EP0348299B1 - Wärmeaustauscher - Google Patents

Wärmeaustauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0348299B1
EP0348299B1 EP89401752A EP89401752A EP0348299B1 EP 0348299 B1 EP0348299 B1 EP 0348299B1 EP 89401752 A EP89401752 A EP 89401752A EP 89401752 A EP89401752 A EP 89401752A EP 0348299 B1 EP0348299 B1 EP 0348299B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
guide tube
chamber
tube
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89401752A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0348299A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Raymond Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INNOVATIONS THERMIQUES
Original Assignee
INNOVATIONS THERMIQUES
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Publication date
Application filed by INNOVATIONS THERMIQUES filed Critical INNOVATIONS THERMIQUES
Priority to AT89401752T priority Critical patent/ATE77473T1/de
Publication of EP0348299A1 publication Critical patent/EP0348299A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0348299B1 publication Critical patent/EP0348299B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger as generally known from US-A-4,440,217.
  • This document describes and shows a heat exchanger in which a first fluid circulates by passing through three chambers and in which a second fluid circulates by passing through two chambers interposed between the three aforementioned chambers.
  • the objective sought in this document is to obtain a high efficiency of heat exchange between only two fluids, by increasing the thermal contact surfaces between the two fluids.
  • Patent CH-A-593,470 describes and shows a heat exchanger in which a coil is arranged in a chamber formed in a hollow body having a double peripheral envelope.
  • the heat exchanges are poorly controlled, the hydraulic flows are uneven on the heat exchange surfaces and the heat transfer flows cannot be significant.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a hollow body comprising a longitudinal outer wall and two end walls and having, on the side of said end walls, respectively a supply chamber and a evacuation chamber connected to a first external circuit of a fluid and interconnected by at least one guide tube in which extends a longitudinal elongated heating element carried by one of said end walls, so that the fluid from said first external circuit passes from the supply chamber to the evacuation chamber by flowing in the space separating the heating element and the guide tube; said hollow body further having two intermediate chambers connected to a second external circuit and interconnected by at least one connecting tube which is arranged around said guide tube; said hollow body comprising a first intermediate partition separating said intermediate chambers and connecting said connecting tube to said external wall, a second intermediate partition separating one of the intermediate chambers and the supply chamber and connecting said guide tube to said external wall, and a third intermediate partition separating the other intermediate chamber and the evacuation chamber and connecting said guide tube to said external wall, so that the second fluid of the second external circuit passes from one intermediate chamber into the other in
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention makes it possible to carry out heat transfers between the elongated heating element and the first fluid circulating in the space separating this element and the guide tube and heat transfers, from the towards each other, between the two fluids flowing on either side of the guide tube.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention as it has just been defined also makes it possible to obtain high thermal fluxes between the elongated heating element, the first fluid and the second fluid, while controlling the heat exchanges and in particular by avoiding their local overheating, the first fluid possibly advantageously constituting a thermal intermediate between the elongated heating element and the second fluid.
  • the supply and discharge chambers can be connected by several guide tubes in each of which extends at least one elongated heating element and that the intermediate chambers are connected by several connection tubes arranged respectively around said guide tubes.
  • said connecting tube and said elongated element are preferably cylindrical and co-axial.
  • said spaces are preferably such that the flow of fluid in the latter is turbulent.
  • means can advantageously be provided for centering the guide tube in the connecting tube so as to maintain a constant distance between these tubes.
  • said centering means are preferably formed by local deformations of one of said tubes which bear on the other.
  • said guide tube is preferably tightly connected to the wall of said supply chamber that it crosses and / or to the wall of said evacuation chamber that it crosses by means of a deformable means in the direction of the length of this guide tube.
  • the above-mentioned deformable means is preferably constituted by an annular or tubular bellows tightly connected on the one hand to the guide tube and on the other hand to the wall of the aforementioned chamber.
  • said elongated heating element contains at least one electrical resistance.
  • the heat exchanger shown in the figures and generally identified by the reference 1 comprises a hollow body 2 which has a longitudinal cylindrical wall 3 as well as radial end walls 4 and 5.
  • the interior volume of the hollow body 2 is, longitudinally, divided into four successive chambers 6, 7, 8, 9 which are respectively separated by radial partitions 10, 11 and 12.
  • the cylindrical wall 3 of the body 2 is longitudinally divided into parts provided with flanges on which these radial partitions are fixed respectively.
  • the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 are connected, in the example, by two longitudinal cylindrical tubes 13 and 14 which extend through the intermediate radial partition 11 and which are carried, preferably in leaktight manner, by the latter, the ends of these connecting tubes 13 and 14 being at a distance from the radial partitions 10 and 12.
  • the end chambers 6 and 9 are connected by cylindrical longitudinal guide tubes 15 and 16 which extend through the connection tubes 13 and 14 being coaxial with them and which extend through the radial walls 10 and 12, the guide tubes 15 and 16 being carried by these radial walls 10 and 12 in a sealed manner and their ends being respectively at a distance from the end walls 4 and 5 of the hollow body 2.
