EP0329138A1 - Relais électromagnétique - Google Patents

Relais électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0329138A1
EP0329138A1 EP89102683A EP89102683A EP0329138A1 EP 0329138 A1 EP0329138 A1 EP 0329138A1 EP 89102683 A EP89102683 A EP 89102683A EP 89102683 A EP89102683 A EP 89102683A EP 0329138 A1 EP0329138 A1 EP 0329138A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leg
yoke
armature
coil
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89102683A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0329138B1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf-Dieter Dipl.-Phys. Kimpel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0329138A1 publication Critical patent/EP0329138A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0329138B1 publication Critical patent/EP0329138B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/60—Contact arrangements moving contact being rigidly combined with movable part of magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5822—Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/20—Non-polarised relays with two or more independent armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay having a coil, a core arranged axially in the coil, a first yoke designed as an armature, which forms a working air gap with one leg relative to the first end of the core and is coupled to a contact spring, and also to a second yoke , which is L-shaped, with its first leg facing the second end of the core and with its second leg extending substantially parallel to the coil axis next to the coil, the free end of the first yoke (armature) in the region of the free end of the second leg of the second yoke, and with a tension return spring which engages extensions of the first and second yokes and extends substantially parallel to the coil axis.
  • Such a relay structure is described, for example, in DE-PS 32 32 679, but is also known in many other configurations. These relays are simple and inexpensive to manufacture, robust against external influences and therefore used in large numbers, for example in motor vehicles.
  • Known relays of this conventional design each have a plate-shaped armature, which is usually mounted on the yoke in the region of an end edge.
  • the armature is angled, but the bearing point is also usually in the case of such angled anchors in an extension of the pole face. If high direct currents are switched with such relays, there is a strong material migration and a great tendency to weld the contacts. These undesirable effects are particularly pronounced when the melt that arises in the arc of the contact can cool down at the same point on the arc if there is no relative movement at the contact points. This is often the case with relays of the type mentioned at the beginning, since the contact springs are generally connected directly to the armature.
  • Another disadvantage of the conventional arrangement is that the force exerted on the armature by the return spring, which force may also have to generate the rest contact force, counteracts the excitation force and increases during conventional armature tightening in conventional systems. Care must therefore be taken that the magnet system, i. H. the coil is designed so that the force generated by the excitation system is greater than the counterforce exerted by the return spring and, if applicable, the contact springs, at any point in time of the response. If the difference between the force curves of these two counteracting systems is too small, there is a risk that the relay will not pull through completely or not quickly enough under unfavorable tolerance conditions, so that unsafe contact will result.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to produce a known friction on the contact surfaces by an improved structural design of the relay system mentioned above, but at the same time with fixed contact forces and without increasing the excitation power, the distance between the force-travel characteristics of the magnet system on the one hand and on the other hand, to increase the spring forces counteracting the magnet system and thus to improve the tightening safety of the relay.
  • forces we are of course always referring to the counteracting forces, i.e. the torques, taking the respective leverage effects into account.
  • this object is achieved in that the is designed as an anchor serving first yoke L-shaped, forms the working air gap with its first leg, runs approximately parallel to the coil axis with its second leg and is mounted with the free end of this second leg next to the coil at the free end of the second yoke and that Anchors have an extension on their first leg beyond the angled second leg, to which the return spring acts.
  • the armature is not only angled, but also has its bearing point at the end of the angled second leg, that is to say approximately in the central region of the coil length.
  • the armature does not pivot about its break point between the two legs, but rather about the free end of the second leg, which, according to the length of this second leg, is at a large distance from the plane of the pole face on the coil core.
  • the contact spring connected to the first armature leg thus has a large friction path at the contact point, as a result of which the material migration and the tendency to weld of the contact are counteracted.
  • a significant further advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the return spring acting on the extension of the armature and also on an extension of the second yoke has a falling characteristic of its effective spring force during the armature tightening movement. This is explained by the fact that, due to the rotary movement of the angle armature around the distal end of the second armature leg, the point of application of the return spring moves considerably with respect to the bearing point, so that the effective lever arm for the force of the return spring when the armature suit is significantly reduced. So although the spring force of the return spring remains the same during the armature movement or even increases slightly, it works with the lever arm multiplied spring force in a lower torque, which counteracts the torque applied by the magnet system.
  • the second yoke is also designed as an angular armature, which forms a working air gap with the second core end with its first leg and is mounted next to the yoke with its angled second leg.
  • the relay therefore has two movable anchors, while a separate immovable flow return element is not required.
  • the advantages for contact friction and for the improved force-displacement characteristics also exist with the two-armature relay.
