EP0012691A1 - Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012691A1
EP0012691A1 EP79401003A EP79401003A EP0012691A1 EP 0012691 A1 EP0012691 A1 EP 0012691A1 EP 79401003 A EP79401003 A EP 79401003A EP 79401003 A EP79401003 A EP 79401003A EP 0012691 A1 EP0012691 A1 EP 0012691A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sodium
jacket
heat exchanger
exchanger according
exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79401003A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0012691B1 (de
Inventor
Georges Jullien
Philippe Doublet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Framatome Te Courbevoie Frankrijk
Original Assignee
Novatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novatome SA filed Critical Novatome SA
Publication of EP0012691A1 publication Critical patent/EP0012691A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0012691B1 publication Critical patent/EP0012691B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1669—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • F28D1/0213—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for heating or cooling a liquid in a tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0054—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for nuclear applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements to a nuclear reactor exchanger ensuring the transfer of heat between two streams of liquid refrigerant sodium.
  • the exchanger according to the invention is intended to be used as a sodium-sodium intermediate exchanger in a fast neutron reactor.
  • An intermediate exchanger of fast neutron reactor transfers heat from a stream of radioactive primary liquid sodium, ensuring a physical separation between them.
  • the primary liquid sodium is heated by the reactor core and circulates in the tank to the intermediate exchangers.
  • the heat exchange between primary sodium and secondary sodium is carried out via a tube bundle.
  • the secondary sodium circulates inside the tubes while the primary sodium circulates outside these tubes.
  • Primary sodium and secondary sodium circulate against the current.
  • the circulation of radioactive primary sodium outside the tubes facilitates emptying.
  • secondary sodium operates at a pressure higher than that of primary sodium and it is more economical to circulate the sodium at high pressure in the tubes.
  • the tubes constituting the tube bundle are generally vertical.
  • the secondary sodium arrives above the tube bundle whose exchange tubes are straight.
  • This exchanger includes a vertical inlet tube which is connected by its upper end to the secondary sodium inlet. It channels a downflow of relatively cold secondary sodium.
  • This sodium is found under a relatively high pressure (normally around 6 bars and exceptionally 18 bars in the event of accidental operation).
  • This inlet tube is surrounded at its lower part by the tube bundle and it opens below the lower tube plate of this bundle.
  • Secondary sodium leaving the inlet tube is confined in an inlet collector and rises in the exchange tubes of the tube bundle.
  • Secondary sodium leaving the inlet tube is confined in an inlet collector and rises in the exchange tubes of the tube bundle.
  • Secondary sodium is gradually heated by primary sodium as it progresses through the tubes in the tube bundle.
  • the upward stream of heated secondary sodium is channeled at the outlet of the tube bundle by an outlet manifold extending vertically.
  • This outlet manifold consists of an inner tubular jacket and an outer tubular jacket which are coaxial and connected to each other at the top of the exchanger. These two shirts surround the secondary sodium inlet tube.
  • the outer jacket is provided with an outlet for the discharge of relatively hot secondary sodium.
  • the assembly formed by the tubular bundle, the tubular plates and the outlet manifold is subjected to overall stresses due to pressure effects and to thermal dissymmetry effects in the tubular bundle and in the outlet manifold.
  • the thermal effects are relatively significant and are inherent in the design of the exchanger.
  • the subject of the present invention is an outlet collector channeling the sodium leaving the tube bundle of an exchanger and the inner jacket of which is capable of absorbing relative displacements of thermal origin, without significant constraint and without transmitting significant force to tube bundle.
  • the temperature differences on the liners of the outlet manifold do not significantly modify the overall mechanical balance of the exchanger.
  • the differential displacements of thermal origin are absorbed without the effects of pressure on the outlet manifold having a harmful effect on the beam.
  • the exchanger according to the invention comprises an outlet manifold channeling refrigerant sodium at the outlet of a bundle of exchange tubes internally traversed by said sodium and bathed externally by refrigerant sodium and comprising an inner tubular jacket constituting a surface of revolution around a vertical axis and an outer tubular jacket and it is essentially characterized in that the wall of the inner jacket has a pleated part marked by at least one side in the shape of a crown.
  • the pleated part forms at least two sides joined by a flange.
  • the intermediate exchanger shown in Figures 1 to 5 is arranged vertically in the reactor vessel.
  • the tank contains a mass of liquid coolant sodium used to transport the heat. It is radioactive and is called primary sodium.
  • the exchanger includes exchange tubes 21 which are either completely straight or partially straight. In the latter case, each of the exchange tubes is provided with an expansion curve. These tubes are grouped in bundles and are fixed at their ends in the tubular plates 22 and 23. Each of these tubular plates has the shape of a crown.
  • the bundle of tubes 21 is housed between an external cylindrical shell 24 and a cylindrical shell 25 interior and coaxial with said external shell.
  • the outer shell 24 includes inlet windows 241 which are located below and near the upper tubular ring 22. It also includes outlet windows 242 which are located above and near the inner tubular ring 23 .
  • the primary sodium circulates from top to bottom, around the exchange tubes 21.
  • the primary sodium which enters through the entry windows 241 is at a temperature of approximately between 540 and 580 ° C.
  • the primary sodium which leaves the entry windows outlet 242 is at a temperature between approximately 380 and 400 ° C.
  • the physical separation between the relatively hot primary sodium and the relatively cold primary sodium is ensured by a sealing bell 11 and a chimney 12 forming part of a non- represented.
  • the primary sodium stream heats a non-radioactive sodium stream called secondary sodium.
