EP0344190B1 - Method for sequentially continuous machining of sheet pieces from sheet material - Google Patents

Method for sequentially continuous machining of sheet pieces from sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344190B1
EP0344190B1 EP88901419A EP88901419A EP0344190B1 EP 0344190 B1 EP0344190 B1 EP 0344190B1 EP 88901419 A EP88901419 A EP 88901419A EP 88901419 A EP88901419 A EP 88901419A EP 0344190 B1 EP0344190 B1 EP 0344190B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
tools
working unit
sheet material
machining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88901419A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0344190A1 (en
Inventor
Raimo Armas Komaro
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0344190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0344190A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • B21D28/06—Making more than one part out of the same blank; Scrapless working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for sequentially and continuously machining or shaping sheet parts from continuous strip-like sheet material, such as coiled sheet metal, or sheet material in sheets, by means of an electronically controlled machine tool.
  • Sheet parts can be machined from sheet material by numerous methods. If we consider the entire chain of work steps, for example, from coiled sheet material to a completed sheet product, which has been machined by applying several working methods, the combinations of methods can at the roughest level be divided into methods for short production runs and those for long production runs.
  • the machining of sheet parts is usually done by first slitting the sheet into strips, whereafter the strips are cut into pieces of suitable length. Thereafter the machining of the pieces is continued, as required, by punching, drilling, notching, etc.
  • the tool costs are moderately low and the delivery time is short.
  • the manufacturing costs are high because the work stages are numerous and there are several transfers from one work station to another. The dimensional precision is poor.
  • sheet-working centers in which the machining is carried out by punching, nibbling, and laser cutting.
  • the characteristics of sheet-working centers are in general as follows:
  • One method of handling sheet material in these sheet-working centers is to cut the sheet material coming from a coil first into sheets, which are transferred automatically to the actual working center.
  • the sheet is machined by one or several of the above-mentioned methods, the tools themselves being fixed and the point to be machined being directed into place by moving the sheet.
  • Such equipment is large in size and also very expensive.
  • Strip-like sheet material has been handled in short production runs by hot-cutting methods and, fully analogously with this method, also by using a laser cutter.
  • the small number of alternative machining methods i.e. only one work method, restricts the uses, owing either to deficient dimensional precision or to low speed. If the piece requires substantial cutting in proportion to its size and the shapes to be cut are such that they can be done more easily by other machining methods, low speed becomes the problem.
  • Punching has also been applied to the machining of strip-like sheet material.
  • the sheet is fed forward at indexing intervals corresponding at least to the size of the final product, the cutting of the product and its detaching from the strip being synchronized with this indexing.
  • the apparatus includes a beam which contains the punching tools and can be moved transversely in relation to the travel direction of the sheet. By means of these tools the punching takes place after the tool or the tools have been brought to the intended point by indexing the sheet forwards over a suitable step in the longitudinal direction and indexing the tool beam over a suitable distance in the transverse direction.
  • the longitudinal movement is only forwards in steps and only by moving the sheet, and therefore imprecision and detrimental restrictions regarding the shape of the workpiece result;
  • the work method is limited to one type, i.e. punching;
  • all workpieces across the entire width of the sheet are cut out at the same time, in which case either a) only one piece is cut over the entire width, which limits the size of the piece or presupposes previous slitting of the sheet into the correct width, or b) if there are several workpieces in parallel, several similar cutting tools in parallel are needed, aligned both with one another and with the preceding punch, which results in complicated and expensive tools;
  • the interspacing of the patterns of the final product so that the sheet surface is used effectively is successful only in special cases.
  • a long production run takes place by means of presses and feeding devices from a coiled strip which has been previously slit to the correct width.
  • the machining is by serial tools, the workpiece being completed in one pressing.
  • the advantages of this method include high dimensional precision and low manufacturing costs, if the production run is long enough.
  • the disadvantages include:
  • US-A-4708042 discloses two cylinders having pistons for tool stamps, but there is no indication of the possibility of their being replaced by other kinds of driving mechanisms, or that they could be used separately from one another. There is furthermore no suggestion as to how this could be possible.
  • the tool stamps and slide pistons are stationary relative to one another and it is difficult to change their positions without reassembling the whole machine because they have been irremovably fixed to the punching carriage.
  • US-A-4708042 does not mention the possibility of using several machining methods and does not indicate how this could be possible.
  • the pre-characterising portion of claim 1 is based on US-A-4708042.
  • Figure 1 shows an overall representation of an embodiment of the invention.
  • the machining method is punching, but the use of some other machining method changes only one single tool, and not the way or method of the invention for using them together or separately.
  • the sheet raw material 15 comes from a sheet coil 5, which is standard stored material.
  • the feeding of the sheet forwards is here implemented by means of a drive means 13 and rolls 10, the sheet 15 pressed between them being indexed forwards over the distance necessary at each given time. Indexing devices of other types can also be used.
  • the frame 9 of the tool holder there have been attached three hydraulic presses 8 in which the tools are two punching dies 2 and one upper cutter blade 1. Opposite to these there are, attached to the same frame 9 which serves as a single working unit, bolsters 4 and a lower cutter blade 3.
  • the frame 9 is, for example, mounted on guides 11 which may be several in number and/or may be positioned in different ways.
  • the frame 9 is indexed transversely in relation to the travel direction 16 of the sheet 15, in direction 17, by an indexing device 12, for example in the form of a screw and ball nut with the aid of a drive means 14.
  • the machining of the workpieces and their detaching from the sheet 15 is done here transversely relative to the travel direction 16 of the sheet, starting from the first edge 18 of the sheet 15.
  • the foremost of the punching dies 2 makes the hole of the first workpiece in area a of this workpiece.
