EP0329753B1 - Formwork shutter and profiled section for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a formwork shutter comprised of a plurality of assembled elements. At least certain of said elements are each comprised of a profiled section (1), made with aluminium, presenting on a first face a smooth formwork surface (2) and comprising longitudinal stiffening wings (3, 4, 5, 6) which are oriented perpendicularly to the formwork surface (2) and delimiting sideways between each other cavities (7, 8, 9) open to a second face of the profiled section opposite to said first face.

Description

The present invention relates to a profile constituting a concrete formwork form element comprising a smooth formwork surface in the formwork.

The forms traditionally used in formwork are most often made of heavy materials such as metal or an external steel or aluminum frame receiving a plywood skin serving as a formwork surface. These products used are, in general, heavy, difficult to maneuver and have a limited lifespan. Their implementation requires significant lifting means given their weight and requires special attention in their assembly. Such an implementation requires the use of expensive equipment as well as highly qualified labor.

The present invention aims to provide a set of forms consisting of assemblable elements representing a small mass, easily transportable, allowing ease of use by unskilled labor and avoiding having to resort to means inconvenient lifting. These forms of new design are obtained by the production of elements made of an aluminum alloy so that they are very light and easy to handle, the shape of these elements being studied to facilitate an assembly of these elements and to constitute a surface. formwork easily adjustable by both lateral and vertical combination of these formwork elements. The use of aluminum avoids all corrosion problems, hence the exceptional longevity of this product. The use of such a material therefore avoids having to use lifting means and allows simple packaging when such elements must be transported, especially for distant public works.

Document CH-A-294 607 discloses a profile comprising on a first face a smooth surface and on a second face of the stiffening longitudinal fins oriented perpendicular to the first face and delimiting between them open cavities in the direction opposite to said first face .

It is also known from document FR-A-2 430 507 that it is possible to mount a cross member with respect to uprights by means of screws which engage in longitudinal housings of said cross member.

The formwork formwork according to the invention is characterized in that that the fins comprise longitudinal reinforcements each forming on their ends a means for receiving, hollow in itself known, of fastening members for assembly elements of said profiles and in that two fins of the profit each located at a lateral end of the form face have a concave section, open towards the outside on the lateral edge of the profile adapted to the reception of a connecting element between two adjacent profiles in a horizontal arrangement.

Advantageously, two fins each located at a lateral end of the shuttering face have a "C" section open towards the lateral lateral of the profile.

According to a first manufacturing method, a formwork element with an external angle is produced by longitudinal central folding of the formwork surface.

According to a second manufacturing method, a section element with an internal angle is produced by longitudinal central folding of the formwork surface and cutting of two central fins.

The present invention also includes a set of forms for concrete formwork comprising a combination of profiles as previously described, characterized in that said elements of form are joined laterally by a connecting element engaging in the opening in "C" of a lateral fin of a first form element and in the “C” opening of a lateral fin of a second element, said connecting element being blocked by fastening members to said first and second form elements .

According to another secondary characteristic of this set of formwork, a “C” section receiving element is mounted on the horizontal edges of the formwork elements by fixing members cooperating with the reinforcements located on each fin.

Advantageously, a connecting element of two vertically superposed panel elements cooperates, on the one hand with a first receiving element mounted on the upper edge of a first panel element and, on the other hand with a second receiving element mounted on the upper edge of a second profile.

According to a preferred mounting method, steel ribs constituting a stiffening piece of the formwork are fixed transversely on the fins of each profile element formwork.

• _ La figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un profilé constituant un élément de banches;
• _ La figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un élément constituant un angle extérieur;
• _ La figure 3 est une vue en coupe d'un élément constituant un angle intérieur;
• _ La figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'éléments accolés latéralement;
• _ La figure 5 est une vue de face d'éléments accolés;
• _ La figure 6 est une vue cavalière de la coopération superposée de deux éléments;
• _ La figure 7 est une vue de la coopération d'éléments de liaison entre deux éléments de banche accolés;
• _ Et la figure 8 est une vue latérale d'un montage de coffrage utilisant de tels éléments.

