EP0433125A1 - Method for producing a sparkplug well in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for producing a sparkplug well in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0433125A1
EP0433125A1 EP90403400A EP90403400A EP0433125A1 EP 0433125 A1 EP0433125 A1 EP 0433125A1 EP 90403400 A EP90403400 A EP 90403400A EP 90403400 A EP90403400 A EP 90403400A EP 0433125 A1 EP0433125 A1 EP 0433125A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
tubular
spark plug
tubular element
well
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90403400A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0433125B1 (en
Inventor
Luc Schwab
Jacques Dore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8916655A external-priority patent/FR2656042B1/en
Priority claimed from FR9006481A external-priority patent/FR2662471B1/en
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Publication of EP0433125A1 publication Critical patent/EP0433125A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0433125B1 publication Critical patent/EP0433125B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of producing spark plug wells in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine obtained by molding, a spark plug well element intended to be used for the implementation of this method as well as a set of for the formation of candle wells.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show another distribution configuration where the cylinder head 1 is also traversed right through by a bore P perpendicular to the wells 5 by crossing the latter in the vicinity of their lower ends so as to allow circulation of air avoiding any condensation, source of bad ignition.
  • this known embodiment in addition to the drawbacks already mentioned above in connection with FIG. 1, also has the drawback that the drilling P in communication with the spark plug wells 5 is expensive and is carried out in a mass of cylinder head material reserved for this purpose. effect in the water chamber, which complicates molding and increases the risk of faults in the material, in particular the appearance of cracks.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks by proposing a method for producing at least one spark plug well in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine obtained by molding and characterized in that it consists in insert and hold in fixed position at least one tubular element in the cylinder head mold during the latter casting operation.
  • the method according to a first embodiment of the invention of the type where the cylinder head mold comprises several different cores corresponding respectively to hollow parts of the cylinder head to be molded comprising in particular the intake and exhaust ducts and the oil and water chambers, a core preferably consisting of compressed sand and previously produced in core boxes, is also characterized in that the tubular element is introduced into the core of the oil chamber and securely held in this core after compression thereof and in that the core-tubular element assembly is then placed in the cylinder head mold.
  • the tubular element is further introduced through its lower part into the core of the water chamber located below the core of the oil chamber.
  • the tubular element is pierced at its bottom to communicate with a tapped hole provided in the cylinder head for the passage of the threaded base of a spark plug and its fixing in the cylinder head.
  • the tubular element is positioned in the cylinder head mold by a positioning foot integral with the mold cover and engaged in the upper part of the tubular element until it comes into abutment by a shoulder on the edge of the upper opening of the tubular element.
  • At least one tubular spark plug well element is held in a fixed position in the mold of the cylinder head during the casting operation of the latter by at least one tubular support element united of the candle well tubular element and putting the latter in communication with the atmosphere.
  • the spark plug well elements are supported by several successively aligned support elements communicating with each other through spark plug well elements , the two extreme support elements being secured to the mold of the cylinder head during the casting of the latter.
  • the various aforementioned tubular elements are joined together before being placed in a core box intended to form water chambers of the cylinder head during molding, the lower part of each tubular candle well element is trapped in the corresponding core preferably made of compressed sand and the tubular elements-cores assembly is then positioned in the cylinder head mold.
  • each tubular spark plug well element is drilled at its bottom to communicate with a threaded hole provided in the cylinder head for the passage of the threaded base of a spark plug and its attachment to the cylinder head.
  • tubular support elements have a rectangular or square section and the various tubular elements are joined together by welding.
  • Each tubular spark plug well element is positioned in the cylinder head mold by a foot of integral positioning of the mold cover and engaged in the upper part of the tubular candle well element.
  • the invention also provides a spark plug well element intended to be used for implementing the method of the first embodiment defined above and characterized in that it comprises a tubular body comprising a bottom, an opposite upper opening for the passage of a spark plug and a collar integral with the tubular element and ensuring the maintenance in position of the tubular element in the core of the oil chamber after compression of the material constituting it.
  • the edge of the upper opening of the tubular element comprises a collar on which bears the shoulder of the positioning foot of the mold cover when the foot is introduced into the tubular element.
  • the side wall of the tubular element has a relatively small thickness, for example around 1 to 1.5 mm.
  • the flange is either attached by welding to the tubular element, or obtained by deformation of the latter and the tubular element is made of steel or aluminum.
  • the tubular element is made of ceramic and the collar comes in shape with the tubular element.
  • the invention also provides a set of elements intended for the formation of at least one candle well according to the second embodiment and characterized in that it comprises at least one tubular well element spark plug and at least one tubular element for supporting the spark plug well element fixed, preferably by welding, perpendicular to the latter by opening therein.
  • the assembly comprises several tubular elements for supporting spark plug well elements and successively aligned, two successive support elements opening into the same spark plug well element.
  • each aforementioned tubular element has a relatively small thickness, of approximately 1 to 1.5 mm.
  • FIG. 7 represents a part of the cylinder head 1 of a combustion engine intended to be mounted on a motor vehicle.
  • the cylinder head 1 is for example made of light alloy cast according to the so-called "shell" technique, either under low pressure or by gravity and generally comprises, as is already known per se, an oil chamber 2, a water 3 located below the oil chamber 2 and the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits.
  • the mixed lines symbolize the protective covers C of the engine distribution (not shown) and which are fixed on the cylinder head 1.
  • the oblique axes X1-X2 and X3-X4 respectively symbolize the axes of passage of the guides of exhaust and intake valves (not shown) which are controlled by the distribution according to which the intake and exhaust of the working fluid take place.
  • the oil 2 and water 3 chambers substantially coaxially surround a spark plug well 5 intended to receive a spark plug 7 of which only the upper part 7a and the threaded base 7b have been shown.
  • the spark plug well 5 has at its bottom a bore 8 for the passage of the threaded base 7b of the spark plug 7, which is screwed into a corresponding tapped hole 9 of the cylinder head 1 so that the electrodes of the spark plug 7 found in the combustion chamber 10 delimited by the cylinder head 1.
  • the spark plug well 5 comprises a tubular element 11 of cylindrical shape of revolution inserted in the cylinder head 1 during the casting thereof.
  • the element 11, arranged in the case present vertically in the cylinder head 1, has its side wall forming a body 11a of a relatively small thickness, for example from 1 to 1.5 mm and can be made of steel, aluminum or ceramic.
  • the tubular element 11 comprises a collar 11b which is attached in the present case by welding to the body 11a of the latter but which can also be produced by deformation of the tubular element 11 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the collar 11b can also have come in shape with the tubular element 11 in the case where the latter is ceramic.
  • the tubular element 11 also includes a collar 11c formed by lifting the edge of the upper opening of the element 11 opposite its bottom comprising the bore 8.
  • FIG. 4 represents the mold for the casting of the cylinder head 1 and which is of the type comprising different cores corresponding to the hollowed-out parts of the cylinder head to be molded and constituted in particular by the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits, the chamber oil 2 and the water chamber 3.
  • the cores 12-15 correspond respectively to the oil 2 and water 3 chambers and to the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits and preferably consist of compressed sand allowing the reserve of these hollow parts to be cast.
  • These cores 12-15 are previously produced in core boxes, the most important of which for the invention is the core box 16 of the oil chamber 2 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the box 16 which thus makes it possible to produce the core 12 of the oil chamber 2 comprises three parts 16a, 16b and 16c defining, when assembled together, an internal chamber in which the core sand 12 is formed and compressed.
  • the tubular element 11 is introduced into the sand constituting the core 12 in which it is securely held, after compression of the sand in the box 16, by the flange 11b, so as not to slip after the withdrawal of the box 16 during demolding. of the core 12.
  • the tubular element 11 is thus trapped in the core 12 with its upper part comprising the collar 11c and its lower part outside the core 12.
  • the collar 11b is located halfway up the tubular element 11, but it is obvious that its position is determined by its function which is to maintain the element 11 in the core 12.
  • the core 12-tubular element 11 assembly is then placed in the cylinder head mold 1, the tubular element being further introduced by its lower part inside the core 13 of the water chamber 3 in which has been previously made a corresponding passage hole to allow this introduction.
  • the cylinder head mold 1 is conventionally composed of a base 17 comprising a metal part 18 ensuring the compression effect during the casting of the cylinder head 1, a side yoke 19 and a cover 20.
  • the different cores, in particular the cores 12 and 13 are held in the mold of the cylinder head 1 by suitable means, not shown, also allowing the tubular element 11 to be held in position during the casting of the cylinder head 1.
  • the cover 20 comprises, approximately at its center and integral with it, a foot 21 with shoulder 22 engaging in the upper part of the tubular element 11 to ensure its positioning or centering in the mold of the cylinder head 1 with the shoulder 22 coming to bear on the collar 11c of the tubular element 11.
  • the tubular element 11 is partially embedded in the cylinder head 1 as shown in FIG. 7 and the hole 8 has been made in the bottom 11d of the tubular element 11 for communicate with the tapped hole 9 into which the base 7b of the spark plug 7 is screwed.
  • the relatively small thickness of the tubular element 11 mentioned above ensures that this element has good mechanical strength while making it possible to gain approximately 3 mm over this thickness relative to the well obtained by pouring according to the method represented in FIG. 1.
  • This gain d thickness makes the presence of the zones corresponding to the water chamber 3 in which the cooling water circulates between each spark plug well and the valve guides less critical. Indeed, in certain engine configurations, in particular when it is necessary to tilt the spark plug well 5 on the side of the exhaust or intake ducts in the cylinder head 1, there are places where there is practically no more room to create the water passage.
  • the gain of 3 mm in thickness achieved thanks to the tubular element 11 of the invention makes it easier to create the film of water necessary for cooling.
  • each spark plug well 5 is also formed by a tubular element 11 of cylindrical shape of revolution inserted in the cylinder head 1 during the casting thereof.
  • the element 11, arranged in the case present vertically in the cylinder head 1, has its side wall of a relatively small thickness, for example from 1 to 1.5 mm and can be made for example of steel.
  • Tubular elements 23, preferably made of a material identical to that of elements 11 and of rectangular or square section, are also inserted into the cylinder head 1 during its casting and are successively aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the tubular elements 11 of wells candle.
  • Two successive elements 23 lead into the same well element spark plug 11 at the bottom of the latter and the two extreme tubular elements 23 communicate with the atmosphere so as to allow air circulation in the cylinder head 1 through the tubular elements 11 and 23.
  • the number of elements 23 of course depends on the number of engine cylinders.
  • This figure shows the mold for casting the cylinder head 1 and which is of the type comprising different cores corresponding to the recessed parts of the cylinder head to be molded and constituted by the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits, the oil chamber 2 and the water chamber 3.
  • the cores 12-15 correspond respectively to the oil 2 and water 3 chambers and to the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits and are preferably made of compressed sand allowing the casting the reservation of these hollowed out parts.
  • the cores 12-15 are previously produced in core boxes known per se, which cores, once formed, are held in the mold of the cylinder head 1 by suitable means known per se and not shown.
  • the various tubular elements 11 and 23 are put in place in the box for forming the cores 13 corresponding to the water chambers 3 of the cylinder head 1. Before being placed in this box, the tubular elements 23 are joined by welding to the elements. tubular 11 to thereby form an inseparable assembly with controllable known geometric and dimensional characteristics. Once the unitary assembly thus formed positioned in the core box, the core formation sand 13 is compressed around the part bottom of the spark plug well elements 11. The assembly of elements 11, 23 and cores 13 is then removed from the core box and introduced into the mold 1 to be held there in a fixed position.
  • each tubular element 11 is introduced through a corresponding passage hole previously made in the corresponding oil core 12 and the two free ends respectively of the two end support elements 11 are suitably secured to the mold.
  • the latter is conventionally composed of a base 17 comprising a metal part 18 ensuring the compression effect during the casting of the cylinder head 1, a side yoke 19 and a cover 20.
  • the latter comprises, approximately in its center and integral with it, feet 21 respectively engaging in the upper parts of the tubular element 11 to ensure its positioning or centering in the mold of the cylinder head 1.
  • each tubular element 11 is embedded in the cylinder head as shown in Figure 8 and the hole 8 is made at the bottom of the tubular element 11 to communicate with the threaded hole 9 in which is screwed on the spark plug cap 7.
  • the cylinder head 1 according to the invention is thus provided with elements 23 forming ventilation ducts by air circulation coming from foundry communicating with the spark plug well elements 11 and the circulation of water in the chamber 3 will be optimum since better cooling of the cylinder head during operation is achieved thanks to the relatively small thickness of the spark plug well elements 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a sparkplug well and the sparkplug well element for implementing this method. The method according to the invention is characterised in that it consists in inserting and maintaining in a fixed position a tubular element (11) in the mould of a cylinder head (1) during the casting operation for the latter, the element (11) having a flange (11b) serving to position and maintain the element (11) in a sand core for forming the oil chamber (2) of the cylinder head (1). The present invention has applications in the sphere of motor vehicles. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de réalisation de puits de bougie dans une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne obtenue par moulage, un élément de puits de bougie destiné à être utilisé pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé ainsi qu'un ensemble d'éléments destiné à la formation de puits de bougie.The present invention relates to a method of producing spark plug wells in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine obtained by molding, a spark plug well element intended to be used for the implementation of this method as well as a set of for the formation of candle wells.