  • the cutter and the later of the punching dies 2 are at this time outside the edge 18 of the sheet.
  • the foremost of the punching dies 2 makes the first hole of the second workpiece in area b of this workpiece, and the later of the punching dies 2 at the same time makes the second hole in area a of the first workpiece, detaching both scrap pieces 7.
  • the punching dies work in areas c and b, as above, while the cutter 3, 4 detaches the first completed workpiece 6 from area a. Thereafter the punching dies move to areas d and c and the cutter to area b, where the above-mentioned work steps are repeated.
  • the entire frame 9 together with the tools returns to the first edge 18 and starts repeating the above-described chain of work steps towards the other edge 19 of the sheet.
  • Figure 3 to interspace the products 20 in the manner which is considered best, either in the travel direction 16 of the sheet 15 as in Figure 3, or in the travel direction 17 of the frame 9 of the tool holder, or in both directions simultaneously over the entire surface of the sheet 15.
  • the saving thus achieved is of the magnitude B (this is only to illustrate the principle, there may be found an even more efficient layout for the pieces concerned).
  • the workpiece 20 can be replaced, in the middle of the sheet, with workpiece 21, the only limiting condition being that the sheet material is the same. Such bi-directional interspacing and replacement is not possible in other combinations of machining methods.
  • the method described above is perhaps one of the most primitive embodiments according to the invention. However, the method is suitable for use with considerably more complicated equipment. There may be a considerably larger number of tools 2, 4 and 1, 3, they can be easily replaced by means of bolt attachment or automatically; and their positions can for this reason be easily changed.
  • control logic is added to the method, such as numeric control, a nibbling function may, for example be produced.
  • the punching die can be fitted to make, for example, 50 punchings while the frame 9 moves at an even, small-stepping speed, whereafter the other tools make one punching.
  • This nibbling can be diversified by making in the tool holder frame 9 one or several tool holders 23 guidable in different directions.
  • Figure 4 depicts such an arrangement, in which the tool holder 23 has been arranged to be movable by means of an indexing device 37 in direction 22, which is transverse or perpendicular to the travel directions 17 of the frame.
  • the nibbling, slotting or laser cutting can be controlled simultaneously in two mutually perpendicular directions 17 and 22, which are at the same time independent of one another.
  • the indexing of the sheet 15 during the machining of one row of workpieces is also avoided; such moving would easily cause flaws in the piece.
  • the most advantageous manner of moving the tool holder frame 9 and for transferring the tool holders relative to the frame is to use a machine element producing a linear indexing; there exist several types of such machine elements.
  • the tool holder frame 9 there may be several tool holders 23, 25, and 27, of which all, some, or one, can be controllable during work, such as the holder 23, or adjustable only in connection with the replacement of the tools, and there may be attached to each of them several tool sets 24, 26, and 27.
  • an individual tool set there may be several tools, for example several punching dies in a hydraulic press.
  • Each of these tool sets may be of any type of machining method with its control devices and power sources. When necessary, it is of course also possible to use a common power source.
  • the tool holders, or some of them may be positioned below the sheet 15, for example, in the lower branch of the frame 9, or there may be tool holders on both sides of the sheet 15 and simultaneously in use.
  • the tools to be attached to the tool holders may carry out any machining methods allowed by the limiting conditions of an individual machine construction, such as drilling, punching, cutting, nibbling, plasma cutting, slotting, etc., and also shaping methods such as chamfering, for example from the side edge or front edge of the sheet, flanging, compression molding, etc.
  • machining is deemed to include also shaping.
  • the tool holder frame 9 indexable and guidable transversely to the travel direction 16 of the sheet 15, or in general the entity made up of the tool holders; (b) the tool holders 23, 25, 27, etc., indexable and guidable in relation to this, which can be transferred by a linear movement or by means of eccentrics, etc. relative to the frame; and (c) the tools attached to each tool holder and usable independently of one another, constitute a hierarchical entity (cf. decision tree, etc.).
  • Such an entity is suitable for control by using microprocessors or complete computers, and particularly microcomputers, in which case their programming can be carried out simply by following the machining-technique hierarchy with the main program-subprogram hierarchy.
  • the frame, the tool holders, and the tools with their actuating devices are as such independent of one another, their operation in relation to one another must, of course, be sequenced correctly, i.e. they must be mutually synchronized.
  • the workpieces can for example be positioned on the sheet 15 in a manner which greatly saves material.
  • a logic control device sufficiently versatile and flexible, for example a microcomputer
  • the workpieces can for example be positioned on the sheet 15 in a manner which greatly saves material.
  • every other row of workpieces is a mirror image of the adjoining rows.
  • the workpieces can be positioned on the sheet arbitrarily, even every individual workpiece 29-36 in a different position, provided that the coverage of the sheet 15 surface is effective and the machining itself takes place in a direction transverse to the sheet 15.
  • the frame 9 and the machining technique As regards the details of the tool holder frame 9 and the machining technique, it must be taken into account that if the frame is of the shape U presented, in the machine the tool traveling last in the travel direction 17 on each row must carry out the cutting step, in order that the result should be a removed area of the sheet 15 corresponding to the removed workpiece, to provide room for the central part of the U-shape. If the upper tool holders are guided without a U-shaped frame, for example numerically, into alignment with the lower bolsters concerned, or if the machining methods are such that lower bolsters are not needed, the waste material can be left in strip form because, in this case, the route along which it is removed is always free.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Control Of Cutting Processes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
EP88901419A 1987-01-30 1988-01-29 Method for sequentially continuous machining of sheet pieces from sheet material Expired - Lifetime EP0344190B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI870406A FI80223C (fi) 1987-01-30 1987-01-30 Foerfarande foer bearbetning av plaotdelar med en mekatronisk verktygsmaskin.
FI870406 1987-01-30
PCT/FI1988/000014 WO1988005699A1 (en) 1987-01-30 1988-01-29 Method for sequentially continuous machining of sheet pieces from sheet material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344190A1 EP0344190A1 (en) 1989-12-06
EP0344190B1 true EP0344190B1 (en) 1994-09-07

