EP0012691B1 - Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012691B1
EP0012691B1 EP79401003A EP79401003A EP0012691B1 EP 0012691 B1 EP0012691 B1 EP 0012691B1 EP 79401003 A EP79401003 A EP 79401003A EP 79401003 A EP79401003 A EP 79401003A EP 0012691 B1 EP0012691 B1 EP 0012691B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bundle
sodium
heat exchanger
jacket
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79401003A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0012691A1 (de
Inventor
Georges Jullien
Philippe Doublet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Framatome Te Courbevoie Frankrijk
Original Assignee
Novatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novatome SA filed Critical Novatome SA
Publication of EP0012691A1 publication Critical patent/EP0012691A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0012691B1 publication Critical patent/EP0012691B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1669Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • F28D1/0213Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for heating or cooling a liquid in a tank
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0054Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for nuclear applications
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements to a nuclear reactor exchanger ensuring the transfer of heat between two streams of liquid refrigerant sodium.
  • the exchanger according to the invention is intended to be used as a sodium-sodium intermediate exchanger in a fast neutron reactor.
  • An intermediate exchanger of a fast neutron nuclear reactor ensures the heat exchange between primary sodium coming from the core and secondary sodium.
  • Exchangers of this type include a bundle of tubes, the ends of which are fixed to tubular plates.
  • the relatively cold secondary sodium is brought to the lower tube plate through a conduit passing through the center of the tube bundle.
  • the secondary sodium rises in the tubes of the bundle and it is heated, as it rises, by the primary sodium which circulates outside against the current.
  • the rising secondary sodium updraft is channeled, at the beam exit, by an output collector.
  • the expansion compensators such as those of the French patent 2,225,710 or the British patent 1,138,144 or the English patent 1,532,757 have low thicknesses allowing deformations.
  • tubular bundle of which is formed of rectilinear tubes fixed to flat tubular plates in the form of crowns, the outlet manifold which surrounds the sodium inlet tube, above the bundle, being constituted an inner tubular jacket and an outer tubular jacket, coaxial and connected to each other at the top.
  • the assembly formed by the tubular bundle, the tubular plates and the outlet manifold is subjected to overall stresses due to pressure effects and to thermal dissymmetry effects in the tubular bundle and in the outlet manifold.
  • the thermal effects are relatively significant and are inherent in the design of the exchanger.
  • the exchange tubes of the tube bundle have different average temperatures depending on their positions relative to the axis of symmetry of the beam. This phenomenon tends to cause the tubular plates to flex.
  • there is a large temperature gradient in the secondary sodium flowing downstream from the upper tube plate of the tube bundle The temperature increases by going horizontally from the inner jacket to the outer jacket. This gradient generates significant stresses and deformations of this set.
  • the subject of the present invention is an outlet manifold channeling the sodium leaving the tube bundle of an exchanger and the inner jacket of which is capable of absorbing relative displacements of thermal origin, without significant constraint and without transmitting significant force to tube bundle.
  • the temperature differences on the liners of the outlet manifold do not significantly modify the overall mechanical balance of the exchanger.
  • the differential displacements of thermal origin are absorbed without the effects of pressure on the outlet manifold having a harmful effect on the beam.
  • the exchanger comprises an inlet tube which channels secondary sodium to a bundle of straight tubes fixed at their ends in tubular plates in rings and housed between two ferrules between which circulates primary sodium which heats said secondary sodium channeled at the outlet of said bundle by an annular outlet manifold formed by an inner tubular jacket and an outer tubular jacket connected to each other at the upper part and integral with said ferrules of the tubular bundle and it is characterized in that the wall of the inner jacket of the outlet manifold has a pleated part having a thickness of between 5 and 30 mm.
  • the intermediate exchanger shown in Figures 1 to 5 is arranged vertically in the reactor vessel.
  • the tank contains a mass of liquid coolant sodium used to transport the heat. It is radioactive and is called primary sodium.
  • the exchanger comprises exchange tubes 21 which are either completely straight or partially straight. In the latter case, each of the exchange tubes is provided with an expansion curve. These tubes are grouped in bundles and are fixed at their ends in the tubular plates 22 and 23. Each of these tubular plates has the shape of a crown.
