EP0339185B1 - Dampferzeuger mit einer Verbrennung von Braunkohle mit unterschiedlich zusammengesetzter Braunkohle - Google Patents
Dampferzeuger mit einer Verbrennung von Braunkohle mit unterschiedlich zusammengesetzter Braunkohle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0339185B1 EP0339185B1 EP89101389A EP89101389A EP0339185B1 EP 0339185 B1 EP0339185 B1 EP 0339185B1 EP 89101389 A EP89101389 A EP 89101389A EP 89101389 A EP89101389 A EP 89101389A EP 0339185 B1 EP0339185 B1 EP 0339185B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating surfaces
- flue gas
- steam generator
- combustion
- lignite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
- F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
- F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for burning lignite with differently composed ash in a fluidized bed according to the preamble of claim 1 and a steam generator for performing the method.
- Lignites with an alkali content can be burned in dust and fluidized bed furnaces by steam generators. If the ash contains a higher content of alkali oxides and / or salts (salt coal), difficulties arise when these lignites are burned in that the alkalis considerably lower the softening point of the ash and lead to caking even at low temperatures.
- the combustion temperature can be reduced by recycling cold flue gas.
- a method for the combustion of saline lignite in which cold flue gas is blown into a fluidized bed and the free space above the fluidized bed in such a way that the heat is given off to the cold flue gas and the walls are cooled of the free space in the fluidized bed and at the gas-side end of the free space a temperature of about 780 ° C. is not exceeded.
- the wall temperature of the walls delimiting the free space is below the softening temperature of the ash.
- the measures to avoid the difficulties associated with the alkalis are only necessary when coal is burned.
- the invention has for its object to provide a steam generator in which lignite can be fired both with an alkali content of more than 2% in the ashes and with such an under 2%.
- a steam generator for performing the method is specified in claim 2.
- the steam generator is designed on the steam side for the combustion of salt coal.
- the special difficulties that arise from the presence of alkalis in the ashes of the coal are taken into account.
- a low bed temperature is maintained in the fluidized bed in that the heat from the combustion in the fluidized bed is partly transferred to the cold, recirculated flue gas. Since the combustion of brown coal with a lower alkali content in the ash at a higher bed temperature, the flue gas recirculation is completely or largely eliminated.
- the steam generator shown is designed as a multi-pass boiler and has a first flue gas duct 1, a second flue gas duct 2 and a third flue gas duct 3, which are delimited by gas-tight pipe walls 4 through which water and steam flow.
- the tube walls 4 are connected as an evaporator heating surface 5.
- the first flue gas duct 1 serves as a combustion chamber and takes up a fluidized bed 6 in the lower part. A constriction can be formed above the fluidized bed 6 by bending, which causes additional mixing of the flue gases.
- the interior of the first flue gas flue 1 is kept free from bundle heating surfaces and represents a free space.
- the second and third flue gas flues 2, 3 are connected by a boiler funnel 7, at the lower end of which a discharge device 8 for the flying dust accumulating is arranged.
- the second and third flue gas flues 2, 3 represent the convection part and take up heating surfaces 9 to 15, which are connected as superheaters or as economizers. Sootblowers are provided for cleaning the heating surfaces 9 to 15.
- Coal is fed into the fluidized bed 6 via a plurality of entry points 16, in which it is burned with the aid of air. Aggregates are introduced into the fluidized bed 6 together with the coal or separately via a separate entry 17.
- Preheated combustion air is blown into the fluidized bed 6 via floor nozzles 18.
- the air can also be fed in stages as primary air via the floor nozzles 18 and as secondary and tertiary air via blowing points 19, 20 into the free space above the fluidized bed 6.
- the air is preheated in a recuperative tubular air preheater 21, which connects to the third flue gas duct 3.
- the tube air preheater 21 can can also be replaced by a regenerative air preheater with rotating or stationary storage masses.
- the combustion air is drawn in from the outside by a fan 22, fed to the tubular air preheater 21 via a cold air line 23 and passed on to the floor nozzles 18 and the injection points 19, 20 via a warm air line 24.
- the primary, secondary and tertiary air can also be compressed by separate fans.
- a flue gas filter 25 is connected downstream of the tube air preheater 21.
- the airborne dust accumulating in the flue gas filter 25 is disposed of via a discharge device 26.