  • the secondary sodium is supplied from the top of the exchanger. Secondary sodium is led to the bundle of tubes 21 by an inlet tube 4, the greatest length of which is in the form of a cylinder, the vertical axis of which coincides with the axis of the ferrules 24 and 25 of the bundle of tubes 21.
  • These exchange tubes 21 are arranged parallel to the vertical axis of the inlet tube and they surround it at its lower part.
  • the inlet tube 4 channels a downflow of relatively cold secondary sodium.
  • An inlet manifold 31 which forms a chamber 32 confines the secondary sodium from the outlet of the inlet tube 4 to the inlets of the tubes 21 which are flush with the lower tubular crown 23.
  • the secondary sodium circulates inside the exchange tubes 21.
  • the ascending current of the secondary sodium is opposite to the descending current of the primary sodium.
  • the secondary sodium At the inlet of the exchange tubes 21, that is to say at the level of the tubular ring 23, the secondary sodium is relatively cold.
  • the secondary sodium At the outlet of the exchange tubes 21, that is to say at the level of the upper tubular ring 22, the secondary sodium is relatively hot.
  • Secondary sodium is channeled, at the outlet of the exchange tubes 21, through an outlet manifold 5 having a generally annular shape.
  • the secondary sodium has an upward movement until a connection 55 of the outlet tube.
  • This outlet manifold is constituted by an inner tubular liner secured to the ferrule 25 and by an outer tubular liner 52 secured to the ferrule 24. These two liners are coaxial.
  • Each of the liners of the outlet manifold has a general shape of revolution around the vertical axis of the inlet tube 4.
  • the inner jacket 51 surrounds the inlet tube 4. and its diameter is very slightly greater than that of this inlet tube.
  • the outer jacket includes a lower cylindrical ferrule 521 and an upper cylindrical ferrule 523 whose diameter is less than that of said lower ferrule.
  • a tapered ferrule 522 which converges in the direction of flow of the secondary sodium connects the two coaxial ferrules 521 and 523.
  • the two liners 51 and 52 are connected to each other, at the upper end, by a toric bottom so as to form an annular chamber.
  • An outer casing 61 is welded to the lower shell of the outer jacket of the outlet manifold. This envelope extends upward by enveloping the upper shell of the outer jacket. It is integral with a plug 7 which is supported by the slab 8.
  • a sealing bellows 9 isolates the annular space between the inner jacket 51 and the inlet tube 4 of the upper chamber delimited by the outer jacket 51 and the casing 62.
  • This chamber contains a gas.
  • the wall of the inner jacket 51 has a pleated part, at least one fold of which is marked by a flank 511 which has a shape of a crown inscribed between two fictitious cylinders C1 and C2 centered on the axis of symmetry and whose diameters are different.
  • This pleated part forms a surface of revolution around the vertical axis of the ferrules of the tube bundle and of the inlet tube 4 and of an adjoining cylindrical part 516.
  • the sides 511 are substantially planar or slightly frustoconical. In the latter case, the angles at the top of the cones which surround them are substantially equal and close to 180 °.
  • Two adjacent sides 511 can be connected to each other by an intermediate collar 51.2 of small diameter, then forming, in hollow, an annular groove 53 open towards the outer jacket.
  • Two adjacent flanks 511 can be connected together by an external flange to two other flanks surrounding it.
  • the wall is profiled so as to form two opposite sides 511 which form an external annular groove 53. These sides are connected to a lower connecting ring 514 and an upper connecting ring 515.
  • the annular groove 53 is housed between these two ferrules and it is bathed in secondary sodium.
  • the collar of small diameter 512 forms the bottom of this groove.
  • the pleated part formed by the two opposite sides 511 is situated inside the ferrule 521, in the part of the manifold chamber having the largest cross section.
  • the connecting ferrule 514 has a general frustoconical shape flaring upwards.
  • the small diameter of this connecting ferrule 514 is integral with the cylindrical part 516 of the jacket.
  • the upper connecting ring 515 has a generally sectional shape which widens downwards.
  • the small diameter of this upper ferrule is integral with the cylindrical part 517 of the jacket.
  • the pleated part of the wall of the inner liner forms an annular tooth marked by two sides 511 and by the outer flange 513.
  • This pleated part of the liner is connected downwards to a sectional ferrule 514 flaring upward which extends the lower cylindrical ferrule 516.
  • the outer flange 513 which externally connects the sides 511 forms the crest of the fold.
  • This pleated part is arranged in the upper part, near the toric bottom connecting the upper parts of the two shirts. It is therefore located around the bellows 9 and above the connection 55 through which the secondary sodium exits and inside the shell 523. It is connected upwards, by the shell 517, to this toric bottom.
  • the pleated part of the wall of the inner jacket has several sides 511 forming at least two grooves and / or at least two teeth centered on the vertical axis of the ferrules of the tube bundle.
  • the outer edges of the flanks are joined by the outer flanges 513 of large diameter.
  • the inner edges are joined by inner flanges 512 of small diameter and arranged alternately with the flanges 513.
  • This pleated part is formed near the toric bottom connecting the upper part of the inner liner and the upper part of the outer liner, around of the bellows 9 and above the connection 55. It is connected downwards to the sectional ferrule 514 which widens upwards by extending the ferrule 516 and it is connected upwards by the ferrule 517 to the toric bottom.
  • the pleated part constitutes a half-toric wave bellows.
  • the wall of the inner metallic jacket 51, in the pleated zone, has a thickness little different or equal to the thickness of the cylindrical parts of this jacket.
  • the thickness of the wall forming the pleated part is between 5 and 30 mm.
  • the pleated part is subjected on its outer surface to the pressure of sodium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP79401003A 1978-12-12 1979-12-11 Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher Expired EP0012691B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7834945 1978-12-12
FR7834945A FR2444246A1 (fr) 1978-12-12 1978-12-12 Perfectionnements a un echangeur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0012691A1 true EP0012691A1 (de) 1980-06-25
EP0012691B1 EP0012691B1 (de) 1983-12-14

