EP0346326A1 - Snow shed and avalanche-breaking structure made of at least two snow sheds. - Google Patents

Snow shed and avalanche-breaking structure made of at least two snow sheds.

Info

Publication number
EP0346326A1
EP0346326A1 EP87907721A EP87907721A EP0346326A1 EP 0346326 A1 EP0346326 A1 EP 0346326A1 EP 87907721 A EP87907721 A EP 87907721A EP 87907721 A EP87907721 A EP 87907721A EP 0346326 A1 EP0346326 A1 EP 0346326A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
supports
snow
attached
slope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87907721A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0346326B1 (en
Inventor
Maximilian Friederici
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WOLFSEGG-TRAUNTHALER KOHLEN
WOLFSEGG TRAUNTHALER KOHLENWER
Original Assignee
WOLFSEGG-TRAUNTHALER KOHLEN
WOLFSEGG TRAUNTHALER KOHLENWER
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WOLFSEGG-TRAUNTHALER KOHLEN, WOLFSEGG TRAUNTHALER KOHLENWER filed Critical WOLFSEGG-TRAUNTHALER KOHLEN
Publication of EP0346326A1 publication Critical patent/EP0346326A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0346326B1 publication Critical patent/EP0346326B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a snow support system with a plurality of rusting woods arranged parallel to the slope surface, which are fastened to standing, substantially parallel to one another, preferably inclined to the slope surface, the lower ends of which are attached to the slope with a positive fit and each of which is held at the top by an inclined support supported on the slope by its lower ends. Furthermore, the invention relates to an avalanche barrier formed from at least two snow support systems.
  • the wooden sticks are fastened to steel girders which are concreted into the concrete foundations embedded in the slope floor.
  • the lower ends of the supports are also concreted into such foundations, the support feet and the support feet being connected to one another by concrete bars.
  • Such a construction is stable and can absorb the stresses that occur, but has various disadvantages.
  • the weight of the components of the snow support system is very high, which hinders construction, particularly in rough terrain.
  • the replacement of the heavy iron girders by lighter wooden girders is not possible, since wood does not allow concreting in because of the risk of decay.
  • the angle which the longitudinal axes of the beams and the supports enclose with one another is constant, so that adaptation to unevenness in the terrain is not possible or is possible only with difficulty.
  • the adjacent beams are combined to form an avalanche barrier to form a common beam, against which the sticks of the two fields, in order to offset the thickness of the sticks, rest together.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to improve a snow support of the type described so that its weight is lower and that its installation, even in uneven Terrain, is facilitated, the effective height of the Sch ⁇ eestweiltechnik always remains unchanged and the rustwood spacing can be chosen arbitrarily.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the beams formed by wood are fastened to the ends of the wooden sticks and are articulated to the supports by horizontal bolts, the support resting on the outside of the associated support, and in that the diagonal reinforcement is inclined to the Rust woods and woods running to the beams are provided, which are attached to the beams and / or to the rust woods.
  • the weight is first significantly reduced compared to the known construction described at the beginning, and the articulated connection of the girders to the supports means that the angle between the girder and the support can be adjusted to the most favorable value depending on the respective terrain adjust. Since the supports no longer have to be concreted in rigidly, there is no danger of the support timbers rotting, the diagonal reinforcement ensuring the necessary transverse rigidity of the snow support system.
  • the measure of having the ends of the wooden sticks closed with the supports, that is to say not arranging the wooden sticks substantially above the supports, makes it possible to connect adjacent individual supporting structures to form a continuous supporting structure and to assign the wooden sticks so that the full height of the work is always effective is.
  • the articulation of the supports with the supports also allows the inclination of the supports to be adjusted relative to the surface of the slope and the most favorable point for the foot of the support.
  • the lower ends of the carriers are horizontal and parallel to the rust wood by means of them penetrating bolt attached to retractable Wega ⁇ kern in the slope floor. This results in a pivoting possibility for the lower end of the beam relative to the slope, so that there is a further improved possibility of adaptation to the terrain.
  • the arrangement is expediently such that the bolts penetrate sheet metal tabs, which are attached to the tie rods and rest on the lower ends of the beams. This results in a perfect anchoring of the bolt ends and at the same time protection of the lower beam ends by sheet metal tabs.
  • the construction can be simplified in that the tabs for two adjacent supports are connected to a common shaped tube, which extends transversely to the tab plane and to which the tie rod is attached. This means that only one anchor foundation is required for two adjacent beams, which further reduces the effort and the work required on the spot.
  • the lower ends of the girders can, according to the invention, rest on a concrete foundation over part, preferably about a third, of their lateral surface on the valley side.
  • this concrete foundation can be penetrated by a water drainage channel, for example in the form of a hose, which, inclined downwards from the lower end of the support or from the molded pipe, leads to the valley-side edge of the concrete foundation and removes any water reaching the lower end of the support. This effectively counteracts rotting of the lower ends of the support.
  • the lower end of each support is expediently attached to a base plate anchored to the hanging floor, for example by means of a dome of the base plate entering the front end of the support wood.
  • the invention makes it possible, in a particularly favorable manner, to build avalanche structures in the form of continuous support structures from individual support structures placed side by side.
  • a preferred embodiment in the context of the invention is that the two adjacent supports, together with the support arranged in between and common to the two snow support systems, are connected by a common bolt. This further reduces the effort.
  • the two adjacent supports of the two individual support structures are therefore separated from one another only by a single support, so that the grating posts of the two support structures move close together and there is no interruption of the snow support between the two individual support structures.
