EP0333849B1 - Washing device mounted on a motor vehicle and comprising a rotary washing arm which delivers jets of pressurized hot water for cleaning various surfaces - Google Patents

Washing device mounted on a motor vehicle and comprising a rotary washing arm which delivers jets of pressurized hot water for cleaning various surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0333849B1
EP0333849B1 EP88909555A EP88909555A EP0333849B1 EP 0333849 B1 EP0333849 B1 EP 0333849B1 EP 88909555 A EP88909555 A EP 88909555A EP 88909555 A EP88909555 A EP 88909555A EP 0333849 B1 EP0333849 B1 EP 0333849B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arm
rotary
nozzle
nozzles
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88909555A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0333849A1 (en
Inventor
Gérard MONTANIER
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EUROPE HYDRO
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EUROPE HYDRO
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Priority to AT88909555T priority Critical patent/ATE70869T1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/06—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet by jet reaction, i.e. creating a spinning torque due to a tangential component of the jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/001—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements incorporating means for heating or cooling, e.g. the material to be sprayed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/005—Mobile installations, particularly for upkeeping in situ road or railway furniture, for instance road barricades, traffic signs; Mobile installations particularly for upkeeping tunnel walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/10—Hydraulically loosening or dislodging undesirable matter; Raking or scraping apparatus ; Removing liquids or semi-liquids e.g., absorbing water, sliding-off mud
    • E01H1/101—Hydraulic loosening or dislodging, combined or not with mechanical loosening or dislodging, e.g. road washing machines with brushes or wipers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/002—Arrangements for cleaning building facades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the washing of dirty surfaces such as floors, walls, ceilings using a device fitted to a motor vehicle.
  • Such devices used to date for cleaning floors have a fixed washing ramp with high flow rate and low cold water pressure.
  • the boom has a large number of nozzles to cover by movement of the vehicle a given working area.
  • Hot water cannot be used in these known devices because of the high water flow (6 to 20 m3 / h) required.
  • the vehicle comprising such a device has a chassis which supports a large tank to provide, due to the high water flow, a certain operating autonomy for the vehicle.
  • this tank could be filled with hot water before the vehicle leaves for a cleaning tour, but it would also be necessary to provide good insulation of this tank so that the water temperature does not drop too much over time, especially in winter.
  • a hot spring should be provided at a specific location, which would limit the range and use of this vehicle.
  • the known washing devices comprise a fixed ramp which only delivers jets of fixed directions under a low pressure of cold water and consequently these jets do not have a cleaning effect on the soiled surfaces of fatty substances such as oils or fats.
  • washing devices which deliver by means of rotary arms fitted with hot water nozzles under a pressure of at least about 3.5 bar.
  • This pressure can, in certain other devices produced on the same principle, reach 500 bars.
  • the document FR-A-2515536 provides for a hot water pressure varying from 0 to 500 bars, that the document "Seifen-öle-Fette-Waschse, vol 97, n ° 8, 15.04.71 recommends a pressure of hot water of 85 bars or that DE-A-2515892 provides for the delivery of the fluid under a pressure of about 200 bars.
  • washing devices comprising as spreading means rotary arms provided with nozzles of different shapes and with different mounting methods are described in the technical literature. This is for example the case of documents DE-A-2257607, FR-A-2515536 and DE-A-2515892 already cited, of document EP-A-0196978, of FR-A-2584747, of US-A- 1388510 or GB-A-2024611.
  • the present invention proposes to provide, by a particular combination and by a particular embodiment of means which are also known separately, a washing device fitted to a motor vehicle making it possible not only to obtain a jet of hot water under pressure capable, by its temperature, to soften or even melt the fatty substances on the surfaces to be cleaned, but also a jet having a great cleaning power on all the affected surfaces (front, rear, lateral of a surface having reliefs) with a strong kinetic energy. Furthermore, this device makes it possible, thanks to this high power of jets, to reduce the flow rate of hot water delivered.
  • the invention relates to a washing device fitted to a motor vehicle, this device having a strong cleaning effect on surfaces including those soiled with fatty substances.
  • This washing device is of the type comprising at least one cold water tank and water heating means which supply by means of pumping means and pipes at least one rotary cleaning arm provided with '' at least one nozzle, each nozzle being able to directing a jet of pressurized hot water towards a surface to be cleaned, and it is first of all characterized in that the heating means comprises at least one high pressure boiler adapted to deliver superheated water under a pressure of 100 to 250 bars.
  • the pressure is provided by the pumping means which advantageously include a high pressure positive displacement pump for this purpose.
  • the high power of the jet makes it possible to reduce its cross section therefore the flow rate of each nozzle equipping the rotary arm. This results in a particularly low consumption of hot water and a long autonomy of the cleaning vehicle.
  • the device in question also has the rotary arm being disposed substantially horizontal and having a substantially vertical axis of rotation, said arm being located under the vehicle with a nozzle at each of its ends, these nozzles being themselves characterized by the fact that they are substantially identical with a basic triangular flat shape extending towards the floor to be cleaned at an opening angle ⁇ of between approximately 15 and 40 °, the general mean plane of each nozzle being inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the axis of rotation of said rotary arm carrying said nozzle, this angle ⁇ being an acute angle between 0 ° and 30 °.
  • two nozzles of the same rotary arm have the same angle of inclination ⁇ so that the angle of attack of the jets of these nozzles on the surface to be cleaned are different.
  • these jets can attack the opposite edges of a surface element comprising facets perpendicular to the general plane of this surface such that pavers or gratings.
  • This device also comprises means for adjusting the height of the rotary arm relative to the floor to be cleaned between a cleaning position and a waiting position.
  • the device is particularly suitable for cleaning roads, aircraft landing strips, and other oily soils.
  • the device is characterized in that it further comprises an articulated orientable and deployable member having a rotary cleaning arm disposed at its free end for cleaning walls, ceilings, floors and surfaces of various orientation.
  • each rotary arm provided with at least one of its nozzles is designed to deliver, during operation, a quantity of hot water under high kinetic energy pressure of between approximately 0.5 and 3 m3 / hour.
  • a high pressure rotary joint is then provided for the rotation of said rotary arm while ensuring its supply of hot water.
  • a washing device equips a three-wheeled vehicle whose motorization is known per se.
  • the chassis At the rear of the cockpit, the chassis, generally in the form of a horizontal plane, carries two cold water tanks 1, 2 which supply two vertical boilers 3, 4 using a high pressure pump 5 which creates a strong pressure in all the pipes.
  • the boilers 3, 4 in turn supply by pipes and a rotary joint, a rotary shaft 6 of a cleaning arm 7 substantially horizontal and axis of rotation 6A substantially vertical provided at its ends with two nozzles 8, 9 whose orifices are directed towards the ground.
  • the cleaning arm 7 is located under the vehicle between the wheels and its rotation is protected by a protective casing 10.
  • This protective casing 10 is provided with guide rollers 11 (only one of which is shown) and is connected by elements for fixing to the external part of the rotary joint which will be described below.
  • the dimensions of the casing situated between the wheels of the vehicle do not exceed the width of the vehicle.
  • its diameter will therefore be equal to or less than the width of the vehicle.
  • the reservoir 1 known as the front reservoir, because close to the cockpit, has the overall shape of a straight parallelepiped whose dimensions do not exceed the height of the cabin and the width of the vehicle.
  • This reservoir 1 provided with a filling orifice 1A in cold water, has a concave recess 11 on its rear face to leave the space necessary for a lifting cylinder 12 of the rotary shaft 6 carrying the rotary arm 7 and the casing 10.
  • the lifting cylinder constitutes means for adjusting the height of the rotary arm with respect to the ground to be cleaned between a cleaning position A and a standby position B.
  • the tank 2 is called rear tank because it is located near the edge rear of the vehicle has the same generally parallelepiped shape as the tank 1 and also has a filling orifice 2A.
  • This rear tank 2 mounted on a tilting subframe can be tilted around a hinge 13A to give access to the vehicle engine.
  • heating means are constituted by the two vertical boilers 3 and 4, with oil burners 14, 15.
  • the chassis of the vehicle also carries the high pressure positive displacement pump 5, two hydraulic motor / alternator assemblies 13 of which only one is shown, to meet the electrical needs of the two burners, and a low pressure positive displacement pump 19 for supplying cold water to a ramp of flush 20 located below the front face of the cockpit.
  • a first end 21 of this ramp 20 is connected to a flexible cold water supply pipe and is supported by a hinge forming a ball joint.
  • the second plugged end 22 is fixed to a height adjustment cylinder 23 and to a corner cylinder 24.
  • This ramp 20 is provided over its entire length with regularly spaced orifices 25 and whatever its position it does not exceed the vehicle width.
  • this ramp 20 In another embodiment (not shown) of this ramp 20, this instead of being at the front of the vehicle is located at the rear. This arrangement allows simultaneous washing by the rotary arm 7 and rinsing by the ramp 20 in a single pass of the vehicle. The drawback of this rear position lies in a poorer view of the ramp by the driver of the vehicle, who then uses a system of mirrors.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a preferred embodiment of the rotary cleaning arm 7 which is formed of a tube 7A substantially straight and perpendicular in its middle to the axis 6A of the hollow rotary shaft 6.
  • This tube is connected to each of its two ends has a nozzle 8, 9.
  • the nozzles 8 and 9 are identical and have a generally flat triangular shape.
  • the nozzle 8 is constituted by a front face 26 having the shape of an isosceles triangle and a rear face 27, image of the front face with respect to a plane of symmetry parallel to the front face, and located in the vicinity of that -this.
  • the distance between the two faces 26 and 27 defines the width d of the orifice 28 of the nozzle.
  • the opposite faces and which have the same overall length are connected to form an outer side 29 and an inner side 30 rounded of the nozzle.
  • the nozzle is characterized by its opening angle ⁇ equal to the angle of the apex of the isosceles triangle, and by the angle of inclination ⁇ of its mean general plane relative to the axis of rotation 6A.
  • the two nozzles 8 and 9 have a general mean plane whose angle of inclination is approximately 10 °.
  • the opening angle is 40 °.
  • ⁇ can vary between 0 and 30 ° and ⁇ can be chosen between around 15 and 40 °.
  • a small aperture angle ⁇ will increase the power of the jet compared to a large aperture.
  • a large opening will contribute to attacking all the facets of the small reliefs of the surface to be cleaned during the progression of the vehicle. If the main use of such a washing device is known, the angle ⁇ will be small for very smooth and very dirty surfaces, but rather large for surfaces with many small reliefs.
  • the water jets under high pressure are in the form of two flat blades widening at the angle ⁇ and in the general mean plane.
  • the two water jets are symmetrical with respect to a plane Y passing through the axis of rotation 6A and perpendicular to the axis 7B of the tube 7A.
  • This latter symmetry determines a balance of reaction force exerted on the ends of the rotary arm 7 by the departure of the water at high speed from each nozzle 8, 9.
  • this element 32 will undergo the jet of the nozzle at an equal acute angle of attack at 90 ° - ⁇ then the jet from nozzle 9 at an obtuse angle of attack equal to 90 ° + ⁇ , the difference in inclination of the two successive jets being 2 ⁇ .
  • this element has opposite facets perpendicular A and B to the general plane Z and which, for the sake of clarity, each have their plane passing through the axis of rotation 6A, the successive jets can then attack each facet A and B.
  • the first jet from nozzle 8 will attack facet A at the angle of attack ⁇ without being able to attack facet B, but the second jet from nozzle 9 will attack facet B at the angle of attack ⁇ without having previously attacked facet A.
  • the two other opposite facets C and D perpendicular to the general plane Z and parallel to the direction of movement of the vehicle will be attacked by the jets by the combined action of the opening of each nozzle, the angle ⁇ and of the progression of the vehicle with the rotation of the rotary shaft 7.
  • the two nozzles of the same rotary arm have tilt angles ⁇ of the same magnitude but in opposite directions.
