EP0333576A2 - Dreidimensionales Material zur Erdverstärkung - Google Patents

Dreidimensionales Material zur Erdverstärkung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0333576A2
EP0333576A2 EP89400696A EP89400696A EP0333576A2 EP 0333576 A2 EP0333576 A2 EP 0333576A2 EP 89400696 A EP89400696 A EP 89400696A EP 89400696 A EP89400696 A EP 89400696A EP 0333576 A2 EP0333576 A2 EP 0333576A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bands
strips
twisted
material according
soil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400696A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0333576A3 (en
EP0333576B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Sotton
Robert Bolliand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut Textile de France
Original Assignee
Institut Textile de France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institut Textile de France filed Critical Institut Textile de France
Publication of EP0333576A2 publication Critical patent/EP0333576A2/de
Publication of EP0333576A3 publication Critical patent/EP0333576A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0333576B1 publication Critical patent/EP0333576B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D04H3/045—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles for net manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/013—Regenerated cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to soil reinforcement, in particular for the creation of embankments, using three-dimensional materials. It relates more particularly to a three-dimensional material of simple design and its manufacturing process.
  • These soil reinforcement materials generally consist of continuous sheets laid flat on the soil to be reinforced; these layers are in the form of rolls, which are unwound and cut to the dimensions of the structure. They are then covered by soil.
  • the reinforcement material used can have a three-dimensional structure, in honeycomb, such so that the ground covering the material fills the corresponding cells and the material, anchored in the ground, prevents the sliding of the ground contained in the cells and the one linked to it.
  • the three-dimensional honeycomb material known from patent US-A-4,572,705 consists of flat strips, positioned vertically relative to the ground, fixed to each other by gluing or by staples, and delimiting a set of containers whose height is that of the band. The manufacture of such a material is complex; it requires prior accordion folds of the strip, delicate collages which are sometimes ill-suited to the constraints of use of the material; moreover, the installation of this material also requires great technical skill.
  • the three-dimensional material for soil reinforcement which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks. It is of the type known in that it consists of flat strips delimiting a set of containers, in particular for the ground.
  • the three-dimensional material is capable of being wound up in the form of a coil and it consists of a network of interlaced textile bands and fixed to each other in the common areas of interlacing, said areas being substantially in the same plane corresponding to the plane of the ground to be reinforced, and in that at least certain stiffened textile bands are twisted between two consecutive interlacing zones.
  • the three-dimensional component of the material is provided by the twists given to all or part of the constituent bands of the network.
  • the strips are, in the crisscrossing zones, flat substantially in the plane of the ground to be reinforced.
  • the twisted part of the strip due to the rigidity of the latter, has an approximate shape of a helix. It is this part which is above the ground plane to be reinforced and which ensures the anchoring in the ground and the blocking of the particles of the ground.
  • Patent FR-A-2,212,469 discloses a reinforcing panel for retaining floors in galleries or tunnels, which has twisted strips. But the panel being necessarily rigid, the elements which constitute it are metallic, including the twisted bands, and the panel cannot be wound in the form of a coil. On the other hand the spacing between the twisted strips is just sufficient to allow the projection of the concrete behind the panel, and there is no constitution of containers in particular for the ground.
  • the material of the invention consists of two sets of flat strips, all the strips of the same set having substantially the same direction.
  • the directions of the two sets of bands can be perpendicular.
  • the material can also consist of a larger number of sets of flat bands, arranged in non-perpendicular directions.
  • the material is composed of a first set of strips which will, over their entire length, be laid flat on the ground and if it is an embankment in the direction of the slope, and of a second set of bands, the twists of which will form soil retaining walls between the first set of flat bands.
  • the strips are fixed in the common interlacing zones in a known manner, for example by gluing, stapling, sewing, heat sealing, according to the specifications to be satisfied.
  • the bands are preferably made up of associated textile fibers or filaments in all possible forms: weaving, knitting, needling, thermoforming. Their rigidity can be provided by gluing.
  • the strips are made of a biodegradable material, for example in a nonwoven of viscose fibers stiffened by polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the spacing between the strips and the width of the strips depends on the application, and in particular on the slope, for example of the dune to be reinforced.
  • the spacing is preferably between 10 and 30 centimeters and the width of the strips between 5 and 10 centimeters.
  • All the constituent bands of the material of the invention can have the same width, or else the bands of the same set can have the same width, different from that of another set.
  • the material 1 for soil reinforcement is composed of flat strips 2 and twisted strips 3.
  • the flat strips 2 are parallel to each other; likewise the twisted strips 3 are mutually parallel and perpendicular to the flat strips 2.
  • the two sets of strips 2 and 3 are secured by means of staples 4, connecting the areas 5 of intersection where a flat strip 2 is superimposed to a twisted strip 3.
  • Each of the twisted bands 3 is produced from a viscose nonwoven fabric of the order of 300 g / m2 and having good rigidity.
  • This rigidity obtained for example by means of impregnating or reinforcing agents is necessary to prevent the twisted part from bending in the plane of the flat strips 2, and to preserve the three-dimensional structure of the material 1.
  • it it is polyvinyl alcohol at a rate of 50 g / m2.
  • the flat strips 2 can be made of the same material or in another material, the rigidity of the flat strips 2 not being as essential.
  • the width of the twisted bands 3 must be sufficient for the twisted parts 6 to form, with respect to the plane of the flat bands 2, that is to say on the ground plane, extra thicknesses capable of retaining the soil.
  • This width may be different depending on the use made of the material, in particular it will be at least five centimeters for reinforcement of the structure where the material is placed on a substantially horizontal floor, in the form of successive layers; it will be at least ten centimeters for uses in slope stabilization such as embankments or embankments. .
  • the bands were five centimeters in width and were spaced from each other by thirty centimeters.
  • the twists 6 are obtained by stapling, one side of said strip 3 being placed on a flat strip 2 then the other side of said strip 3 being laid on the next flat strip, and and so on. In this way, a 180 ° twist of the strip is produced between two stapling zones.
  • the twists 6 which follow one another on the same twisted strip 3 are alternated, in one direction then in the other; the twists 6 opposite each other on two immediately parallel twisted strips are alternated.
  • the material 1 is unwound from its reel and placed on the ground of the embankment, the flat strips 2 being in the direction of the slope, and the twisted strips 3 being perpendicular to the slope.
  • the twisted parts 6 form walls in the form of a helix above the ground plane. When the material is covered with soil, the latter blocks the material in position by the pressure exerted on the flat strips 2, but the soil is itself locked in position thanks to the walls formed by the twisted parts 6 which prevent it to slide along the slope.
  • the strips made of a biodegradable material are particularly useful in the case of reconstitution of dunes with planting of trees.
  • the young plants are placed in front of the containers delimited by the bands.
  • the bands gradually decompose, while the roots of the plantations anchor the soil. Plantations thus ensure the natural reinforcement of the soil in the long term, and the progressive elimination of the reinforcement material allows the development without constraint and without pollution of these plantations.
  • the invention is not limited to the example given above but covers all the variant embodiments of a three-dimensional material for reinforcing floors made up of textile webs in network, at least some of which are stiffened and twisted.
  • soil should not be taken in a restrictive sense, the material can be validly used whenever one seeks to ensure the reinforcement of a set of particles liable to deform, for example snow or concrete.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
EP19890400696 1988-03-18 1989-03-14 Dreidimensionales Material zur Erdverstärkung Expired - Lifetime EP0333576B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8804113A FR2628771B1 (fr) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Materiau tridimensionnel pour le renforcement des sols
FR8804113 1988-03-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0333576A2 true EP0333576A2 (de) 1989-09-20
EP0333576A3 EP0333576A3 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0333576B1 EP0333576B1 (de) 1993-06-09

