EP0341179B1 - Casting provided with a destructible part - Google Patents

Casting provided with a destructible part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0341179B1
EP0341179B1 EP89470008A EP89470008A EP0341179B1 EP 0341179 B1 EP0341179 B1 EP 0341179B1 EP 89470008 A EP89470008 A EP 89470008A EP 89470008 A EP89470008 A EP 89470008A EP 0341179 B1 EP0341179 B1 EP 0341179B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zone
slug
section
wall
breakable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89470008A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0341179A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Hauer
Alain Percebois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pont a Mousson SA
Original Assignee
Pont a Mousson SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pont a Mousson SA filed Critical Pont a Mousson SA
Priority to AT89470008T priority Critical patent/ATE70870T1/en
Publication of EP0341179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0341179A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0341179B1 publication Critical patent/EP0341179B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to foundry pieces of the type comprising a body having a wall provided with at least one pellet knockout so as to release an opening through said wall in place of said pellet.
  • the present invention aims to provide a foundry part of the type defined above better meeting those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it has a knockout pellet having on the one hand, the characteristic of being able to be released by percussion for sure, and on the other hand, the characteristic of being able to stay in place for sure.
  • the effort required to release the pellet can be known and can be calibrated to be identical on all the casting parts to be cast.
  • the production of the parts according to the invention is very simple, inexpensive, and allows parts to be obtained without waste, with great reliability and good quality.
  • the invention essentially provides a foundry piece of the type defined above, characterized in that the pellet is secured to a resistant zone of the wall of the body by means of a frangible zone surrounded by said zone. resistant, the section of this frangible zone connecting the patch to the resistant zone being substantially reduced with respect to the section of this resistant zone and with respect to the section of said patch, and in that the tablet is entirely located outside of the space defined by the two planes P 1 and P 2 between which the resistant zone is inscribed.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 show a foundry piece 1 comprising a body having a wall 2 provided with at least one pellet 3, knockable by percussion so as to release an opening 4 through said wall 2 in place of said patch 3.
  • the patch 3 is integral with a resistant zone 5 of the wall 2 of the body 1 by means of a frangible zone 6 surrounded by said resistant zone 5.
  • This frangible zone 6 that is to say the section connecting the patch 3 to the resistant zone 5 is substantially reduced compared to the section of the resistant zone 5 and, compared to the section of the pellet itself.
  • the patch 3 is entirely located outside the space defined by the two substantially flat surfaces P 1 and P 2 between which is the resistant zone 5.
  • the face 11 of the patch located on the side of the wall 2 is located at a distance h from the surface P 2 , of value greater than or equal to 0, whatever the mold closure faults.
  • FIG. 4 in which the same reference numerals designate the same members as in FIG. 1, shows a foundry part 1 comprising two knockouts 3, this part being represented inside its manufacturing mold 15.
  • the mold 15 comprises a lower half-part 16 and an upper half-part 17, for example removable by means of handles 18.
  • Inlets 19 are provided in the mold for casting the cast iron of the foundry piece 1.
  • the two parts of mold 16 and 17 are shaped to give the desired shape to the foundry part 1.
  • the frangible zone 6 of each pellet 3 has an external face 20 and an internal face 22, these two external faces 20 and internal 22 having a draft, or surface configuration, suitable for promoting release from the mold.
  • the foundry part has, on the side of the external face 20 of the frangible zone 6, a part in relief with a conical wall, and, on the side of the internal face 22 of the frangible zone 6, a hollow part with a conical wall, the faces 20 and 22 being parallel at least approximately.
  • the section of the frangible zone 6 remains constant, and of this fact, the properties provided by this frangible zone (possibility of releasing the pellet by percussion for sure or possibility of considering the pellet in place as an integral part of the part) remain constant.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 in which the same reference numerals designate the same members as in FIG. 1, it can be seen that a decentering of the two half-parts of the mold does not not modify the value of the section of the frangible zone 6 whose properties remain constant.
  • the reliability of the ventilable foundry part is greater than the reliability of the ventilating foundry parts known to date, and this because of the possibilities of the tablet which either is released “reliably” or is left in place "also reliably".