Actuellement, la configuration de la distribution dans certains moteurs à combustion interne nécessite la création de puits formés dans la culasse pour accueillir les bougies d'allumage. Une telle configuration est représentée par exemple à la figure 1 où la référence 1 désigne une partie d'une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne réalisée en alliage léger coulé selon la technique dite "coquille", soit sous basse pression, soit par gravité et comportant notamment, comme cela est connu en soi, une chambre d'huile 2, une chambre d'eau 3 en dessous de la chambre 2 et un conduit d'admission 4a. La culasse 1 comporte également des puits de bougie 5, dont un seul est représenté, et qui sont réalisés lors du moulage de la culasse 1. Cependant, cette réalisation présente de nombreux inconvénients:

  • - le puits 5 est évidé jusqu'au point A au moyen d'une broche 6 enfoncée au moment de la coulée du métal de la culasse 1 mais qui a une section relativement faible de sorte qu'elle a tendance à se déformer sous l'effet de la chaleur dégagée par le métal en fusion, ce qui a pour conséquence d'empêcher la tenue des tolérances dimensionnelles, d'où un taux élevé de rebuts;
  • - la broche 6 ne peut pas être introduite plus bas que le point A et il est donc nécessaire de reprendre l'alésage entre le point A et le point B situé sensiblement au fond du puits 5; et
  • - lors du retrait de la broche 6 après la coulée, il y a des risques d'adhérence entre le métal de celle-ci et celui de la culasse 1, ce qui entraîne une usure prématurée de ce type de matériel.
Currently, the configuration of the distribution in certain internal combustion engines requires the creation of wells formed in the cylinder head to accommodate the spark plugs. Such a configuration is represented for example in FIG. 1 where the reference 1 designates a part of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine produced in light alloy cast according to the so-called "shell" technique, either under low pressure or by gravity and comprising in particular, as is known per se, an oil chamber 2, a water chamber 3 below the chamber 2 and an intake duct 4a. The cylinder head 1 also includes spark plug wells 5, only one of which is shown, and which are produced during the molding of the cylinder head 1. However, this embodiment has many drawbacks:
  • - the well 5 is hollowed out to point A by means of a pin 6 inserted at the time of the casting of the metal of the cylinder head 1 but which has a relatively small section so that it tends to deform under the effect of the heat given off by the molten metal, which has the consequence of preventing dimensional tolerances from being kept, hence a high rate of scrap;
  • - the spindle 6 cannot be inserted lower than the point A and it is therefore necessary to resume the bore between the point A and the point B located substantially at the bottom of the well 5; and
  • - When removing the spindle 6 after casting, there is a risk of adhesion between the metal thereof and that of the cylinder head 1, which results in premature wear of this type of material.