- a flue gas blower 27 conveys the cooled and cleaned flue gas through a flue gas line 28 to a chimney, not shown.
- the recirculation line 29 is led to blowing points 31, 32, which open into the fluidized bed 6 and the free space.
- a pressure-increasing fan 33 is used to compensate for the pressure difference within the fluidized bed 6.
- the cold recirculated flue gas absorbs part of the combustion heat released in the fluidized bed 6 and thus serves to adjust the bed temperature of the fluidized bed 6.
- the steam generator works on the natural circulation principle, the water-side circuit is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the heating surfaces 14, 15 located in the third flue gas duct 3 and last flown by the flue gas are connected as economizers and connected via a feed water line 34 to a drum 35, which serves to separate water and steam.
- the evaporator 5, which is designed as a wall heating surface of the tube walls 4 is connected to the water space of the drum 35 via downpipes 36 and risers 37.
- a steam line 38 is connected to the steam chamber of the drum 35 and is led via the heating surfaces 12, 13 and a further steam line 39 to the heating surfaces 9, 10, 11 of the second flue gas duct 2 which are connected as superheaters.
- the special feature of the circuit shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the heating surfaces 12, 13 lying between the heating surfaces 14, 15 serving as economizers and the heating surfaces 9, 10, 11 serving as superheaters are optionally switched as economizers or as superheaters can, depending on whether salt coal or low-alkali lignite is used.
- the heating surfaces 12, 13 are connected to the circuit via connecting lines 43, 44, 45 and three-way valves 40, 41, 42.
- the first three-way valve 40 is arranged in the feed water line 34.
- a first connecting line 43 is connected to one of the outputs of the first three-way valve 40 and leads to the input of the heating surface 12.
- the output of the heating surface 13 is connected via a second connecting line 44 to the part of the feed line 34 which lies between the drum 35 and the first three-way valve 40.
- the steam line 38 is connected to the first connecting line 43 before entry into the heating surface 12 and contains a second three-way valve 41.
- One input of this second three-way valve 41 is connected via a third connecting line 45 to the one to the input the heating surface 9 leading steam line 39 and connected to the one input of a third three-way valve 42.
- This third three-way valve 42 lies in the second connecting line 44 between the outlet of the heating surface 13 and the drum 35.
- the third connecting line 45 there is a connection between the steam space of the drum 35 and the superheater heating surfaces 9, 10, 11.
- the heating surfaces 12, 13 are thus connected as economizers.
- the economizer heating surfaces 14, 15 are connected directly to the drum 35 by switching the three-way valves 40, 41, 42, and this is via the steam line 38, the heating surfaces 12 , 13 and the steam line 39 connected to the superheater heating surfaces 9, 10, 11.
- the connecting lines 43, 44, 45 are not flowed through.
- the heating surfaces 12, 13 are thus switched as superheaters.
- the optional switching of the heating surfaces 12, 13, which lie between the economiser heating surfaces 14, 15 and the superheater heating surfaces 9, 10, 11, either as an economiser or as a superheater, can be achieved in addition to the natural circulation process described and also in the forced operation process of steam generation .
- the heating surfaces 12, 13 are switched as economizers according to FIG. 2.
- an amount of cold flue gas is blown into the fluidized bed 6 and the free space above the fluidized bed 6 via the recirculation line 29 such that a bed temperature of approximately 740 degrees C. can be maintained.
- the recirculated amount of flue gas is about 45% of the flue gas volume in full load.