Family

ID=9215983

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79401003A Expired EP0012691B1 (de) 1978-12-12 1979-12-11 Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4377552A (de)
EP (1) EP0012691B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2966492D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2444246A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0041452A2 (de) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-09 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société anonyme dite: Vorrichtung zum Verringern der thermischen Spannung in Wärmetauschern
EP0090743A1 (de) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-05 Novatome Schutzvorrichtung gegen Wärme und Radiation für einen in einem Kernreaktorbehälter eingetauchten Wärmeübertrager
FR2535836A1 (fr) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-11 Novatome Echangeur de chaleur pour fluides a temperature elevee dont l'un des fluides entre et sort par la partie superieure de l'echangeur
CN101174482B (zh) * 2007-12-11 2010-12-22 中国原子能科学研究院 钠-空气热交换器

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2500324A1 (fr) * 1981-02-24 1982-08-27 Stein Industrie Dispositif de melange homogene de liquides en ecoulement a des temperatures differentes
FR2557280B1 (fr) * 1983-12-21 1986-03-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique Generateur de vapeur sodium-eau a tubes concentriques droits et a circulation de gaz dans l'espace annulaire
US4905757A (en) * 1987-11-06 1990-03-06 General Electric Company Compact intermediate heat transport system for sodium cooled reactor
WO2001027514A1 (en) 1999-10-13 2001-04-19 Chart Inc. Vacuum-jacketed bayonet pipe spool and pipe spool system for cryogenic fluid
US6695358B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2004-02-24 Chart, Inc. Controlled leak cryogenic bayonet pipe spool and system
US6914955B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2005-07-05 Babcock & Wilcox Canada Ltd. Heat exchanger tube support structure
US7137651B2 (en) * 2003-04-02 2006-11-21 Chart Industries, Inc. Fluid piping systems and pipe spools suitable for sub sea use
US9688927B2 (en) * 2012-09-13 2017-06-27 General Electric Company System for accommodating differential thermal expansion in syngas cooler
GB2591972B8 (en) * 2014-12-11 2022-03-16 Fulton Group N A Inc Ribbed tubeless heat exchanger for fluid heating systems including a rib component and methods of manufacture thereof
GB2548532B (en) 2014-12-11 2020-09-02 Fulton Group Na Inc Fully-wetted, refractory-free tubless fluid heating system with negligible thermal expansion stress