  • the rust wood can protrude slightly, ie a maximum of half the supporting wood thickness, over the profile of the beams.
  • a common foundation is expediently provided, which is the place and place necessary concreting work reduced.
  • FIG.l shows an end view of a continuous snow support, seen from the mountain side.
  • Fig.2 is a section along the line II-II of Fig.l. 3 shows the detail indicated in FIG. 1 with III on a larger scale, partly in section, and
  • FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of FIG.
  • the snow support system has rust wood 2, which is arranged parallel to one another and runs parallel to a horizontal lying on the slope surface 1 and is nailed to wooden supports 3 in the region of their ends on the mountain side.
  • the distance between two adjacent wooden sticks 2 against the hanging surface 1 expediently decreases in order to be able to better withstand greater snow pressure in the vicinity of the hanging surface 1.
  • Each support 3 is assigned an inclined support 4 made of wood, which is articulated to the support 3 by means of a horizontal bolt 5 made of steel.
  • two such supports 4 are provided, each on the outside of the associated support 3.
  • the transverse forces are absorbed by a diagonal reinforcement, which is formed by woods 6 which run obliquely to the Rosthölzer ⁇ 2 and the beams 3, which abut the beams 3 on the valley side and are screwed to them by means of frame screws.
  • the ends of the sticks 2 do not protrude, or only slightly, over the circumference of the supports 3, so that any angle between the longitudinal axis of the support 3 and the associated support 4 can be set without the sticks 2 hindering this .
  • foundations 7 and 8 are provided in the slope surface 1.
  • Each support 3 is fastened to its foundation 7 so that the tensile forces acting on the support 3 can be absorbed.
  • a shallow pit 9 is first produced in the slope surface, in which a tie rod 10 is sunk in the slope and cast with a concrete base 11 which is L-shaped in cross section.
  • a form tube 12 is then placed on the tie rod 10 and secured against being pulled off with a screw nut 13 (FIG. 3, 4).
  • individual supporting structures can be easily connected to a continuous supporting structure shoring, the wooden sticks 2 being arranged everywhere so that the full height of the working structure is always effective.
  • Such training is shown in more detail in Figure 3. It reduces the effort, especially since the support 4 lying between adjacent individual support structures is common for the two individual support structures and is pivotably connected to the two supports 3 adjacent to the support 4 adjacent by a common horizontal bolt 5.
  • an edge reinforcement 22 is expediently provided, which is made up of CLOSED at least one, preferably two or three supports 3 that are closely adjacent to one another, but is basically the same as the individual support structure.
  • any water that collects in the foundation 7 is drained off through a hose 23 which passes through the concrete base 11 and leads downwards from the lower end of the support 3 or from the molded tube 12 to the valley-side edge of the foundation 7.
  • the conventional dead man anchor can also be used, in which a horizontal crosspiece is fastened to the lower end of the support 3 and is embedded in the floor and thus offers the necessary pull-out resistance.
  • the diagonal stiffeners 6 provided for diagonal stiffening can optionally also be arranged on the mountain side and connected to the grate 2 in this case.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

Une grille à neige comprend un grillage en bois (2) soutenu par des poutres (3) ancrées par tension sur la surface (1) d'une pente par des tirants d'ancrage (10). Des montants (4) de support de ces poutres (3) sont articulés avec celles-ci par des boulons horizontaux (5). Un boisage diagonal de renforcement (6) sert à absorber des forces transversales. Les bois (2) formant le grillage ne s'étendent pas latéralement au-delà des poutres (3), de sorte qu'il est possible de relier sans problèmes des grilles à neige adjacentes pour former une structure continue.A snow grate comprises a wooden grid (2) supported by beams (3) anchored by tension on the surface (1) of a slope by anchor rods (10). Amounts (4) for supporting these beams (3) are articulated with these by horizontal bolts (5). Diagonal reinforcing woodwork (6) is used to absorb transverse forces. The woods (2) forming the grid do not extend laterally beyond the beams (3), so that it is possible to connect adjacent snow grids without problems to form a continuous structure.

Description

Schneestützwerk und ein aus zumindest zwei Schneestüzwerken gebildeter Lawinenverbau Snow support system and an avalanche barrier made up of at least two snow support systems
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Schneestützwerk mit mehreren parallel zur Hangoberfläche angeordneten Rosthölzern, die an stehenden, im wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufenden, vorzugsweise zur Norma¬ len auf die Hangoberfläche geneigten, Trägern befestigt sind, deren unte¬ re Enden am Hang zugschlüssig befestigt sind und deren jeder oben durch eine schräge, mit ihren unteren Enden am Hang abgestützte Stütze gehalten ist. Weiters bezieht sich die Erfindung auf einen aus zumindest zwei Schneestützwerken gebildeten Lawinenverbau.The invention relates to a snow support system with a plurality of rusting woods arranged parallel to the slope surface, which are fastened to standing, substantially parallel to one another, preferably inclined to the slope surface, the lower ends of which are attached to the slope with a positive fit and each of which is held at the top by an inclined support supported on the slope by its lower ends. Furthermore, the invention relates to an avalanche barrier formed from at least two snow support systems.