Les figures 2 et 3 représentent une autre configuration de distribution où la culasse 1 est de plus traversée de part en part par un perçage P perpendiculaire aux puits 5 en traversant ceux-ci au voisinage de leurs extrémités inférieures de façon à permettre une circulation d'air évitant tout condensation, source de mauvais allumage. Cependant, cette réalisation connue outre les inconvénients déjà mentionnés précédemment en rapport avec la figure 1, a également pour inconvénient que le perçage P en communication avec les puits de bougie 5 est onéreux et est exécuté dans une masse de matière de la culasse réservée à cet effet dans la chambre d'eau, ce qui complique le moulage et augmente les risques de défauts dans la matière, notamment l'apparition de criques.Figures 2 and 3 show another distribution configuration where the cylinder head 1 is also traversed right through by a bore P perpendicular to the wells 5 by crossing the latter in the vicinity of their lower ends so as to allow circulation of air avoiding any condensation, source of bad ignition. However, this known embodiment, in addition to the drawbacks already mentioned above in connection with FIG. 1, also has the drawback that the drilling P in communication with the spark plug wells 5 is expensive and is carried out in a mass of cylinder head material reserved for this purpose. effect in the water chamber, which complicates molding and increases the risk of faults in the material, in particular the appearance of cracks.

La présente invention a pour but d'éliminer les inconvénients ci-dessus en proposant un procédé de réalisation d'au moins un puits de bougie dans une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne obtenue par moulage et caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à insérer et maintenir en position fixe au moins un élément tubulaire dans le moule de la culasse pendant l'opération de coulage de cette dernière.The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks by proposing a method for producing at least one spark plug well in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine obtained by molding and characterized in that it consists in insert and hold in fixed position at least one tubular element in the cylinder head mold during the latter casting operation.

Le procédé suivant un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, du type où le moule de la culasse comprend plusieurs noyaux différents correspondants respectivement à des parties évidées de la culasse à mouler comportant notamment les conduits d'admission et d'échappement et les chambres d'huile et d'eau, un noyau étant constitué de préférence de sable comprimé et préalablement réalisé dans des boîtes à noyaux, est également caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire est introduit dans le noyau de la chambre d'huile et solidement maintenu dans ce noyau après compression de celui-ci et en ce que l'ensemble noyau-élément tubulaire est ensuite placé dans le moule de la culasse.The method according to a first embodiment of the invention, of the type where the cylinder head mold comprises several different cores corresponding respectively to hollow parts of the cylinder head to be molded comprising in particular the intake and exhaust ducts and the oil and water chambers, a core preferably consisting of compressed sand and previously produced in core boxes, is also characterized in that the tubular element is introduced into the core of the oil chamber and securely held in this core after compression thereof and in that the core-tubular element assembly is then placed in the cylinder head mold.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'élément tubulaire est en outre introduit par sa partie inférieure dans le noyau de la chambre d'eau situé en dessous du noyau de la chambre d'huile.According to another characteristic of the invention, the tubular element is further introduced through its lower part into the core of the water chamber located below the core of the oil chamber.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, après coulage de la culasse, l'élément tubulaire est percé en son fond pour communiquer avec un trou taraudé prévu dans la culasse pour le passage du culot fileté d'une bougie d'allumage et sa fixation dans la culasse.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, after casting of the cylinder head, the tubular element is pierced at its bottom to communicate with a tapped hole provided in the cylinder head for the passage of the threaded base of a spark plug and its fixing in the cylinder head.

Avantageusement, l'élément tubulaire est positionné dans le moule de la culasse par un pied de positionnement solidaire du couvercle du moule et engagé dans la partie supérieure de l'élément tubulaire jusqu'à venir en butée par un épaulement sur le bord de l'ouverture supérieure de l'élément tubulaire.Advantageously, the tubular element is positioned in the cylinder head mold by a positioning foot integral with the mold cover and engaged in the upper part of the tubular element until it comes into abutment by a shoulder on the edge of the upper opening of the tubular element.

Suivant un second mode de réalisation du procédé de l'invention, au moins un élément tubulaire de puits de bougie est maintenu en position fixe dans le moule de la culasse pendant l'opération de coulage de cette dernière par au moins un élément tubulaire de support solidaire de l'élément tubulaire de puits de bougie et mettant en communication ce dernier avec l'atmosphère.According to a second embodiment of the method of the invention, at least one tubular spark plug well element is held in a fixed position in the mold of the cylinder head during the casting operation of the latter by at least one tubular support element united of the candle well tubular element and putting the latter in communication with the atmosphere.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, pour la réalisation de plusieurs puits de bougie associés respectivement à plusieurs cylindres du moteur, les éléments de puits de bougie sont supportés par plusieurs éléments de support successivement alignés communiquant entre eux au travers des éléments de puits de bougie, les deux éléments de support extrêmes étant solidarisés au moule de la culasse pendant le coulage de cette dernière.According to a characteristic of the invention, for the production of several spark plug wells associated respectively with several engine cylinders, the spark plug well elements are supported by several successively aligned support elements communicating with each other through spark plug well elements , the two extreme support elements being secured to the mold of the cylinder head during the casting of the latter.

Selon une autre caractérique, les différents éléments tubulaires précités sont solidarisés entre eux avant leur mise en place dans une boîte à noyaux destinés à former des chambres d'eau de la culasse lors du moulage, la partie inférieure de chaque élément tubulaire de puits de bougie est emprisonnée dans le noyau correspondant constitué de préférence de sable comprimé et l'ensemble éléments tubulaires-noyaux est ensuite positionné dans le moule de la culasse.According to another characteristic, the various aforementioned tubular elements are joined together before being placed in a core box intended to form water chambers of the cylinder head during molding, the lower part of each tubular candle well element is trapped in the corresponding core preferably made of compressed sand and the tubular elements-cores assembly is then positioned in the cylinder head mold.

Une fois la culasse coulée, chaque élément tubulaire de puits de bougie est percé à son fond pour communiquer avec un trou taraudé prévu dans la culasse pour le passage du culot fileté d'une bougie d'allumage et sa fixation à la culasse.Once the cylinder head has been poured, each tubular spark plug well element is drilled at its bottom to communicate with a threaded hole provided in the cylinder head for the passage of the threaded base of a spark plug and its attachment to the cylinder head.

Avantageusement, les éléments tubulaires de support ont une section rectangulaire ou carrée et les différents éléments tubulaires sont solidarisés entre eux par soudage.Advantageously, the tubular support elements have a rectangular or square section and the various tubular elements are joined together by welding.

Chaque élément tubulaire de puits de bougie est positionné dans le moule de la culasse par un pied de positionnement solidaire du couvercle du moule et engagé dans la partie supérieure de l'élément tubulaire de puits de bougie.Each tubular spark plug well element is positioned in the cylinder head mold by a foot of integral positioning of the mold cover and engaged in the upper part of the tubular candle well element.

L'invention propose également un élément de puits de bougie destiné à être utilisé pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé du premier mode de réalisation défini ci-dessus et caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps tubulaire comportant un fond, une ouverture supérieure opposée pour le passage d'une bougie d'allumage et une collerette solidaire de l'élément tubulaire et assurant le maintien en position de l'élément tubulaire dans le noyau de la chambre d'huile après compression de la matière le constituant.The invention also provides a spark plug well element intended to be used for implementing the method of the first embodiment defined above and characterized in that it comprises a tubular body comprising a bottom, an opposite upper opening for the passage of a spark plug and a collar integral with the tubular element and ensuring the maintenance in position of the tubular element in the core of the oil chamber after compression of the material constituting it.