  • the two jets then have the same angle of attack, either obtuse or acute, of the surface to be cleaned and a torque is applied by reaction effect on the rotary arm which has no no motor required to be rotated.
  • the rotary arm comprises means for adjusting the angle of inclination ⁇ of each nozzle.
  • the angle ⁇ can be adjusted between 0 and 30 °.
  • Each nozzle then forms a single piece with a short segment of cylindrical tube which is connected to the end of the tube 7A of the rotary arm by means of any known connection means such as for example flange assembly flange with gasket.
  • FIG. 7 represents a high pressure rotary joint 32A which allows the rotation of the rotary arm while ensuring its supply of hot water.
  • This seal 32A essentially consists of two parts: a shaft 33 which can enter into rotation, by the action of a motor 70, inside a cylindrical ring 34.
  • the shaft 33 is provided with a radial bore 35 which communicates with an axial bore 36A intended to be connected to the rotary shaft 6 of the rotary arm 7.
  • the radial bore 35 of the shaft communicates whatever its angular position with a chamber 36 having the shape of a hollow ring in the cylindrical ring 34.
  • a radial bore passes through the cylindrical ring and opens into the chamber 36.
  • the seal is ensured by annular seals 38, 39 located between the shaft 33 and the cylindrical ring 34, on the side and other of the chamber 36 and axially spaced.
  • Two bearings 40, 41 guide the shaft in rotation.
  • the pressurized hot water arriving along arrow A fills the chamber 36, then the radial bore 35 of the shaft to come out of the rotary joint according to arrow D.
  • This rotary joint 32 allows the circulation of water to a maximum temperature of 140 ° C, under a maximum pressure of 350 bars and a maximum rotation speed of 500 revolutions / min.
  • FIG. 8 represents a diagram of operation and control for the first embodiment of the device according to the invention. This diagram does not show the electrical supply and control circuit whose electricity comes from a generator located in the engine block of the vehicle. Thus are essentially represented the hydraulic circuits of the device according to the invention.
  • These circuits include two pressurized water circulation circuits and two pressurized hydraulic oil circuits.
  • the first water circulation circuit draws water from the reservoirs (only 1 of which is represented) by means of a filter 42.
  • the reservoir 1 is provided with a low level detector 43 connected to the circuit electric, a cartridge filter 44 at the inlet 1A and a drain valve 45.
  • the withdrawn water is put under high pressure by a high pressure positive displacement pump 5.
  • This pump can ensure a flow of 3000 l / hour under a maximum pressure of 250 bars. It is driven by a hydraulic motor 47.
  • the pump 5 sends the water into the coil 48 of an oil-fired boiler 3.
  • the second boiler 4 has not been shown.
  • This boiler is equipped with an oil burner 14, a flow controller (not shown) and a thermostat for adjusting the temperature of the outlet water (not shown).
  • the thermostat is preferably set between 50 and 95 ° C.
  • a pressure limiter 49 which in operation can return the water to the tank 1.
  • the hot water from the coil can be distributed using two valves 50, 51, either to the reel 16 provided with a hose at the end of which is fixed the gun 17 provided with its lance 18, or to the arm rotary 7.
  • the nozzles 8 and 9 have an orifice 28 dimensioned so that the water is under a pressure of approximately 100 to 250 bars with a total flow of between approximately 0.5 and 3 m3 / h.
  • Another water circuit supplies the rinsing ramp.
  • Water is taken from tank 1 via a filter 52, then placed under low pressure using a low pressure centrifugal pump 53.
  • This pump can ensure a water flow of 4,500 l / h under a maximum pressure of 7 bars. It is driven by a hydraulic motor 54.
  • the pump 53 sends cold water into the pipeline 55 through a solenoid valve 56. Between the pump 53 and the solenoid valve 56 is a pressure relief valve 57 which in operation can return water in tank 1.
  • the first hydraulic oil pressure circuit which supplies the two hydraulic motors 47 and 54 described above comprises a motor 59 which drives a positive displacement pump 60.
  • This motor 59 can be replaced by a power take-off of the vehicle engine.
  • Bypass a pressure limiter 61A ensures the safety of the system.
  • the positive displacement pump 60 feeds the hydraulic motor 47 via a solenoid valve (4/2) 61. Between this pump 60 and this distributor 61 a bypass can conduct the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 54 via '' a solenoid valve (4/2) 62.
  • a second hydraulic circuit controls the positioning of the rotary arm 7, the flushing ramp 20 and the operation of an alternator 13 serving to supply electric power to the burner 14.
  • An electric motor 64 actuates a hydraulic pump 65 which supplies all of the second pressurized oil circuit.
  • This engine 64 can be replaced by a PTO of the vehicle engine.
  • This hydraulic pump is fitted with a pressure limiter 66 and supplies, via a solenoid valve (4/2) 67 and two hoses 68, 69, a hydraulic motor 70 which drives, via the rotary joint 32A, the rotary arm 7.
  • this first embodiment of a washing device is the following.
  • the vehicle arrives at the washing places, casing and rotary arm raised in the standby position.
  • the conductor lowers the rotary arm and begins strip cleaning of the surface to be cleaned with hot water under high pressure.
  • the driver makes iron his vehicle on the surface by activating the rinsing ramp which is tilted either to the right or to the left to evacuate the dirt either to the right or to left of the vehicle.
  • This first embodiment of the invention makes it possible to effectively clean the floors where the vehicle can run.
  • a rotary arm 107 disposed at a so-called free end of a swiveling and deployable articulated arm 200.
  • the other end of this arm is fixed to a pivoting bracket 201, the base of which is integral with the chassis of the motor vehicle which is under the shape of a heavy goods vehicle with four wheels with at its front over its entire width, an adjustable flushing ramp 120 similar to that described in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the bracket 201 comprises a substantially vertical pole 202 in the form of a cylinder of revolution capable of pivoting in both directions by an angle in total of approximately 90 ° around its axis of revolution.
  • a first segment 204 forming a console to constitute the pivoting bracket with the post.
  • This first segment 204 is rectilinear, hollow and forms an obtuse angle with the axis of revolution of the post 202 which is preferably located equidistant from the lateral edges of the vehicle.
  • the arm segment 204 passes over the roof of the cockpit comprising a light beacon and its forward-facing end 205 slightly exceeds the front edge of the cockpit in overlooking it.
  • This end 205 is articulated around an axis 206 substantially horizontal to a second hollow segment 207 of the articulated arm by virtue of two coaxial rotary actuators 208, 209, mounted head to tail, the controlled rotation of which is identical and synchronized and approximately in total 225 °.
  • Two cylinders are provided to create together sufficient torque capable of supporting and moving the rest of the arm ending in the washing head assembly.
  • These cylinders 208, 209 may for example be cylinders Type SM 2.200 FLO-TORK from the company Doedijns.
  • the second hollow segment 207 is articulated to a third hollow segment 210 using a rotary actuator 211 so that the two hollow segments 207, 210 are substantially coaxial with the axis of rotation of the rotary actuator 211 which can rotate by an angle of 360 °.
  • This jack 211 has a hollow shaft secured to the third segment 210 while its frame is secured to the second segment 207.
  • This jack can for example be a Flo-Tork hydraulic rotary jack with hollow shaft model 75000, 150000, 300000 or 600000, the diameter inside of the hollow shaft then being between approximately 7 cm and approximately 9.5 cm.
  • the length ratios of segments 207 and 210 can be any, but preferably the length of segment 207 is longer than that of segment 210.
  • the cylinder 211 has a hollow shaft because this allows the passage of the hydraulic fluid and water supply conduits as well as the passage of electrical cables for controlling the position of the housing 110 as will be described below.
  • the third segment 210 is articulated to a washing head assembly 212 by means of a rotary actuator 213 whose axis of rotation 214 is orthogonal to the axis of rotation 211A of the preceding rotary actuator 211.
  • the rotary actuator 213 can for example be an ECKART actuator (Doedijns company) of the ND series with a size ranging from 63 to 200 (piston size in mm).
  • the rotary actuator 213 is able to rotate 360 ° but the size of the washing head assembly means that in reality the possible pivoting angle of the washing head 212 relative to the third segment 210 is a little less than 360 ° or about 300 °.
  • These two possible successive rotations of the articulated cylinders 211, 213 make it possible to give the housing 110 and the washing arm almost all possible orientations in space with only a very small dead angle which can be compensated by an angulation at the level of the axis 206 between the first segment 204 and the second segment 207 using the cylinders 208, 209.
  • the washing head assembly 212 comprises, in a protective casing 215, a hydraulic motor 170 driving the cleaning arm 107 provided with nozzles 108, 109 by a rotating joint 132. This cleaning arm rotates in a protective casing 110.
  • This casing 110 having the shape of a cylinder of revolution of low height, is open at one of its ends to allow the jets coming from the nozzles 108 and 109 to pass.
  • the opposite end of the casing 110 is provided with large orifices 206, so that the latter does not transform into a receptacle for water and dirt when the ceilings are cleaned in particular.
  • the casing 110 made integral with the protective casing 215 by means of sheet metal buttresses 216, has on its periphery several detector elements 217 comprising microswitches electrically connected to an electronic system for controlling the movements of the articulated arm 200. In the event contact of a sensor element with the surface to be cleaned any movement of the articulated arm is stopped by stopping the supply of cylinders with fluid. Similarly, if the vehicle is in motion, its progress is immediately braked.
  • the rotary cylinders 208, 209, 211, 213 are connected to hydraulic pumps not shown using hoses located outside of the articulated arm 200.
  • connection hoses (220, 221) of the hydraulic motor 170 to a positive displacement pump not shown and a hose 222 for supplying hot water under pressure to the rotary cleaning arm 107.
  • hoses 220, 221, 222 pass inside the first segment 204 and then come out to span the axis of the rotary jacks 208, 209 to pass back inside the second segment 207, then from the hollow shaft of the rotary jack. 211 to join the interior of the third segment 210 and from there after having stepped over the rotary actuator 213 connect respectively to the hydraulic motor 170 and to the rotary joint 132.
  • the electric cables (not shown), connected to the detector elements 217 follow the same path as the hoses 220, 221, 222 inside the articulated arm.
  • the protective casing 110 rests in the vicinity of the rear roof of the vehicle by folding back the articulated arm 200, by pivoting around the jacks upside down 208, 209.
  • This provides the lowest overall height of the vehicle thus equipped.
  • the deployed length of the articulated arm measured from the end 203 of the post 202 and going to the edge of the casing which is in operation facing the surface to be cleaned, is close to the overall length of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle with its washing arm in the rest position, arrives near the places of cleaning.
  • the articulated arm In an open space in height the articulated arm is unfolded so that it projects at the front of the cockpit.
  • the protective casing is brought gently to the vicinity of the surface to be cleaned in as parallel a manner as possible. shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11, by controlling the different cylinders of the articulated arm 200 and the bracket 201.
  • the approach to the surface to be cleaned is controlled by the detector elements 217, which play the role of safety of the visual guidance by the driver of the vehicle.
  • the driver With the vehicle stationary, the driver can clean circular areas of floors, walls, ceilings by controlled movements of the articulated member.
  • the movement of the vehicle allows washing in strips extending in the direction of progression of the vehicle in slow forward (approximately 1.5 km / hour).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR88/00501 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 9, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 9, 1989 PCT Filed Oct. 10, 1988 PCT Pub. No. WO89/03456 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 20, 1989.A washing device mounted on a motor vehicle comprises cold water tanks and a high pressure boiler providing water at 100 to 250 bars. A rotary cleaning arm is supplied with the pressurized hot water and has nozzles at its ends directed towards the surface to be cleaned. A protective casing surrounds the rotary cleaning arm. The cleaninig arm can be mounted underneath the vehicle for vertical movement between operative and standby positions. The rotary arm has a rotation axis passing through its center and is provided with a nozzle at each end, the two nozzles being substantially identical, of flat triangular shape and having the same mean general plane. The nozzle therefore deliver two divergent flat jets that are substantially coplanar and which have different angles of attack on the surface to be cleaned. These jets can impinge on the opposite edges of an element of an irregular surface comprising facets perpendicular to the general plane of the surface, such as cobblestones and duckboards.

