the carpet in now, in several consecutive chambers or in consecutive compartments formed in one or more chambers, respective temperatures which are different and gradually staggered.
• This air taken from the upper downstream zone is preferably heated or cooled by an external source before being reinjected at the bottom of the upstream part of the compartment concerned.
• the air is heated by a supply of steam or cooled by a supply of fresh air.
• the installation according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises means for creating a gradual increase in the temperature of the wires upstream and / or downstream of the inlet of the vaporization chamber, so as to reduce the shock thermal undergone by the wires entering this room.
• the upstream cold room has a length at least equal to that of the downstream cold room.
• This upstream cold room advantageously comprises at least two partitioned compartments and the last compartment, in the direction of circulation of the conveyor belt, is preferably equipped with means for raising the temperature of the ambient air to a value greater than that of the other compartments.
• the means for raising the temperature in the latter compartment may advantageously include a suction member for sucking air at the top of the downstream part of this compartment and for discharging it at the bottom of its upstream part, as well as a body of agency heater to raise the temperature of this air before re-injecting it into the compartment.
• the upstream cold room can contain at least two compartments arranged consecutively along and around the conveyor belt, each compartment being equipped with means for circulating a stream of air, or air and steam, through the carpet and the wire, means for heating or cooling this air, and control means for regulating the temperature and / or the flow of air.
• Each of said compartments can advantageously consist of a housing incorporated in a respective closed circuit.
• said means for heating the air may comprise a device for injecting a metered quantity of vapor into the air stream.
• the means for cooling this air may also include a device for injecting a metered quantity of cold air.
• the means for heating the air advantageously comprise at least one electric resistance heater disposed in said closed circuit.
• the upstream cold room contains a steam generator device located outside of said boxes, which have steam inlet orifices.
• the vaporization chamber comprises in the area near its entrance a tunnel arranged on the path of the conveyor belt, this tunnel comprising walls designed to constitute a heat shield for the transported wire.
• Said means for creating a temperature gradient in the vaporization chamber advantageously include a suction member for taking steam from the top of the downstream part of this chamber and for reinjecting it at the bottom of a central zone, and a body for heater arranged to raise the temperature of this vapor before it is reinjected into this chamber.
• the installation preferably comprises a first duct arranged to connect these two chambers together, this duct being connected to a second supply duct connected to a source of air under pressure, said second conduit being equipped with a valve controlled by a first regulator connected to at least two temperature probes disposed respectively in the two intermediate chambers, and to a pressure probe disposed in the vaporization chamber.
• the first conduit preferably opens into the upstream cold room inside the compartment located most upstream.
• the vaporization chamber advantageously contains a temperature probe connected to a second regulator arranged to control a valve mounted on the water vapor supply duct of this vaporization chamber, and said first and second regulators are preferably coupled together .
• an installation according to the invention comprises a modular series of consecutive units each comprising a chamber provided with stirring means for circulating air and / or steam in the chamber, and means to maintain a certain temperature in the room.
• this installation comprises a centralized control, arranged to control all of the stirring means and of the adjustment means, and at least one of said units is arranged to contain steam under pressure.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows in longitudinal section a first embodiment of the installation according to the invention
• Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the upstream cold room.
• FIG. 3 represents a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the vaporization enclosure
• FIG. 4 represents a schematic view in longitudinal section of another embodiment of the upstream cold room
• FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the line V-V of FIG. 4,
• FIGS. 5A and 5B are views similar to FIG. 5 and represent two variant embodiments
• FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing another variant of the embodiment
• FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the evolution of the temperature of the wire in a thermofixation installation comprising an upstream cold room according to the prior art
• FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the evolution of the temperature of the wire in an installation comprising an upstream cold room according to FIG. 4.
• FIG. 9 represents a schematic elevation view of an installation according to the invention, produced in modular form, and a diagram of variation of the temperature T in this installation.
• the installation shown comprises a vaporization chamber 10, an upstream cold chamber 11, a chamber downstream cold 12 and two intermediate chambers 13 and 14.
