EP0012691B1 - Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher - Google Patents
Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0012691B1 EP0012691B1 EP79401003A EP79401003A EP0012691B1 EP 0012691 B1 EP0012691 B1 EP 0012691B1 EP 79401003 A EP79401003 A EP 79401003A EP 79401003 A EP79401003 A EP 79401003A EP 0012691 B1 EP0012691 B1 EP 0012691B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bundle
- sodium
- heat exchanger
- jacket
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
- F28D7/1669—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
- F28D1/0213—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for heating or cooling a liquid in a tank
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0054—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for nuclear applications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements to a nuclear reactor exchanger ensuring the transfer of heat between two streams of liquid refrigerant sodium.
- the exchanger according to the invention is intended to be used as a sodium-sodium intermediate exchanger in a fast neutron reactor.
- An intermediate exchanger of a fast neutron nuclear reactor ensures the heat exchange between primary sodium coming from the core and secondary sodium.
- Exchangers of this type include a bundle of tubes, the ends of which are fixed to tubular plates.
- the relatively cold secondary sodium is brought to the lower tube plate through a conduit passing through the center of the tube bundle.
- the secondary sodium rises in the tubes of the bundle and it is heated, as it rises, by the primary sodium which circulates outside against the current.
- the rising secondary sodium updraft is channeled, at the beam exit, by an output collector.
- the expansion compensators such as those of the French patent 2,225,710 or the British patent 1,138,144 or the English patent 1,532,757 have low thicknesses allowing deformations.
- tubular bundle of which is formed of rectilinear tubes fixed to flat tubular plates in the form of crowns, the outlet manifold which surrounds the sodium inlet tube, above the bundle, being constituted an inner tubular jacket and an outer tubular jacket, coaxial and connected to each other at the top.
- the assembly formed by the tubular bundle, the tubular plates and the outlet manifold is subjected to overall stresses due to pressure effects and to thermal dissymmetry effects in the tubular bundle and in the outlet manifold.
- the thermal effects are relatively significant and are inherent in the design of the exchanger.
- the exchange tubes of the tube bundle have different average temperatures depending on their positions relative to the axis of symmetry of the beam. This phenomenon tends to cause the tubular plates to flex.
- there is a large temperature gradient in the secondary sodium flowing downstream from the upper tube plate of the tube bundle The temperature increases by going horizontally from the inner jacket to the outer jacket. This gradient generates significant stresses and deformations of this set.
- the subject of the present invention is an outlet manifold channeling the sodium leaving the tube bundle of an exchanger and the inner jacket of which is capable of absorbing relative displacements of thermal origin, without significant constraint and without transmitting significant force to tube bundle.
- the temperature differences on the liners of the outlet manifold do not significantly modify the overall mechanical balance of the exchanger.
- the differential displacements of thermal origin are absorbed without the effects of pressure on the outlet manifold having a harmful effect on the beam.
- the exchanger comprises an inlet tube which channels secondary sodium to a bundle of straight tubes fixed at their ends in tubular plates in rings and housed between two ferrules between which circulates primary sodium which heats said secondary sodium channeled at the outlet of said bundle by an annular outlet manifold formed by an inner tubular jacket and an outer tubular jacket connected to each other at the upper part and integral with said ferrules of the tubular bundle and it is characterized in that the wall of the inner jacket of the outlet manifold has a pleated part having a thickness of between 5 and 30 mm.
- the intermediate exchanger shown in Figures 1 to 5 is arranged vertically in the reactor vessel.
- the tank contains a mass of liquid coolant sodium used to transport the heat. It is radioactive and is called primary sodium.
- the exchanger comprises exchange tubes 21 which are either completely straight or partially straight. In the latter case, each of the exchange tubes is provided with an expansion curve. These tubes are grouped in bundles and are fixed at their ends in the tubular plates 22 and 23. Each of these tubular plates has the shape of a crown.
- the bundle of tubes 21 is housed between an external cylindrical shell 24 and a cylindrical shell 25 interior and coaxial with said external shell.
- the outer shell 24 includes inlet windows 241 which are located below and close to the upper tubular ring 22. It also includes outlet windows 242 which are located above and near the inner tubular ring 23 .
- the primary sodium circulates from top to bottom, around the exchange tubes 21.
- the primary sodium which enters through the inlet windows 241 is at a temperature of approximately between 540 and 580 ° C.
- the primary sodium which leaves the outlet windows 242 is at a temperature of approximately between 380 and 400 ° C.
- the physical separation between the relatively hot primary sodium and the relatively cold primary sodium is ensured by a sealing plug 11 and a chimney 12 forming part of an assembly not shown.
- the primary sodium stream heats a non-radioactive sodium stream called secondary sodium.
- the secondary sodium is supplied from the top of the exchanger.
- the secondary sodium is led to the bundle of tubes 21 by an inlet tube 4, the greatest length of which is in the form of a cylinder, the vertical axis of which coincides with the axis of the ferrules 24 and 25 of the bundle of tubes 21.
- These exchange tubes 21 are arranged parallel to the vertical axis of the inlet tube and they surround it at its lower part.