  • the bundle of tubes 21 is housed between an external cylindrical shell 24 and a cylindrical shell 25 interior and coaxial with said external shell.
  • the outer shell 24 includes inlet windows 241 which are located below and close to the upper tubular ring 22. It also includes outlet windows 242 which are located above and near the inner tubular ring 23 .
  • the primary sodium circulates from top to bottom, around the exchange tubes 21.
  • the primary sodium which enters through the inlet windows 241 is at a temperature of approximately between 540 and 580 ° C.
  • the primary sodium which leaves the outlet windows 242 is at a temperature of approximately between 380 and 400 ° C.
  • the physical separation between the relatively hot primary sodium and the relatively cold primary sodium is ensured by a sealing plug 11 and a chimney 12 forming part of an assembly not shown.
  • the primary sodium stream heats a non-radioactive sodium stream called secondary sodium.
  • the secondary sodium is supplied from the top of the exchanger.
  • the secondary sodium is led to the bundle of tubes 21 by an inlet tube 4, the greatest length of which is in the form of a cylinder, the vertical axis of which coincides with the axis of the ferrules 24 and 25 of the bundle of tubes 21.
  • These exchange tubes 21 are arranged parallel to the vertical axis of the inlet tube and they surround it at its lower part.
  • the inlet tube 4 channels a downflow of relatively cold secondary sodium.
  • An inlet manifold 31 which forms a chamber 32 confines the secondary sodium from the outlet of the inlet tube 4 to the ends of the tubes 21 which are flush with the lower tubular crown 23.
  • the secondary sodium circulates inside the exchange tubes 21.
  • the ascending current of the secondary sodium is opposite to the descending current of the primary sodium.
  • the secondary sodium At the inlet of the exchange tubes 21, that is to say at the level of the tubular ring 23, the secondary sodium is relatively cold.
  • the secondary sodium At the outlet of the exchange tubes 21, that is to say at the level of the upper tubular ring 22, the secondary sodium is relatively hot.
  • the secondary sodium is channeled, at the outlet of the exchange tubes 21, through an outlet manifold 5 having a generally annular shape.
  • the secondary sodium has an upward movement until a connection 55 of the outlet tube.
  • This outlet manifold is constituted by an inner tubular liner secured to the ferrule 25 and by an outer tubular liner 52 secured to the ferrule 24. These two liners are coaxial.
  • Each of the liners of the outlet manifold has a general shape of revolution around the vertical axis of the inlet tube 4.
  • the inner jacket 51 surrounds the inlet tube 4 and its diameter is very slightly greater than that of this inlet tube.
  • the outer jacket includes a lower cylindrical shell 521 and an upper cylindrical shell 523 whose diameter is less than that of said lower shell.
  • a tapered ferrule 522 which converges in the direction of flow of the secondary sodium connects the two coaxial ferrules 521 and 523.
  • the two liners 51 and 52 are connected to each other, at the upper end, by a toric bottom so as to form an annular chamber.
  • An outer casing 61 is welded to the lower shell of the outer jacket of the outlet manifold. This envelope extends upward by enveloping the upper shell of the outer jacket. It is integral with a plug 7 which is supported on the slab 8.
  • a sealing bellows 9 isolates the annular space between the inner jacket 51 and the inlet tube 4 from the upper chamber delimited by the outer jacket 51 and the casing 62.
  • This chamber contains a gas.
  • the wall of the inner liner 51 has a pleated part, at least one fold of which is marked by a flank 511 which has a shape of a crown inscribed between two fictitious cylinders C1 and C2 centered on the axis of symmetry and whose diameters are different.
  • This pleated part forms a surface of revolution around the vertical axis of the ferrules of the tube bundle and of the inlet tube 4 and of an adjoining cylindrical part 516.
  • the sides 511 are substantially flat or slightly frustoconical. In the latter case, the angles at the top of the cones which surround them are substantially equal and close to 180 °.
  • Two adjacent sides 511 can be connected to each other by an intermediate collar 512 of small diameter, then forming, in hollow, an annular groove 53 open towards the outer jacket.
  • Two adjacent flanks 511 can be connected together by an external flange to two other flanks surrounding it.
  • the wall is profiled so as to form two opposite sides 511 which form an external annular groove 53. These sides are connected to a lower connection ring 514 and an upper connection ring 515.