Avantageusement, le bord de l'ouverture supérieure de l'élément tubulaire comprend un collet sur lequel vient en appui l'épaulement du pied de positionnement du couvercle du moule lorsque le pied est introduit dans l'élément tubulaire.Advantageously, the edge of the upper opening of the tubular element comprises a collar on which bears the shoulder of the positioning foot of the mold cover when the foot is introduced into the tubular element.

La paroi latérale de l'élément tubulaire a une épaisseur relativement faible, par exemple d'environ 1 à 1,5 mm.The side wall of the tubular element has a relatively small thickness, for example around 1 to 1.5 mm.

La collerette est soit rapportée par soudage à l'élément tubulaire, soit obtenue par déformation de celui-ci et l'élément tubulaire est en acier ou en aluminium.The flange is either attached by welding to the tubular element, or obtained by deformation of the latter and the tubular element is made of steel or aluminum.

Selon une variante d'exécution, l'élément tubulaire est en céramique et la collerette vient de forme avec l'élément tubulaire.According to an alternative embodiment, the tubular element is made of ceramic and the collar comes in shape with the tubular element.

L'invention propose également un ensemble d'éléments destiné à la formation d'au moins un puits de bougie suivant le second mode de réalisation et caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un élément tubulaire de puits de bougie et au moins un élément tubulaire de support de l'élément de puits de bougie fixé, de préférence par soudage, perpendiculairement à ce dernier en y débouchant.The invention also provides a set of elements intended for the formation of at least one candle well according to the second embodiment and characterized in that it comprises at least one tubular well element spark plug and at least one tubular element for supporting the spark plug well element fixed, preferably by welding, perpendicular to the latter by opening therein.

Dans le cas de plusieurs puits de bougie à former, l'ensemble comprend plusieurs éléments tubulaires de support d'éléments de puits de bougie et successivement alignés, deux éléments de support successifs débouchant dans un même élément de puits de bougie.In the case of several spark plug wells to be formed, the assembly comprises several tubular elements for supporting spark plug well elements and successively aligned, two successive support elements opening into the same spark plug well element.

Avantageusement, chaque élément tubulaire précité a une épaisseur relativement faible, d'environ 1 à 1,5 mm.Advantageously, each aforementioned tubular element has a relatively small thickness, of approximately 1 to 1.5 mm.

L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple illustrant plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention, et dans lesquels:

  • La figure 1 représente une partie de culasse où les puits de bougie sont réalisés lors du moulage de celle-ci suivant un procédé antérieurement connu;
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une partie de culasse où les puits de bougie sont réalisés lors du moulage de la culasse suivant un procédé antérieurement connu;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2;
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale simplifiée d'un moule d'une culasse suivant un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • La figure 5 représente en coupe transversale une boîte à noyau d'une chambre d'huile de la culasse pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé conforme au premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • La figure 6 représente une variante de réalisation d'un élément de puits de bougie conforme à l'invention;
  • La figure 7 est une vue en coupe transversale identique à celle de la figure 4 et représentant la culasse terminée;
  • La figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une culasse terminée suivant un second mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • La figure 9 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une partie de la culasse suivant la ligne IX-IX de la figure 8; et
  • La figure 10 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un moule de la culasse conforme au second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating several embodiments of the invention, and in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a cylinder head portion where the spark plug wells are made during molding thereof according to a previously known method;
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylinder head portion where the spark plug wells are made during the molding of the cylinder head according to a previously known method;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a simplified cross-sectional view a mold of a cylinder head according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • 5 shows in cross section a core box of an oil chamber of the cylinder head for the implementation of the method according to the first embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 6 represents an alternative embodiment of a spark plug well element according to the invention;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view identical to that of Figure 4 and showing the finished cylinder head;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a finished cylinder head according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of part of the cylinder head along line IX-IX of Figure 8; and
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a mold of the cylinder head according to the second embodiment of the invention.

La figure 7 représente une partie de la culasse 1 d'un moteur à combustion destiné à être monté sur un véhicule automobile. La culasse 1 est par exemple réalisée en alliage léger coulé selon la technique dite "coquille", soit sous basse pression, soit par gravité et comprend généralement, comme cela est déjà connu en soi, une chambre d'huile 2, une chambre d'eau 3 située en dessous de la chambre d'huile 2 et des conduits d'admission 4a et d'échappement 4b. Les traits mixtes symbolisent les capots de protection C de la distribution (non représentée) du moteur et qui sont fixés sur la culasse 1. Les axes obliques X1-X2 et X3-X4 symbolisent respectivement les axes de passage des guides de soupapes d'échappement et d'admission (non représentées) qui sont commandées par la distribution suivant laquelle se font l'admission et l'échappement du fluide moteur.FIG. 7 represents a part of the cylinder head 1 of a combustion engine intended to be mounted on a motor vehicle. The cylinder head 1 is for example made of light alloy cast according to the so-called "shell" technique, either under low pressure or by gravity and generally comprises, as is already known per se, an oil chamber 2, a water 3 located below the oil chamber 2 and the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits. The mixed lines symbolize the protective covers C of the engine distribution (not shown) and which are fixed on the cylinder head 1. The oblique axes X1-X2 and X3-X4 respectively symbolize the axes of passage of the guides of exhaust and intake valves ( not shown) which are controlled by the distribution according to which the intake and exhaust of the working fluid take place.

Les chambres d'huile 2 et d'eau 3 entourent sensiblement coaxialement un puits de bougie 5 destiné à recevoir une bougie d'allumage 7 dont seuls la partie supérieure 7a et le culot fileté 7b ont été représentés. Le puits de bougie 5 comporte en son fond un perçage 8 pour le passage du culot fileté 7b de la bougie d'allumage 7, qui se visse dans un trou taraudé correspondant 9 de la culasse 1 de façon que les électrodes de la bougie 7 se trouvent dans la chambre de combustion 10 délimitée par la culasse 1.The oil 2 and water 3 chambers substantially coaxially surround a spark plug well 5 intended to receive a spark plug 7 of which only the upper part 7a and the threaded base 7b have been shown. The spark plug well 5 has at its bottom a bore 8 for the passage of the threaded base 7b of the spark plug 7, which is screwed into a corresponding tapped hole 9 of the cylinder head 1 so that the electrodes of the spark plug 7 found in the combustion chamber 10 delimited by the cylinder head 1.

Selon l'invention, le puits de bougie 5 comprend un élément tubulaire 11 de forme cylindrique de révolution inséré dans la culasse 1 lors de la coulée de celle-ci. L'élément 11, disposé dans le cas présent verticalement dans la culasse 1, a sa paroi latérale formant corps 11a d'une épaisseur relativement faible, par exemple de 1 à 1,5 mm et peut être réalisé en acier, en aluminium ou en céramique. L'élément tubulaire 11 comporte une collerette 11b qui est rapportée dans le cas présent par soudage au corps 11a de celui-ci mais qui peut également être réalisée par déformation de l'élément tubulaire 11 comme représenté en figure 4. La collerette 11b peut également être venue de forme avec l'élément tubulaire 11 dans le cas où celui-ci est en céramique. L'élément tubulaire 11 comporte également un collet 11c formé par relevage du bord de l'ouverture supérieure de l'élément 11 opposée à son fond comportant le perçage 8.According to the invention, the spark plug well 5 comprises a tubular element 11 of cylindrical shape of revolution inserted in the cylinder head 1 during the casting thereof. The element 11, arranged in the case present vertically in the cylinder head 1, has its side wall forming a body 11a of a relatively small thickness, for example from 1 to 1.5 mm and can be made of steel, aluminum or ceramic. The tubular element 11 comprises a collar 11b which is attached in the present case by welding to the body 11a of the latter but which can also be produced by deformation of the tubular element 11 as shown in FIG. 4. The collar 11b can also have come in shape with the tubular element 11 in the case where the latter is ceramic. The tubular element 11 also includes a collar 11c formed by lifting the edge of the upper opening of the element 11 opposite its bottom comprising the bore 8.