Bei einem bekannten Schneestützwerk der eingangs beschriebenen Art sind die Rosthölzer an Stahlträgern befestigt, die in in den Hangboden eingelassene Betonfundamente einbetoniert sind. Ebenso sind die Stützen mit ihren unteren Enden in solche Fundamente einbetoniert, wobei die Stϋtzenfuπdameπte und die Trägerfuπdameπte durch Betonriegel miteinander verbunden sind. Eine solche Konstruktion ist zwar stabil und kann die auftretenden Beanspruchungen gut aufnehmen, hat jedoch verschiedene Nach¬ teile. So ist das Gewicht der Bauteile des Schneestützwerkes sehr hoch, was die Errichtung, insbesondere in unwegsamem Gelände, behindert. Der Ersatz der schweren Eisenträger durch leichtere Holzträger ist nicht mög¬ lich, da Holz eine Einbetonierung wegen der Fäulπisgefahr nicht zuläßt. Nachteilig ist auch, daß der Winkel, den die Längsachsen der Träger und der Stützen miteinander einschließen, konstant ist, so daß eine Anpassung an Unebenheiten des Geländes nicht oder nur schwierig möglich ist. Um das" Gewicht zu verringern, werden daher bei Nebeπeinaπderanordnung zweier Felder . zu einem Lawinenverbau die einander benachbarten Träger zu einem gemeinsamen Träger vereinigt, an welchem die Rosthölzer der beiden Fel¬ der, um die Rostholzstärke gegeneinander versetzt, gemeinsam anliegen. Dies verringert in jedem zweiten Feld die wirksame Bauhöhe des Schnee¬ stützwerkes um die Rostholzstärke und macht es unmöglich, den Abstand zwischen zwei einander benachbarten Rosthölzern jedes Feldes geringer zu halten als die Rostholzstärke, was im unteren Teil des Schneestützwerkes aber erwünscht ist, da dort der einwirkende Schneedruck größer ist als oben.In a known snow support system of the type described in the introduction, the wooden sticks are fastened to steel girders which are concreted into the concrete foundations embedded in the slope floor. The lower ends of the supports are also concreted into such foundations, the support feet and the support feet being connected to one another by concrete bars. Such a construction is stable and can absorb the stresses that occur, but has various disadvantages. The weight of the components of the snow support system is very high, which hinders construction, particularly in rough terrain. The replacement of the heavy iron girders by lighter wooden girders is not possible, since wood does not allow concreting in because of the risk of decay. It is also disadvantageous that the angle which the longitudinal axes of the beams and the supports enclose with one another is constant, so that adaptation to unevenness in the terrain is not possible or is possible only with difficulty. In order to reduce the "weight, therefore, when two fields are arranged next to one another, the adjacent beams are combined to form an avalanche barrier to form a common beam, against which the sticks of the two fields, in order to offset the thickness of the sticks, rest together. This reduces each second field, the effective overall height of the snow support structure by the thickness of the rust wood and makes it impossible to keep the distance between two adjacent rust woods of each field less than the thickness of the rust wood, which is desirable in the lower part of the snow support structure, since the snow pressure acting there is greater as above.
Die Erfindung setzt sich zur Aufgabe, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Schneestützwerk der eingangs geschilderten Art so zu verbessern, daß sein Gewicht geringer ist und daß seine Aufstellung, auch in unebenem Gelände, erleichtert wird, wobei die wirksame Bauhöhe des Schπeestütz- werkes stets unverändert bleibt und der Rostholzabstand beliebig gewählt werden kann. Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß die von Höl¬ zern gebildeten Träger an den Enden der Rosthölzer befestigt und mit den Stützen durch horizontale Bolzen gelenkig verbunden sind, wobei die Stütze außen am zugehörigen Träger anliegt, und daß zur Diagonalverstei¬ fung schräg zu den Rosthölzern und zu den Trägern verlaufende Hölzer vor¬ gesehen sind, die an den Trägern und bzw. oder an den Rosthölzern befe¬ stigt sind. Durch die Verwendung von Holzträgern wird zunächst das Ge- wicht gegenüber der eingangs geschilderten bekannten Konstruktion wesent¬ lich gesenkt und durch die gelenkige Verbindung der Träger mit den Stützen läßt sich der Winkel zwischen Träger und Stütze auf den jeweils günstigsten Wert in Abhängigkeit vom jeweils vorliegenden Gelände ein¬ stellen. Da die Stützen nicht mehr starr einbetoniert werden müssen, ent- fällt die Gefahr eines Faulens der Stützeπhölzer, wobei die nötige Quer- steifigkeit des Schneestützwerkes durch die Diagonalversteifung sicher¬ gestellt wird. Die Maßnahme, die Enden der Rosthölzer mit den Trägern abschließen zu lassen, also die Rosthölzer nicht wesentlich vorstehend über die Träger anzuordnen, ermöglicht es, benachbarte Einzelstützwerke zu einem durchgehenden Stützwerk zu verbinden und die Rosthölzer so an¬ zuordnen, daß stets die volle Werkhöhe wirksam ist.The invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to improve a snow support of the type described so that its weight is lower and that its installation, even in uneven Terrain, is facilitated, the effective height of the Schπeestützwerk always remains unchanged and the rustwood spacing can be chosen arbitrarily. The invention solves this problem in that the beams formed by wood are fastened to the ends of the wooden sticks and are articulated to the supports by horizontal bolts, the support resting on the outside of the associated support, and in that the diagonal reinforcement is inclined to the Rust woods and woods running to the beams are provided, which are attached to the beams and / or to the rust woods. By using wooden girders, the weight is first significantly reduced compared to the known construction described at the beginning, and the articulated connection of the girders to the supports means that the angle between the girder and the support can be adjusted to the most favorable value depending on the respective terrain adjust. Since the supports no longer have to be concreted in rigidly, there is no danger of the support timbers rotting, the diagonal reinforcement ensuring the necessary transverse rigidity of the snow support system. The measure of having the ends of the wooden sticks closed with the supports, that is to say not arranging the wooden sticks substantially above the supports, makes it possible to connect adjacent individual supporting structures to form a continuous supporting structure and to assign the wooden sticks so that the full height of the work is always effective is.