- the inlet tube 4 channels a downflow of relatively cold secondary sodium.
- An inlet manifold 31 which forms a chamber 32 confines the secondary sodium from the outlet of the inlet tube 4 to the ends of the tubes 21 which are flush with the lower tubular crown 23.
- the secondary sodium circulates inside the exchange tubes 21.
- the ascending current of the secondary sodium is opposite to the descending current of the primary sodium.
- the secondary sodium At the inlet of the exchange tubes 21, that is to say at the level of the tubular ring 23, the secondary sodium is relatively cold.
- the secondary sodium At the outlet of the exchange tubes 21, that is to say at the level of the upper tubular ring 22, the secondary sodium is relatively hot.
- the secondary sodium is channeled, at the outlet of the exchange tubes 21, through an outlet manifold 5 having a generally annular shape.
- the secondary sodium has an upward movement until a connection 55 of the outlet tube.
- This outlet manifold is constituted by an inner tubular liner secured to the ferrule 25 and by an outer tubular liner 52 secured to the ferrule 24. These two liners are coaxial.
- Each of the liners of the outlet manifold has a general shape of revolution around the vertical axis of the inlet tube 4.
- the inner jacket 51 surrounds the inlet tube 4 and its diameter is very slightly greater than that of this inlet tube.
- the outer jacket includes a lower cylindrical shell 521 and an upper cylindrical shell 523 whose diameter is less than that of said lower shell.
- a tapered ferrule 522 which converges in the direction of flow of the secondary sodium connects the two coaxial ferrules 521 and 523.
- the two liners 51 and 52 are connected to each other, at the upper end, by a toric bottom so as to form an annular chamber.
- An outer casing 61 is welded to the lower shell of the outer jacket of the outlet manifold. This envelope extends upward by enveloping the upper shell of the outer jacket. It is integral with a plug 7 which is supported on the slab 8.
- a sealing bellows 9 isolates the annular space between the inner jacket 51 and the inlet tube 4 from the upper chamber delimited by the outer jacket 51 and the casing 62.
- This chamber contains a gas.
- the wall of the inner liner 51 has a pleated part, at least one fold of which is marked by a flank 511 which has a shape of a crown inscribed between two fictitious cylinders C1 and C2 centered on the axis of symmetry and whose diameters are different.
- This pleated part forms a surface of revolution around the vertical axis of the ferrules of the tube bundle and of the inlet tube 4 and of an adjoining cylindrical part 516.
- the sides 511 are substantially flat or slightly frustoconical. In the latter case, the angles at the top of the cones which surround them are substantially equal and close to 180 °.
- Two adjacent sides 511 can be connected to each other by an intermediate collar 512 of small diameter, then forming, in hollow, an annular groove 53 open towards the outer jacket.
- Two adjacent flanks 511 can be connected together by an external flange to two other flanks surrounding it.
- the wall is profiled so as to form two opposite sides 511 which form an external annular groove 53. These sides are connected to a lower connection ring 514 and an upper connection ring 515.
- the annular groove 53 is housed between these two ferrules and it is bathed in secondary sodium.
- the collar of small diameter 512 forms the bottom of this throat.
- the pleated part formed by the two opposite sides 511 is located inside the ferrule 521, in the part of the manifold chamber having the largest cross section.
- the connecting ferrule 514 has a general frustoconical shape flaring upwards.
- the small diameter of this connecting ferrule 514 is solid with the cylindrical part 516 of the jacket.
- the upper connecting ring 515 has a generally sectional shape which widens downwards.
- the small diameter of this upper ferrule is solid of the cylindrical part 517 of the jacket.
- the pleated part of the wall of the inner liner forms an annular tooth marked by two sides 511 and by the outer flange 513.
- This pleated part of the liner is connected downwards to a sectional ferrule 514 flaring upward which extends the lower cylindrical ferrule 516.
- the outer flange 513 which externally connects the sides 511 forms the crest of the fold.
- This pleated part is arranged in the upper part, near the toric bottom connecting the upper parts of the two shirts. It is therefore followed around the bellows 9 and above connection 55 through which the secondary sodium exits and inside the ferrule 523. It is connected upwards, by the ferrule 517, to this toric bottom.
- the pleated part of the wall of the inner jacket has several sides 511 forming at least two grooves and / or at least two teeth centered on the vertical axis of the ferrules of the tubular bundle.
- the outer edges of the flanks are joined by the outer flanges 513 of large diameter.
- the inner edges are joined by inner flanges 512 of small diameter and arranged alternately with the flanges 513.
- This pleated part is formed near the toric bottom connecting the upper part of the inner liner and the upper part of the outer liner, around of the bellows 9 and above the connection 55. It is connected downwards to the trôn josique ferrule 514 which widens upwards by extending the ferrule 516 and it is connected upwards by the ferrule 517 to the toric bottom.
- the pleated part constitutes a half-toroidal bellows.
- the wall of the inner metal jacket 51, in the pleated zone, has a thickness little different or equal to the thickness of the cylindrical parts of this jacket.
- the thickness of the wall forming the pleated part is between 5 and 30 mm.