Abstract

The invention relates to a casting (1) comprising a body having a wall (2) equipped with at least one slug (3) breakable by knocking so as to expose an orifice (4) through said wall (2) in place of said slug (3). The slug (3) is fixed to a resistant zone (5) of the wall (2) of the body by means of a breakable zone (6) surrounded by said resistant zone (5), the cross-section of this breakable zone (6), which connects the slug (3) to the resistant zone, being substantially reduced in relation to the cross-section of this resistant zone (5) and in relation to the cross-section of the slug (3). Moreover, the slug (3) is located completely outside the space defined by the two planes P1 and P2 between which the resistant zone (5) is inscribed. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne les pièces de fonderie du type comportant un corps ayant une paroi munie d'au moins une pastille défonçable par percussion de façon à dégager une ouverture au travers de ladite paroi à la place de ladite pastille.The present invention relates to foundry pieces of the type comprising a body having a wall provided with at least one pellet knockout so as to release an opening through said wall in place of said pellet.

Elle trouve une application particulièrement importante, bien que non exclusive, dans le domaine des pièces métalliques en fonte, et plus particulièrement des regards de chaussée destinés à obturer des ouvertures donnant accès à une conduite, un égout ou une galerie.It finds a particularly important, although not exclusive, application in the field of metal cast iron parts, and more particularly of manhole covers intended to close openings giving access to a pipe, a sewer or a gallery.

Les réglementations en matière de voirie sont très différentes selon les pays etlou selon les villes d'un même pays. Certaines agglomérations exigent, en effet, des regards de chaussée ventilés (munis de trous d'aération) alors que d'autres veulent des regards hermétiques. Très tôt, les fondeurs, obligés de prévoir ces deux types de regards de chaussée ont donc conçu des regards comportant des pastilles défonçables à la demande, et agencés pour constituer des regards ventilés (pastilles défonçables dégagées) ou des regards hermétiques (pastilles défonçables en place) ; une telle disposition permet donc, avec un même moule, de réaliser les deux types de regards.Road regulations are very different depending on the country and / or depending on the cities of the same country. Certain agglomerations require, in fact, ventilated manholes (provided with ventilation holes) while others want hermetic manholes. Very early on, founders, obliged to provide these two types of manhole covers, designed manholes comprising knockouts which can be knocked down on demand, and designed to constitute ventilated manholes (knockout knockouts released) or airtight manholes (knockout knockouts in place ); such an arrangement therefore makes it possible, with the same mold, to produce the two types of manholes.

De tels regards à pastilles défonçables sont à ce jour réalisés selon la technique consistant à prévoir une gorge annulaire laissant subsister, dans l'épaisseur de la paroi en fonte et sur le pourtour de la pastille à casser, une zone frangible. Or l' épaisseur de cette zone frangible ne peut pas être maîtrisée de façon satisfaisante par la technique utilisée, dans laquelle on réalise un moule en deux parties, se refermant l'une sur l'autre ; les tolérances dimensionnelles inhérentes d'une part à la fabrication des deux parties du moule et d'autre part au positionnement relatif des deux parties du moule peuvent entraîner des variations importantes d'épaisseur de la zone frangible, donc des variations importantes de la section de matière à casser.To date, these knockouts with knockouts have been produced using the technique of providing an annular groove leaving a frangible zone in the thickness of the cast iron wall and around the periphery of the pellet to be broken. However, the thickness of this frangible zone cannot be satisfactorily controlled by the technique used, in which a mold is produced in two parts, closing over one another; the dimensional tolerances inherent on the one hand in the manufacture of the two parts of the mold and on the other hand in the relative positioning of the two parts of the mold can cause significant variations in thickness of the frangible zone, therefore significant variations in the section of material to break.

Il existe un risque important d'obtenir, après coulage de la fonte, un regard dont la pastille ne peut pas être défonçée (épaisseur de la zone frangible trop importante) ce qui interdit la fabrication de regards ventilés, ou au contraire un regard dont la pastille ne présente pas la solidité requise (épaisseur de la zone frangible trop faible), ce qui interdit la fabrication de regards hermétiques.There is a significant risk of obtaining, after casting the cast iron, a manhole whose pellet cannot be knocked out (thickness of the frangible zone too large) which prohibits the production of ventilated manholes, or on the contrary a manhole whose tablet does not have the required solidity (thickness of the frangible area too low), which prohibits the manufacture of airtight manholes.

La présente invention vise à fournir une pièce de fonderie du type ci-dessus défini répondant mieux que celles antérieurement connues aux exigences de la pratique, notamment en ce qu'elle présente une pastille défonçable présentant d'une part, la caractéristique de pouvoir être dégagée par percussion à coup sûr, et d'autre part, la caractéristique de pouvoir rester en place à coup sûr.The present invention aims to provide a foundry part of the type defined above better meeting those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it has a knockout pellet having on the one hand, the characteristic of being able to be released by percussion for sure, and on the other hand, the characteristic of being able to stay in place for sure.