  • the annular groove 53 is housed between these two ferrules and it is bathed in secondary sodium.
  • the collar of small diameter 512 forms the bottom of this throat.
  • the pleated part formed by the two opposite sides 511 is located inside the ferrule 521, in the part of the manifold chamber having the largest cross section.
  • the connecting ferrule 514 has a general frustoconical shape flaring upwards.
  • the small diameter of this connecting ferrule 514 is solid with the cylindrical part 516 of the jacket.
  • the upper connecting ring 515 has a generally sectional shape which widens downwards.
  • the small diameter of this upper ferrule is solid of the cylindrical part 517 of the jacket.
  • the pleated part of the wall of the inner liner forms an annular tooth marked by two sides 511 and by the outer flange 513.
  • This pleated part of the liner is connected downwards to a sectional ferrule 514 flaring upward which extends the lower cylindrical ferrule 516.
  • the outer flange 513 which externally connects the sides 511 forms the crest of the fold.
  • This pleated part is arranged in the upper part, near the toric bottom connecting the upper parts of the two shirts. It is therefore followed around the bellows 9 and above connection 55 through which the secondary sodium exits and inside the ferrule 523. It is connected upwards, by the ferrule 517, to this toric bottom.
  • the pleated part of the wall of the inner jacket has several sides 511 forming at least two grooves and / or at least two teeth centered on the vertical axis of the ferrules of the tubular bundle.
  • the outer edges of the flanks are joined by the outer flanges 513 of large diameter.
  • the inner edges are joined by inner flanges 512 of small diameter and arranged alternately with the flanges 513.
  • This pleated part is formed near the toric bottom connecting the upper part of the inner liner and the upper part of the outer liner, around of the bellows 9 and above the connection 55. It is connected downwards to the trôn josique ferrule 514 which widens upwards by extending the ferrule 516 and it is connected upwards by the ferrule 517 to the toric bottom.
  • the pleated part constitutes a half-toroidal bellows.
  • the wall of the inner metal jacket 51, in the pleated zone, has a thickness little different or equal to the thickness of the cylindrical parts of this jacket.
  • the thickness of the wall forming the pleated part is between 5 and 30 mm.
  • the pleated part is subjected on its outer surface to the pressure of sodium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Wärmeaustauscher mit einem Zulaufrohr (4) dans Sekundärnatrium bis zu einem Rohrbündel (21) leitet, dessen Rohre mit ihren Enden in kranzförmigen Rohrböden (22, 23) befestigt und zwischen zwei Mäntel (24, 25) angeordnet sind, zwischen denen das Primärnatrium fließt, das das Sekundärnatrium erhitzt, wobei dieses beim Austritt aus dem Rohrbündell von einer kreisförmigen Austrittssammelleitung (5) aufgenommen wird, die aus einer inneren Rohrhülle (51) und einer äusseren Rohrhülle (52) gebildet ist, die an dem Oberteil miteinander verbunden und an den Mäntel (24, 25) des Rohrbündels befestigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandung der Innenhülle (51) der Austrittssammelleitung ein Faltenteil (511, 512) mit einer Stärke zwischen 5 und 30 mm aufweist.
2. Wärmeaustauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faltenteil (511, 512) mindestens zwei über einen Bördelflansch (512) miteinander verbundene Seitenflanken (511) aufweist.
3. Wärmeaustauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faltenteil (511, 512) nach unten hin mit einem wesentlich abgestumpften, sich nach oben ausweitenden Mantel (514) verbunden ist, der an einem Zylinderteil (516) angeschlossen ist.
4. Wärmeaustauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faltenteil (511, 512) in der Nähe des Rohrbündels (21 ) angeordnet ist.
5. Wärmeaustauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Faltenteil (511, 512) in der Nähe des Oberteils der Rohrhülle (51) angeordnet ist.