Description

La présente invention concerne le lavage des surfaces sales telles que sols, murs, plafonds à l'aide d'un dispositif équipant un véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to the washing of dirty surfaces such as floors, walls, ceilings using a device fitted to a motor vehicle.

De tels dispositifs employés à ce jour pour nettoyer les sols comportent une rampe de lavage fixe à gros débit et faible pression d'eau froide. La rampe comporte un grand nombre de buses pour couvrir par déplacement du véhicule une zone de travail donnée. L'eau chaude ne peut pas être employée dans ces dispositifs connus à cause du débit d'eau important (6 à 20 m³/h) nécessaire. En effet, le véhicule comportant un tel dispositif a un châssis qui supporte un grand réservoir pour procurer, à cause du débit d'eau important, une certaine autonomie de fonctionnement au véhicule.Such devices used to date for cleaning floors have a fixed washing ramp with high flow rate and low cold water pressure. The boom has a large number of nozzles to cover by movement of the vehicle a given working area. Hot water cannot be used in these known devices because of the high water flow (6 to 20 m³ / h) required. Indeed, the vehicle comprising such a device has a chassis which supports a large tank to provide, due to the high water flow, a certain operating autonomy for the vehicle.

En théorie ce réservoir pourrait être rempli d'eau chaude avant le départ du véhicule pour une tournée de nettoyage, mais il faudrait prévoir en plus un bon calorifugeage de ce réservoir pour que la température de l'eau ne chute pas trop avec le temps, surtout en période hivernale.In theory, this tank could be filled with hot water before the vehicle leaves for a cleaning tour, but it would also be necessary to provide good insulation of this tank so that the water temperature does not drop too much over time, especially in winter.

De plus, il faudrait prévoir une source d'eau chaude à un endroit précis, ce qui limiterait l'autonomie et l'emploi de ce véhicule.In addition, a hot spring should be provided at a specific location, which would limit the range and use of this vehicle.

Les considérations ci-dessus expliquent que les dispositifs de lavage connus comportent une rampe fixe qui ne délivre que des jets de directions fixes sous une faible pression d'eau froide et par conséquent ces jets n'ont pas un effet nettoyant sur les surfaces souillées de corps gras tels que huiles ou graisses.The above considerations explain that the known washing devices comprise a fixed ramp which only delivers jets of fixed directions under a low pressure of cold water and consequently these jets do not have a cleaning effect on the soiled surfaces of fatty substances such as oils or fats.

On connaît par ailleurs comme décrit dans le document DE-A-2257607 des dispositifs de lavage délivrant au moyen de bras rotatifs munis de buses de l'eau chaude sous une pression d'au moins environ 3,5 bars. Cette pression peut, dans certains autres dispositifs réalisés sur le même principe, atteindre 500 bars. C'est ainsi que le document FR-A-2515536 prévoit une pression d'eau chaude variant de 0 à 500 bars, que le document "Seifen-öle-Fette-Waschse, vol 97, n°8, 15.04.71 préconise une pression d'eau chaude de 85 bars ou que le DE-A-2515892 prévoit la délivrance du fluide sous une pression d'environ 200 bars.Furthermore, as described in document DE-A-2257607, washing devices are known which deliver by means of rotary arms fitted with hot water nozzles under a pressure of at least about 3.5 bar. This pressure can, in certain other devices produced on the same principle, reach 500 bars. Thus the document FR-A-2515536 provides for a hot water pressure varying from 0 to 500 bars, that the document "Seifen-öle-Fette-Waschse, vol 97, n ° 8, 15.04.71 recommends a pressure of hot water of 85 bars or that DE-A-2515892 provides for the delivery of the fluid under a pressure of about 200 bars.

Par ailleurs de nombreux autres dispositifs de lavage comprenant comme moyen d'épandage des bras rotatifs munis de buses de différentes formes et avec différents modes de montage sont décrits dans la littérature technique. C'est par exemple, le cas des documents DE-A-2257607, FR-A-2515536 et DE-A-2515892 déjà cités, du document EP-A-0196978, du FR-A-2584747, du US-A-1388510 ou GB-A-2024611.In addition, many other washing devices comprising as spreading means rotary arms provided with nozzles of different shapes and with different mounting methods are described in the technical literature. This is for example the case of documents DE-A-2257607, FR-A-2515536 and DE-A-2515892 already cited, of document EP-A-0196978, of FR-A-2584747, of US-A- 1388510 or GB-A-2024611.

Or la présente invention se propose de fournir, par une combinaison particulière et par une réalisation particulière de moyens par ailleurs isolément connus, un dispositif de lavage équipant un véhicule automobile permettant d'obtenir non seulement un jet d'eau chaude sous pression susceptible, par sa température, de ramollir, voire de faire fondre les corps gras sur les surfaces à nettoyer, mais aussi un jet possédant une grande puissance de nettoyage sur toutes les faces touchées (frontales, arrière, latérales d'une surface présentant des reliefs) avec une forte énergie cinétique. Par ailleurs, ce dispositif permet grâce à cette forte puissance de jets, de réduire le débit en eau chaude délivrée. L'invention a pour objet un dispositif de lavage équipant un véhicule automobile, ce dispositif ayant un fort effet nettoyant des surfaces y compris celles souillées de corps gras.However, the present invention proposes to provide, by a particular combination and by a particular embodiment of means which are also known separately, a washing device fitted to a motor vehicle making it possible not only to obtain a jet of hot water under pressure capable, by its temperature, to soften or even melt the fatty substances on the surfaces to be cleaned, but also a jet having a great cleaning power on all the affected surfaces (front, rear, lateral of a surface having reliefs) with a strong kinetic energy. Furthermore, this device makes it possible, thanks to this high power of jets, to reduce the flow rate of hot water delivered. The invention relates to a washing device fitted to a motor vehicle, this device having a strong cleaning effect on surfaces including those soiled with fatty substances.

Ce dispositif de lavage selon l'invention est du type comportant au moins un réservoir d'eau froide et des moyens de chauffage d'eau qui alimentent à l'aide de moyens de pompage et de canalisations au moins un bras rotatif de nettoyage muni d'au moins une buse, chaque buse étant à même de diriger un jet d'eau chaude sous pression vers une surface à nettoyer, et il est tout d'abord caractérisé en ce que le moyen de chauffage comporte au moins une chaudière haute pression adaptée à délivrer de l'eau surchauffée sous une pression de 100 à 250 bars.This washing device according to the invention is of the type comprising at least one cold water tank and water heating means which supply by means of pumping means and pipes at least one rotary cleaning arm provided with '' at least one nozzle, each nozzle being able to directing a jet of pressurized hot water towards a surface to be cleaned, and it is first of all characterized in that the heating means comprises at least one high pressure boiler adapted to deliver superheated water under a pressure of 100 to 250 bars.

La pression est assurée par les moyens de pompage qui comportent avantageusement à cet effet une pompe volumétrique haute pression.The pressure is provided by the pumping means which advantageously include a high pressure positive displacement pump for this purpose.

Ces dispositions permettent d'obtenir un jet d'eau chaude sous pression qui possède une grande puissance de nettoyage sur les surfaces touchées, car ce jet possède une forte énergie cinétique et sa température permet ainsi de ramollir, voir fondre les corps gras rencontrés et de les séparer des surfaces lavées.These provisions make it possible to obtain a pressurized hot water jet which has a great cleaning power on the affected surfaces, since this jet has a high kinetic energy and its temperature thus makes it possible to soften, even to melt the fatty substances encountered and to separate them from the washed surfaces.

La forte puissance du jet permet de réduire sa section transversale donc le débit de chaque buse équipant le bras rotatif. Il en résulte une consommation d'eau chaude particulièrement faible et une grande autonomie du véhicule de nettoyage.The high power of the jet makes it possible to reduce its cross section therefore the flow rate of each nozzle equipping the rotary arm. This results in a particularly low consumption of hot water and a long autonomy of the cleaning vehicle.

Par ailleurs le dispositif en cause présente aussi le bras rotatif étant disposé sensiblement horizontal et ayant un axe de rotation sensiblement vertical, ledit bras étant situé sous le véhicule avec une buse à chacune de ses extrémités, ces buses se caractérisant elles-mêmes par le fait qu'elles sont sensiblement identiques de forme triangulaire plate de base allant en s'élargissant vers le sol à nettoyer selon un angle d'ouverture β compris entre environ 15 et 40°, le plan général moyen de chaque buse étant incliné selon un angle γ par rapport à l'axe de rotation dudit bras rotatif portant ladite buse, cet angle γ étant un angle aigu entre 0° et 30°.Furthermore, the device in question also has the rotary arm being disposed substantially horizontal and having a substantially vertical axis of rotation, said arm being located under the vehicle with a nozzle at each of its ends, these nozzles being themselves characterized by the fact that they are substantially identical with a basic triangular flat shape extending towards the floor to be cleaned at an opening angle β of between approximately 15 and 40 °, the general mean plane of each nozzle being inclined at an angle γ relative to the axis of rotation of said rotary arm carrying said nozzle, this angle γ being an acute angle between 0 ° and 30 °.