Par ailleurs, l'effort à fournir pour dégager la pastille peut être connu et peut être calibré pour être identique sur toutes les pièces de fonderie à couler.Furthermore, the effort required to release the pellet can be known and can be calibrated to be identical on all the casting parts to be cast.

La fabrication des pièces selon l'invention est d'une mise en oeuvre très simple, peu coûteuse, et permet d'obtenir des pièces sans rebut, avec une grande fiabilité et une bonne qualité.The production of the parts according to the invention is very simple, inexpensive, and allows parts to be obtained without waste, with great reliability and good quality.

Dans ce but l'invention propose essentiellement une pièce de fonderie du type ci-dessus défini, caractérisée en ce que la pastille est solidaire d'une zone résistante de la paroi du corps par l'intermédiaire d'une zone frangible entourée par ladite zone résistante, la section de cette zone frangible reliant la pastille à la zone résistante étant sensiblement amoindrie par rapport à la section de cette zone résistante et par rapport à la section de ladite pastille, et en ce que la pastille est entièrement située à l'extérieur de l'espace défini par les deux plans P1 et P2 entre lesquels s'inscrit la zone résistante.For this purpose, the invention essentially provides a foundry piece of the type defined above, characterized in that the pellet is secured to a resistant zone of the wall of the body by means of a frangible zone surrounded by said zone. resistant, the section of this frangible zone connecting the patch to the resistant zone being substantially reduced with respect to the section of this resistant zone and with respect to the section of said patch, and in that the tablet is entirely located outside of the space defined by the two planes P 1 and P 2 between which the resistant zone is inscribed.

Dans des modes avantageux de réalisation, on a recours en outre à l'une et/ou à l'autre des dispositions suivantes :

  • - La zone frangible est un cylindre creux ou un prisme creux et la pastille est respectivement sensiblement cylindrique ou prismatique.
  • - La pièce est réalisée en fonte.
In advantageous embodiments, use is also made of one and / or the other of the following arrangements:
  • - The frangible zone is a hollow cylinder or a hollow prism and the pellet is respectively substantially cylindrical or prismatic.
  • - The part is made of cast iron.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit des modes particuliers de réalisation, donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif.The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, given by way of non-limiting example.

La description se réfère aux dessins qui l'accompagnent sur lesquels :

  • -la figure 1 est une coupe en élévation d'une pièce de fonderie selon l'invention, munie d'une pastille cylindrique défonçable par percussion ;
  • - la figure 2 est une coupe suivant II-II figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 3 est une coupe d'une autre pièce de fonderie, selon l'invention, munie d'une pastille prismatique ;
  • - la figure 4, montre, en coupe dans les mêmes conditions que sur la figure 1, une pièce de fonderie selon l'invention, munie de deux pastilles, ainsi que le moule dans lequel elle a été coulée ;
  • -la figure 5, montre par une vue agrandie en coupe, en élévation, une partie de la pièce de fonderie de la figure 4, réalisée dans le cas d'un défaut de centrage de son moule de fabrication ;
  • la figure 6 est une coupe suivant VI-VI figure 5.
The description refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a section in elevation of a foundry piece according to the invention, provided with a cylindrical pellet knockable by percussion;
  • - Figure 2 is a section along II-II Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 is a section through another foundry piece, according to the invention, provided with a prismatic pellet;
  • - Figure 4 shows, in section under the same conditions as in Figure 1, a foundry piece according to the invention, provided with two pellets, as well as the mold in which it was cast;
  • FIG. 5 shows, by an enlarged view in section, in elevation, part of the foundry part of FIG. 4, produced in the case of a centering defect in its manufacturing mold;
  • Figure 6 is a section along VI-VI Figure 5.

Les figures 1, 2 et 3 montrent une pièce de fonderie 1 comportant un corps ayant une paroi 2 munie d'au moins une pastille 3, défonçable par percussion de façon à dégager une ouverture 4 au travers de ladite paroi 2 à la place de ladite pastille 3. La pastille 3 est solidaire d'une zone résistante 5 de la paroi 2 du corps 1 par l'intermédiaire d'une zone frangible 6 entourée par ladite zone résistante 5.Figures 1, 2 and 3 show a foundry piece 1 comprising a body having a wall 2 provided with at least one pellet 3, knockable by percussion so as to release an opening 4 through said wall 2 in place of said patch 3. The patch 3 is integral with a resistant zone 5 of the wall 2 of the body 1 by means of a frangible zone 6 surrounded by said resistant zone 5.