• a conveyor belt 15 successively passes through the upstream cold chamber 11, the intermediate chamber 13, the vaporization chamber 10, the intermediate chamber 14 and the cold chamber downstream 12 and transports one or more wires 16 wound in superimposed turns or in a rod to ensure the heat fixing of the wires.
• the vaporization chamber is associated with a steam generator 17 which may consist of a heating coil 18 conveying steam and housed inside a tank 19 filled with water, or a perforated tube 20 which releases steam jets 21 inside the chamber or, as shown in FIG. 1, a combination of these two means.
• a supply pipe 22 common to these two circuits, which can be used separately by means of two valves 23 and 24, is fitted with a valve 25 controlled by a regulator 26 to which is connected a probe 27 for measuring the temperature of the vapor contained inside the vaporization chamber 10.
• the latter is equipped with an outlet duct 28 formed at the top of the enclosure 10 and connected to a suction member 29 which is arranged to discharge 1a steam taken from a conduit 30 to direct it to a box 31, perforated on its upper surface, and has under the conveyor belt 15, itself perforated to allow forced passage of the steam through the turns of wire 16 arranged on said carpet.
• a heating body 32 is mounted in the duct 30 to raise the temperature of the steam drawn through the duct 28.
• a conduit 33 connects these two rooms together.
• This duct 33 is connected to a duct 34 coupled to a source of compressed air, in order to propel air under relatively high pressure in the two cold rooms 11 and 12 and thus create a surpres compared to the pressure prevailing in the vaporization chamber, to avoid excessive leakage of vapor.
• Two valves 35 and 36 are controlled by a regulator 37, coupled to two temperature probes 38 and 38 'respectively arranged inside intermediate chambers 13 and 14, and possibly to the regulator 26.
• a pressure sensor 39 housed in the vaporization chamber is connected to the regulator 37.
• two pressure rollers 40 define the inlet of the upstream cold room 11 and two pressure rollers 41 define the outlet of the downstream cold room 12.
• Valves or flaps 42 ensure a relative seal of the spray at its inlet and flaps 43 provide a similar function at its outlet.
• the upstream cold room is generally relatively small, of the order of 0.5 m, while the downstream cold room has a substantially greater length which is usually of the order of 2 m.
• One of the improvements made to these installations by the present invention consists in extending the upstream cold room, so that its length is at least equal to that of the downstream cold room, so that a temperature gradient is created inside. of this chamber, in order to reduce the thermal shock suffered by the wires fairly considerably when passing from the upstream cold chamber to the vaporization chamber.
• This temperature gradient can be obtained quite simply by regulating, by the regulators and the valves controlled by these regulators, the pressures in the vaporization chamber and the chambers arranged upstream, so as to allow a certain diffusion of the vapor of the spray enclosure to the upstream cold room.
• FIG. 2 illustrates other means making it possible to create a temperature gradient in the upstream chamber 11.
• this chamber is divided into two compartments 11a and 11b separated by a partition 50, the upper wall of which comprises a valve or flap 51 intended for reduce the diffusion of air from compartment 11b to compartment 11a.
• the conduit 33 ensuring the balance of pressures between the upstream cold room and the downstream cold room opens into the compartment 11a.
• Compartment 11b is equipped with a air stirring device comprising a fan 52 connected by means of a duct 53 to the top of the downstream part of the compartment 11b, a duct 54 receiving the air at the outlet of the fan 52, this duct 54 being connected to a box 55, perforated at its upper surface, which generates air jets 56 intended to pass through the conveyor belt 15 to ensure preheating of the wire 16 deposited in flat turns or in a coil on this carpet. Since the conduit 53 opens at the top of the compartment 11b in its downstream part, that is to say its hottest part, this system makes it possible to preheat the wire 16. This preheating effect can be reinforced by a heating body 57 mounted inside the duct 54, and designed to heat the air conveyed by this duct.
• FIG. 3 illustrates in more detail the improvements made to the equipment of the vaporization chamber and intended to create a temperature gradient inside this chamber.