Geringe Beträge, um welche die Rosthölzer über die Träger vorstehen, beeinträchtigen die Erfindung nicht, solange dieses Maß nicht größer ist als die halbe Stärke des Stützeπholzes. Dadurch wird gesichert, daß be- nachbarte Schneestützwerke so angeordnet werden, daß jeweils eine Stütze für zwei einander benachbarte Stützwerke gemeinsam ist.Small amounts by which the rust wood protrude above the carrier do not affect the invention as long as this dimension is not greater than half the thickness of the support wood. This ensures that neighboring snow support structures are arranged so that one support is common to two adjacent support structures.
Beim Erfindungsgegenstand läßt sich durch die gelenkige Verbindung der Träger mit den Stützen auch die Neigung der Träger relativ zur Hang¬ oberfläche einstellen und für den Fuß der Stütze der jeweils günstigste Punkt wählen. Um bei dieser Verschwenkung des Trägers relativ zur Haπg- oberfläche nicht mit der zugschlüssigeπ Verbindung des unteren Trägereπ- des mit dem Hang in Schwierigkeiten zu kommen, sind gemäß einer Weiter¬ bildung der Erfindung die unteren Enden der Träger mittels sie horizontal und parallel zu den Rosthölzern durchsetzender Bolzen an im Hangboden versenkbaren Zugaπkern befestigt. Dies ergibt eine Schweπkmöglichkeit für das untere Trägerende relativ zum Hang, so daß eine weiters verbesserte Anpassungsmöglichkeit an das Gelände gegeben ist. Hiebei ist die Anord¬ nung zweckmäßig so getroffen, daß die Bolzen Blechlaschen durchsetzen, die an den Zugankern befestigt sind und an den unteren Enden der Träger anliegen. Dies ergibt eine einwandfreie Verankerung der Bolzenenden und zugleich einen Schutz der unteren Trägerenden durch Blechlaschen. Hiebei läßt sich die Konstruktion dadurch vereinfachen, daß die Laschen für je- weils zwei einander benachbarte Träger mit einem gemeinsamen, quer zur Laschenebene verlaufenden Formrohr verbunden sind, an dem der Zuganker befestigt ist. Dies bedeutet, daß für zwei einander benachbarte Träger nur ein Ankerfundament erforderlich ist, was den Aufwand und die an Ort und Stelle nötige Arbeit weiter senkt. Um die Abstützung der Träger am Hangboden in Richtung der auftreten¬ den Schneelast zu verbessern, können erfinduπgsgemäß die unteren Enden der Träger über einen Teil, vorzugsweise etwa ein Drittel, ihrer Mantel¬ fläche talseitig an einem Betonfundament anliegen. Dieses Betonfundament kann im Rahmen der Erfindung von einem Wasserableitkaπal, z.B. in Form eines Schlauches, durchsetzt sein, welcher vom unteren Ende des Trägers bzw. vom Formrohr nach unten geneigt zum talseitigen Rand des Betonfunda¬ mentes führt und allfälliges zum unteren Trägerende gelangendes Wasser abführt. Einer Fäulnis der unteren Trägerenden wird dadurch wirksam ent¬ gegengewirkt. Das untere Ende jeder Stütze ist zweckmäßig im Rahmen der Erfindung an einer am Haπgboden verankerten Grundplatte rutschsicher, z.B. mittels eines in das Stirnende des Stϋtzenholzes eintretenden Domes der Grund¬ platte, befestigt.In the subject matter of the invention, the articulation of the supports with the supports also allows the inclination of the supports to be adjusted relative to the surface of the slope and the most favorable point for the foot of the support. In order not to get into difficulties with the traction-locking connection of the lower carrier end with the slope during this pivoting of the carrier relative to the hanging surface, according to a further development of the invention, the lower ends of the carriers are horizontal and parallel to the rust wood by means of them penetrating bolt attached to retractable Zugaπkern in the slope floor. This results in a pivoting possibility for the lower end of the beam relative to the slope, so that there is a further improved possibility of adaptation to the terrain. The arrangement is expediently such that the bolts penetrate sheet metal tabs, which are attached to the tie rods and rest on the lower ends of the beams. This results in a perfect anchoring of the bolt ends and at the same time protection of the lower beam ends by sheet metal tabs. The construction can be simplified in that the tabs for two adjacent supports are connected to a common shaped tube, which extends transversely to the tab plane and to which the tie rod is attached. This means that only one anchor foundation is required for two adjacent beams, which further reduces the effort and the work required on the spot. In order to improve the support of the girders on the slope floor in the direction of the snow load that occurs, the lower ends of the girders can, according to the invention, rest on a concrete foundation over part, preferably about a third, of their lateral surface on the valley side. In the context of the invention, this concrete foundation can be penetrated by a water drainage channel, for example in the form of a hose, which, inclined downwards from the lower end of the support or from the molded pipe, leads to the valley-side edge of the concrete foundation and removes any water reaching the lower end of the support. This effectively counteracts rotting of the lower ends of the support. In the context of the invention, the lower end of each support is expediently attached to a base plate anchored to the hanging floor, for example by means of a dome of the base plate entering the front end of the support wood.
Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, ermöglicht es die Erfindung in besoπ- ders günstiger Weise, Lawinenverbauten in Form durchgehender Stützwerke aus nebeneinander gestellten Einzelstützwerken zu errichten. Hiebei be¬ steht eine bevorzugte Ausführuπgsform im Rahmen der Erfindung darin, daß die beiden einander benachbarten Träger samt der dazwischen angeordneten, den beiden Schneestützwerken gemeinsamen Stütze durch einen gemeinsamen Bolzen verbunden sind. Dadurch wird der Aufwand weiter gesenkt. Die bei¬ den einander benachbarten Träger der beiden Einzelstützwerke sind also nur durch eine einzige Stütze voneinander getrennt, so daß die Rosthözer der beiden Stützwerke eng aneinander heranrücken und zwischen den beiden Einzelstützwerken keine Unterbrechung der Schneeabstützung entsteht. Ge- gebeneπfalls können die Rosthölzer geringfügig, d.h. maximal um die halbe Stützholzstärke, über das Profil der Träger vorstehen. Für die unteren Enden einander benachbarte Träger zweier benachbarter Stützwerke ist zweckmäßig jeweils ein gemeinsames Fundament vorgesehen, was die an Ort und Stelle nötige Betonierarbeit reduziert.As already mentioned at the beginning, the invention makes it possible, in a particularly favorable manner, to build avalanche structures in the form of continuous support structures from individual support structures placed side by side. A preferred embodiment in the context of the invention is that the two adjacent supports, together with the support arranged in between and common to the two snow support systems, are connected by a common bolt. This further reduces the effort. The two adjacent supports of the two individual support structures are therefore separated from one another only by a single support, so that the grating posts of the two support structures move close together and there is no interruption of the snow support between the two individual support structures. If necessary, the rust wood can protrude slightly, ie a maximum of half the supporting wood thickness, over the profile of the beams. For the lower ends of adjacent beams of two neighboring support structures, a common foundation is expediently provided, which is the place and place necessary concreting work reduced.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schema¬ tisch dargestellt. Fig.l zeigt eine Stirnansicht eines durchgehenden Schneestützwerkes, von der Bergseite her gesehen. Fig.2 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie II-II der Fig.l. Fig.3 zeigt das in Fig.l mit III angedeu¬ tete Detail in größerem Maßstab, teilweise im Schnitt, und Fig.4 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig.2.In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. Fig.l shows an end view of a continuous snow support, seen from the mountain side. Fig.2 is a section along the line II-II of Fig.l. 3 shows the detail indicated in FIG. 1 with III on a larger scale, partly in section, and FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of FIG.
Das Schneestützwerk hat parallel zueinander angeordnete und parallel zu einer in der Hangoberfläche 1 liegenden Horizontalen verlaufende Rost- hölzer 2, die im Bereich ihrer Enden an der Bergseite stehender Träger 3 aus Holz angenagelt sind. Zweckmäßig verringert sich der Abstand zweier benachbarter Rosthölzer 2 gegen die Haπgoberflache 1 zu, um- dem in der Nachbarschaft der Haπgoberfläche 1 größeren Schneedruck besser standhal¬ ten zu können. Jedem Träger 3 ist eine schräge Stütze 4 aus Holz zugeord- net, die mittels eines horizontalen Bolzens 5 aus Stahl gelenkig mit dem Träger 3 verbunden ist. Für ein Einzelstützwerk sind zwei solche Stützen 4, jeweils an der Außenseite des zugehörigen Trägers 3, vorgesehen. Die Aufnahme der Querkräfte erfolgt durch eine Diagonalversteifuπg, die von schräg zu den Rosthölzerπ 2 und zu den Trägern 3 verlaufenden Hölzern 6 gebildet sind, die talseitig an den Trägern 3 anliegen und mit diesen mittels Gestellschrauben verschraubt sind. Die Rosthölzer 2 stehen mit ihren Enden nicht oder nur geringfügig über den Umfang der Träger 3 nach außen vor, so daß jeder beliebige Winkel zwischen der Längsachse des Trä¬ gers 3 und der zugehörigen Stütze 4 eingestellt werden kann, ohne daß die Rosthölzer 2 dies behindern.The snow support system has rust wood 2, which is arranged parallel to one another and runs parallel to a horizontal lying on the slope surface 1 and is nailed to wooden supports 3 in the region of their ends on the mountain side. The distance between two adjacent wooden sticks 2 against the hanging surface 1 expediently decreases in order to be able to better withstand greater snow pressure in the vicinity of the hanging surface 1. Each support 3 is assigned an inclined support 4 made of wood, which is articulated to the support 3 by means of a horizontal bolt 5 made of steel. For such an individual support structure, two such supports 4 are provided, each on the outside of the associated support 3. The transverse forces are absorbed by a diagonal reinforcement, which is formed by woods 6 which run obliquely to the Rosthölzerπ 2 and the beams 3, which abut the beams 3 on the valley side and are screwed to them by means of frame screws. The ends of the sticks 2 do not protrude, or only slightly, over the circumference of the supports 3, so that any angle between the longitudinal axis of the support 3 and the associated support 4 can be set without the sticks 2 hindering this .