  • a two-armature relay has the known advantage that increased security against welding is given when the two contacts are connected in series.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the basic structure of a relay designed according to the invention.
  • This relay has a coil with a coil body 1 and a winding 2.
  • a core 3 is arranged in the axial direction within the coil, the first end 3a of which forms a working air gap with a movable yoke or armature 4, while the second end 3b with a fixed yoke 5 connected is.
  • This yoke 5 has a first leg 5a, which runs perpendicular to the coil axis, and a second leg 5b, which is bent in a direction parallel to the coil axis and extends in length approximately to the middle of the coil length.
  • the armature 4 is also angled or L-shaped, a first armature leg 4a forming the working air gap mentioned, while a second armature leg 4b runs approximately parallel to the coil axis and is supported with the free end 4c on the free end 5c of the yoke leg Sb.
  • the bearing point or pivot point is designated 6.
  • the anchor 4 has an extension 4d which extends beyond the bend;
  • the yoke 5 also has an extension 5d which extends the first yoke leg 5a beyond the angle of the second yoke leg 5b.
  • a return spring 7 is suspended, which is subjected to tension and is designed, for example, as a coil spring.
  • a contact spring 8 is attached to the armature, which forms a normally closed contact and a working contact with two counter-contact elements 9 and 10, which are only indicated.
  • the force relationships are shown in FIG. 2 as an example.
  • the path s is plotted on the abscissa, which the armature travels between a rest position R (corresponds to FIG. 1) and a working or closing position A (with the armature fully tightened).
  • the forces F are plotted on the ordinate, all forces being related to the same lever arm in order to make them comparable.
  • the curve m denotes the course of the force generated by the magnet system through the excitation coil 2. It increases as the armature approaches the core until it reaches the value F m in the closed state.
  • Curve f1 shows the course of the spring forces, i.e. the contact springs and the return spring, in a conventional relay of a comparable design.
  • the normally closed contact force F k1 must first be overcome until the contact opens. Thenceforth only the return spring 7 counteracts the pulling forces of the magnet system.
  • the force of the return spring increases with increasing armature until the contact closes at point S. At this point the spring force reaches a size F k2 . From then on, a contact force is built up in the contact spring 8 resting on the counter-contact element 10, which counteracts the magnet system in addition to the force of the return spring, which also increases.
  • Curve f2 now shows a force-displacement curve which can be achieved with a relay according to the invention and which is considerably further away from curve m , that is to say it produces larger energy reserves of the magnet system when the magnet system remains unchanged and thereby leads to a more reliable response.
  • Curve f2 does not initially increase after opening break contact 8-9, since the effective force of the return spring drops due to the decreasing lever arm b, namely from point R to point S from force F k1 to F k4 . Only from the closing point S on does the spring force curve f2 rise again, since the desired contact force must now be built up at the normally open contact 10. However, due to the much lower starting point, it has a sufficiently large distance from the magnet system curve m , so that the desired responsiveness is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a relay in a schematic representation.
  • Coil and armature 4 are constructed and labeled in the same way as in FIG 1.
  • Le diglich instead of the fixed yoke 5 a movable yoke or a second armature 15 is now provided, which forms a further working air gap with the second core end 3b.
  • the second anchor 15 is constructed correspondingly to the first anchor 4, that is to say with a first anchor leg 15a and an angled second anchor leg 15b and with an extension 15d.
  • the return spring 7 is accordingly suspended in this case between the two extensions 4d and 15d.
  • a second contact spring 18 is also attached to the armature 15, which cooperates with counter-contact elements 19 and 20.
  • FIG. 3 also has the advantage that the advantages of two anchors can be used with only one excitation system, but at the same time a fixed yoke is saved.
  • the magnet system contains a coil body 21 with a winding 22, the coil body resting on a base 23 as a supporting part.
  • the system has two anchors 24 and 25, which are each angularly shaped according to FIG 3.
  • the first armature legs 24a and 25a interact with the core (not shown) and each carry a contact spring, for example 28.
  • the second armature legs 24b and 25b extend next to the coil and form interlocking bearing elements at their free ends, for example a bearing cutting edge 24c and a bearing groove 25c.
  • both anchors with a bearing cutter or with bearing grooves and to correspond between them
  • Intermediate element for example in the form of a rod with a cylindrical cross section or with an X-shaped cross section, depending on the design of the anchor ends.
  • a return spring 27 is suspended between extensions 24d and 25d of the two anchors. The function of the two anchors has already been described with reference to FIG 3.
  • the relay has a base 30 and a cap 31 as a housing, with connection elements, for example in the form of flat plugs 32, being fastened in the base 30.
  • connection elements for example in the form of flat plugs 32, being fastened in the base 30.
  • These connecting elements are connected in a suitable, known manner to the corresponding parts in the relay, for example via strands 33 to the contact springs and via correspondingly bent, invisible connecting pieces to the coil connections 34.
  • Support elements 35 (only can be seen on the base) for the two anchors. As a result, the anchors, which are otherwise only preloaded against one another, are secured against lateral migration.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP89102683A 1988-02-19 1989-02-16 Relais électromagnétique Expired - Lifetime EP0329138B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3805254 1988-02-19
DE3805254 1988-02-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0329138A1 true EP0329138A1 (fr) 1989-08-23
EP0329138B1 EP0329138B1 (fr) 1993-06-23