Le procédé suivant lequel l'élément tubulaire 11 est inséré dans la culasse 1 va être maintenant expliqué en référence aux figures 4 et 5.The method according to which the tubular element 11 is inserted into the cylinder head 1 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

La figure 4 représente le moule pour la coulée de la culasse 1 et qui est du type comprenant différents noyaux correspondants aux parties évidées de la culasse à mouler et constituées notamment par les conduits d'admission 4a et d'échappement 4b, la chambre d'huile 2 et la chambre d'eau 3. Ainsi, les noyaux 12-15 correspondent respectivement aux chambres d'huile 2 et d'eau 3 et aux conduits d'admission 4a et d'échappement 4b et sont de préférence constitués de sable comprimé permettant à la coulée la réserve de ces parties évidées. Ces noyaux 12-15 sont préalablement réalisés dans des boîtes à noyaux, dont la plus importante pour l'invention est la boîte à noyau 16 de la chambre d'huile 2 représentée en figure 3. La boîte 16 qui permet ainsi de réaliser le noyau 12 de la chambre d'huile 2 comprend trois parties 16a, 16b et 16c définissant, lorsque assemblées ensemble, une chambre interne dans laquelle est formé et comprimé le sable du noyau 12. Les parties 16a-16c de la boîte à noyau 16, une fois le noyau 11 réalisé, sont retirées comme indiqué par les flèches F1 à F3 pour récupération du noyau 12.FIG. 4 represents the mold for the casting of the cylinder head 1 and which is of the type comprising different cores corresponding to the hollowed-out parts of the cylinder head to be molded and constituted in particular by the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits, the chamber oil 2 and the water chamber 3. Thus, the cores 12-15 correspond respectively to the oil 2 and water 3 chambers and to the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits and preferably consist of compressed sand allowing the reserve of these hollow parts to be cast. These cores 12-15 are previously produced in core boxes, the most important of which for the invention is the core box 16 of the oil chamber 2 shown in FIG. 3. The box 16 which thus makes it possible to produce the core 12 of the oil chamber 2 comprises three parts 16a, 16b and 16c defining, when assembled together, an internal chamber in which the core sand 12 is formed and compressed. The parts 16a-16c of the core box 16, a once the core 11 has been made, are removed as indicated by the arrows F1 to F3 for recovery of the core 12.

L'élément tubulaire 11 est introduit dans le sable constituant le noyau 12 dans lequel il est solidement maintenu, après compression du sable dans la boîte 16, par la collerette 11b, de façon à ne pas glisser après le retrait de la boîte 16 au démoulage du noyau 12. L'élément tubulaire 11 se trouve ainsi emprisonné dans le noyau 12 avec sa partie supérieure comportant le collet 11c et sa partie inférieure en dehors du noyau 12. La collerette 11b est située à mi-hauteur de l'élément tubulaire 11 mais il est évident que sa position est déterminée par sa fonction qui est d'assurer le maintien de l'élément 11 dans le noyau 12.The tubular element 11 is introduced into the sand constituting the core 12 in which it is securely held, after compression of the sand in the box 16, by the flange 11b, so as not to slip after the withdrawal of the box 16 during demolding. of the core 12. The tubular element 11 is thus trapped in the core 12 with its upper part comprising the collar 11c and its lower part outside the core 12. The collar 11b is located halfway up the tubular element 11, but it is obvious that its position is determined by its function which is to maintain the element 11 in the core 12.

L'ensemble noyau 12-élément tubulaire 11 est ensuite placé dans le moule de la culasse 1, l'élément tubulaire étant en outre introduit par sa partie inférieure à l'intérieur du noyau 13 de la chambre d'eau 3 dans lequel a été préalablement réalisé un trou de passage correspondant pour permettre cette introduction. Le moule de la culasse 1 est composé de façon conventionnelle d'un socle 17 comportant une partie métallique 18 assurant l'effet de compression lors de la coulée de la culasse 1, d'une chape latérale 19 et d'un couvercle 20. Les différents noyaux, notamment les noyaux 12 et 13 sont maintenus dans le moule de la culasse 1 par des moyens appropriés, non représentés, permettant également le maintien en position de l'élément tubulaire 11 lors de la coulée de la culasse 1. Le couvercle 20 comporte, approximativement en son centre et solidaire de celui-ci, un pied 21 à épaulement 22 s'engageant dans la partie supérieure de l'élément tubulaire 11 pour assurer son positionnement ou centrage dans le moule de la culasse 1 avec l'épaulement 22 venant en appui sur le collet 11c de l'élément tubulaire 11.The core 12-tubular element 11 assembly is then placed in the cylinder head mold 1, the tubular element being further introduced by its lower part inside the core 13 of the water chamber 3 in which has been previously made a corresponding passage hole to allow this introduction. The cylinder head mold 1 is conventionally composed of a base 17 comprising a metal part 18 ensuring the compression effect during the casting of the cylinder head 1, a side yoke 19 and a cover 20. The different cores, in particular the cores 12 and 13 are held in the mold of the cylinder head 1 by suitable means, not shown, also allowing the tubular element 11 to be held in position during the casting of the cylinder head 1. The cover 20 comprises, approximately at its center and integral with it, a foot 21 with shoulder 22 engaging in the upper part of the tubular element 11 to ensure its positioning or centering in the mold of the cylinder head 1 with the shoulder 22 coming to bear on the collar 11c of the tubular element 11.

Après coulage de la culasse 1 et refroidissement de celle-ci, l'élément tubulaire 11 se trouve en partie noyé dans la culasse 1 comme représenté à la figure 7 et on a réalisé le perçage 8 au fond 11d de l'élément tubulaire 11 pour communiquer avec le trou taraudé 9 dans lequel est vissé le culot 7b de la bougie d'allumage 7.After casting the cylinder head 1 and cooling it, the tubular element 11 is partially embedded in the cylinder head 1 as shown in FIG. 7 and the hole 8 has been made in the bottom 11d of the tubular element 11 for communicate with the tapped hole 9 into which the base 7b of the spark plug 7 is screwed.

L'épaisseur relativement faible de l'élement tubulaire 11 mentionnée précédemment assure à cet élément une bonne tenue mécanique tout en permettant de gagner environ 3 mm sur cette épaisseur par rapport au puits obtenu par coulage suivant la méthode représentée en figure 1. Ce gain d'épaisseur rend moins critique la présence des zones correspondant à la chambre d'eau 3 dans laquelle circule l'eau de refroidissement entre chaque puits de bougie et les guides de soupape. En effet, dans certaines configurations de moteur, notamment lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'incliner le puits de bougie 5 du côté des conduits d'échappement ou d'admission dans la culasse 1, il existe des endroits où il n'y a pratiquement plus de place pour créer le passage d'eau. Ainsi, le gain de 3 mm en épaisseur réalisé grâce à l'élément tubulaire 11 de l'invention permet de créer plus facilement le film d'eau nécessaire au refroidissement.The relatively small thickness of the tubular element 11 mentioned above ensures that this element has good mechanical strength while making it possible to gain approximately 3 mm over this thickness relative to the well obtained by pouring according to the method represented in FIG. 1. This gain d thickness makes the presence of the zones corresponding to the water chamber 3 in which the cooling water circulates between each spark plug well and the valve guides less critical. Indeed, in certain engine configurations, in particular when it is necessary to tilt the spark plug well 5 on the side of the exhaust or intake ducts in the cylinder head 1, there are places where there is practically no more room to create the water passage. Thus, the gain of 3 mm in thickness achieved thanks to the tubular element 11 of the invention makes it easier to create the film of water necessary for cooling.