A particular embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail which will make it better understand the essential characteristics and the advantages, it being understood however that this embodiment is chosen by way of example and that it is not at all limiting. Its description is illustrated by the appended drawings, in which:

• _ Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a profile constituting a formwork element;
• _ Figure 2 is a sectional view of an element constituting an external angle;
• _ Figure 3 is a sectional view of an element constituting an interior angle;
• _ Figure 4 is a sectional view of elements joined laterally;
• _ Figure 5 is a front view of adjoining elements;
• _ Figure 6 is a perspective view of the superimposed cooperation of two elements;
• _ Figure 7 is a view of the cooperation of connecting elements between two joined form elements;
• _ And Figure 8 is a side view of a formwork assembly using such elements.

Figure 1 shows in section a profile 1 constituting a concrete sheet element whose shape particular allows easy assembly used to make the formwork of a wall in building techniques as shown in Figure 8. The assembly includes two forms 70, 71 whose formwork faces face each other. These two forms are positioned using rods 72 passing through the two surfaces and aiming to maintain a constant spacing between the two formwork surfaces of each formwork element.

We will now explain in detail the constitution of each part of the sheet element comprising sections assembled both laterally and vertically.

The profile shown in Figure 1 is made by extrusion from an aluminum alloy giving it a lightness which facilitates handling. The press used during the extrusion operation makes it possible to obtain a shape of profile whose characteristics and advantages will be described.

The profile has a flat formwork face 2 with a thickness of 2.5 mm. Perpendicular to this formwork surface there are longitudinal stiffening fins 3, 4, 5, 6. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the element will have a formwork surface of 20 cm. For such a width, the profile will be provided with four fins distributed in the form of two lateral fins 3, 6 at each end and two central fins 4, 5. The central fins 4, 5 have a section in the shape of a "T" of which the foot starts from the formwork surface and whose end formed by the "T" head bar is parallel to the formwork surface in the same plane as the two ends of the lateral fins. The two lateral fins 3, 6 have a C-shaped section, the opening being oriented laterally outward on the edge of the profile. Of course, we can easily understand that the number of central stiffening fins may vary if we widen the dimension of an element so that the fins are regularly spaced to give a hold to the assembly and limit the forces applied to the formwork surface. The production by the extrusion of two lateral fins and two central fins makes it possible to delimit open cavities 7, 8, 9, the openings of which are located on the face of the profile opposite the formwork surface in alignment with the rear ends of the two fins 3 , 6 in the shape of "C" and the two central fins of T-shaped section. The lateral fins 3, 4 of section in "C," are cast so that their opening 12, 13 is towards the outer edge of the profile.

In a preferred embodiment, a sheet element as shown in section in FIG. 1 is 2.50 m high, 20 cm wide and 5 cm thick. This profile is, moreover, provided with longitudinal reinforcements 14, 15 each located on a fin, constituting a gutter ensuring two functions; on the one hand, an additional mass aimed at limiting the forces applied to the element and thus preventing any breakage and, on the other hand, permitting by the extreme openings of this gutter the introduction of fixing means such as screws in order to 'ensure the positioning of a receiving profile which will be explained later. These longitudinal reinforcements are alternately staggered in the succession of fins so that when we come to place this receiving profile on the edge of this profile, fasteners, then engaging in these gutters, are not aligned and offset their pressure exerted on the profile.

The realization of such an element for the dimensions mentioned above makes it possible to obtain, by the use of aluminum a weight of 3.5 kg implying in a unique way hitherto in the field of formwork, a light element easily maneuverable . In addition the use of aluminum avoids any corrosion problem giving thus to the element an exceptional longevity.

From such a basic element, it is possible to obtain, by a simple operation, elements of complementary formwork such as in particular profiles for obtaining external or internal angles. Referring to Figure 2, there is obtained a section element profile forming an external angle 20 by a simple folding longitudinally in the center of the formwork surface. This middle of the formwork surface is in the central cavity 28 and the center of the formwork surface coincides with the edge of the 90-degree angle formed by folding the formwork surface 22. The two lateral fins 23, 26 always have their opening towards the outside of the edge of the profile. The cavities 27 and 29 have not been modified, only the cavity 28 delimited by the central fins 24, 25 has seen its volume increased. The longitudinal reinforcements 14, 15 are also found in the same manner as previously mentioned.