Family

ID=9364741

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890400696 Expired - Lifetime EP0333576B1 (de) 1988-03-18 1989-03-14 Dreidimensionales Material zur Erdverstärkung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0333576B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68906931T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2628771B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0351229A2 (de) * 1988-07-15 1990-01-17 Helix Reinforcements Limited Bodenverstärkung
EP0480890A1 (de) * 1990-10-12 1992-04-15 COMES S.p.A. Begrünbare verstärkte Erdwand und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO1996000327A1 (de) * 1994-06-27 1996-01-04 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Formteile zum sichern von böschungen
WO1998003276A1 (en) * 1996-07-19 1998-01-29 The University Of Birmingham Concrete products
CZ303265B6 (cs) * 2009-07-21 2012-07-04 Centrum dopravního výzkumu, v.v.i. Geosyntetická mríž

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2292845B1 (de) 2009-07-25 2013-11-06 Centrum dopravniho vyzkumu, v.v.i. Geosynthetisches Material zur Verstärkung von Böden
EP2292843B1 (de) 2009-07-25 2013-10-02 Centrum dopravniho vyzkumu, v.v.i. Vorrichtung zum Verlegen einer Geokunststoff-Bewehrung
EP2385174A1 (de) 2010-12-27 2011-11-09 Centrum Dopravního Vyzkumu, V.v.i. Befestigungsstift für geosynthetische Materialien

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2212469A1 (de) * 1972-12-28 1974-07-26 Gescoriac
JPS57184131A (en) * 1982-04-03 1982-11-12 Kiyoshi Yamamoto Sheathing fence for slope and its construction
JPS5826121A (ja) * 1981-08-07 1983-02-16 Nisshoku Corp 植生困難地用植生基体
US4572705A (en) * 1978-11-14 1986-02-25 Vignon Jean Francois B J Revetment of cellular textile material

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4353956A (en) * 1981-06-05 1982-10-12 Nalle George S Jr Helical net

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2212469A1 (de) * 1972-12-28 1974-07-26 Gescoriac
US4572705A (en) * 1978-11-14 1986-02-25 Vignon Jean Francois B J Revetment of cellular textile material
JPS5826121A (ja) * 1981-08-07 1983-02-16 Nisshoku Corp 植生困難地用植生基体
JPS57184131A (en) * 1982-04-03 1982-11-12 Kiyoshi Yamamoto Sheathing fence for slope and its construction

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 7, no. 104 (M-212)[1249], 6 mai 1983; & JP-A-58 26 121 (NIHON SHIYOKUSEI) 16-02-1983 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 7, no. 29 (M-191)[1174], 5 février 1983; & JP-A-57 184 131 (KIYOSHI YAMAMOTO) 12-11-1982 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0351229A2 (de) * 1988-07-15 1990-01-17 Helix Reinforcements Limited Bodenverstärkung
EP0351229A3 (de) * 1988-07-15 1990-04-04 Helix Reinforcements Limited Bodenverstärkung
EP0480890A1 (de) * 1990-10-12 1992-04-15 COMES S.p.A. Begrünbare verstärkte Erdwand und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO1996000327A1 (de) * 1994-06-27 1996-01-04 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Formteile zum sichern von böschungen
WO1998003276A1 (en) * 1996-07-19 1998-01-29 The University Of Birmingham Concrete products
CZ303265B6 (cs) * 2009-07-21 2012-07-04 Centrum dopravního výzkumu, v.v.i. Geosyntetická mríž

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0333576A3 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0333576B1 (de) 1993-06-09
DE68906931D1 (de) 1993-07-15
DE68906931T2 (de) 1993-12-16
FR2628771B1 (fr) 1992-06-12
FR2628771A1 (fr) 1989-09-22

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