Family

ID=6347764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89102683A Expired - Lifetime EP0329138B1 (fr) 1988-02-19 1989-02-16 Relais électromagnétique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4956623A (fr)
EP (1) EP0329138B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01253139A (fr)
DE (1) DE58904759D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010142212A1 (fr) * 2009-06-11 2010-12-16 Hao Chungtai Dispositif de commutation électromagnétique à économie d'énergie
CN101471202B (zh) * 2008-08-06 2011-11-30 厦门宏发电声股份有限公司 一种电磁继电器的动簧衔铁部件
WO2013017137A1 (fr) * 2011-07-29 2013-02-07 Abb Technology Ag Actionneur magnétique à induit rotatif

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5317294A (en) * 1991-08-16 1994-05-31 Magnetic Technology, Inc. Electromagnetic relay
US5363669A (en) * 1992-11-18 1994-11-15 Whirlpool Corporation Defrost cycle controller
US5321377A (en) * 1993-01-21 1994-06-14 Kaloust P. Sagoian Electromagnet for relays and contactor assemblies
US5872497A (en) * 1996-10-23 1999-02-16 Physio-Control Corporation High energy transfer relay
AUPR475301A0 (en) * 2001-05-04 2001-05-31 Alcatel Micro-relay for telecommunications network configuration
DE10150393A1 (de) * 2001-10-08 2003-04-17 Afl Germany Electronics Gmbh Relais
DE10162585C1 (de) * 2001-12-19 2003-04-24 Gruner Ag Prellreduziertes Relais
JP5241375B2 (ja) * 2008-08-15 2013-07-17 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器
DE102012202084A1 (de) * 2012-02-13 2013-08-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Klappankerlagerung für magnetischen Auslöser
KR101545893B1 (ko) 2014-01-28 2015-08-20 엘에스산전 주식회사 릴레이
DE102014103247A1 (de) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Tyco Electronics Austria Gmbh Elektromagnetisches Relais
JP6536472B2 (ja) * 2016-04-28 2019-07-03 株式会社デンソー ソレノイド
CH713442B1 (de) * 2017-02-08 2021-03-31 Elesta Gmbh Ostfildern De Zweigniederlassung Bad Ragaz Relais.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2614926A1 (de) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-13 Hartmann & Braun Ag Elektromagnetische schalteinrichtung
DE3232679A1 (de) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches schaltrelais fuer hohe strombelastung
FR2517464A1 (fr) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-03 Bernier Raymond Relais electromagnetique
EP0211446A1 (fr) * 1985-08-14 1987-02-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relais électromagnétique à deux armatures

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4701734A (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-20 Niles Parts Co., Ltd. Hinge type relay
US4691181A (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-09-01 Niles Parts Co., Ltd. Hinge type relay
US4745382A (en) * 1986-05-22 1988-05-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic relay for automatic assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2614926A1 (de) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-13 Hartmann & Braun Ag Elektromagnetische schalteinrichtung
DE3232679A1 (de) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches schaltrelais fuer hohe strombelastung
FR2517464A1 (fr) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-03 Bernier Raymond Relais electromagnetique
EP0211446A1 (fr) * 1985-08-14 1987-02-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relais électromagnétique à deux armatures

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101471202B (zh) * 2008-08-06 2011-11-30 厦门宏发电声股份有限公司 一种电磁继电器的动簧衔铁部件
WO2010142212A1 (fr) * 2009-06-11 2010-12-16 Hao Chungtai Dispositif de commutation électromagnétique à économie d'énergie
WO2013017137A1 (fr) * 2011-07-29 2013-02-07 Abb Technology Ag Actionneur magnétique à induit rotatif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0329138B1 (fr) 1993-06-23
DE58904759D1 (de) 1993-07-29
US4956623A (en) 1990-09-11
JPH01253139A (ja) 1989-10-09

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