  • the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 are connected by the annular spaces 17 and 18 separating respectively the connecting tubes 13 and 14 and the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • longitudinal elongated heating elements 19 and 20 which also extend through the end chamber 6 and the end wall 4 and which are carried by this last. These elongated heating elements contain electrical resistances at least in the region of the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • end chambers 6 and 9 are connected by the annular passages 21 and 22 separating the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • the wall 3 of the cylindrical body 2 carries on the one hand radial pipes 23 and 24 which make it possible to connect the end chambers 6 and 9 to a first external circuit and on the other hand radial pipes 25 and 26 which allow to connect the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 to a second external circuit.
  • the heat exchanger 1 described above and shown in the figures works and can be used as follows.
  • a first fluid such as a liquid circulating in the aforementioned first circuit enters the supply chamber 6 through the radial tube 23, flows into the annular spaces 21 and 22 separating respectively the heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16 to the evacuation chamber 9, from which it emerges through the radial tube 24.
  • the first fluid is heated during its passage through the annular spaces 21 and 22.
  • a second fluid such as a liquid circulating in the aforementioned second circuit enters the first intermediate chamber 7 through the radial tube 25, flows through the annular spaces 17 and 18 separating respectively the connecting tubes 13 and 14 and the tubes guides 15 and 16 to the second intermediate chamber 8 to exit therefrom through the radial tube 26.
  • this fluid which circulates in the first aforementioned circuit, is passed through annular spaces 21 and 22 in which it is heated by the electrical resistance of the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and, to cool it, it is pass through these annular spaces 21 and 22 and at the same time a second cooling fluid, which circulates in the aforementioned second circuit, is passed through the annular spaces 17 and 18.
  • the length of the connecting tubes 13 and 14, which determines the length of the annular passages 17 and 18, constitutes one of the parameters for determining the heat flux between the two fluids.
  • the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are carried by the end wall 4 of the hollow body 2 and extend through the supply chamber 6 and into the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • these elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are suitably centered.
  • the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16 can slide longitudinally relative to each other in order to absorb their deformations due to temperature variations.
  • connecting tubes 13 and 14 pass through and are carried by the intermediate partition 11.
  • the connecting tubes 13 and 14 are also provided with local deformations 28 extending inwards and against which the guide tubes 15 and 16 bear respectively.
  • the guide tubes 15 and 16 are respectively fixed to the walls 10 and 12 of the hollow body 2 in a sealed manner, for example by welding.
  • sleeves 29 are tightly fixed against the partition 12 and surround the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • Sleeves 30 surround and are tightly fixed to these guide tubes, at a distance sleeves 29.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Wärmetauscher (1) mit einem hohlen Körper (2), der eine äußere Längswand (3) und zwei Endwände (4, 5) besitzt und der neben den Endwänden eine Zulaufkammer (6) bzw. eine Auslaufkammer (9) aufweist, die an einen ersten, äußeren Fluidkreislauf angeschlossen sind, und die miteinander über wenigstens ein Führungsrohr (15) verbunden sind, in dem sich in Längsrichtung ein längliches Heizelement (19) erstreckt, das von einer der Endwände getragen wird, derart, daß das Fluid des ersten, äußeren Kreislaufes von der Zulaufkammer zur Auslaufkammer tritt, indem es in den Raum (21) strömt, der das Heizelement und das Führungsrohr voneinander trennt; wobei der hohle Körper (2) weiters zwei Zwischenkammern (7, 8) aufweist, die mit einem zweiten, äußeren Kreislauf verbunden sind, und die miteinander durch wenigstens ein Verbindungsrohr (13) verbunden ist, das um das Führungsrohr (15) herum angeordnet ist; wobei der hohle Körper (2) eine erste Zwischenwand (11), welche die Zwischenkammern (7, 8) trennt und das Verbindungsrohr (13) mit der Außenwand verbindet, eine zweite Zwischenwand (10), welche die eine der Zwischenkammern (7) und die Zulaufkammer (6) voneinander trennt und das Führungsrohr (15) mit der Außenwand (3) verbindet, und eine dritte Zwischenwand (12) besitzt, welche die andere Zwischenkammer (8) von der Auslaufkammer (9) trennt und das Führungsrohr (15) mit der Außenwand (3) verbindet, derart, daß das zweite Fluid des zweiten, äußeren Kreislaufes von einer Zwischenkammer in die andere tritt, indem es in den Raum (17) strömt, der das Führungsrohr (15) und das Verbindungsrohr (13) voneinander trennt.
2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zulaufkammer (6) und die Ablaufkammer (9) über mehrere Führungsrohre verbunden sind, in denen sich jeweils wenigstens ein längliches Heizelement erstreckt, und daß die Zwischenkammern 7, 8) durch mehrere Verbindungsrohre verbunden sind, die jeweils um die Führungsrohre herum angeordnet sind.
3. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Führungsrohr (15), das Verbindungsrohr (13) und das längliche Element (19) zylindrisch und koaxial sind.
4. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Räume (17, 21) derart sind, daß die Fluidströmung in diesen letzteren turbulent ist.
5. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel zum Zentrieren des Führungsrohres (15) im Verbindungsrohr (13) vorgesehen sind, damit zwischen diesen Rohren ein gleichmäßiger Abstand beibehalten wird.
6. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Zentrieren durch örtliche Verformungen (28) eines der Rohre gebildet werden, die am anderen anliegen.
7. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Führungsrohr (15) mit der Wand (12) der Zulaufkammer, die es durchquert, und/oder mit der Wand der Auslaufkammer, die es durchquert, über ein in Längsrichtung des Führungsrohres verformbares Mittel (31) dicht verbunden ist.
8. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das vorgenannte, verformbare Mittel durch eine ringförmige oder rohrförmige Manschette (31) gebildet ist, die dicht einerseits am Führungsrohr und anderseits an der Wand der vorgenannten Kammer befestigt ist.
9. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das längliche Heizelement wenigstens einen elektrischen Widerstand enthält.
EP89401752A 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Wärmeaustauscher Expired - Lifetime EP0348299B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89401752T ATE77473T1 (de) 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Waermeaustauscher.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808396A FR2633378B1 (fr) 1988-06-22 1988-06-22 Echangeur de chaleur a deux flux
FR8808396 1988-06-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0348299A1 EP0348299A1 (de) 1989-12-27
EP0348299B1 true EP0348299B1 (de) 1992-06-17