- the pleated part is subjected on its outer surface to the pressure of sodium.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7834945 | 1978-12-12 | ||
FR7834945A FR2444246A1 (fr) | 1978-12-12 | 1978-12-12 | Perfectionnements a un echangeur de chaleur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0012691A1 EP0012691A1 (de) | 1980-06-25 |
EP0012691B1 true EP0012691B1 (de) | 1983-12-14 |
Family
ID=9215983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79401003A Expired EP0012691B1 (de) | 1978-12-12 | 1979-12-11 | Verbesserungen an einem Wärmetauscher |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4377552A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0012691B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2966492D1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2444246A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2483592A1 (fr) * | 1980-06-02 | 1981-12-04 | Stein Industrie | Dispositif de reduction des contraintes thermiques sur un echangeur de chaleur |
FR2500324A1 (fr) * | 1981-02-24 | 1982-08-27 | Stein Industrie | Dispositif de melange homogene de liquides en ecoulement a des temperatures differentes |
FR2524686A1 (fr) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-07 | Novatome | Dispositif de protection contre la chaleur et les radiations pour un echangeur de chaleur intermediaire plongeant dans une cuve de reacteur nucleaire |
FR2535836A1 (fr) * | 1982-11-05 | 1984-05-11 | Novatome | Echangeur de chaleur pour fluides a temperature elevee dont l'un des fluides entre et sort par la partie superieure de l'echangeur |
FR2557280B1 (fr) * | 1983-12-21 | 1986-03-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Generateur de vapeur sodium-eau a tubes concentriques droits et a circulation de gaz dans l'espace annulaire |
US4905757A (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1990-03-06 | General Electric Company | Compact intermediate heat transport system for sodium cooled reactor |
US6695358B2 (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2004-02-24 | Chart, Inc. | Controlled leak cryogenic bayonet pipe spool and system |
AU8017800A (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2001-04-23 | Chart Inc. | Vacuum-jacketed bayonet pipe spool and pipe spool system for cryogenic fluid |
US6914955B2 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2005-07-05 | Babcock & Wilcox Canada Ltd. | Heat exchanger tube support structure |
WO2004090412A1 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-10-21 | Chart Industries, Inc. | Fluid piping systems and pipe spools suitable for sub sea use |
CN101174482B (zh) * | 2007-12-11 | 2010-12-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 钠-空气热交换器 |
US9688927B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2017-06-27 | General Electric Company | System for accommodating differential thermal expansion in syngas cooler |
WO2016094069A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-16 | Fulton Group N.A., Inc. | Ribbed tubeless heat exchanger for fluid heating systems including a rib component and methods of manufacture thereof |
GB2548532B (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2020-09-02 | Fulton Group Na Inc | Fully-wetted, refractory-free tubless fluid heating system with negligible thermal expansion stress |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2468903A (en) * | 1945-09-22 | 1949-05-03 | Tech Studien Ag | Vertical tubular heat exchanger |
DE962171C (de) * | 1953-12-12 | 1957-04-18 | Basf Ag | Waermetauscher |
GB986681A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | 1965-03-24 | Metallurg Engineers Ltd | Improvements in gas heat exchangers |
US3187808A (en) * | 1962-05-23 | 1965-06-08 | American Schack Company Inc | High temperature recuperator |
DE1451198A1 (de) * | 1964-06-27 | 1969-05-14 | Basf Ag | Rohrbuendel-Waermeaustauscher |
GB1138144A (en) * | 1966-04-19 | 1968-12-27 | Gen Electric | Composite tube type heat exchangers |
US3490521A (en) * | 1968-03-12 | 1970-01-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Tube and shell heat exchanger |
JPS4941378B1 (de) * | 1970-07-21 | 1974-11-08 | ||
FR2096970B1 (de) * | 1970-07-22 | 1974-09-20 | Babcock Atlantique Sa | |
US3741167A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1973-06-26 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Sodium heated steam generator |
GB1447051A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1976-08-25 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Tube-in-shell heat exchangers |
US3850231A (en) * | 1973-05-24 | 1974-11-26 | Combustion Eng | Lmfbr intermediate heat exchanger |
DE2701148C3 (de) * | 1977-01-13 | 1982-02-04 | Steag Ag, 4300 Essen | Verwendung von schräg oder senkrecht angeordneten Wärmeaustauschern zur wasserfreien Entteerung und Entstaubung von heißem Generatorrohgas und zur Aufheizung von Generatorreingas |
GB1532757A (en) * | 1977-09-23 | 1978-11-22 | Sulzer Ag | Heat exchanger system |
-
1978
- 1978-12-12 FR FR7834945A patent/FR2444246A1/fr active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-12-06 US US06/100,873 patent/US4377552A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-12-11 DE DE7979401003T patent/DE2966492D1/de not_active Expired
- 1979-12-11 EP EP79401003A patent/EP0012691B1/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4377552A (en) | 1983-03-22 |
FR2444246B1 (de) | 1983-07-01 |
DE2966492D1 (en) | 1984-01-19 |
EP0012691A1 (de) | 1980-06-25 |
FR2444246A1 (fr) | 1980-07-11 |
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