En se référant au mode de réalisation de la figure 8 à 10, où les mêmes références que celles utilisées aux figures précédentes désignent des pièces identiques, chaque puits de bougie 5 est également formé par un élément tubulaire 11 de forme cylindrique de révolution inséré dans la culasse 1 lors de la coulée de celle-ci. L'élément 11, disposé dans le cas présent verticalement dans la culasse 1, a sa paroi latérale d'une épaisseur relativement faible, par exemple de 1 à 1,5 mm et peut être réalisé par exemple en acier. Des éléments tubulaires 23, de préférence en un matériau identique à celui des éléments 11 et de section rectangulaire ou carrée, sont également insérés dans la culasse 1 lors de sa coulée et sont successivement alignés transversalement à l'axe longitudinal des éléments tubulaires 11 de puits de bougie. Deux éléments successifs 23 débouchent dans un même élément de puits de bougie 11 à la partie inférieure de ce dernier et les deux éléments tubulaires extrêmes 23 communiquent avec l'atmosphère de façon à permettre une circulation d'air dans la culasse 1 au travers des éléments tubulaires 11 et 23. Le nombre d'éléments 23 dépend bien entendu du nombre de cylindres du moteur.Referring to the embodiment of FIG. 8 to 10, where the same references as those used in the preceding figures designate identical parts, each spark plug well 5 is also formed by a tubular element 11 of cylindrical shape of revolution inserted in the cylinder head 1 during the casting thereof. The element 11, arranged in the case present vertically in the cylinder head 1, has its side wall of a relatively small thickness, for example from 1 to 1.5 mm and can be made for example of steel. Tubular elements 23, preferably made of a material identical to that of elements 11 and of rectangular or square section, are also inserted into the cylinder head 1 during its casting and are successively aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the tubular elements 11 of wells candle. Two successive elements 23 lead into the same well element spark plug 11 at the bottom of the latter and the two extreme tubular elements 23 communicate with the atmosphere so as to allow air circulation in the cylinder head 1 through the tubular elements 11 and 23. The number of elements 23 of course depends on the number of engine cylinders.

Le procédé suivant lequel les éléments tubulaires 11 et 23 sont insérés dans la culasse 1 va être maintenant expliqué en référence à la figure 10.The method according to which the tubular elements 11 and 23 are inserted into the cylinder head 1 will now be explained with reference to FIG. 10.

Cette figure représente le moule pour couler la culasse 1 et qui est du type comprenant différents noyaux correspondants aux parties évidées de la culasse à mouler et constituées par les conduits d'admission 4a et d'échappement 4b, la chambre d'huile 2 et la chambre d'eau 3. Ainsi, les noyaux 12-15 correspondent respectivement aux chambres d'huile 2 et d'eau 3 et aux conduits d'admission 4a et d'échappement 4b et sont de préférence constitués de sable comprimé permettant à la coulée la réserve de ces parties évidées. Les noyaux 12-15 sont préalablement réalisés dans des boîtes à noyaux connues en soi, lesquels noyaux une fois formés, sont maintenus dans le moule de la culasse 1 par des moyens appropriés connus en soi et non représentés.This figure shows the mold for casting the cylinder head 1 and which is of the type comprising different cores corresponding to the recessed parts of the cylinder head to be molded and constituted by the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits, the oil chamber 2 and the water chamber 3. Thus, the cores 12-15 correspond respectively to the oil 2 and water 3 chambers and to the intake 4a and exhaust 4b conduits and are preferably made of compressed sand allowing the casting the reservation of these hollowed out parts. The cores 12-15 are previously produced in core boxes known per se, which cores, once formed, are held in the mold of the cylinder head 1 by suitable means known per se and not shown.

Les différents éléments tubulaires 11 et 23 sont mis en place dans la boîte de formation des noyaux 13 correspondant aux chambres d'eau 3 de la culasse 1. Avant leur mise en place dans cette boîte, les éléments tubulaires 23 sont solidarisés par soudage aux éléments tubulaires 11 pour former ainsi un ensemble inséparable à caractéristiques géométrique et dimensionnelles connues maîtrisables. Une fois l'ensemble unitaire ainsi formé positionné dans la boîte à noyaux, le sable de formation du noyau 13 est comprimé autour de la partie inférieure des éléments de puits de bougie 11. L'ensemble éléments 11, 23 et noyaux 13 est ensuite retiré de la boîte à noyaux et introduit dans le moule 1 pour y être maintenu en position fixe. Bien entendu, chaque élément tubulaire 11 est introduit au travers d'un trou de passage correspondant préalablement réalisé dans le noyau d'huile correspondant 12 et les deux extrémités libres respectivement des deux éléments extrêmes de support 11 sont solidarisées de façon adéquate au moule. Ce dernier est composé de façon conventionnelle d'un socle 17 comportant une partie métallique 18 assurant l'effet de compression lors de la coulée de la culasse 1, d'une chape latérale 19 et d'un couvercle 20. Ce dernier comporte, approximativement en son centre et solidaire de celui-ci, des pieds 21 s'engageant respectivement dans les parties supérieures de l'élément tubulaire 11 pour assurer son positionnement ou centrage dans le moule de la culasse 1.The various tubular elements 11 and 23 are put in place in the box for forming the cores 13 corresponding to the water chambers 3 of the cylinder head 1. Before being placed in this box, the tubular elements 23 are joined by welding to the elements. tubular 11 to thereby form an inseparable assembly with controllable known geometric and dimensional characteristics. Once the unitary assembly thus formed positioned in the core box, the core formation sand 13 is compressed around the part bottom of the spark plug well elements 11. The assembly of elements 11, 23 and cores 13 is then removed from the core box and introduced into the mold 1 to be held there in a fixed position. Of course, each tubular element 11 is introduced through a corresponding passage hole previously made in the corresponding oil core 12 and the two free ends respectively of the two end support elements 11 are suitably secured to the mold. The latter is conventionally composed of a base 17 comprising a metal part 18 ensuring the compression effect during the casting of the cylinder head 1, a side yoke 19 and a cover 20. The latter comprises, approximately in its center and integral with it, feet 21 respectively engaging in the upper parts of the tubular element 11 to ensure its positioning or centering in the mold of the cylinder head 1.

Après coulage de la culasse 1 et refroidissement de celle-ci, chaque élément tubulaire 11 est noyé dans la culasse comme représenté en figure 8 et le perçage 8 est réalisé au fond de l'élément tubulaire 11 pour communiquer avec le trou taraudé 9 dans lequel est vissé le culot de la bougie d'allumage 7.After casting the cylinder head 1 and cooling it, each tubular element 11 is embedded in the cylinder head as shown in Figure 8 and the hole 8 is made at the bottom of the tubular element 11 to communicate with the threaded hole 9 in which is screwed on the spark plug cap 7.

La culasse 1 conforme à l'invention est ainsi pourvue d'éléments 23 formant conduits d'aération par circulation d'air venant de fonderie communiquant avec les éléments de puits de bougie 11 et la circulation de l'eau dans la chambre 3 sera optimum puisqu'un meilleur refroidissement de la culasse en cours de fonctionnement est réalisé grâce à la relativement faible épaisseur des éléments de puits de bougies 11.The cylinder head 1 according to the invention is thus provided with elements 23 forming ventilation ducts by air circulation coming from foundry communicating with the spark plug well elements 11 and the circulation of water in the chamber 3 will be optimum since better cooling of the cylinder head during operation is achieved thanks to the relatively small thickness of the spark plug well elements 11.