- the heating surfaces 12, 13 are switched as superheaters according to FIG. 3. At the same time, the amount of the returned flue gas is reduced to around 8%, thereby maintaining a bed temperature of around 850 degrees Celsius.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3814314A DE3814314C1 (pt) | 1988-04-28 | 1988-04-28 | |
DE3814314 | 1988-04-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0339185A1 EP0339185A1 (de) | 1989-11-02 |
EP0339185B1 true EP0339185B1 (de) | 1991-08-28 |
Family
ID=6353058
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89101389A Expired - Lifetime EP0339185B1 (de) | 1988-04-28 | 1989-01-27 | Dampferzeuger mit einer Verbrennung von Braunkohle mit unterschiedlich zusammengesetzter Braunkohle |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4913097A (pt) |
EP (1) | EP0339185B1 (pt) |
AU (1) | AU604603B2 (pt) |
DD (1) | DD280578A5 (pt) |
DE (2) | DE3814314C1 (pt) |
HR (1) | HRP930404A2 (pt) |
YU (1) | YU47157B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2668815B1 (fr) * | 1990-11-02 | 1993-04-09 | Chauffe Cie Gle | Procede d'incineration de dechets urbains dans une unite comportant un foyer a lit fluidise et une chaudiere, avec epuration intrinseque des fumees. |
US5190451A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1993-03-02 | Combustion Power Company, Inc. | Emission control fluid bed reactor |
CA2105602A1 (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-08 | Ola Herstad | Steam boiler |
US5755187A (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1998-05-26 | Gotaverken Energy Ab | Steam boiler with externally positioned superheating means |
FR2711224B1 (fr) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-12-08 | Guillot Ind Sa | Dispositif de chauffage à recyclage partiel des gaz de combustion. |
US5450801A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-09-19 | Abboud; Harry I. | Fuel gas from incineration process |
CH688837A5 (de) * | 1994-01-14 | 1998-04-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | Dampferzeuger. |
DE19652967C1 (de) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-04-09 | Sbw Sonderabfallentsorgung Bad | Feuerbestattungseinrichtung |
DE19855670A1 (de) * | 1998-12-02 | 1999-12-09 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dampferzeugers und Dampferzeuger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2002090829A1 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-14 | Fortum Oyj | Method and arrangement for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions froma fluidized bed combustion |
US7954458B2 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2011-06-07 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Boiler having an integrated oxygen producing device |
US20110083593A1 (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2011-04-14 | AirClean Technologies, Inc. | Fluidized combustor |
CN102221212B (zh) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-07-10 | 李登平 | 循环焚烧炉 |
US10415825B2 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2019-09-17 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Methods of generating energy from cellulosic biofuel waste |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2916345A1 (de) * | 1979-04-23 | 1980-11-13 | Joachim Dipl Ing Nitschke | Verfahren zur teillaststeuerung von wirbelbettfeuerungen und anordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
IE51626B1 (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1987-01-21 | Fluidised Combustion Contract | A fluidised bed furnace and power generating plant including such a furnace |
US4363292A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-12-14 | A. Ahlstrom Osakeyhtio | Fluidized bed reactor |
US4416418A (en) * | 1982-03-05 | 1983-11-22 | Goodstine Stephen L | Fluidized bed residential heating system |
DD215144A1 (de) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-10-31 | Wolfgang Kluge | Verfahren zur verbrennung fester, salzhaltiger brennstoffe in wirbelschichtfeuerungen |
DE3406200A1 (de) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-08-22 | Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, 4200 Oberhausen | Dampferzeuger mit einer stationaeren wirbelschichtfeuerung |
JPH0229372Y2 (pt) * | 1984-09-26 | 1990-08-07 | ||
CN1010425B (zh) * | 1985-05-23 | 1990-11-14 | 西门子股份有限公司 | 沸腾炉 |
DE3712801A1 (de) * | 1987-04-15 | 1988-11-03 | Babcock Werke Ag | Verfahren zum verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger braunkohle |
-
1988
- 1988-04-28 DE DE3814314A patent/DE3814314C1/de not_active Expired
-
1989
- 1989-01-27 EP EP89101389A patent/EP0339185B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-27 DE DE8989101389T patent/DE58900239D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-31 AU AU32377/89A patent/AU604603B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-04-04 US US07/333,104 patent/US4913097A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-21 YU YU83089A patent/YU47157B/sh unknown
- 1989-04-24 DD DD89327921A patent/DD280578A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-03-19 HR HR930404A patent/HRP930404A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
YU47157B (sh) | 1995-01-31 |
YU83089A (sh) | 1993-05-28 |
US4913097A (en) | 1990-04-03 |
DD280578A5 (de) | 1990-07-11 |
DE3814314C1 (pt) | 1989-06-22 |
AU604603B2 (en) | 1990-12-20 |
DE58900239D1 (de) | 1991-10-02 |
AU3237789A (en) | 1989-11-02 |
HRP930404A2 (en) | 1994-08-31 |
EP0339185A1 (de) | 1989-11-02 |
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