• the upstream cold room is equipped with various means allowing progressive preheating of the wires 16 transported by the conveyor belt 15 in order to reduce the effects of the thermal shock undergone during the passage of this cold room where usually a temperature of around 60 to 80oC, to the vaporization chamber where a temperature usually prevails which is around 132oC when the threads are made of polyamide and 145oC when the threads are made of polyester.
• the means equipping the upstream cold room now make it possible to reach a temperature which remains around 60 to 80oC at its upstream inlet and which rises to 110 or 120oC on the side of its downstream outlet.
• the vaporization chamber has been equipped with a tunnel 60 disposed at its entrance, composed for example of a lower plate 61 disposed under the conveyor belt and an upper element 62 disposed above the layer of wires 16, to reduce the direct impact of the steam brewed in the 'vaporization enclosure.
• the suction member 29 which takes steam through a pipe 28 to discharge it into a perforated box 31 through a pipe 30 containing a heating body 32, has been moved downstream so that the stirring maximum of the vapor takes place rather towards the middle and towards the downstream end of this chamber.
• the action exerted by the steam jets on the fii deposited on the conveyor belt remains weak on the upstream side and gradually increases towards the middle of the treatment chamber.
• FIGs 4 and 5 illustrate another embodiment of the upstream cold chamber 11, designed as a progressive preheating chamber.
• the cnambre contains a Dâti 69 supporting, for example, three consecutive boxes 70a, 70b and 70c which are arranged consecutively along the conveyor belt 15 and which surround this belt and the wires which it transports.
• the respective bodies of these three Poitiers are similar and they bear the same reference numbers, with the respective indices a. b and c.
• each box 70 is incorporated in a closed circuit for circulation of each air or of an air / vapor mixture, each of these circuits comprising a fan 71 placed above the box 70, a return duct.
• the steam flow is regulated by a solenoid valve 75 controlled by an adjustment device 76 so as to maintain a predetermined temperature of the air in the circuit.
• the nozzle 74 is also connected to a source of compressed air, by means of a solenoid valve 75 ′ controlled by the device 76.
• the air in the circuit is essentially at the same pressure than the rest of the interior of the chamore 11 and. circulating as indicated by the arrows, it crosses from bottom to top a support grid 77, the carpet and, the ril. then 11 bypasses a reader def 78 to be taken up by the fan 71.
• the latter is driven at an adjustable speed controlled by the device 76, for example by means of a motor 79 and a variable ratio transmission 79 ′.
• the control device 76 is arranged to maintain respective predetermined values of the temperature and of the speed of the air flow in each of the slots 70. This temperature and this speed being combined with the speed of progression of the wire. so that it gradually rises in temperature in successive housings 70 through the upstream cold room. If for some reason the carpet has to stop, the device 76 adjusts the temperature and the speed of the air stream in an optimal manner to maintain a constant dye affinity over the thread. In such a chamber, depending on the products to be treated and the permanent or transient conditions, one can play on the following parameters: number of preheating circuits put into service, pressure, air flow and temperature, air flow and temperature injected.
• FIGS. 5A and 58 are similar to FIG. 5 and illustrate two alternative embodiments of heating means making it possible to adjust the temperature of the respective air circuit of each of the housings 70.
• the housing 70 is raised by a cylindrical part 170 which contains the fan 171 and, downstream of this, a heating element 172 with electrical resistance which allows an easy and rapid adjustment of the air temperature.
• this makes it possible to preheat the air before starting the heat-setting phase with steam, by treating the wire in the chamber 11 either by hot air only, or by superheated steam injected into the circuit d 'air.
• the bottom of the upstream cold room 11 contains a steam generator device which extends under the housings 70 and which comprises electric heating bodies 174 pioneered in an oain of water 175 and controlled by the temperature probes 73.
• Steam 176 is admitted into the closed circuits through intake orifices 177 formed in the upper part of the housings 70 and which can be fitted with adjustment flaps to allow a different effect in successive housings 70 .
• FIG. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the upstream chamber 11 which implements substantially the same method as the alternative illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 to impose a temperature gradient along the path of the wire and of the conveyor belt 15.
• the chamber 11 is subdivided into several successive compartments 80a, 80b and 80c, thanks to intermediate partitions comprising valves 80 'for the passage to the wire.