EP79401003A 1978-12-12 1979-12-11 Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher Expired EP0012691B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7834945 1978-12-12
FR7834945A FR2444246A1 (fr) 1978-12-12 1978-12-12 Perfectionnements a un echangeur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0012691A1 EP0012691A1 (de) 1980-06-25
EP0012691B1 true EP0012691B1 (de) 1983-12-14

Family

ID=9215983

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79401003A Expired EP0012691B1 (de) 1978-12-12 1979-12-11 Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4377552A (de)
EP (1) EP0012691B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2966492D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2444246A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2483592A1 (fr) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-04 Stein Industrie Dispositif de reduction des contraintes thermiques sur un echangeur de chaleur
FR2500324A1 (fr) * 1981-02-24 1982-08-27 Stein Industrie Dispositif de melange homogene de liquides en ecoulement a des temperatures differentes
FR2524686A1 (fr) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-07 Novatome Dispositif de protection contre la chaleur et les radiations pour un echangeur de chaleur intermediaire plongeant dans une cuve de reacteur nucleaire
FR2535836A1 (fr) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-11 Novatome Echangeur de chaleur pour fluides a temperature elevee dont l'un des fluides entre et sort par la partie superieure de l'echangeur
FR2557280B1 (fr) * 1983-12-21 1986-03-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique Generateur de vapeur sodium-eau a tubes concentriques droits et a circulation de gaz dans l'espace annulaire
US4905757A (en) * 1987-11-06 1990-03-06 General Electric Company Compact intermediate heat transport system for sodium cooled reactor
US6695358B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2004-02-24 Chart, Inc. Controlled leak cryogenic bayonet pipe spool and system
AU8017800A (en) 1999-10-13 2001-04-23 Chart Inc. Vacuum-jacketed bayonet pipe spool and pipe spool system for cryogenic fluid
US6914955B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2005-07-05 Babcock & Wilcox Canada Ltd. Heat exchanger tube support structure
WO2004090412A1 (en) * 2003-04-02 2004-10-21 Chart Industries, Inc. Fluid piping systems and pipe spools suitable for sub sea use
CN101174482B (zh) * 2007-12-11 2010-12-22 中国原子能科学研究院 钠-空气热交换器
US9688927B2 (en) * 2012-09-13 2017-06-27 General Electric Company System for accommodating differential thermal expansion in syngas cooler
WO2016094069A1 (en) * 2014-12-11 2016-06-16 Fulton Group N.A., Inc. Ribbed tubeless heat exchanger for fluid heating systems including a rib component and methods of manufacture thereof
GB2548532B (en) 2014-12-11 2020-09-02 Fulton Group Na Inc Fully-wetted, refractory-free tubless fluid heating system with negligible thermal expansion stress

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US2468903A (en) * 1945-09-22 1949-05-03 Tech Studien Ag Vertical tubular heat exchanger
DE962171C (de) * 1953-12-12 1957-04-18 Basf Ag Waermetauscher
GB986681A (en) * 1962-01-02 1965-03-24 Metallurg Engineers Ltd Improvements in gas heat exchangers
US3187808A (en) * 1962-05-23 1965-06-08 American Schack Company Inc High temperature recuperator
DE1451198A1 (de) * 1964-06-27 1969-05-14 Basf Ag Rohrbuendel-Waermeaustauscher
GB1138144A (en) * 1966-04-19 1968-12-27 Gen Electric Composite tube type heat exchangers
US3490521A (en) * 1968-03-12 1970-01-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tube and shell heat exchanger
JPS4941378B1 (de) * 1970-07-21 1974-11-08
FR2096970B1 (de) * 1970-07-22 1974-09-20 Babcock Atlantique Sa
US3741167A (en) * 1971-03-02 1973-06-26 Foster Wheeler Corp Sodium heated steam generator
GB1447051A (en) * 1973-04-16 1976-08-25 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Tube-in-shell heat exchangers
US3850231A (en) * 1973-05-24 1974-11-26 Combustion Eng Lmfbr intermediate heat exchanger
DE2701148C3 (de) * 1977-01-13 1982-02-04 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Verwendung von schräg oder senkrecht angeordneten Wärmeaustauschern zur wasserfreien Entteerung und Entstaubung von heißem Generatorrohgas und zur Aufheizung von Generatorreingas
GB1532757A (en) * 1977-09-23 1978-11-22 Sulzer Ag Heat exchanger system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4377552A (en) 1983-03-22
FR2444246B1 (de) 1983-07-01
DE2966492D1 (en) 1984-01-19
EP0012691A1 (de) 1980-06-25
FR2444246A1 (fr) 1980-07-11

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