EP0326659B1 - Filtre à suie régénérable pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Filtre à suie régénérable pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0326659B1
EP0326659B1 EP88118670A EP88118670A EP0326659B1 EP 0326659 B1 EP0326659 B1 EP 0326659B1 EP 88118670 A EP88118670 A EP 88118670A EP 88118670 A EP88118670 A EP 88118670A EP 0326659 B1 EP0326659 B1 EP 0326659B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
chamber
cover
inlet
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88118670A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0326659A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Böhme
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huss Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huss Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huss Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huss Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT88118670T priority Critical patent/ATE60824T1/de
Publication of EP0326659A1 publication Critical patent/EP0326659A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0326659B1 publication Critical patent/EP0326659B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2350/00—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a regenerable soot filter for the exhaust gas from internal combustion engines, with a housing which has inlet and outlet connections for the exhaust gas and thermal insulation, with at least one filter body in the housing and with a filter antechamber between the exhaust gas inlet connection and the filter body, in which deposited soot particles can be burned for the regeneration of the filter body, the housing being divided and in the open state giving access to the exchangeably arranged filter body.
  • Foot filters of this type are used, for example, for cleaning the exhaust gas of non-stationary diesel engines.
  • the soot filter for example of a forklift equipped in this way, separates the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas during day-to-day operation.
  • the filter antechamber is heated to a temperature at which the soot particles in the filter body ignite and burn with the simultaneous entry of combustion air; the ignition temperature of the soot particles is generally reduced catalytically.
  • the filter bodies in general a soot filter has several filter bodies connected in parallel
  • the filter bodies are held next to one another in such a way that the interior of the housing into a filter antechamber and a collecting space for the filtered exhaust gas is divided.
  • a cover that overlaps the filter body on the outflow side and seals it and contains the collecting space can be removed from the rest of the housing after loosening screws or other closures, so that the filter body is accessible for inspection and, if necessary, for replacement.
  • soot filter of the type discussed here requires regular regeneration phases during which no exhaust gas can be passed through and the internal combustion engine must therefore be stopped. This in turn means that the system equipped with it, such as the forklift already mentioned, is at a break from work. If you wanted to operate the forklift continuously, you would either have to replace the entire filter (which is practically impossible due to the high assembly costs) or provide two filter systems that can be operated or regenerated in parallel; if the latter is to take place during the operation of the entire system, new difficulties would have to be eliminated or accepted.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing the structure of the soot filter in such a way that not only easy access to the filter bodies, but also their rapid replacement is ensured and, moreover, the soot filter cannot be stopped for the entire duration of its regeneration phase.
  • the invention provides that the filter antechamber is designed as a chamber separate from the housing and this is combined with the filter body to form a structural unit which is detachably held in the housing.
  • the inventive combination of the filter body with a - separate from the rest of the housing - chamber for the filter anteroom brings with it a number of structural and operational advantages.
  • the use of thermally high-strength (and therefore more expensive) materials can be restricted to the wall of the chamber, while the rest of the housing consists of cheaper material.
  • the unit comprising the chamber and filter bodies — with the soot accumulated during a work cycle — can easily be removed from the housing and replaced by another unit of the same type; With the new or regenerated insert, the internal combustion engine can continue to be operated immediately, while the soot-laden unit is regenerated elsewhere, for example in a stationary filter housing similar structure.
  • An end wall of the housing can advantageously be designed as a lid of a box, the lid supporting the structural unit and being detachably and gas-tightly attached to the box.
  • the latter can be accomplished not only with screws, but also, for example, with the help of a quick-release fastener.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that the cover clamps the assembly between itself and the opposite end wall of the housing, a heat-insulating and sealing plate being arranged between the cover on the one hand and the box and the assembly on the other.
  • the chamber (with the holder for the filter body) is a completely independent component, which is particularly advantageous in terms of material selection, manufacture and maintenance (replacement).
  • the assembly work during maintenance or repair or the replacement of the entire structural unit described above is further reduced if the inlet and outlet connections are arranged in the end wall of the box opposite the cover and a seal is provided between the inlet connection and an inlet opening of the chamber.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that the inlet opening of the chamber outside of is surrounded by a piece of pipe which, in the installed state, protrudes concentrically into the inlet connection piece, which carries an annular seal which rests on the outside of the pipe piece.
  • the regeneration of the filter body requires a special heating of the combustion chamber and thus the filter body so that the soot particles burn when combustion air is admitted. That warming and the heat of combustion lead to an expansion of the gas, and the resulting outflow draws combustion air.
  • the regeneration of the filter specifically the assembly consisting of the chamber and filter bodies, is not carried out within the housing, the conventional arrangement of a heating device and an inlet for the combustion air is not necessarily required. Rather, for example, the exhaust gas inlet opening of the chamber, which is exposed after the assembly has been removed from the housing, could be used to heat its interior (for example by inserting a heating device) and to supply combustion air.
  • a heater protruding into the combustion chamber is provided, this is preferably attached to the lid and protrudes into the chamber.