• Each compartment 80 is equipped with a fan 81 driven by a variable speed motor 82 to ensure mixing of the atmosphere in the compartment, a temperature probe 83, at least one steam injector 84 and d at least one air injector 85. It is thus possible to selectively inject into each compartment steam and / or air in determined quantity and temperature, in order to separately regulate the temperature prevailing in each compartment. All these organs are connected to a centralized control ensuring the regulation of the entire installation.
• FIGS. 7 and 8 show typical curves of the evolution of the temperature of the wire, respectively in a conventional thermofixation installation and in an installation according to the invention, equipped with an upstream cold room of the type illustrated by the figures 4 and 5.
• the vaporization chamber 10 is provided with means 29 for stirring the vapor in this enclosure.
• the upstream cold room 11 has a relatively short length Li, of the order of 0.5 m.
• Li the temperature of the wire changes according to curve 91 drawn in solid line, that is to say that it remains low in the upstream cold room and that it rises suddenly at the entrance to the room. vaporization 10.
• the steam leaks from the chamber 10 cause an increase in the temperature in the upstream chamber 11 and in the intermediate chamber 13, along curve 92, which presents the disadvantages mentioned above.
• the upstream cold room 11 of the installation shown in FIG. 8 has a longer length L2, for example around 2.0 m., And it contains three circuits of heated air passing through respective boxes 70a, 70b and 70c.
• Curve 94 indicates the temperature of the wire in continuous operation. The temperature in this chamber gradually rises and approaches an ideal curve 95 corresponding to a rise in temperature of the wire without any thermal shock up to the temperature 12 of heat setting in the chamber 10.
• the wire can take a temperature according to curve 96, for example. It is also possible to maintain lower temperatures, for example in the event of a prolonged stop of the carpet, then to carry out a preheating before ie restarting.
• the various means described above can be applied individually or in combination depending on the results that one wishes to obtain.
• the general idea consists in controlling the temperature and the circulation of air and steam in successive zones of the course of the wires, in particular to create a progressive rise in the temperature of the wires so as to avoid them a thermal shock, so that a stop of the machine no longer causes a different dye affinity on the wires subjected to this stop.
• FIG. 9 schematically shows a modular installation formed by any number of units 100 juxtaposed along the path of the belt 15 transporting the wires. These units are connected to each other by junction elements 101 comprising at least one transverse partition and a passage for the wires and the carpet, either in the form of a simple valve, or an airlock allowing the maintenance of a difference. pressure between the two chambers it separates.
• Each unit 100 contains a chamber equipped with organs for injecting steam and air, organs 102 for circulating these fluids in the chamber, and organs for measuring the temperature and possibly the pressure, all these organs are connected to a central control which is programmed to maintain the operating parameters which can be different in each room.
• These parameters include for example ia temperature, pressure, flow rate and temperature of injected steam, flow rate and ia temperature of injected air, fan speed.
• speed of the conveyor belt, the quality and quantity of the threads, as well as other parameters, are also taken into account to define the set values in the programmed command.
• FIG. 9 shows the temperatures T that can be obtained along the path of the wires in such an installation.
• the horizontal lines in dashed lines represent the set values of the temperature in each unit 100 for continuous operation.
• the temperature of the wires is represented by the curve 110 in solid lines.
• the temperature is only maximum in two units 100d and 100e where pressure spraying takes place. If, for example, the conveyor belt 15 has to stop, the central control of the installation can switch to other set values and maintain, notably in the various chambers of the units 100, different temperatures which maintain the wires at the indicated temperatures. by curve 111 in broken lines. The control can also raise some of these temperatures before restarting the carpet.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 1987
  • 1987-03-06 FR FR8703222A patent/FR2611755B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1988
  • 1988-03-02 DE DE8888902493T patent/DE3874331T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-02 AT AT88902493T patent/ATE80188T1/de active
  • 1988-03-02 WO PCT/FR1988/000118 patent/WO1988006653A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1988-03-02 US US07/416,315 patent/US5014380A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-02 EP EP88902493A patent/EP0349563B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-02 JP JP63502445A patent/JPH02502468A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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