De façon avantageuse, deux buses d'un même bras rotatif ont le même angle d'inclinaison γ afin que l'angle d'attaque des jets de ces buses sur la surface à nettoyer soient différents. De la sorte, ces jets peuvent attaquer les bords opposés d'un élément de surface comportant des facettes perpendiculaires au plan général de cette surface tels que pavés ou caillebotis.Advantageously, two nozzles of the same rotary arm have the same angle of inclination γ so that the angle of attack of the jets of these nozzles on the surface to be cleaned are different. In this way, these jets can attack the opposite edges of a surface element comprising facets perpendicular to the general plane of this surface such that pavers or gratings.

Ce dispositif comporte également des moyens de réglage de la hauteur du bras rotatif par rapport au sol à nettoyer entre une position de nettoyage et une position d'attente.This device also comprises means for adjusting the height of the rotary arm relative to the floor to be cleaned between a cleaning position and a waiting position.

Ces caractéristiques permettent d'obtenir des bandes de sol nettoyé qui résultent de l'enveloppe du déplacement des anneaux de surface nettoyée par une révolution du bras rotatif situé sous le véhicule. Dans le cas d'un déplacement rectiligne du véhicule on obtient une bande nettoyée de largeur uniforme sur sensiblement toute sa longueur.These characteristics make it possible to obtain strips of cleaned soil which result from the envelope of the movement of the rings of cleaned surface by a revolution of the rotary arm situated under the vehicle. In the case of a rectilinear movement of the vehicle, a cleaned strip of uniform width is obtained over substantially its entire length.

Selon cette disposition, le dispositif convient particulièrement bien au nettoyage des voieries, des pistes d'atterrissage pour avions, et d'autres sols gras.According to this arrangement, the device is particularly suitable for cleaning roads, aircraft landing strips, and other oily soils.

Selon une forme de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte en outre un membre articulé orientable et déployable ayant un bras rotatif de nettoyage disposé à son extrémité libre pour nettoyer murs, plafonds, sols et surfaces d'orientation diverses.According to one embodiment of the invention, the device is characterized in that it further comprises an articulated orientable and deployable member having a rotary cleaning arm disposed at its free end for cleaning walls, ceilings, floors and surfaces of various orientation.

Ce dernier développement permet le nettoyer des locaux industriels, des murs anti-bruits autoroutiers derrière la barrière de protection, ou des tunnels routiers. Si le véhicule automobile est adapté à circuler sur rails, il lui est possible alors de nettoyer des tunnels ferroviaires.This latest development makes it possible to clean industrial premises, highway noise barriers behind the protective barrier, or road tunnels. If the motor vehicle is suitable for running on rails, it is then possible for it to clean railway tunnels.

De façon avantageuse chaque bras rotatif muni d'au moins une de ses buses est agencé pour débiter, en fonctionnement une quantité d'eau chaude sous pression d'énergie cinétique élevée comprise entre environ 0,5 et 3 m³/heure. Il est alors prévu un joint tournant haute pression pour la rotation dudit bras rotatif tout en assurant son alimentation en eau chaude.Advantageously, each rotary arm provided with at least one of its nozzles is designed to deliver, during operation, a quantity of hot water under high kinetic energy pressure of between approximately 0.5 and 3 m³ / hour. A high pressure rotary joint is then provided for the rotation of said rotary arm while ensuring its supply of hot water.

Les autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés où

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'une première forme de réalisation d'un dispositif de lavage des sols équipant un véhicule automobile, selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du véhicule de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'une forme de réalisation particulière du bras rotatif de nettoyage du dispositif de lavage selon l'invention;
  • la figure 4 est un agrandissement en perspective d'une des buses du bras rotatif de nettoyage de la figure 3;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un élément de surface à nettoyer survolé successivement par les buses du bras rotatif des figures 4 et 5;
  • la figure 6 est une coupe de la figure 5 selon VI-VI avec indications des angles d'attaque des jets;
  • la figure 7 est une vue partiellement en coupe du joint tournant haute pression qui permet la rotation d'un bras rotatif;
  • la figure 8 est un schéma général de fonctionnement et de commande pour la première forme de réalisation d'un dispositif de lavage selon l'invention.
  • la figure 9 est une vue de côté d'une deuxième forme de réalisation d'un dispositif de lavage où, en outre, un bras rotatif de nettoyage est disposé à l'extrémité d'un bras articulé porté par un véhicule;
  • la figure 10 est une vue de dessus du véhicule équipé selon la figure 9;
  • la figure 11 est une vue de face du véhicule équipé selon les figures 9 et 10;
  • la figure 12 est une vue en détail du bras articulé porté par le véhicule selon les figures 9, 10 et 11.
The other characteristics and advantages of the invention will also emerge from the description which follows, by way of example, with reference to the appended schematic drawings where
  • Figure 1 is an elevational view of a first embodiment of a floor washing device fitted to a motor vehicle according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the vehicle of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of the rotary cleaning arm of the washing device according to the invention;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective enlargement of one of the nozzles of the rotary cleaning arm of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a surface element to be cleaned successively overflown by the nozzles of the rotary arm of Figures 4 and 5;
  • Figure 6 is a section of Figure 5 along VI-VI with indications of the angles of attack of the jets;
  • Figure 7 is a partially sectional view of the high pressure rotary joint which allows rotation of a rotary arm;
  • FIG. 8 is a general operating and control diagram for the first embodiment of a washing device according to the invention.
  • Figure 9 is a side view of a second embodiment of a washing device where, in addition, a rotary cleaning arm is disposed at the end of an articulated arm carried by a vehicle;
  • Figure 10 is a top view of the vehicle equipped according to Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a front view of the vehicle equipped according to Figures 9 and 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a detailed view of the articulated arm carried by the vehicle according to FIGS. 9, 10 and 11.

Suivant la première forme de réalisation choisie et représentée aux figures 1 et 2, un dispositif de lavage équipe un véhicule à trois roues dont la motorisation est connue en soi.According to the first embodiment chosen and shown in Figures 1 and 2, a washing device equips a three-wheeled vehicle whose motorization is known per se.

A l'arrière de la cabine de pilotage, le châssis globalement sous forme d'un plan horizontal porte deux réservoirs 1, 2 d'eau froide qui alimentent deux chaudières verticales 3, 4 à l'aide d'une pompe haute pression 5 qui crée une forte pression dans l'ensemble des canalisations. Les chaudières 3, 4 alimentent à leur tour par des canalisations et un joint tournant, un arbre rotatif 6 d'un bras de nettoyage 7 sensiblement horizontal et d'axe de rotation 6A sensiblement vertical muni à ses extrémités de deux buses 8, 9 dont les orifices sont dirigés vers le sol. Le bras de nettoyage 7 est situé sous le véhicule entre les roues et sa rotation est protégée par un carter de protection 10. Ce carter de protection 10 est muni de roulettes de guidage 11 (dont une seule est représentée) et est relié par des éléments de fixation à la partie extérieure du joint tournant qui sera décrit ci-après. Pour des raisons de commodité de conduite du véhicule il est préférable que les dimensions du carter situé entre les roues du véhicule, ne dépasse pas la largeur du véhicule. Dans le cas d'un carter de forme cylindrique de révolution son diamètre sera donc égal ou inférieur à la largeur du véhicule.At the rear of the cockpit, the chassis, generally in the form of a horizontal plane, carries two cold water tanks 1, 2 which supply two vertical boilers 3, 4 using a high pressure pump 5 which creates a strong pressure in all the pipes. The boilers 3, 4 in turn supply by pipes and a rotary joint, a rotary shaft 6 of a cleaning arm 7 substantially horizontal and axis of rotation 6A substantially vertical provided at its ends with two nozzles 8, 9 whose orifices are directed towards the ground. The cleaning arm 7 is located under the vehicle between the wheels and its rotation is protected by a protective casing 10. This protective casing 10 is provided with guide rollers 11 (only one of which is shown) and is connected by elements for fixing to the external part of the rotary joint which will be described below. For reasons of convenience of driving the vehicle, it is preferable that the dimensions of the casing situated between the wheels of the vehicle do not exceed the width of the vehicle. In the case of a cylinder-shaped casing of revolution, its diameter will therefore be equal to or less than the width of the vehicle.

Plus en détail, le réservoir 1 dit réservoir avant, car à proximité de la cabine de pilotage, à la forme globalement d'un parallélépipède droit dont les dimensions n'excèdent pas la hauteur de la cabine et la largeur du véhicule.In more detail, the reservoir 1 known as the front reservoir, because close to the cockpit, has the overall shape of a straight parallelepiped whose dimensions do not exceed the height of the cabin and the width of the vehicle.

Ce réservoir 1, doté d'un orifice de remplissage 1A en eau froide présente un renfoncement 11 concave, sur sa face postérieure pour laisser l'espace nécessaire à un vérin de relevage 12 de l'arbre rotatif 6 portant le bras rotatif 7 et du carter 10. Le vérin de relevage constitue des moyens de réglage de la hauteur du bras rotatif par rapport au sol à nettoyer entre une position de nettoyage A et une position d'attente B. Le réservoir 2 dit réservoir arrière car situé à proximité du bord arrière du véhicule à la même forme globalement parallélépipédique que le réservoir 1 et possède également un orifice de remplissage 2A.This reservoir 1, provided with a filling orifice 1A in cold water, has a concave recess 11 on its rear face to leave the space necessary for a lifting cylinder 12 of the rotary shaft 6 carrying the rotary arm 7 and the casing 10. The lifting cylinder constitutes means for adjusting the height of the rotary arm with respect to the ground to be cleaned between a cleaning position A and a standby position B. The tank 2 is called rear tank because it is located near the edge rear of the vehicle has the same generally parallelepiped shape as the tank 1 and also has a filling orifice 2A.

Ce réservoir arrière 2 monté sur un faux châssis basculant peut être basculé autour d'une charnière 13A pour donner un accès au moteur du véhicule. Entre les réservoirs 1 et 2 des moyens de chauffage sont constitués par les deux chaudières verticales 3 et 4, à brûleurs 14, 15 à fuel. Il est également prévu un enrouleur automatique 16 d'un flexible qui se termine par un pistolet 17 muni d'une lance 18 qui peut projeter l'eau chaude sous forte pression. Cette lance est utilisée manuellement pour nettoyer des surfaces dont l'accès est incommode. Le châssis du véhicule porte également la pompe volumétrique haute pression 5, deux ensembles moteur hydraulique/alternateur 13 dont un seul est représenté, pour assurer les besoins électriques des deux brûleurs, et une pompe volumétrique 19 basse pression pour alimenter en eau froide une rampe de rinçage 20 située en contrebas de la face avant de la cabine de pilotage.This rear tank 2 mounted on a tilting subframe can be tilted around a hinge 13A to give access to the vehicle engine. Between the tanks 1 and 2 heating means are constituted by the two vertical boilers 3 and 4, with oil burners 14, 15. There is also an automatic reel 16 of a hose which ends in a gun 17 fitted with a lance 18 which can spray hot water under high pressure. This lance is used manually to clean surfaces to which access is inconvenient. The chassis of the vehicle also carries the high pressure positive displacement pump 5, two hydraulic motor / alternator assemblies 13 of which only one is shown, to meet the electrical needs of the two burners, and a low pressure positive displacement pump 19 for supplying cold water to a ramp of flush 20 located below the front face of the cockpit.