La section de cette zone frangible 6, c'est-à-dire la section reliant la pastille 3 à la zone résistante 5, est sensiblement amoindrie par rapport à la section de la zone résistante 5 et, par rapport à la section de la pastille elle-même.The section of this frangible zone 6, that is to say the section connecting the patch 3 to the resistant zone 5, is substantially reduced compared to the section of the resistant zone 5 and, compared to the section of the pellet itself.

La pastille 3 est entièrement située à l'extérieur de l'espace défini par les deux surfaces sensiblement planes P1 et P2 entre lesquelles se trouve la zone résistante 5. Autrement dit, la face 11 de la pastille située du côté de la paroi 2 se trouve à une distance h de la surface P2, de valeur supérieure ou égale à 0, quels que soient les défauts de fermeture du moule.The patch 3 is entirely located outside the space defined by the two substantially flat surfaces P 1 and P 2 between which is the resistant zone 5. In other words, the face 11 of the patch located on the side of the wall 2 is located at a distance h from the surface P 2 , of value greater than or equal to 0, whatever the mold closure faults.

La figure 4, sur laquelle les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mêmes organes que sur la figure 1, montre une pièce de fonderie 1 comportant deux pastilles défonçables 3, cette pièce étant représentée à l'intérieur de son moule de fabrication 15. Le moule 15 comporte une demi-partie inférieure 16 et une demi-partie supérieure 17, par exemple amovible par l'intermédiaire de poignées 18. Des entrées 19 sont ménagées dans le moule pour couler la fonte de la pièce de fonderie 1. Les deux parties de moule 16 et 17 sont conformées pour donner la forme voulue à la pièce de fonderie 1.FIG. 4, in which the same reference numerals designate the same members as in FIG. 1, shows a foundry part 1 comprising two knockouts 3, this part being represented inside its manufacturing mold 15. The mold 15 comprises a lower half-part 16 and an upper half-part 17, for example removable by means of handles 18. Inlets 19 are provided in the mold for casting the cast iron of the foundry piece 1. The two parts of mold 16 and 17 are shaped to give the desired shape to the foundry part 1.

La zone frangible 6 de chaque pastille 3 présente une face externe 20 et une face interne 22, ces deux faces externe 20 et interne 22 présentant une dépouille, ou configuration surfacique, propre à favoriser le démoulage. Dans le cas d'une pastille sensiblement cylindrique par exemple, la pièce de fonderie présente, du côté de la face externe 20 de la zone frangible 6, une partie en relief à paroi conique, et, du côté de la face interne 22 de la zone frangible 6, une partie en creux à paroi conique, les faces 20 et 22 étant parallèles au moins approximativement.The frangible zone 6 of each pellet 3 has an external face 20 and an internal face 22, these two external faces 20 and internal 22 having a draft, or surface configuration, suitable for promoting release from the mold. In the case of a substantially cylindrical pellet for example, the foundry part has, on the side of the external face 20 of the frangible zone 6, a part in relief with a conical wall, and, on the side of the internal face 22 of the frangible zone 6, a hollow part with a conical wall, the faces 20 and 22 being parallel at least approximately.

Grâce à l'invention on conçoit que, tant que l'imprécision dans la confection du moule est inférieure à la grandeur h, dans le sens perpendiculaire au plan de la pièce de fonderie, la section de la zone frangible 6 demeure constante, et de ce fait, les propriétés procurées par cette zone frangible (possibilité de dégager la pastille par percussion à coup sûr ou possibilité de considérer la pastille en place comme partie intégrante de la pièce) demeurent constantes.Thanks to the invention, it is understood that, as long as the imprecision in the making of the mold is less than the quantity h, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the casting, the section of the frangible zone 6 remains constant, and of this fact, the properties provided by this frangible zone (possibility of releasing the pellet by percussion for sure or possibility of considering the pellet in place as an integral part of the part) remain constant.

Toujours grâce à l'invention, et comme on peut le constater sur les figures 5 et 6 sur lesquelles les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mêmes organes que sur la figure 1, on conçoit qu'un décentrage des deux demi-parties du moule ne modifie pas la valeur de la section de la zone frangible 6 dont les propriétés demeurent constantes.Still thanks to the invention, and as can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6 in which the same reference numerals designate the same members as in FIG. 1, it can be seen that a decentering of the two half-parts of the mold does not not modify the value of the section of the frangible zone 6 whose properties remain constant.