Claims (20)

Procédé de réalisation d'au moins un puits de bougie dans une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne, obtenue par moulage, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à insérer et maintenir en position fixe au moins un élément tubulaire (11) dans le moule de la culasse (1) pendant l'opération de coulage de cette dernière.Method for producing at least one spark plug well in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, obtained by molding, characterized in that it consists in inserting and holding in fixed position at least one tubular element (11) in the cylinder head mold (1) during the latter casting operation. Procédé selon la revendication 1, du type où le moule de la culasse (1) comprend plusieurs noyaux différents (12-15) correspondant respectivement à des parties évidées (2, 3, 4a, 4b) de la culasse à mouler comportant notamment les conduits d'admission (4a) et d'échappemment (4b) et les chambres d'huile (2) et d'eau (3), les noyaux (12-15) étant constitués de préférence de sable comprimé et préalablement réalisés dans des boîtes à noyaux (16), caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire (11) est introduit dans le noyau (12) de la chambre d'huile (2) et solidement maintenu dans ce noyau (12) après compression de celui-ci et en ce que l'ensemble noyau (12)-élément tubulaire (11) est ensuite placé dans le moule de la culasse (1).Method according to claim 1, of the type in which the cylinder head mold (1) comprises several different cores (12-15) corresponding respectively to hollowed out parts (2, 3, 4a, 4b) of the cylinder head to be molded, comprising in particular the conduits intake (4a) and exhaust (4b) and the oil (2) and water (3) chambers, the cores (12-15) preferably consisting of compressed sand and previously produced in boxes with cores (16), characterized in that the tubular element (11) is introduced into the core (12) of the oil chamber (2) and firmly held in this core (12) after compression of the latter and in that the core (12) -tubular element (11) assembly is then placed in the cylinder head mold (1). Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire (11) est en outre introduit par sa partie inférieure dans le noyau (13) de la chambre d'eau (3) situé en dessous du noyau (12) de la chambre d'huile (2).Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tubular element (11) is further introduced by its lower part into the core (13) of the water chamber (3) located below the core (12) from the oil chamber (2). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire (11) est positionné dans le moule de la culasse (1) par un pied de positionnement (21) solidaire du couvercle (20) du moule et engagé dans la partie supérieure de l'élément tubulaire (11) jusqu'à venir en butée par un épaulement (22) de celui-ci sur le bord de l'ouverture supérieure de l'élément tubulaire (11).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubular element (11) is positioned in the mold of the cylinder head (1) by a positioning foot (21) integral with the cover (20) of the mold and engaged in the top of the element tubular (11) until it abuts by a shoulder (22) thereof on the edge of the upper opening of the tubular element (11). Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire de puits de bougie (11) est maintenu en position fixe dans le moule de la culasse (1) pendant l'opération de coulage de cette dernière par un élément tubulaire de support (23) solidaire de l'élément de puits de bougie (11) et mettant en communication ce dernier avec l'atmosphère.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular spark plug well element (11) is held in a fixed position in the mold of the cylinder head (1) during the casting operation of the latter by a tubular support element (23) integral with the spark plug well element (11) and putting the latter in communication with the atmosphere. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, pour la réalisation de plusieurs puits de bougie (5) associés respectivement à plusieurs cylindres du moteur, il consiste à supporter les éléments de puits de bougie (11) par plusieurs éléments de support (23) successivement alignés communiquant entre eux au travers des éléments de puits de bougie (11), les deux éléments de support extrêmes (23) étant solidarisés au moule de la culasse (1) pendant le coulage de cette dernière.Method according to claim 5, characterized in that, for producing several spark plug wells (5) associated respectively with several engine cylinders, it consists in supporting the spark plug well elements (11) by several support elements (23 ) successively aligned communicating with each other through spark plug well elements (11), the two extreme support elements (23) being secured to the cylinder head mold (1) during the casting of the latter. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à solidariser entre eux les différents éléments tubulaires (11, 23) précités avant leur mise en place dans une boîte à noyaux (13) destinés à former des chambres d'eau (3) de la culasse après moulage, à emprisonner la partie inférieure de chaque élément tubulaire de puits de bougie (11) dans le noyau correspondant (13) constitué de préférence de sable comprimé et à ensuite positionner l'ensemble éléments tubulaires (11, 23) - noyaux (13) dans le moule de la culasse (1).Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it consists in joining together the various tubular elements (11, 23) mentioned above before their installation in a core box (13) intended to form water chambers (3) of the cylinder head after molding, trapping the lower part of each tubular candle well element (11) in the corresponding core (13) preferably made of compressed sand and then positioning the tubular element assembly (11, 23) - cores (13) in the cylinder head mold (1). Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments tubulaires de support (23) précités ont une section rectangulaire ou carrée.Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the tubular support elements (23) above have a rectangular or square section. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les différents éléments tubulaires (11, 23) précités sont solidarisés par soudage.Method according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the various tubular elements (11, 23) mentioned above are joined by welding. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément tubulaire (11) est positionné dans le moule de la culasse (1) par un pied de positionnement (21) solidaire du couvercle (20) du moule et engagé dans la partie supérieure de l'élément tubulaire (11).Method according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that each tubular element (11) is positioned in the mold of the cylinder head (1) by a positioning foot (21) integral with the cover (20) of the mold and engaged in the upper part of the tubular element (11). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, après coulage de la culasse (1), l'élément tubulaire (11) est percé à son fond (11d) pour communiquer avec un trou taraudé (9) prévu dans la culasse (1) pour le passage du culot fileté (7b) d'une bougie d'allumage (7) et sa fixation dans la culasse (1).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after casting of the cylinder head (1), the tubular element (11) is pierced at its bottom (11d) to communicate with a tapped hole (9) provided in the cylinder head (1) for the passage of the threaded base (7b) of a spark plug (7) and its fixing in the cylinder head (1). Elément de puits de bougie destiné à être utilisé pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé tel que défini dans au moins la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps tubulaire (11a) comportant un fond (11d), une ouverture supérieure opposée au fond (11d) pour le passage d'une bougie d'allumage (7) et une collerette (11b) solidaire du corps (11a) de l'élément tubulaire (11) et assurant le maintien en position de l'élément tubulaire (11) dans le noyau (12) de la chambre d'huile (2) après compression de la matière constituant ledit noyau (12).Spark plug element intended to be used for implementing the method as defined in at least claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a tubular body (11a) comprising a bottom (11d), an opposite upper opening at the bottom (11d) for the passage of a spark plug (7) and a flange (11b) integral with the body (11a) of the tubular element (11) and ensuring the maintenance in position of the tubular element ( 11) in the core (12) of the oil chamber (2) after compression of the material constituting said core (12). Elément de puits de bougie selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le bord de l'ouverture supérieure de l'élément tubulaire (11) comprend un collet (11c) sur lequel vient en appui l'épaulement (22) du pied de positionnement (21) du couvercle (20) du moule de la culasse (1) lorsque le pied (21) est introduit dans l'élément tubulaire (11).Spark plug well element according to claim 12, characterized in that the edge of the upper opening of the tubular element (11) comprises a collar (11c) on which bears the shoulder (22) of the positioning foot (21) of the cover (20) of the cylinder head mold (1) when the foot (21) is introduced into the tubular element (11 ). Elément de puits de bougie selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que la paroi latérale de l'élément tubulaire (11) a une épaisseur relativement faible, par exemple d'environ 1 à 1,5 mm.Spark plug well element according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the side wall of the tubular element (11) has a relatively small thickness, for example around 1 to 1.5 mm. Elément de puits de bougie selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la collerette (11b) est rapportée par soudage au corps (11a) de l'élément tubulaire (11) ou obtenue par déformation de ce corps.Spark plug well element according to claim 12, characterized in that the collar (11b) is attached by welding to the body (11a) of the tubular element (11) or obtained by deformation of this body. Elément de puits de bougie selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire (11) est en acier ou en aluminium.Spark plug well element according to claim 15, characterized in that the tubular element (11) is made of steel or aluminum. Elément de puits de bougie selon l'une des revendications 12 à 16, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire (11) est en céramique et la collerette (11b) vient de forme avec l'élément tubulaire (11).Spark plug element according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the tubular element (11) is made of ceramic and the flange (11b) comes in shape with the tubular element (11). Ensemble d'éléments destiné à la formation d'au moins un puits de bougie selon le procédé tel que défini dans au moins la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un élement tubulaire de puits de bougie (11) et au moins un élément tubulaire de support (23) de l'élément de puits de bougie (11) fixé, de préférence par soudage, perpendiculairement à ce dernier en y débouchant.Set of elements intended for the formation of at least one candle well according to the method as defined in at least claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one tubular candle well element (11) and at at least one tubular support element (23) of the spark plug well element (11) fixed, preferably by welding, perpendicular to the latter by opening therein. Ensemble selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas de plusieurs puits de bougie (1) à former, il comprend plusieurs éléments tubulaires de support (23) d'éléments tubulaires de puits de bougie (11) et successivement alignés, deux éléments de supports successifs (23) débouchant dans un même élément de puits de bougie (11).Assembly according to claim 18, characterized in that in the case of several spark plug wells (1) to be formed, it comprises several tubular elements of support (23) of tubular spark plug well elements (11) and successively aligned, two successive support elements (23) opening into the same spark plug sink element (11). Ensemble selon la revendication 18 ou 19, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément tubulaire précité a une épaisseur relativement faible, d'environ 1 à 1,5 mm.Assembly according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that each aforementioned tubular element has a relatively small thickness, of approximately 1 to 1.5 mm.
EP90403400A 1989-12-15 1990-11-29 Method for producing a sparkplug well in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0433125B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8916655 1989-12-15
FR8916655A FR2656042B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1989-12-15 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SPARK PLUG WELLS IN A CYLINDER HEAD OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND SPARK PLUG COMPONENT FOR USE IN CARRYING OUT THIS PROCESS.
FR9006481A FR2662471B1 (en) 1990-05-23 1990-05-23 METHOD FOR PRODUCING SPARK PLUG WELLS IN A CYLINDER HEAD OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND SET OF ELEMENTS FOR FORMING AT LEAST SUCH A SPARK PLUG WELL.
FR9006481 1990-05-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0433125A1 true EP0433125A1 (en) 1991-06-19
EP0433125B1 EP0433125B1 (en) 1993-12-15