  • the carrier for the heating device can also contain an (usually controllable) inlet for the combustion air.
  • the housing designated in FIG. 1 as a whole consists of a box 2 and a cover 3 closing its end face.
  • the latter has a circumferential flange 4, which in the example is screwed to a corresponding counter flange 5 of the box 2 (screws 6).
  • a quick-action lock (not shown) can also be provided.
  • a seal 7 is arranged between the cover 3 and the box 2, which, in the closed state of the housing 1, closes its interior in a gas-tight manner.
  • Both the box 2 and the lid 3 have an inner wall 8 and an outer wall 9, between which a layer 10 of heat-insulating material is arranged. Claws la are used to fasten the housing 1, for example on the framework of a forklift.
  • a chamber 11 is fastened, with one end edge of its circumferential, multi-cranked side wall 12.
  • An end wall 13 of the chamber 11 is fastened to the other end edge of the side wall 12 and thereby closed, also with respect to the rest of the interior of the housing 1.
  • the walls 12, 13 consist, for example, of V2A steel, while the outer and inner walls 8, 9 of the housing 1 can consist of less heat-resistant material, for example steel St37; only the inner wall 8 of the cover 3 would be excluded - at least in the area of the chamber 11.
  • Filter bodies 14 are inserted in a gas-tight manner in the upper section 12a of the wall 12 of the chamber 11, so that the exhaust gas flowing through the filter has to flow through the filter bodies, which are designed in a lamella-like manner. Outside the chamber 11, the filter body 14 surrounds a collecting space 15 for the exhaust gas freed from soot particles.
  • an inlet connection 17 and an outlet connection 18 for the exhaust gas are fastened, in each case only welded to the inner wall 8, while an annular gap 19 is open towards the outer wall 9, one Prevents thermal bridge from the inner wall 8 via the connector 17 or 18 to the outer wall 9.
  • the annular gap 19 can be closed by a poorly heat-conducting ring (not shown).
  • the inlet nozzle 17 has an annular body 20 which is stepped on the outside and inside with an annular recess 21, in the area of which an annular seal 22 is arranged.
  • a tube piece 23 is inserted, which surrounds the inlet opening 24 of the chamber 11 and is fastened in the end wall 13 thereof. With its outside, the pipe section 23 bears against the seal 22, so that a gas-tight connection between the exhaust gas inlet connection 17 and the filter antechamber in the chamber 11 is established.
  • a support 25 for the heating element 26 of an electrical heating device, designated as a whole by 27, is fastened coaxially to the inlet connection 17 in an opening in the cover 3.
  • the heating element 26 protrudes in the manner shown the interior of the chamber 11 so that it can be heated in the regeneration phase. In a manner not shown, the current is supplied via the connection part 28 of the heating device 27.
  • heating element 26 extend through the carrier 25, but combustion air, which flows in through a quantity-adjustable inlet 29, can be supplied — essentially concentrically to this.
  • combustion gases generated during the regeneration escape into the atmosphere through the outlet connection 18, just as in filter operation.
  • the chamber 11 ' is not permanently attached to the cover 3. Rather, it also has an end wall 13 in the area of the cover, which runs parallel to the opposite end wall 13 at the other end of the chamber 11 '.
  • a pipe section 30 (corresponding to the pipe section 23) is inserted into the end wall 13 ′′ and, in the operating state, engages concentrically in the carrier 25 'of the heating element 26'. Seals 31 are provided between the pipe section 30 and the carrier 25 '.
  • a plate 32 made of heat-insulating material is provided, which at the same time seals the cover 3 'against the flange 5.
  • the chamber 11 'with its side wall 12', the end walls 13 'and 13 "and a bottom 33 is therefore a closed, separate component (made of heat-resistant material) held detachably in the housing 1, into which the filter body - in a known manner again detachable, but sealed against their ring holder - are used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Filtre à suie, régénérable, pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne, et comportant un carter (1) muni de raccords d'entrée et de sortie (17,18) pour les gaz d'échappement ainsi que d'une isolation thermique (10), comportant au moins un corps filtrant (14) dans le carter (1), ainsi qu'une pré-chambre de filtre entre le raccord d'entrée des gaz d'échappement (17) et le corps filtrant (14), dans laquelle les particules de suie séparées peuvent être brûlées en vue de régénérer le corps filtrant (14), le carter (1) étant subdivisé et permettant, à l'état ouvert, l'accès au corps filtrant (14) agencé de manière interchangeable, caractérisé en ce que la pré-chambre du filtre est réalisée sous la forme d'une chambre (11) séparée du carter (1), celle-ci étant regroupée avec le corps filtrant (14) pour constituer un module, maintenu de manière démontable, mais étanche aux gaz, dans le carter (1).
2. Filtre à suie régénérable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'une des faces frontales du carter (1) est réalisée sous la forme d'un couvercle (3) d'un caisson (2), et en ce que le couvercle (3) porte le module (11, 14) et est fixé sur le caisson (2) de manière démontable et étanche aux gaz (joint d'étanchéité 7).