Für die Träger 3 und die Stützen 4 sind in der Hangoberfläche 1 Fun¬ damente 7 bzw.8 vorgesehen. An seinem Fundament 7 ist jeder Träger 3 zug¬ schlüssig befestigt, so daß die auf den Träger 3 wirkenden Zugkräfte auf¬ genommen werden können. Hiezu wird zunächst in der Hangoberfläche eine seichte Grube 9 hergestellt, in der ein Zuganker 10 im Hang versenkt und mit einem im Querschnitt L-förmigeπ Betonsockεl 11 umgössen wird. Auf den Zuganker 10 wird sodann ein Fαrmrohr 12 aufgesteckt und mit einer Schrau¬ benmutter 13 (Fig.3,4) gegen Abziehen gesichert. Am Formrohr 12 sind zwei das untere Ende des Trägers 3 seitlich umgreifende Blechlaschen 14 ange- schweißt, an denen das untere Ende des Trägers 3 mittels eines die Blech¬ laschen 14 und dieses Trägerende durchsetzenden horizontalen Bolzens 15 gelenkig befestigt wird. Der Bolzen 15 wird sodann mittels einer Schrau¬ benmutter 16 gesichert. Nach Einstellung des Trägers 3 auf die gewünschte Winkellage relativ zur Hangoberfläche 1 wird der verbleibende Spalt zwi¬ schen dem Betonsockel 11 und dem unteren Ende des Trägers 3 derart mit Beton 17 ausgegossen, daß sich für den Träger 3 ein Einbettungswinkel (Fig.4) von etwa 120° ergibt. Auf diese Weise ist das untere Ende des Trägers 3 satt aufliegend abgestützt, so daß die vom Schnee ausgeübte Be¬ lastung gut aufgenommen werden kann und dennoch das Holz des Trägers 3 atmen kann, so daß ein Faulen des Holzes nicht zu befürchten ist.For the supports 3 and the supports 4, foundations 7 and 8 are provided in the slope surface 1. Each support 3 is fastened to its foundation 7 so that the tensile forces acting on the support 3 can be absorbed. For this purpose, a shallow pit 9 is first produced in the slope surface, in which a tie rod 10 is sunk in the slope and cast with a concrete base 11 which is L-shaped in cross section. A form tube 12 is then placed on the tie rod 10 and secured against being pulled off with a screw nut 13 (FIG. 3, 4). On the shaped tube 12, two sheet-metal brackets 14 which laterally encompass the lower end of the support 3 are welded, to which the lower end of the support 3 is articulated by means of a horizontal bolt 15 passing through the sheet-metal brackets 14 and this end of the support. The bolt 15 is then secured by means of a screw nut 16. After setting the carrier 3 to the desired one Angular position relative to the slope surface 1, the remaining gap between the concrete base 11 and the lower end of the beam 3 is poured with concrete 17 such that an embedding angle (FIG. 4) of approximately 120 ° results for the beam 3. In this way, the lower end of the carrier 3 is supported so that the load exerted by the snow can be well absorbed and the wood of the carrier 3 can still breathe, so that there is no need to fear that the wood will rot.
Für das untere Ende der Stütze 4 ist gleichfalls eine seichte Grube 18 in der Hangoberfläche 1 vorhanden, in welcher das Fundament 8 einen Betonsockel 19 aufweist, auf welchem eine Grundplatte 20 aus Stahl veran¬ kert ist, die oben einen in das Stirnende des Holzes der Stütze 4 ein¬ tretenden Dorn 21 hat.For the lower end of the support 4 there is also a shallow pit 18 in the slope surface 1, in which the foundation 8 has a concrete base 19, on which a base plate 20 made of steel is anchored, which at the top one in the front of the wood Support 4 entering mandrel 21 has.
Wie bereits erwähnt, lassen sich einzelne Stützwerke problemlos zu einem durchgehenden Stützwerkverbau verbinden, wobei die Rosthölzer 2 überall so angeordnet sind, daß stets die volle Werkhöhe wirksam ist. Hiezu ist es zweckmäßig, die Blechlaschen 14 für jeweils zwei einander benachbarte Träger 3 mit einem gemeinsamen Formrohr 12 zu verbinden, wel¬ ches quer zur Ebene der einzelnen Laschen verläuft und an einem gemeinsa¬ men Zugaπker 10 befestigt ist. Eine solche Ausbildung ist in Fig.3 näher dargestellt. Sie reduziert den Aufwand, zumal die zwischen benachbarten Einzelstützwerken liegende Stütze 4 für die beiden Einzelstützwerke ge¬ meinsam ist und mit einem gemeinsamen horizontalen Bolzen 5 mit den bei¬ den der Stütze 4 benachbarten Trägern 3 schwenkbar verbunden ist. Dies erhöht auch die Quersteifigkeit des gesamten Stützwerkes, die noch weiter dadurch erhöht werden kann, daß die zur Diagonalversteifung schräg ver¬ laufenden Hölzer 6 über beide einander benachbarte Träger 3 reichen und mit diesen beiden Trägern verschraubt sind. Für die am gemeinsamen Form¬ rohr 12 verankerten Träger 3 zweier benachbarter Einzelstützwerke ist zweckmäßig ein gemeinsames Fundament 7 vorhanden. Am Rand des aus zwei oder mehr Einzelstützwerkeπ aufgebauten Gesamt¬ stützwerkes ist zweckmäßig eine Randverstärkuπg 22 vorhanden, die aus ZU mindest einem, vorzugsweise zwei oder drei eng einander benachbarten Trä¬ gern 3 aufgebaut ist, in ihren Grundzügen aber dem Einzelstützwerk gleicht. Allfälliges sich in dem Fundament 7 sammelndes Wasser wird durch ei¬ nen Schlauch 23 abgeleitet, der den Betonsockel 11 durchsetzt und vom un¬ teren Ende des Trägers 3 bzw.vom Formrohr 12 nach unten geneigt zum tal- seitiαen Rand des Fundamentes 7 führt. Statt der Verankerung mittels eines Zugankers 10 kann gegebenenfalls auch die herkömmliche Tot-Mann-Ankerung Verwendung finden, bei welcher am unteren Ende des Trägers 3 ein horizontales Querstück befestigt ist, das in den Boden eingebettet ist und derart den nötigen Ausziehwiderstaπd bietet.As already mentioned, individual supporting structures can be easily connected to a continuous supporting