Family

ID=26227732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403400A Expired - Lifetime EP0433125B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1990-11-29 Method for producing a sparkplug well in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0433125B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69005276T2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102877976A (en) * 2012-09-30 2013-01-16 于洪伟 Cylinder cap for engine and processing process thereof
CN105246617A (en) * 2013-07-25 2016-01-13 宝马股份公司 Casting device and casting method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10117163A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Insert tube for a cylinder head with a cover of an internal combustion engine

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1075951A (en) * 1962-10-09 1967-07-19 Jeremy Robert Goddin Improvements in or relating to fluid-operated or fluid-operating machines of the reciprocatory type
GB1256401A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-12-08 Rubery Owen & Co Ltd Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
FR2431335A1 (en) * 1978-07-21 1980-02-15 Peugeot Coating of internal cavities in castings - esp. to provide thermal insulation preventing the cooling of exhaust gas in cylinder heads on IC engines
DE3340445A1 (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-15 Motoren-Werke Mannheim AG vorm. Benz Abt. stationärer Motorenbau, 6800 Mannheim CYLINDER HEAD
EP0146254A1 (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-26 Austin Rover Group Limited Cylinder head
US4604779A (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-08-12 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Method of producing a cylinder head with a port liner
EP0194922A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-17 Automobiles Peugeot Valvedrive for an internal-combustion engine having four V-inclined valves and a centrally disposed spark plug
EP0323021A2 (en) * 1987-12-24 1989-07-05 Ford Motor Company Limited Method of making and apparatus for monoblock engine construction

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3516453A1 (en) * 1985-05-08 1986-11-13 Audi AG, 8070 Ingolstadt LIQUID-COOLED CYLINDER HEAD

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1075951A (en) * 1962-10-09 1967-07-19 Jeremy Robert Goddin Improvements in or relating to fluid-operated or fluid-operating machines of the reciprocatory type
GB1256401A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-12-08 Rubery Owen & Co Ltd Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
FR2431335A1 (en) * 1978-07-21 1980-02-15 Peugeot Coating of internal cavities in castings - esp. to provide thermal insulation preventing the cooling of exhaust gas in cylinder heads on IC engines
DE3340445A1 (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-15 Motoren-Werke Mannheim AG vorm. Benz Abt. stationärer Motorenbau, 6800 Mannheim CYLINDER HEAD
EP0146254A1 (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-26 Austin Rover Group Limited Cylinder head
US4604779A (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-08-12 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Method of producing a cylinder head with a port liner
EP0194922A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-17 Automobiles Peugeot Valvedrive for an internal-combustion engine having four V-inclined valves and a centrally disposed spark plug
EP0323021A2 (en) * 1987-12-24 1989-07-05 Ford Motor Company Limited Method of making and apparatus for monoblock engine construction

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102877976A (en) * 2012-09-30 2013-01-16 于洪伟 Cylinder cap for engine and processing process thereof
CN105246617A (en) * 2013-07-25 2016-01-13 宝马股份公司 Casting device and casting method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0433125B1 (en) 1993-12-15
DE69005276D1 (en) 1994-01-27
DE69005276T2 (en) 1994-07-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2887005A1 (en) SHOULDER RELEASE SOLENOID VALVE
FR2582351A1 (en) IC engine composite, oil-cooled piston
FR2626508A1 (en) CASTING MOLD OF METALS, EQUIPPED WITH A SLEEVE CONTAINING A FILTER
CA2738094C (en) Component for the drilling and for the exploitation of hydrocarbon wells
EP0470021B1 (en) Method for realization of castings of aluminium or its alloys with integrated runners
EP0433125B1 (en) Method for producing a sparkplug well in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
FR2782752A1 (en) FUEL INJECTOR INJECTING INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2853931A1 (en) REDUCING GAMES IN A GAS TURBINE
FR2503282A1 (en) SOLDER PRESSURE TANK SUCH AS A PRESSURE ACCUMULATOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
FR2529119A1 (en) MASTER FOR BRAKE MASTER CYLINDER HOUSING AND HOUSING OBTAINED USING THE MOLD
FR2662471A1 (en) Method for making spark plug wells in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and set of elements intended to form at least one such spark plug well
FR2656042A1 (en) Method for producing spark plug wells in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and spark plug well element intended to be used for implementation of this method
FR2638205A1 (en) HEAT ENGINE, PARTICULARLY TWO-STROKE ENGINE FOR MANUALLY GUIDED MACHINE TOOLS SUCH AS CHAIN ENGINE SAWS OR THE LIKE
FR2888288A3 (en) IC engine cylinder head with partitioned inlet duct has partition made from same material as head during casting process
FR2768951A1 (en) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CYLINDER HEAD OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
EP0836539B1 (en) Internal nozzle/plate assembly comprising a weakened portion
FR2488842A1 (en) Reinforced windscreen wiper arm - has pivotable cover positioned over nut at end of arm with two short spigots locating in holes in arm
FR2530744A1 (en) PRESSURE TANK SUCH AS PRESSURE ACCUMULATOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
EP0963865B1 (en) Manufacturing method of a metallic suspension triangle, triangle obtained by this method and mold for this method
FR2877055A1 (en) Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has injector with body having cooling cavities filled of coolant to dissipate heat from injection nozzle, where cavities are closed tightly by pin
FR2555921A1 (en) Method for mounting at least one tube on a plate, sealing component for employing this method, and radiators, especially motor vehicle radiators, produced by this method, and other applications
FR2758591A1 (en) IC engine cylinder block, especially for Diesel engines
EP0341179B1 (en) Casting provided with a destructible part
EP1122419A1 (en) Cylinder head for an automobile engine
BE1006006A3 (en) Refractory piece for a casting tap hole on a furnace receptacle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910902

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920527

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69005276

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940127

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: DE DOMINICIS & MAYER S.R.L.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940322

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19941122

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19941123

Year of fee payment: 5

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19951129

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19951129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19960801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051129