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1451198A1 (de) * 1964-06-27 1969-05-14 Basf Ag Rohrbuendel-Waermeaustauscher
GB1187366A (en) * 1968-03-12 1970-04-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat Exchanger
FR2099504A1 (de) * 1970-07-21 1972-03-17 Idemitsu Petrochemical Co
GB1328440A (en) * 1970-07-22 1973-08-30 Babcock Atlantique Sa Heat exchangers
FR2225710A1 (de) * 1973-04-16 1974-11-08 Atomic Energy Authority Uk
DE2701148A1 (de) * 1977-01-13 1978-07-27 Steag Ag Gaskuehler, insbesondere zur abscheidung von kondensaten aus einem heissen rohgas, z.b. zur kuehlung von generatorgas
GB1532757A (en) * 1977-09-23 1978-11-22 Sulzer Ag Heat exchanger system

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468903A (en) * 1945-09-22 1949-05-03 Tech Studien Ag Vertical tubular heat exchanger
DE962171C (de) * 1953-12-12 1957-04-18 Basf Ag Waermetauscher
GB986681A (en) * 1962-01-02 1965-03-24 Metallurg Engineers Ltd Improvements in gas heat exchangers
US3187808A (en) * 1962-05-23 1965-06-08 American Schack Company Inc High temperature recuperator
GB1138144A (en) * 1966-04-19 1968-12-27 Gen Electric Composite tube type heat exchangers
US3741167A (en) * 1971-03-02 1973-06-26 Foster Wheeler Corp Sodium heated steam generator
US3850231A (en) * 1973-05-24 1974-11-26 Combustion Eng Lmfbr intermediate heat exchanger

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1451198A1 (de) * 1964-06-27 1969-05-14 Basf Ag Rohrbuendel-Waermeaustauscher
GB1187366A (en) * 1968-03-12 1970-04-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat Exchanger
FR2099504A1 (de) * 1970-07-21 1972-03-17 Idemitsu Petrochemical Co
GB1328440A (en) * 1970-07-22 1973-08-30 Babcock Atlantique Sa Heat exchangers
FR2225710A1 (de) * 1973-04-16 1974-11-08 Atomic Energy Authority Uk
DE2701148A1 (de) * 1977-01-13 1978-07-27 Steag Ag Gaskuehler, insbesondere zur abscheidung von kondensaten aus einem heissen rohgas, z.b. zur kuehlung von generatorgas
GB1532757A (en) * 1977-09-23 1978-11-22 Sulzer Ag Heat exchanger system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0041452A2 (de) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-09 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société anonyme dite: Vorrichtung zum Verringern der thermischen Spannung in Wärmetauschern
EP0041452A3 (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-16 Stein Industrie Societe Anonyme Dite: Device for the reduction of thermal stress in a heat exchanger
EP0090743A1 (de) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-05 Novatome Schutzvorrichtung gegen Wärme und Radiation für einen in einem Kernreaktorbehälter eingetauchten Wärmeübertrager
FR2524686A1 (fr) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-07 Novatome Dispositif de protection contre la chaleur et les radiations pour un echangeur de chaleur intermediaire plongeant dans une cuve de reacteur nucleaire
US4560530A (en) * 1982-04-02 1985-12-24 Novatome Device for providing protection against heat and radiation for an intermediate heat exchanger immersed in a nuclear reactor vessel
FR2535836A1 (fr) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-11 Novatome Echangeur de chaleur pour fluides a temperature elevee dont l'un des fluides entre et sort par la partie superieure de l'echangeur
EP0108690A1 (de) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-16 Novatome Wärmetauscher für Fluide hoher Temperatur, wobei eines der Fluide an der Oberseite des Wärmetauschers ein- und austritt
CN101174482B (zh) * 2007-12-11 2010-12-22 中国原子能科学研究院 钠-空气热交换器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4377552A (en) 1983-03-22
DE2966492D1 (en) 1984-01-19
FR2444246A1 (fr) 1980-07-11
EP0012691B1 (de) 1983-12-14
FR2444246B1 (de) 1983-07-01

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