Une première extrémité 21 de cette rampe 20 est reliée à un tuyau flexible d'amenée d'eau froide et est soutenue par une articulation formant rotule. La seconde extrémité 22 bouchée est fixée à un vérin de réglage en hauteur 23 et à un vérin d'angle 24. Cette rampe 20 est munie sur toute sa longueur d'orifices 25 régulièrement espacés et quel que soit son positionnement elle ne dépasse pas du véhicule en largeur.A first end 21 of this ramp 20 is connected to a flexible cold water supply pipe and is supported by a hinge forming a ball joint. The second plugged end 22 is fixed to a height adjustment cylinder 23 and to a corner cylinder 24. This ramp 20 is provided over its entire length with regularly spaced orifices 25 and whatever its position it does not exceed the vehicle width.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation (non représentée) de cette rampe 20, celle-ci au lieu d'être à l'avant du véhicule est située à l'arrière. Cette disposition permet d'effectuer simultanément le lavage par le bras rotatif 7 et, le rinçage par la rampe 20 en un seul passage du véhicule. L'inconvénient de cette position arrière réside dans une moins bonne vision de la rampe par le conducteur du véhicule qui s'aide alors d'un système de rétroviseurs.In another embodiment (not shown) of this ramp 20, this instead of being at the front of the vehicle is located at the rear. This arrangement allows simultaneous washing by the rotary arm 7 and rinsing by the ramp 20 in a single pass of the vehicle. The drawback of this rear position lies in a poorer view of the ramp by the driver of the vehicle, who then uses a system of mirrors.

Les figures 3 et 4 représentent une forme de réalisation préférée du bras rotatif 7 de nettoyage qui est formé d'un tube 7A sensiblement rectiligne et perpendiculaire en son milieu à l'axe 6A de l'arbre rotatif creux 6. Ce tube se raccorde à chacune de ses deux extrémités à une buse 8, 9. Les buses 8 et 9 sont identiques et ont une forme générale triangulaire plate. La buse 8 est constituée par une face avant 26 ayant une forme d'un triangle isocèle et d'une face arrière 27, image de la face avant par rapport à un plan de symétrie parallèle à la face avant, et située au voisinage de celle-ci.Figures 3 and 4 show a preferred embodiment of the rotary cleaning arm 7 which is formed of a tube 7A substantially straight and perpendicular in its middle to the axis 6A of the hollow rotary shaft 6. This tube is connected to each of its two ends has a nozzle 8, 9. The nozzles 8 and 9 are identical and have a generally flat triangular shape. The nozzle 8 is constituted by a front face 26 having the shape of an isosceles triangle and a rear face 27, image of the front face with respect to a plane of symmetry parallel to the front face, and located in the vicinity of that -this.

La distance entre les deux faces 26 et 27 définit la largeur d de l'orifice 28 de la buse. Les faces en vis-à-vis et qui ont globalement la même longueur sont raccordées pour former un côté extérieur 29 et un côté intérieur 30 arrondis de la buse. Sur le côté intérieur près du sommet 31 de la buse vient se raccorder une extrémité du tube 7A de façon à ce que l'axe 7B de ce tube 7A soit dans le plan général moyen de la base et sensiblement parallèle à l'orifice 28.The distance between the two faces 26 and 27 defines the width d of the orifice 28 of the nozzle. The opposite faces and which have the same overall length are connected to form an outer side 29 and an inner side 30 rounded of the nozzle. On the inner side near the top 31 of the nozzle, one end of the tube 7A is connected so that the axis 7B of this tube 7A is in the general mean plane of the base and substantially parallel to the orifice 28.

La buse se caractérise par son angle d'ouverture β égal à l'angle du sommet du triangle isocèle, et par l'angle d'inclinaison γ de son plan général moyen par rapport à l'axe de rotation 6A. Dans la forme de réalisation représentée les deux buses 8 et 9 ont un plan général moyen dont l'angle d'inclinaison est d'environ 10°. L'angle d'ouverture est égal à 40°. D'une manière générale γ peut varier entre 0 et 30° et β être choisi entre environ 15 et 40°. Un angle β de faible ouverture augmentera la puissance du jet par rapport à une grande ouverture. Par contre une grande ouverture contribuera à attaquer toutes les facettes des petits reliefs de la surface à nettoyer lors de la progression du véhicule. Si l'utilisation principale d'un tel dispositif de lavage est connu, l'angle β sera faible pour les surfaces très lisses et très sales mais plutôt grand pour les surfaces ayant beaucoup de petits reliefs.The nozzle is characterized by its opening angle β equal to the angle of the apex of the isosceles triangle, and by the angle of inclination γ of its mean general plane relative to the axis of rotation 6A. In the embodiment shown the two nozzles 8 and 9 have a general mean plane whose angle of inclination is approximately 10 °. The opening angle is 40 °. Generally γ can vary between 0 and 30 ° and β can be chosen between around 15 and 40 °. A small aperture angle β will increase the power of the jet compared to a large aperture. On the other hand, a large opening will contribute to attacking all the facets of the small reliefs of the surface to be cleaned during the progression of the vehicle. If the main use of such a washing device is known, the angle β will be small for very smooth and very dirty surfaces, but rather large for surfaces with many small reliefs.

Dans cette forme de réalisation, en fonctionnement les jets d'eau sous forte pression sont sous la forme de deux lames plates allant en s'élargissant selon l'angle β et dans le plan général moyen. Les deux jets d'eau sont symétriques par rapport à un plan Y passant par l'axe de rotation 6A et perpendiculaire à l'axe 7B du tube 7A.In this embodiment, in operation the water jets under high pressure are in the form of two flat blades widening at the angle β and in the general mean plane. The two water jets are symmetrical with respect to a plane Y passing through the axis of rotation 6A and perpendicular to the axis 7B of the tube 7A.

Cette dernière symétrie détermine un équilibre de force de réaction s'exerçant sur les extrémités du bras rotatif 7 par le départ de l'eau à grande vitesse de chaque buse 8, 9.This latter symmetry determines a balance of reaction force exerted on the ends of the rotary arm 7 by the departure of the water at high speed from each nozzle 8, 9.

Cette symétrie par rapport au plan Y des forces de réaction a pour conséquence que le couple de rotation selon l'axe 6A créé par les jets d'eau est nul et que la rotation du bras rotatif doit être entraînée par un moteur. Cette forme de réalisation est avantageuse car toute l'énergie des jets s'applique à la surface à nettoyer sans qu'une fraction de cette énergie sont consommée pour assurer la rotation du bras rotatif. Si la rotation du bras rotatif 7 est rapide par rapport à l'avancement du véhicule un même élément 32 de surface de petite taille sera survolé successivement par la buse 8 puis par la buse 9.This symmetry with respect to the plane Y of the reaction forces has the consequence that the rotation torque along the axis 6A created by the water jets is zero and that the rotation of the rotary arm must be driven by a motor. This embodiment is advantageous because all the energy of the jets is applied to the surface to be cleaned without a fraction of this energy being consumed to ensure the rotation of the rotary arm. If the rotation of the rotary arm 7 is rapid relative to the advancement of the vehicle, the same element 32 of small surface area will be successively overflown by the nozzle 8 then by the nozzle 9.

Tel que représenté aux figures 5 et 6 dans le cas où l'élément 32 de surface a un plan général Z sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation 6A, cet élément 32 subira le jet de la buse selon un angle d'attaque aigu égal à 90° - γ puis le jet de la buse 9 selon un angle d'attaque obtus égal à 90° + γ, la différence d'inclinaison des deux jets successifs étant de 2γ. De plus si cet élément possède des facettes opposées perpendiculaires A et B au plan général Z et qui, pour la clarté de l'exposé, ont chacune leur plan passant par l'axe de rotation 6A, les jets successifs pourront alors attaquer chaque facette A et B.As shown in Figures 5 and 6 in the case where the surface element 32 has a general plane Z substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 6A, this element 32 will undergo the jet of the nozzle at an equal acute angle of attack at 90 ° - γ then the jet from nozzle 9 at an obtuse angle of attack equal to 90 ° + γ, the difference in inclination of the two successive jets being 2γ. In addition if this element has opposite facets perpendicular A and B to the general plane Z and which, for the sake of clarity, each have their plane passing through the axis of rotation 6A, the successive jets can then attack each facet A and B.

Le premier jet issu de la buse 8 attaquera la facette A selon l'angle d'attaque γ sans pouvoir attaquer la facette B, mais le second jet issu de la buse 9 attaquera la facette B selon l'angle d'attaque γ sans avoir pu auparavant attaquer la facette A. De même les deux autres facettes opposées C et D perpendiculaires au plan général Z et parallèles à la direction de déplacement du véhicule seront attaqués par les jets par l'action conjuguée de l'ouverture de chaque buse, de l'angle γ et de la progression du véhicule avec la rotation de l'arbre rotatif 7.The first jet from nozzle 8 will attack facet A at the angle of attack γ without being able to attack facet B, but the second jet from nozzle 9 will attack facet B at the angle of attack γ without having previously attacked facet A. Similarly, the two other opposite facets C and D perpendicular to the general plane Z and parallel to the direction of movement of the vehicle will be attacked by the jets by the combined action of the opening of each nozzle, the angle γ and of the progression of the vehicle with the rotation of the rotary shaft 7.

Ainsi cette disposition particulière des deux buses facilite le nettoyage des petits reliefs de la surface tels que pavés ou caillebotis.Thus this particular arrangement of the two nozzles facilitates the cleaning of small reliefs on the surface such as pavers or gratings.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation, non représentée, les deux buses d'un même bras rotatif ont des angles d'inclinaison γ de même grandeur mais de sens opposé. Les deux jets ont alors un même angle d'attaque, soit obtus, soit aigu, de la surface à nettoyer et un couple de rotation s'applique par effet de réaction sur le bras rotatif qui n'a pas besoin d'un moteur pour être entraîné en rotation.In another embodiment, not shown, the two nozzles of the same rotary arm have tilt angles γ of the same magnitude but in opposite directions. The two jets then have the same angle of attack, either obtuse or acute, of the surface to be cleaned and a torque is applied by reaction effect on the rotary arm which has no no motor required to be rotated.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation, non représentée le bras rotatif comporte des moyens de réglage de l'angle d'inclinaison γ de chaque buse. L'angle γ peut être réglé entre 0 et 30°. Chaque buse forme alors une pièce d'un seul tenant avec un court segment de tube cylindrique qui est raccordé à l'extrémité du tube 7A du bras rotatif par l'intermédiaire de tout moyen de raccordement connu en soi tel que par exemple assemblage bride à bride avec joint d'étanchéité.In another embodiment, not shown, the rotary arm comprises means for adjusting the angle of inclination γ of each nozzle. The angle γ can be adjusted between 0 and 30 °. Each nozzle then forms a single piece with a short segment of cylindrical tube which is connected to the end of the tube 7A of the rotary arm by means of any known connection means such as for example flange assembly flange with gasket.