Family

ID=8523870

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88901419A Expired - Lifetime EP0344190B1 (en) 1987-01-30 1988-01-29 Method for sequentially continuous machining of sheet pieces from sheet material

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0344190B1 (https=)
JP (1) JPH02501993A (https=)
KR (1) KR890700409A (https=)
AT (1) ATE110996T1 (https=)
AU (1) AU1245588A (https=)
CA (1) CA1322879C (https=)
CH (1) CH672896A5 (https=)
DE (1) DE3851431T2 (https=)
FI (1) FI80223C (https=)
SE (1) SE464011B (https=)
WO (1) WO1988005699A1 (https=)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVE20090058A1 (it) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-10 Dalcos S P A Testata di punzonatura per macchine punzonatrici.-

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5475026B2 (ja) * 2012-01-16 2014-04-16 株式会社ユニテクノ ブランキングシステム及び部材片の製造方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3370492A (en) * 1965-04-02 1968-02-27 Smithe Machine Co Inc F L Die cutting presses
US3431806A (en) * 1966-05-19 1969-03-11 Compo Shoe Machinery Corp Die-cutting machine with rotatable die-supporting platen
US3448645A (en) * 1966-08-11 1969-06-10 Cincinnati Shaper Co Numerically controlled punching machine and method
US3449991A (en) * 1967-02-06 1969-06-17 Dennis Daniels Punch press
US3683731A (en) * 1970-06-19 1972-08-15 Henry Oppenheim Automatic material cutting machine and method
DE2539157C3 (de) * 1975-09-03 1981-06-11 Helmut 3220 Alfeld Degner Stanzpresse o.dgl. Werkzeugmaschine
IT1079466B (it) * 1977-02-01 1985-05-13 Menci Santi Macchina punzonatrice roditrice
JPS5825527B2 (ja) * 1978-07-10 1983-05-27 株式会社小松製作所 多段打抜き装置
DE3515112A1 (de) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-30 Schön & Cie GmbH, 6780 Pirmasens Stanzmaschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVE20090058A1 (it) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-10 Dalcos S P A Testata di punzonatura per macchine punzonatrici.-

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI870406A7 (fi) 1988-07-31
EP0344190A1 (en) 1989-12-06
SE464011B (sv) 1991-02-25
CA1322879C (en) 1993-10-12
FI870406A0 (fi) 1987-01-30
FI80223C (fi) 1990-05-10
DE3851431T2 (de) 1995-01-19
AU1245588A (en) 1988-08-24
WO1988005699A1 (en) 1988-08-11
DE3851431D1 (de) 1994-10-13
KR890700409A (ko) 1989-04-24
SE8902613L (sv) 1989-07-28
JPH02501993A (ja) 1990-07-05
FI80223B (fi) 1990-01-31
SE8902613D0 (sv) 1989-07-28
ATE110996T1 (de) 1994-09-15
CH672896A5 (https=) 1990-01-15

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