Figure 3 shows a section element profile 30 providing an internal formwork angle. This corner element is produced from the basic element previously mentioned, by a folding at the level of the median part longitudinally of the formwork surface but no longer, as in the case of an external angle, a folding implying a bringing the two faces making the angle at 90 degrees; but in this case, it is a separation at 90 degrees from the two faces implying a movement of approach of the two lateral fins. To obtain a folding towards the rear part of the profile with reference to the support of the fins, it is necessary to prepare by cutting the two central fins so that they do not come into abutment against one another. This cutting takes place in the middle of the two central fins in the shape of a "T" so that, when the profile is folded inwards, the two remaining parts of fins 34, 35 do not come block movement. An internal angle for the formwork is then produced by cutting and folding. The prior cutting of the fins implies a deletion for the fin 34 of the gutter for inserting the fasteners but, however, a longitudinal reinforcement gutter 14 is maintained on the fin 35. The two lateral fins of "C" shaped section are intact and their openings on the edge are oriented 90 degrees to each other.

From the basic element delivering a smooth rectilinear formwork surface, it is easy to obtain section element profiles for particular applications such as corner formwork. This passage from the base element is easily done by a simple folding and possibly cutting of the fins.

Of course in the description of FIGS. 2 and 3, the transformation has been described to obtain a right angle formwork, but it can easily be understood that it would be possible to obtain an obtuse or acute intermediate angle by limiting the approximation by folding of the two ends of the profile.

From a section element profile as previously described, large formwork surfaces are easily obtained by lateral association and by superposition of these different elements.

Figure 4 shows in section a lateral association of these various elements. The elements 50, 51, 52, 53 are joined laterally to each other so that their formwork surface is in the same plane. A lateral fin of a first element cooperates with a lateral fin of a second element so that their openings face each other. When these side fins are joined, a closed volume is obtained in which a connecting element 54, 55, 56 is inserted formed by an aluminum profile of square section. Figure 7 shows the cooperation between this connecting element and the ends of two profiles in which it is inserted. A first section 50 is attached by its lateral fin to a second profile 51 at its lateral fin. A connecting element 62 is inserted which comes into locking, on the one hand at the bottom of the cavity against the fins and, on the other hand laterally by the return wings of the section in C, avoiding any movement from front to back . Once this connecting element has been inserted into the two cavities of the lateral fins of the profiles 50, 51, the connecting element is fixed to the two profiles of panel elements by screws 63, 64.

In a preferred type of embodiment, the fasteners 63, 64 will pass through the rear surface of the panel element to reach the connecting element 62.

FIG. 5 shows a set of section panel elements 50, 51, 52, 53 joined to one another as seen in section in FIG. 4.

After having mentioned the lateral cooperation of the section elements profiles, now referring to FIG. 6, we will discover the way of associating the profiles on top of each other by a vertical arrangement. To do this, we just place horizontally on the upper edge of a first profile, a receiving element 42, made by an aluminum profile of section in the shape of "C". On the rear inner face of this “C” section, the receiving element is provided with orifices allowing the passage of fasteners which come to engage in the longitudinal reinforcements located on each fin. These fixings could be constituted, for example, by screws. The positioning of this receiving element on the upper edge of the element allows, on the one hand a stiffening of the assembly and, on the other hand reconstitutes a shape of the profile comparable to that located laterally on said profile. On the sheet element which is going to be attached in superposition on the first element previously described, we will fix on the lower edge this time of the profile, a receiving element 43 having the same section in C. When the elements of reception 42, 43 are placed on the lower and upper edges of the two sheet elements to be joined, we just engage a connecting element 44 in the opening made by the "C" shape of the first profile and, in the same way as previously described for lateral abutments, this connecting element cooperates with the other opening of the associated receiving element in the vertical cooperation. It will only remain, for a final fixing of the two elements, to place screws passing through the base of the "C" section and the connecting element. In the case of a section profiled element for an interior or exterior angle, it will easily be understood that the connecting element has a square shape as well as the profile producing the receiving element so as to allow corner cooperation of the two overlapping sheet elements. It is therefore easy to make a form by lateral association of a basic element as well as by vertical association. When the entire formwork surface has been produced which is required, steel fishplates 45 are positioned on the rear face of the section element profiles by fixing to the head of the stiffening fins in the shape of a "T" with using screws 47.