Compte tenu du fait que les propriétés de la zone frangible 6 ne sont altérées ni par une imprécision dans la confection du moule, ni par un décentrage de ses deux demi-parties constitutives, la fiabilité de la pièce de fonderie ventilable, que ce soit dans le cas où on doit obtenir une pièce "ventilée" ou dans le cas où on doit obtenir une pièce "hermétique", est plus grande que la fiabilité des pièces de fonderie ventila- bles connues jusqu'à ce jour, et ce en raison des possibilités de la pastille qui, soit est dégagée "d'une façon fiable", soit est laissée en place "également d'une façon fiable".Taking into account the fact that the properties of the frangible zone 6 are not altered either by an imprecision in the making of the mold, nor by a decentering of its two constituent half-parts, the reliability of the ventilable foundry part, whether in the case where one must obtain a "ventilated" part or in the case where one must obtain a "hermetic" part, is greater than the reliability of the ventilating foundry parts known to date, and this because of the possibilities of the tablet which either is released "reliably" or is left in place "also reliably".

Comme il va de soi et comme il résulte d'ailleurs de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite nullement aux modes de réalisation plus spécifiquement décrits; elle en embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes.As is obvious and as it follows from the above, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments more specifically described; on the contrary, it embraces all its variants.

Claims (5)

1. Casting (1) comprising a body having a wall (2) equipped with at least one slug (3) which may be punched through by knocking such that an opening (4) is formed across the said wall (2) in place of the said slug (3), characterized in that the slug (3) is integral with a strong zone (5) of the wall (2) of the body by way of a breakable zone (6) surrounded by the said strong zone (5), the section of this breakable zone (6), connecting the slug (3) to the strong zone, being substantially reduced with respect to the section of this strong zone (5) and with respect to the section of the slug (3), and in that the slug (3) is positioned entirely outside the space defined by the two planes P1 and P2 delimiting the strong zone (5).
2. Casting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the breakable zone (6) is a hollow cylinder and the slug (3) is substantially cylindrical.
3. Casting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the breakable zone (6) is a hollow prism and the slug is substantially prismatic.
4. Casting according to Claim 1, characterized in that the breakable zone (6) has an external face (20) and an internal face (22), these two external (20) and internal (22) faces being conical and parallel, at least approximately, so as to promote removal.
5. Casting according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting is a manhole.
EP89470008A 1988-05-05 1989-05-03 Casting provided with a destructible part Expired - Lifetime EP0341179B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89470008T ATE70870T1 (en) 1988-05-05 1989-05-03 CASTING PROVIDED WITH A DESTRUCTIVE PART.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8806047 1988-05-05
FR8806047A FR2630942B1 (en) 1988-05-05 1988-05-05 FOUNDRY PIECE PROVIDED WITH A BREAKABLE PELLET

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0341179A1 EP0341179A1 (en) 1989-11-08
EP0341179B1 true EP0341179B1 (en) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=9366022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89470008A Expired - Lifetime EP0341179B1 (en) 1988-05-05 1989-05-03 Casting provided with a destructible part

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0341179B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE70870T1 (en)
DE (1) DE68900596D1 (en)
DK (1) DK172195B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2024392T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2630942B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3003446T3 (en)
NO (1) NO170200C (en)
PT (1) PT90442B (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT234061B (en) * 1962-08-20 1964-06-10 Kaiserslautern Guss Armatur Cover-like closure body made of cast iron for manhole openings
DE7800397U1 (en) * 1978-01-07 1978-05-03 Passavant-Werke Michelbacher Huette, 6209 Aarbergen LID FOR MANHOLE COVERS
GB2085796B (en) * 1980-10-27 1984-06-27 Dover Engineering Works The Lt Manufacturing manhole cover frames

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK172195B1 (en) 1997-12-22
DK214789D0 (en) 1989-05-02
FR2630942B1 (en) 1991-04-05
NO891807L (en) 1989-11-06
ATE70870T1 (en) 1992-01-15
NO891807D0 (en) 1989-05-02
ES2024392T3 (en) 1992-08-16
DK214789A (en) 1989-11-06
PT90442A (en) 1989-11-30
FR2630942A1 (en) 1989-11-10
NO170200B (en) 1992-06-15
GR3003446T3 (en) 1993-02-17
EP0341179A1 (en) 1989-11-08
NO170200C (en) 1992-09-23
DE68900596D1 (en) 1992-02-06
PT90442B (en) 1994-05-31
ES2024392A4 (en) 1992-03-01

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