La figure 7 représente un joint tournant 32A haute pression qui permet la rotation du bras rotatif tout en assurant son alimentation en eau chaude.FIG. 7 represents a high pressure rotary joint 32A which allows the rotation of the rotary arm while ensuring its supply of hot water.

Ce joint 32A se compose essentiellement de deux parties: un arbre 33 pouvant entrer en rotation, par l'action d'un moteur 70, à l'intérieur d'une bague cylindrique 34. L'arbre 33 est pourvu d'un alésage radial 35 qui communique avec un alésage axial 36A destiné à être raccordé à l'arbre rotatif 6 du bras rotatif 7. L'alésage radial 35 de l'arbre communique quelque soit sa position angulaire avec une chambre 36 ayant la forme d'un anneau évidée dans la bague cylindrique 34. Un alésage radial traverse la bague cylindrique et débouche dans la chambre 36. L'étanchéité est assurée par des joints d'étanchéité annulaires 38, 39 situés entre l'arbre 33 et la bague cylindrique 34, de part et d'autre de la chambre 36 et axialement espacés. Deux roulements 40, 41 assurent le guidage en rotation de l'arbre.This seal 32A essentially consists of two parts: a shaft 33 which can enter into rotation, by the action of a motor 70, inside a cylindrical ring 34. The shaft 33 is provided with a radial bore 35 which communicates with an axial bore 36A intended to be connected to the rotary shaft 6 of the rotary arm 7. The radial bore 35 of the shaft communicates whatever its angular position with a chamber 36 having the shape of a hollow ring in the cylindrical ring 34. A radial bore passes through the cylindrical ring and opens into the chamber 36. The seal is ensured by annular seals 38, 39 located between the shaft 33 and the cylindrical ring 34, on the side and other of the chamber 36 and axially spaced. Two bearings 40, 41 guide the shaft in rotation.

En fonctionnement l'eau chaude sous pression arrivant selon la flèche A remplit la chambre 36, puis l'alésage radial 35 de l'arbre pour ressortir du joint tournant selon la flèche D. Ce joint tournant 32 permet la circulation d'une eau à une température maximale de 140°C, sous une pression maximale de 350 bars et une vitesse de rotation maximale de 500 tours/min.In operation, the pressurized hot water arriving along arrow A fills the chamber 36, then the radial bore 35 of the shaft to come out of the rotary joint according to arrow D. This rotary joint 32 allows the circulation of water to a maximum temperature of 140 ° C, under a maximum pressure of 350 bars and a maximum rotation speed of 500 revolutions / min.

La figure 8 représente un schéma de fonctionnement et de commande pour la première forme de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention. Sur ce schéma ne figure pas le circuit électrique d'alimentation et de commande dont l'électricité provient d'une génératrice située dans le bloc moteur du véhicule. Ainsi sont représentés essentiellement les circuits hydrauliques du dispositif selon l'invention.FIG. 8 represents a diagram of operation and control for the first embodiment of the device according to the invention. This diagram does not show the electrical supply and control circuit whose electricity comes from a generator located in the engine block of the vehicle. Thus are essentially represented the hydraulic circuits of the device according to the invention.

Ces circuits comportent deux circuits de circulation d'eau sous pression et deux circuits d'huile hydraulique sous pression.These circuits include two pressurized water circulation circuits and two pressurized hydraulic oil circuits.

Le premier circuit de circulation d'eau prélève de l'eau dans les réservoirs (dont le seul 1 est représenté) par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre 42. Le réservoir 1 est muni d'un détecteur 43 de niveau bas relié au circuit électrique, d'un filtre à cartouche 44 à l'orifice 1A d'entrée et d'une vanne de vidange 45. L'eau prélevée est mise sous haute pression par une pompe volumétrique haute pression 5. Cette pompe peut assurer un débit de 3000 l/heure sous une pression maximale de 250 bars. Elle est entraînée par un moteur hydraulique 47.The first water circulation circuit draws water from the reservoirs (only 1 of which is represented) by means of a filter 42. The reservoir 1 is provided with a low level detector 43 connected to the circuit electric, a cartridge filter 44 at the inlet 1A and a drain valve 45. The withdrawn water is put under high pressure by a high pressure positive displacement pump 5. This pump can ensure a flow of 3000 l / hour under a maximum pressure of 250 bars. It is driven by a hydraulic motor 47.

La pompe 5 envoie l'eau dans le serpentin 48 d'une chaudière à fuel 3. (La deuxième chaudière 4 n'a pas été représentée). Cette chaudière est équipée d'un brûleur à fuel 14, d'un contrôleur de débit (non représenté) et d'un thermostat de réglage de température de l'eau de sortie (non représentée). Le thermostat est réglé de préférence entre 50 et 95°C. Entre la pompe haute pression 5 et le serpentin 48 il est prévu un limiteur de pression 49 qui en fonctionnement peut renvoyer l'eau dans la cuve 1.The pump 5 sends the water into the coil 48 of an oil-fired boiler 3. (The second boiler 4 has not been shown). This boiler is equipped with an oil burner 14, a flow controller (not shown) and a thermostat for adjusting the temperature of the outlet water (not shown). The thermostat is preferably set between 50 and 95 ° C. Between the high pressure pump 5 and the coil 48 there is provided a pressure limiter 49 which in operation can return the water to the tank 1.

L'eau chaude issue du serpentin peut être distribuée à l'aide de deux vannes 50, 51, soit à l'enrouleur 16 muni d'un flexible au bout duquel est fixé le pistolet 17 muni de sa lance 18, soit vers le bras rotatif 7. La vanne 51 fermée et la vanne 50 ouverte l'eau va rejoindre le joint tournant 32A par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau flexible 52. Les buses 8 et 9 ont une orifice 28 dimensionné de sorte que l'eau soit sous une pression d'environ 100 à 250 bars avec un débit total compris entre environ 0,5 et 3 m³/h.The hot water from the coil can be distributed using two valves 50, 51, either to the reel 16 provided with a hose at the end of which is fixed the gun 17 provided with its lance 18, or to the arm rotary 7. The valve 51 closed and the valve 50 open the water will join the rotary joint 32A by means of a flexible pipe 52. The nozzles 8 and 9 have an orifice 28 dimensioned so that the water is under a pressure of approximately 100 to 250 bars with a total flow of between approximately 0.5 and 3 m³ / h.

Un autre circuit d'eau alimente la rampe de rinçage.Another water circuit supplies the rinsing ramp.

L'eau est prélevée du réservoir 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre 52, puis mise sous basse pression à l'aide d'une pompe centrifuge basse pression 53. Cette pompe peut assurer un débit d'eau de 4.500 l/h sous une pression maximale de 7 bars. Elle est entraînée par un moteur hydraulique 54. La pompe 53 envoie l'eau froide dans la canalisation 55 au travers d'une électrovanne 56. Entre la pompe 53 et l'électrovanne 56 se trouve un limiteur de pression 57 qui en fonctionnement peut renvoyer l'eau dans le réservoir 1.Water is taken from tank 1 via a filter 52, then placed under low pressure using a low pressure centrifugal pump 53. This pump can ensure a water flow of 4,500 l / h under a maximum pressure of 7 bars. It is driven by a hydraulic motor 54. The pump 53 sends cold water into the pipeline 55 through a solenoid valve 56. Between the pump 53 and the solenoid valve 56 is a pressure relief valve 57 which in operation can return water in tank 1.

De la canalisation 55 l'eau passe par un tuyau flexible 58 pour atteindre la rampe 20.From the pipe 55 the water passes through a flexible pipe 58 to reach the ramp 20.

Le premier circuit hydraulique d'huile sous pression qui alimente les deux moteurs hydrauliques 47 et 54 décrits ci-dessus comporte un moteur 59 qui entraîne une pompe volumétrique 60. Ce moteur 59 peut être remplacé par une prise de force du moteur du véhicule.The first hydraulic oil pressure circuit which supplies the two hydraulic motors 47 and 54 described above comprises a motor 59 which drives a positive displacement pump 60. This motor 59 can be replaced by a power take-off of the vehicle engine.

En dérivation un limiteur de pression 61A assure la sécurité du système. La pompe volumétrique 60 alimente le moteur hydraulique 47 par l'intermédiaire d'un électrodistributeur (4/2) 61. Entre cette pompe 60 et ce distributeur 61 une dérivation peut conduire l'huile hydraulique vers le moteur hydraulique 54 par l'intermédiaire d'un électrodistributeur (4/2) 62.Bypass a pressure limiter 61A ensures the safety of the system. The positive displacement pump 60 feeds the hydraulic motor 47 via a solenoid valve (4/2) 61. Between this pump 60 and this distributor 61 a bypass can conduct the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 54 via '' a solenoid valve (4/2) 62.

Un deuxième circuit hydraulique commande le positionnement du bras rotatif 7, de la rampe de rinçage 20 et le fonctionnement d'un alternateur 13 servant à alimenter en courant électrique le brûleur 14. Un moteur électrique 64 actionne une pompe hydraulique 65 qui alimente tout le deuxième circuit en huile sous pression. Ce moteur 64 peut être remplacé par une prise de force du moteur du véhicule. Cette pompe hydraulique est muni d'un limiteur de pression 66 et alimente par l'intermédiaire d'un électrodistributeur (4/2) 67 et de deux flexibles 68, 69 un moteur hydraulique 70 qui entraîne par l'intermédiaire du joint tournant 32A le bras rotatif 7. En dérivation entre l'électrodistributeur 67 et la pompe 65, le circuit passe par un électrodistributeur (4/3) 71 desservant un vérin à double effet 72, ce vérin 72 peut effectuer un mouvement de translation dans les deux sens de l'ensemble constitué par le moteur 70 relié au joint tournant 32A lui-même relié au bras rotatif 7. Dans le cas du bras tournant situé sous le véhicule c'est ce vérin 72 qui actionne la montée et la descente du bras rotatif 7 et également de son carter de protection (non représenté à la figure 8). La même pompe 65 alimente par l'intermédiaire de deux électrodistributeurs (4/3) 73 et 74 situés en dérivation l'un par rapport à l'autre, le vérin 23 à double effet, de réglage en hauteur de la rampe 20, et le vérin 24 à double effet, d'angle de la rampe 20. Entre la pompe 65 et l'électrodistributeur 73, un circuit en dérivation qui passe par un électrodistributeur (4/2) 75, alimente un moteur hydraulique 76 apte à entraîner un alternateur 13 alimentant le brûleur 14 de la chaudière 3.A second hydraulic circuit controls the positioning of the rotary arm 7, the flushing ramp 20 and the operation of an alternator 13 serving to supply electric power to the burner 14. An electric motor 64 actuates a hydraulic pump 65 which supplies all of the second pressurized oil circuit. This engine 64 can be replaced by a PTO of the vehicle engine. This hydraulic pump is fitted with a pressure limiter 66 and supplies, via a solenoid valve (4/2) 67 and two hoses 68, 69, a hydraulic motor 70 which drives, via the rotary joint 32A, the rotary arm 7. Bypass between the solenoid valve 67 and the pump 65, the circuit passes through a solenoid valve (4/3) 71 serving a double-acting cylinder 72, this cylinder 72 can carry out a translational movement in both directions of the assembly constituted by the motor 70 connected to the rotary joint 32A itself connected to the rotary arm 7. In the case of the arm turning located under the vehicle it is this jack 72 which actuates the raising and lowering of the rotary arm 7 and also of its protective casing (not shown in FIG. 8). The same pump 65 feeds via two solenoid valves (4/3) 73 and 74 located in bypass one with respect to the other, the double-acting jack 23, for adjusting the height of the ramp 20, and the double-acting cylinder 24, of angle of the ramp 20. Between the pump 65 and the solenoid valve 73, a bypass circuit which passes through a solenoid valve (4/2) 75, supplies a hydraulic motor 76 capable of driving a alternator 13 supplying the burner 14 of the boiler 3.