structure shoring, the wooden sticks 2 being arranged everywhere so that the full height of the working structure is always effective. For this purpose, it is expedient to connect the sheet metal brackets 14 for two mutually adjacent supports 3 to a common molded tube 12, which runs transversely to the plane of the individual brackets and is fastened to a common tie rod 10. Such training is shown in more detail in Figure 3. It reduces the effort, especially since the support 4 lying between adjacent individual support structures is common for the two individual support structures and is pivotably connected to the two supports 3 adjacent to the support 4 adjacent by a common horizontal bolt 5. This also increases the transverse rigidity of the entire support structure, which can be further increased by the fact that the wood 6, which runs diagonally to reinforce diagonally, extends over both adjacent supports 3 and is screwed to these two supports. A common foundation 7 is expediently provided for the beams 3 of two adjacent individual support structures anchored to the common shaped tube 12. At the edge of the overall support structure constructed from two or more individual support structures, an edge reinforcement 22 is expediently provided, which is made up of CLOSED at least one, preferably two or three supports 3 that are closely adjacent to one another, but is basically the same as the individual support structure. Any water that collects in the foundation 7 is drained off through a hose 23 which passes through the concrete base 11 and leads downwards from the lower end of the support 3 or from the molded tube 12 to the valley-side edge of the foundation 7. Instead of anchoring by means of a tie rod 10, the conventional dead man anchor can also be used, in which a horizontal crosspiece is fastened to the lower end of the support 3 and is embedded in the floor and thus offers the necessary pull-out resistance.
Die zur Diagonalversteifung vorgesehenen schrägen Hölzer 6 können gegebenenfalls auch an der Bergseite angeordnet und dabei mit den Rost¬ hölzern 2 verbunden sein. The diagonal stiffeners 6 provided for diagonal stiffening can optionally also be arranged on the mountain side and connected to the grate 2 in this case.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Schneestützwerk mit mehreren parallel zur Hangoberfläche (1) an¬ geordneten Rosthölzern (2), die an stehenden, im wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufenden, vorzugsweise zur Normalen auf die Hangoberfläche (1) geneigten, Trägern (3) befestigt sind, deren untere Enden am Hang zugschlüssig befestigt sind und deren jeder oben durch eine schräge, mit ihrem unteren Ende am Hang abgestützte Stütze (4) gehalten ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von Hölzern gebildeten Träger (3) an den Enden der Rosthölzer (2) befestigt und mit den Stützen (4) durch horizontale Bolzen (5) gelenkig verbunden sind, wobei die Stütze (4) außen am zugehö¬ rigen Träger (3) anliegt, und daß zur Diagonalversteifung schräg zu den Rosthölzern (2) und zu den Trägern (3) verlaufende Hölzer (6) vorgesehen sind, die an den Trägern (3) und bzw.oder an den Rosthölzern (2) befe- stigt sind.1. Snow support structure with a plurality of rusting woods (2) arranged parallel to the slope surface (1), which are attached to standing, essentially parallel to each other, preferably inclined to the normal on the slope surface (1), supports (3), whose lower ends are attached to the slope in a traction-locking manner and each of which is held at the top by an inclined support (4) supported by its lower end on the slope, characterized in that the supports (3) formed by wood are attached to the ends of the rusty woods (2) and with the supports (4) are connected in an articulated manner by horizontal bolts (5), the support (4) resting on the outside of the associated support (3), and that for diagonal stiffening, at an angle to the rust bars (2) and the supports (3) extending woods (6) are provided, which are fastened to the supports (3) and / or to the rust woods (2).
2. Schπeestützwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unteren Enden der Träger (3) mittels sie horizontal und parallel zu den Rosthölzern (2) durchsetzender Bolzen (15) an im Hangbodeπ versenkbaren Zugankern (10) befestigt sind. 2. Schπeestützwerk according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower ends of the carrier (3) by means of them horizontally and parallel to the rust wood (2) penetrating bolts (15) on the Hangbodeπ retractable tie rods (10) are attached.
3. Schneestützwerk nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bolzen (15) Blechlaschen (14) durchsetzen, die an den Zugankern (10) be¬ festigt sind und an den unteren Enden der Träger (3) anliegen.3. Snow support system according to claim 2, characterized in that the bolts (15) penetrate sheet metal tabs (14) which are fastened to the tie rods (10) and bear against the lower ends of the supports (3).
4. Schneestützwerk nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blechlaschen (14) für jeweils zwei einander benachbarte Träger (3) mit einem gemeinsamen, quer zur Laschenebeπe verlaufenden, Formrohr (12) ver¬ bunden sind, an dem der Zuganker (10) befestigt ist.4. Snow support system according to claim 3, characterized in that the sheet metal tabs (14) for two adjacent supports (3) with a common, transverse to the Laschenebeπe, shaped tube (12) are connected to which the tie rod (10) is attached.
5. Schneestützwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die unteren Enden der Träger (3) über einen Teil, vorzugs¬ weise etwa ein Drittel, ihrer Mantelfläche talseitig an einem Betoπfunda- ment (19) anliegen. ;5. Snow support system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the lower ends of the carrier (3) over a part, preferably about a third, their lateral surface on the valley side against a Betoπfunda- ment (19). ;
6. Schneestützwerk nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betonfundament (17,11) von einem Wasserableitkaπal, z.B. in Form eines Schlauches (23) , durchsetzt ist, welcher vom unteren Ende des Trägers (3) bzw.vom Formrohr (12) nach unten geneigt zum talseitigen Rand des Betoπ- fundamentes führt.6. Snow support system according to claim 5, characterized in that the concrete foundation (17, 11) from a Wasserableitkaπal, e.g. in the form of a hose (23), which leads from the lower end of the support (3) or from the molded tube (12) downwards to the valley-side edge of the concrete foundation.
7. Schneestützwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß das untere Ende jeder Stütze (4) an einer am Hangboden ver¬ ankerten Grundplatte (20) rutschsicher, z.B. mittels eines in das Stirn- ende des Holzes der Stütze (4) eintretenden Dornes (21) der Grundplatte (20), befestigt ist.7. Snow support system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the lower end of each support (4) on an anchored on the slope floor base plate (20) non-slip, for example by means of a in the forehead end of the wood of the support (4) entering mandrel (21) of the base plate (20) is attached.
8. Aus zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Schπeestützwerkeπ nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 gebildeter Lawinenverbau, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, daß die beiden einander benachbarten Träger (3) samt einer dazwischen angeordneten, den beiden Werken gemeinsamen Stütze (4) durch einen gemeinsamen Bolzen (5) verbunden sind.8. Avalanche sheeting formed from at least two side-by-side support structures according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two adjacent supports (3) together with an intermediate support (4) arranged between the two works by a common bolt ( 5) are connected.
9. Lawinenverbau nach Anspruch 8r dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die unteren Enden der einander benachbarten Träger (3) zweier benachbar- ter Schneestützwerke jeweils ein gemeinsames Fundament (7) vorgesehen ist. 9. Avalanche barrier according to claim 8 r, characterized in that a common foundation (7) is provided for the lower ends of the adjacent supports (3) of two adjacent snow support structures.
EP87907721A 1986-12-23 1987-11-26 Snow shed and avalanche-breaking structure made of at least two snow sheds Expired - Lifetime EP0346326B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT341786A AT386632B (en) 1986-12-23 1986-12-23 Snow support and an avalanche sheeting made up of at least two snow supports
AT3417/86 1986-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0346326A1 true EP0346326A1 (en) 1989-12-20
EP0346326B1 EP0346326B1 (en) 1991-11-21

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Family Applications (1)

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EP87907721A Expired - Lifetime EP0346326B1 (en) 1986-12-23 1987-11-26 Snow shed and avalanche-breaking structure made of at least two snow sheds

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EP (1) EP0346326B1 (en)
AT (1) AT386632B (en)
DE (1) DE3774717D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1988004708A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8903987U1 (en) * 1989-04-03 1989-05-18 Morath, Franz, 7892 Albbruck Threshold shoe
FR2724674B1 (en) * 1994-09-16 1997-04-11 Deat Patrick SNOW BARRIER
DE202010010849U1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2010-11-11 Gartner, Christian Element for avalanche protection or slope protection
EP3550077B1 (en) * 2018-04-05 2020-08-05 Desnivel Agranaltura, S.A. Support structure for a dynamic rockfall barrier
DE102020131687A1 (en) 2020-11-30 2022-06-02 Trumer Schutzbauten Ges.M.B.H Protective barrier and method for dissipating tensile load introduced into a carrying cable of a carrying cable arrangement of the protective barrier
CN116378069B (en) * 2023-04-10 2024-03-15 河海大学 Anti-deformation strong loose type slope reinforcement protection system

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AT190543B (en) * 1955-06-18 1957-07-10 Oesterr Alpine Montan Snow guard or the like
AT246765B (en) * 1964-03-06 1966-05-10 Andreas Hans Dipl Ing Peyerl Avalanche barriers
FR2098653A5 (en) * 1970-07-23 1972-03-10 Cegedur WORKS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST SNOW AVALANCHES
FR2170381A5 (en) * 1971-11-08 1973-09-14 Armco Finsider Spa
CH539170A (en) * 1972-06-05 1973-07-15 Fischer Alfred Flexible protective fence to prevent snow avalanches and / or to prevent falling rocks
CH584812A5 (en) * 1975-03-26 1977-06-30 Figilister Reinhard Avalanche preventing construction - carrying rows of barrier rods has three limbed star shaped arms mounted on concrete blocks
CH603911A5 (en) * 1975-11-27 1978-08-31 Fries Jan Richard De Avalanche breaker with anchors and grids
AT351071B (en) * 1977-04-22 1979-07-10 Voest Ag AVALANCHE CONSTRUCTION
AT354503B (en) * 1977-04-28 1980-01-10 Voest Ag AVALANCHE CONSTRUCTION
AT382181B (en) * 1983-09-23 1987-01-26 Voest Alpine Ag DEVICE FOR ANCHORING THE CARRIERS OF A SNOW BRIDGE IN AN AVALANCHE BAR
AT386435B (en) * 1985-05-29 1988-08-25 Voest Alpine Ag AVALANCHE CONSTRUCTION

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988004708A1 (en) 1988-06-30
ATA341786A (en) 1988-02-15
EP0346326B1 (en) 1991-11-21
AT386632B (en) 1988-09-26
DE3774717D1 (en) 1992-01-02

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