Referring again to FIG. 5, it can be seen that these steel fishplates 59, 60 cooperate laterally with all of the sections of side panel elements joined together. These ribs 59, 60 have openings for the passage of spacing elements coinciding with the orifices made in the cavities delimited by stiffening fins. The upper edge of the section produced is delimited by a receiving element 57 and the lower edge by another receiving element 58.

The present invention therefore makes it possible to produce sectional elements sections entirely of aluminum, benefiting from a total weight of 19 kg per m² and meeting all the uses and needs of the building and public works in no way requiring the borrowing of machines. lifting since manipulable by hand. The use of aluminum avoids all corrosion problems and therefore implies an exceptional longevity of use. The easy assembly using the connecting elements and receiving profiles allows ease of use by unskilled labor. The particular shape of the various elements automatically ensures a leveling of square and verticality. The shape of these elements also allows for easy packaging and shipping in the form of a container. These forms therefore benefit from a mechanical assembly within the reach of all, thus escaping the constraints of a traditional assembly using sophisticated welding techniques and complicated manufacturing.

Naturally, the invention is in no way limited by the features which have been specified in the foregoing or by the details of the particular embodiment chosen to illustrate the invention.

Claims (6)

1. An element of a formwork shutter constitued by a profiled section (1), made from aluminium, presenting on a first face a smooth formwork surface (2) and comprising longitudinal stiffening wings (3, 4, 5, 6) oriented perpendicularly to the formwork surface (2) and defining laterally between the wings cavities (7, 8, 9) open to a second face of the profiled section opposite to said first face, characterised in that the wings (3, 4, 5, 6) comprise longitudinal reinforcements (14, 15) each forming on their extremities a hollow means of reception, in itself known, for fastening means for elements (42, 43, 44) for assembling said profiled sections, and in that two wings (3, 6) of the profiled sections each situated at a lateral extremity of the formwork face (2) have a concave section, open towards the exterior on the side edge of the profiled section, adapted to receive a linking element (62) between two adjacent profiled sections in a horizontal arrangement.

2. An element of a shutter according to claim 1, characterised in that the wings (3, 6) each situated at a lateral extremity of the formwork face present a C-shaped section open towards the exterior on the side edge of the profiled section.

3. An element of a shutter in accordance with either of claim 1 and claim 2 characterised in that the said profiled section is conformable into an exterior angle (20) by bending the formwork surface (22) towards the exterior at the centre between two central wings and conformable into an interior angle (30) by bending of the formwork surface towards the interior between two central wings which have previously been longitudinally cut away.

4. A formwork shutter comprising a plurality of assembled elements, at least certain of which comprise an element of a shutter according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said elements comprise several of said profiled sections which are held laterally side by side by a linking element (54, 55, 56) fitting into the C-shaped opening in a side wing of the first of said profiled sections and into the C-shaped opening in a side wing of a second of said profiled sections, said linking element being combined with the means of fastening to said first and second profiled sections, in that a receiving element (42, 43) of C-shaped section is mounted on the horizontal edge of the profiled sections by the fastening means co-operating with the reinforcements situated on each wing, and in that a linking element (44) between two profiled sections vertically superposed is in co-operation with a part of a first receiving element (43) mounted on the lower edge of an upper profiled section and, with another part of the second receiving element (42) mounted on an upper edge of a lower profiled section (40).

5. A shutter according to claim 4 characterised in that it comprises steel splints (45) constituting a stiffening component of the shutter, fixed transversely on the wings of each profiled section.

6. A shutter according to either of claims 4 and 5, characterised in that the formwork surface of said profiled section is provided with holes for the passage of spacing elements (72), said holes opening into the open cavities (7, 8, 9).

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