La cabine de pilotage est munie d'un coffret de commande et de régulation non représenté qui comporte:

  • ― un indicateur de niveau d'eau relié au détecteur 43 de niveau bas;
  • ― un commutateur marche/arrêt de la pompe haute pression 5;
  • ― un commutateur marche/arrêt de la pompe basse pression 53;
  • ― un commutateur marche/arrêt de l'alternateur 13;
  • ― un commutateur marche/arrêt des chaudières 3 et 4;
  • ― un commutateur montée/descente du bras rotatif 7 et de son carter 10;
  • ― un commutateur marche/arrêt de la rotation du bras de lavage 7;
  • ― un commutateur montée/descente de la rampe de rinçage 20;
  • ― un commutateur orientation angulaire droite/gauche de la rampe de lavage 20;
  • ― un commutateur girophare.
The cockpit is provided with a control and regulation unit, not shown, which includes:
  • - a water level indicator connected to the low level detector 43;
  • - an on / off switch for the high pressure pump 5;
  • - an on / off switch of the low pressure pump 53;
  • - an on / off switch for the alternator 13;
  • - an on / off switch for boilers 3 and 4;
  • - an up / down switch of the rotary arm 7 and its casing 10;
  • - an on / off switch for rotating the washing arm 7;
  • - an up / down switch for the flushing ramp 20;
  • - A right / left angular orientation switch of the washing ramp 20;
  • - a beacon switch.

Le fonctionnement de cette première forme de réalisation d'un dispositif de lavage selon l'invention est le suivant. Le véhicule dont les réservoirs 1 et 2 ont été remplies d'eau, arrive sur les lieux de lavage, carter et bras rotatif relevés en position d'attente. Le conducteur abaisse le bras rotatif et commence le nettoyage par bande de la surface à nettoyer à l'eau chaude sous haute pression.The operation of this first embodiment of a washing device according to the invention is the following. The vehicle, the tanks 1 and 2 of which have been filled with water, arrives at the washing places, casing and rotary arm raised in the standby position. The conductor lowers the rotary arm and begins strip cleaning of the surface to be cleaned with hot water under high pressure.

Pour rincer et évacuer les salissures détachées par l'action du bras rotatif, le conducteur fait repasser son véhicule sur la surface en actionnant la rampe de rinçage qui est inclinée soit à droite, soit à gauche pour évacuer les salissures soit à droite, soit à gauche du véhicule.To rinse and evacuate the dirt detached by the action of the rotary arm, the driver makes iron his vehicle on the surface by activating the rinsing ramp which is tilted either to the right or to the left to evacuate the dirt either to the right or to left of the vehicle.

Cette première forme de réalisation de l'invention permet de nettoyer efficacement les sols où le véhicule peut rouler. Afin de nettoyer des surfaces d'orientations diverses situées dans l'espace à proximité du véhicule, telles que surfaces de murs, plafonds, tunnel, et sols, il est prévu dans une deuxième forme de réalisation représentée aux figures 9, 10, 11 et 12 un bras rotatif 107 disposé à une extrémité dite libre d'un bras articulé orientable et déployable 200. L'autre extrémité de ce bras est fixée à une potence pivotante 201, dont la base est solidaire du châssis du véhicule automobile qui se présente sous la forme d'un poids lourd à quatre roues avec à l'avant sur toute sa largeur, une rampe de rinçage orientable 120 analogue à celle décrite dans la première forme de réalisation de l'invention.This first embodiment of the invention makes it possible to effectively clean the floors where the vehicle can run. In order to clean surfaces of various orientations located in the space close to the vehicle, such as surfaces of walls, ceilings, tunnel, and floors, it is provided in a second embodiment shown in Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 a rotary arm 107 disposed at a so-called free end of a swiveling and deployable articulated arm 200. The other end of this arm is fixed to a pivoting bracket 201, the base of which is integral with the chassis of the motor vehicle which is under the shape of a heavy goods vehicle with four wheels with at its front over its entire width, an adjustable flushing ramp 120 similar to that described in the first embodiment of the invention.

Plus en détail la potence 201 comporte un poteau sensiblement vertical 202 sous la forme d'un cylindre de révolution pouvant pivoter dans les deux sens d'un angle au total d'environ 90° autour de son axe de révolution. A l'extrémité supérieure 203 de ce poteau est fixée un premier segment 204 formant console pour constituer avec le poteau la potence pivotante. Ce premier segment 204 est rectiligne, creux et forme un angle obtus avec l'axe de révolution du poteau 202 qui est situé de préférence à égale distance des bords latéraux du véhicule. Le segment de bras 204 passe au-dessus du toit de la cabine de pilotage comportant une balise lumineuse et son extrémité 205 dirigée vers l'avant dépasse légèrement le bord avant de la cabine de pilotage en la surplombant. Cette extrémité 205 est articulée autour d'un axe 206 sensiblement horizontal à un deuxième segment creux 207 du bras articulé grâce à deux vérins rotatifs coaxiaux 208, 209, montés tête bêche, dont la rotation commandée est identique et synchronisée et d'environ au total de 225°. Il est prévu deux vérins pour créer ensemble un couple suffisant capable de soutenir et déplacer le reste du bras se terminant par l'ensemble tête de lavage. Ces vérins 208, 209 peuvent être par exemple des vérins Type SM 2.200 FLO-TORK de la Société Doedijns.In more detail, the bracket 201 comprises a substantially vertical pole 202 in the form of a cylinder of revolution capable of pivoting in both directions by an angle in total of approximately 90 ° around its axis of revolution. At the upper end 203 of this post is fixed a first segment 204 forming a console to constitute the pivoting bracket with the post. This first segment 204 is rectilinear, hollow and forms an obtuse angle with the axis of revolution of the post 202 which is preferably located equidistant from the lateral edges of the vehicle. The arm segment 204 passes over the roof of the cockpit comprising a light beacon and its forward-facing end 205 slightly exceeds the front edge of the cockpit in overlooking it. This end 205 is articulated around an axis 206 substantially horizontal to a second hollow segment 207 of the articulated arm by virtue of two coaxial rotary actuators 208, 209, mounted head to tail, the controlled rotation of which is identical and synchronized and approximately in total 225 °. Two cylinders are provided to create together sufficient torque capable of supporting and moving the rest of the arm ending in the washing head assembly. These cylinders 208, 209 may for example be cylinders Type SM 2.200 FLO-TORK from the company Doedijns.

Le deuxième segment creux 207 est articulé à un troisième segment creux 210 à l'aide d'un vérin rotatif 211 de façon à ce que les deux segments creux 207, 210 soient sensiblement coaxiaux avec l'axe de rotation du vérin rotatif 211 qui peut pivoter d'un angle de 360°.The second hollow segment 207 is articulated to a third hollow segment 210 using a rotary actuator 211 so that the two hollow segments 207, 210 are substantially coaxial with the axis of rotation of the rotary actuator 211 which can rotate by an angle of 360 °.

Ce vérin 211 comporte un arbre creux solidaire du troisième segment 210 alors que son bâti est solidaire du deuxième segment 207. Ce vérin peut être par exemple un vérin rotatif hydraulique Flo-Tork à arbre creux modèle 75000, 150000, 300000 ou 600000, le diamètre intérieur de l'arbre creux étant alors compris entre environ 7 cm et environ 9,5 cm.This jack 211 has a hollow shaft secured to the third segment 210 while its frame is secured to the second segment 207. This jack can for example be a Flo-Tork hydraulic rotary jack with hollow shaft model 75000, 150000, 300000 or 600000, the diameter inside of the hollow shaft then being between approximately 7 cm and approximately 9.5 cm.

Le rapport des longueurs des segments 207 et 210 peut être quelconque, mais de préférence la longueur du segment 207 est plus longue que celle du segment 210.The length ratios of segments 207 and 210 can be any, but preferably the length of segment 207 is longer than that of segment 210.

Il est important que le vérin 211 ait un arbre creux car cela permet le passage des conduits d'alimentations en fluide hydraulique et en eau ainsi que le passage de câbles électriques de contrôle de position du carter 110 comme cela sera décrit ci-après.It is important that the cylinder 211 has a hollow shaft because this allows the passage of the hydraulic fluid and water supply conduits as well as the passage of electrical cables for controlling the position of the housing 110 as will be described below.

Le troisième segment 210 est articulé à un ensemble tête de lavage 212 par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin rotatif 213 dont l'axe de rotation 214 est orthogonal à l'axe de rotation 211A du vérin rotatif précédent 211.The third segment 210 is articulated to a washing head assembly 212 by means of a rotary actuator 213 whose axis of rotation 214 is orthogonal to the axis of rotation 211A of the preceding rotary actuator 211.

Le vérin rotatif 213 peut être par exemple un vérin ECKART (Société Doedijns) de la série ND d'une taille allant de 63 à 200 (taille du piston en mm).The rotary actuator 213 can for example be an ECKART actuator (Doedijns company) of the ND series with a size ranging from 63 to 200 (piston size in mm).

Le vérin rotatif 213 est apte à tourner de 360° mais l'encombrement de l'ensemble tête de lavage à pour conséquence qu'en réalité l'angle de pivotement possible de la tête de lavage 212 par rapport au troisième segment 210 est un peu inférieur à 360° soit environ 300°. Ces deux rotations successives possibles des vérins articulé 211, 213 permettent de donner au carter 110 et au bras de lavage quasiment toutes les orientations possibles dans l'espace avec seulement un très faible angle mort qui peut être compensé par une angulation au niveau de l'axe 206 entre le premier segment 204 et le deuxième segment 207 à l'aide des vérins 208, 209.The rotary actuator 213 is able to rotate 360 ° but the size of the washing head assembly means that in reality the possible pivoting angle of the washing head 212 relative to the third segment 210 is a little less than 360 ° or about 300 °. These two possible successive rotations of the articulated cylinders 211, 213 make it possible to give the housing 110 and the washing arm almost all possible orientations in space with only a very small dead angle which can be compensated by an angulation at the level of the axis 206 between the first segment 204 and the second segment 207 using the cylinders 208, 209.