Family

ID=9367596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89401752A Expired - Lifetime EP0348299B1 (de) 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Wärmeaustauscher

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0348299B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE77473T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68901815T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2033105T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2633378B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR648964A (fr) * 1928-02-14 1928-12-17 Perfectionnements aux échangeurs de chaleur tubulaires
US2775682A (en) * 1955-08-12 1956-12-25 Turbine Equipment Company Electric fluid heater
CH449678A (de) * 1967-06-20 1968-01-15 Bertrams Ag Hch Röhrenwärmeaustauscher mit flüssigem Wärmeträger
CH593470A5 (en) * 1975-07-10 1977-11-30 Schulthess Ad Maschinenfabrik Heat exchanger, esp. for use in textile dyeing - has automatic completely independently regulated heating and cooling systems
FR2333206A1 (fr) * 1975-11-27 1977-06-24 Giraud Gabriel Mini-chaufferie pour maisons individuelles, immeubles, usages industriels et autres
US4254826A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-03-10 Pvi Industries Inc. Modular heat exchanger
DE2951549A1 (de) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Ringspalt-rohrbuendel-waermetauscher
US4440217A (en) * 1982-06-10 1984-04-03 Stieler Scott M Counterflow heat exchanger
DE3318722A1 (de) * 1983-05-21 1984-11-22 K.H. Michael Dipl.-Ing. Schunk (FH), 7441 Wolfschlugen Waermetauscher
DE3419442A1 (de) * 1983-05-25 1984-12-20 Kogata Gasu Reibo-gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai, Tokio/Tokyo Waermetauscher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2633378A1 (fr) 1989-12-29
FR2633378B1 (fr) 1991-01-11
EP0348299A1 (de) 1989-12-27
ATE77473T1 (de) 1992-07-15
ES2033105T3 (es) 1993-03-01
DE68901815D1 (de) 1992-07-23
DE68901815T2 (de) 1992-12-17

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