L'ensemble tête de lavage 212 comprend dans une enveloppe de protection 215 un moteur hydraulique 170 entraînant par un joint tournant 132 le bras de nettoyage 107 muni de buses 108, 109. Ce bras de nettoyage tourne dans un carter de protection 110.The washing head assembly 212 comprises, in a protective casing 215, a hydraulic motor 170 driving the cleaning arm 107 provided with nozzles 108, 109 by a rotating joint 132. This cleaning arm rotates in a protective casing 110.

Ce carter 110, ayant la forme d'un cylindre de révolution de faible hauteur, est ouvert à une de ses extrémités pour laisser passer les jets issus des buses 108 et 109.This casing 110, having the shape of a cylinder of revolution of low height, is open at one of its ends to allow the jets coming from the nozzles 108 and 109 to pass.

L'extrémité opposée du carter 110 est pourvue de larges orifices 206, pour que celui-ci ne se transforme pas en un réceptable d'eau et de salissures lors du nettoyage en particulier des plafonds.The opposite end of the casing 110 is provided with large orifices 206, so that the latter does not transform into a receptacle for water and dirt when the ceilings are cleaned in particular.

Le carter 110 rendu solidaire de l'enveloppe de protection 215 à l'aide de contreforts en tôle 216, comporte sur sa périphérie plusieurs éléments détecteurs 217 comportant des microcommutateurs reliés électriquement à un système de contrôle électronique des mouvements du bras articulé 200. En cas de contact d'un élément détecteur avec la surface à nettoyer tout mouvement du bras articulé est stoppé par arrêt de l'alimentation des vérins en fluide. De même si le véhicule est en mouvement sa progression est immédiatement freinée.The casing 110 made integral with the protective casing 215 by means of sheet metal buttresses 216, has on its periphery several detector elements 217 comprising microswitches electrically connected to an electronic system for controlling the movements of the articulated arm 200. In the event contact of a sensor element with the surface to be cleaned any movement of the articulated arm is stopped by stopping the supply of cylinders with fluid. Similarly, if the vehicle is in motion, its progress is immediately braked.

Les vérins rotatifs 208, 209, 211, 213, sont raccordés à des pompes hydrauliques non représentées à l'aide de flexibles situés à l'extérieur du bras articulé 200.The rotary cylinders 208, 209, 211, 213 are connected to hydraulic pumps not shown using hoses located outside of the articulated arm 200.

Partiellement à l'intérieur du bras articulé 200 s'étendent des flexibles de raccordement (220, 221) du moteur hydraulique 170 à une pompe volumétrique non représentée et un flexible 222 d'alimentation en eau chaude sous pression du bras rotatif de nettoyage 107.Partly inside the articulated arm 200 extend connection hoses (220, 221) of the hydraulic motor 170 to a positive displacement pump not shown and a hose 222 for supplying hot water under pressure to the rotary cleaning arm 107.

Ces flexibles 220, 221, 222, passent à l'intérieur du premier segment 204 puis sortent pour enjamber l'axe des vérins rotatifs 208, 209 pour repasser à l'intérieur du second segment 207, puis de l'arbre creux du vérin rotatif 211 pour rejoindre l'intérieur du troisième segment 210 et de là après avoir enjambés le vérin rotatif 213 se raccorder respectivement au moteur hydraulique 170 et au joint tournant 132. Les câbles électriques (non représentés), reliés aux éléments détecteurs 217 suivent le même chemin que les flexibles 220, 221, 222 à l'intérieur du bras articulé.These hoses 220, 221, 222 pass inside the first segment 204 and then come out to span the axis of the rotary jacks 208, 209 to pass back inside the second segment 207, then from the hollow shaft of the rotary jack. 211 to join the interior of the third segment 210 and from there after having stepped over the rotary actuator 213 connect respectively to the hydraulic motor 170 and to the rotary joint 132. The electric cables (not shown), connected to the detector elements 217 follow the same path as the hoses 220, 221, 222 inside the articulated arm.

En position de repos tel que représenté à la figure 9, le carter de protection 110 repose au voisinage du toit arrière du véhicule par repliement vers l'arrière du bras articulé 200, par pivotement autour des vérins en tête-bêche 208, 209. Cela procure une hauteur hors tout du véhicule ainsi équipée la plus faible possible.Dans cette forme de réalisation, la longueur déployée du bras articulée, mesurée à partir de l'extrémité 203 du poteau 202 et allant jusqu'au bord du carter qui est en fonctionnement en regard de la surface à nettoyer, est voisine de la longueur hors tout du véhicule.In the rest position as shown in FIG. 9, the protective casing 110 rests in the vicinity of the rear roof of the vehicle by folding back the articulated arm 200, by pivoting around the jacks upside down 208, 209. This provides the lowest overall height of the vehicle thus equipped. In this embodiment, the deployed length of the articulated arm, measured from the end 203 of the post 202 and going to the edge of the casing which is in operation facing the surface to be cleaned, is close to the overall length of the vehicle.

Le fonctionnement de cette deuxième forme de réalisation du dispositif de lavage selon l'invention est le suivant:The operation of this second embodiment of the washing device according to the invention is as follows:

Le véhicule ayant son bras de lavage en position de repos, arrive à proximité des lieux du nettoyage.The vehicle, with its washing arm in the rest position, arrives near the places of cleaning.

Dans un espace dégagé en hauteur le bras articulé est déplié de façon à ce qu'il se projette à l'avant de la cabine de pilotage. Le véhicule à l'arrêt, le carter de protection est amené doucement au voisinage de la surface à nettoyer d'une manière la plus parallèle possible comme cela est représenté aux figures 9, 10 et 11, par la commande des différents vérins du bras articulé 200 et de la potence 201. L'approche de la surface à nettoyer est contrôlée par les éléments détecteurs 217, qui jouent le rôle d'une sécurité du guidage visuel effectué par le pilote du véhicule. Le véhicule immobile, le pilote peut effectuer le nettoyage de zones circulaires de sols, murs, plafonds par des déplacements commandés du membre articulé.In an open space in height the articulated arm is unfolded so that it projects at the front of the cockpit. With the vehicle stationary, the protective casing is brought gently to the vicinity of the surface to be cleaned in as parallel a manner as possible. shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11, by controlling the different cylinders of the articulated arm 200 and the bracket 201. The approach to the surface to be cleaned is controlled by the detector elements 217, which play the role of safety of the visual guidance by the driver of the vehicle. With the vehicle stationary, the driver can clean circular areas of floors, walls, ceilings by controlled movements of the articulated member.

Le déplacement du véhicule permet le lavage par bandes s'étendant dans le sens de la progression du véhicule en marche avant lente (environ 1,5 km/heure).The movement of the vehicle allows washing in strips extending in the direction of progression of the vehicle in slow forward (approximately 1.5 km / hour).

Claims (6)

1. A washing device with a strong cleaning action, mounted on a motor vehicle and comprising at least one cold water tank (1, 2), water heating means which feed with the aid of pumping means and pipes, at least one rotary cleaning arm (7, 107) fitted with at least one nozzle (8, 9, 108, 109), each nozzle being able to direct a jet of hot water under pressure towards a surface to be cleaned, wherein the rotary arm (7) located below the vehicle is substantially horizontal, with a substantially vertical axis of rotation (6A) passing through its centre, with one nozzle (8, 9) at each end, characterised in that the heating means comprises at least one high pressure boiler (3, 4) adapted to deliver superheated water at high temperature and at a pressure of 100 to 250 bars into each nozzle (8, 9, 108,109), that the nozzles (8, 9) are substantially identical, of a basically flat triangular shape widening out towards the floor to be cleaned, with an aperture angle β of about 15 to 40°, and that the mean general plane of each nozzle is inclined at an angle γ to the axis of rotation (6A) of the rotary arm (7) carrying said nozzle, the angle γ being an acute angle of from 0 to 30°.
2. The device of claim 1, characterised in that the two nozzles (8, 9) on one and the same rotary arm (7) are at the same angle of inclination, so that the angles of attack of the jets from the nozzles (8, 9) on the surface to be cleaned are different.
3. The device of claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it comprises means (12, 72) for adjusting the height of the rotary arm relative to the floor to be cleaned, thereby modifying the cleaning power.
4. The device of any of claims 1 to 3, further equipped with a hinged arm (200) which can be directed and swung out to clean walls, ceilings, floors and surfaces extending in various directions, characterised by a rotary cleaning arm (107) disposed at the free end of said hinged arm which can be directed and swung out, and fitted with nozzles (108, 109) as defined in these claims.
5. The device of any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that each rotary arm (7, 107), fitted with at least one of its nozzles (8, 9, 108, 109), discharges a quantity of hot water from about 0.5 to 3 m³/hour at high kinetic energy pressure, when in operation.
6. The device of any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it comprises a high pressure revolving joint (32A) for rotating the rotary arm (7, 107) and supplying it with hot water, that the joint essentially comprises a shaft (33) which may be set in rotation by a motor (70) inside a cylindrical ring (34), that the shaft is provided with a radial bore (35) communicating with an axial bore (36A) designed to be linked up with the rotary shaft (6) of said rotary arm (7), that the radial bore (35) communicates with a chamber (36) in the form of an annulus hollowed out of said cylindrical ring (34), and that the chamber (36) itself is traversed by a radial bore discharging into it, and may be entered by hot water under pressure when in operation.
EP88909555A 1987-10-09 1988-10-10 Washing device mounted on a motor vehicle and comprising a rotary washing arm which delivers jets of pressurized hot water for cleaning various surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP0333849B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88909555T ATE70869T1 (en) 1987-10-09 1988-10-10 VEHICLE MOUNTED WASHER FOR CLEANING VARIOUS SURFACES WITH A ROTATING WASHING ARM FOR SPRAYING JETS OF HOT WATER UNDER PRESSURE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8713956A FR2621626B1 (en) 1987-10-09 1987-10-09 WASHING DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND COMPRISING A ROTARY WASHING ARM WHICH DELIVERS JETS OF PRESSURIZED HOT WATER TO CLEAN VARIOUS SURFACES
FR8713956 1987-10-09

Publications (2)

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EP0333849A1 EP0333849A1 (en) 1989-09-27
EP0333849B1 true EP0333849B1 (en) 1991-12-27

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EP88909555A Expired - Lifetime EP0333849B1 (en) 1987-10-09 1988-10-10 Washing device mounted on a motor vehicle and comprising a rotary washing arm which delivers jets of pressurized hot water for cleaning various surfaces

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US (1) US5004156A (en)
EP (1) EP0333849B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE70869T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1311224C (en)
DE (1) DE3867230D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2621626B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1989003456A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3867230D1 (en) 1992-02-06
US5004156A (en) 1991-04-02
EP0333849A1 (en) 1989-09-27
WO1989003456A1 (en) 1989-04-20
ATE70869T1 (en) 1992-01-15
FR2621626A1 (en) 1989-04-14
FR2621626B1 (en) 1992-02-07
CA1311224C (en) 1992-12-08

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