3. Filtre à suie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'une des faces frontales du carter (1) est réalisée sous la forme d'un couvercle (3') d'un caisson (2), et en ce que le couvercle (3') enserre le module (11', 14), entre lui-même et la face frontale opposée du carter, une plaque (32) d'isolation thermique et d'étanchéité étant agencée entre le couvercle et le caisson d'une part, et entre le couvercle et le module d'autre part.
4. Filtre à suie selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps filtrant (14) est fixé dans une paroi (12a) de la chambre (11), s'étendant sensiblement selon une direction perpendiculaire au couvercle (3).
5. Filtre à suie selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les raccords d'entrée et de sortie (17, 18) sont agencés sur la paroi frontale (16) du caisson (2), opposée au couvercle (3), et en ce qu'un joint d'étanchéité (22) est prévu entre le raccord d'entrée (17) et une ouverture d'entrée (24) de la chambre (11).
6. Filtre à suie selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée (24) est entourée, côté extérieur, par un tronçon de tube (23) qui, à l'état monté, s'engage concentriquement dans le raccord d'entrée (17) qui porte un joint annulaire d'étanchéité (22) s'appliquant contre l'extérieur du tronçon de tube (23).
7. Filtre à suie selon l'une des revendications 2 à 6, comprenant un dispositif de chauffage s'engageant à l'intérieur de la pré-chambre du filtre, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (27) est fixé sur le couvercle (3), son élément de chauffe (26) s'engageant dans la chambre (11).
8. Filtre à suie selon les revendications 3 et 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (27) est fixé sur un embout tubulaire (25') qui entoure extérieurement sur le couvercle (3') une ouverture de passage pour l'élément de chauffe (26), et dans lequel vient s'engager de manière concentrique, étanche, et démontable, un tronçon de tube (30) soudé sur la chambre (11') et entourant l'ouverture de passage de celle-ci pour l'élément de chauffe (26).
9. Filtre à suie selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu sur le support (25) pour le dispositif de chauffage (27), une entrée (29), notamment réglable, pour de l'air de combustion.
10. Filtre à suie selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins le caisson (2) du carter (1) comporte une paroi double et qu'entre la paroi intérieure (8) et la paroi extérieure (9) est agencée une couche (10) en un matériau d'isolation thermique, et en ce que les raccords d'entrée et de sortie (17, 18), ainsi que, le cas échéant, le support (25) pour le dispositif de chauffage (27), ne sont fixés que sur la paroi intérieure (8), tandis qu'entre ces éléments et la paroi extérieure (9) est prévue un faible fente d'air (19) qui peut être obturée ay moyen d'un anneau en un matériau à mauvaise conductibilité thermique.
EP88118670A 1988-02-05 1988-11-10 Filtre à suie régénérable pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0326659B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88118670T ATE60824T1 (de) 1988-02-05 1988-11-10 Regenerierbarer russfilter fuer das abgas von verbrennungsmotoren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8801474U DE8801474U1 (fr) 1988-02-05 1988-02-05
DE8801474U 1988-02-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0326659A1 EP0326659A1 (fr) 1989-08-09
EP0326659B1 true EP0326659B1 (fr) 1991-02-06

Family

ID=6820364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88118670A Expired - Lifetime EP0326659B1 (fr) 1988-02-05 1988-11-10 Filtre à suie régénérable pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0326659B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE60824T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8801474U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4004636A1 (de) * 1990-02-15 1991-08-22 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verminderung der ortbarkeit von gasen
DE102008031874B4 (de) 2008-07-05 2015-12-17 Man Truck & Bus Ag Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Nutzfahrzeuges sowie Anordnung einer Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0151558A1 (fr) * 1984-01-10 1985-08-14 Unikat Ab Filtre de particule pour la purification des gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion interne
US4641496A (en) * 1984-12-17 1987-02-10 Ford Motor Company Continuous rotary regeneration system for a particulate trap
DE3608371A1 (de) * 1986-03-13 1987-09-17 Fev Forsch Energietech Verbr Gehaeuse fuer abgasnachbehandlungssysteme, insbesondere fuer partikelfiltersysteme

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4087966A (en) * 1973-05-03 1978-05-09 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas cleaning device
GB2114913B (en) * 1982-02-10 1985-06-05 Texaco Development Corp Exhaust gas treatment apparatus and method
US4462812A (en) * 1982-12-08 1984-07-31 General Motors Corporation Ceramic monolith particulate trap including filter support
EP0114696B1 (fr) * 1983-01-24 1988-12-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de réglage d'émission d'échappement pour moteurs Diesel
US4925463A (en) * 1986-05-30 1990-05-15 Dieter Kuhnert Exhaust gas cleaning system for diesel engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0151558A1 (fr) * 1984-01-10 1985-08-14 Unikat Ab Filtre de particule pour la purification des gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion interne
US4641496A (en) * 1984-12-17 1987-02-10 Ford Motor Company Continuous rotary regeneration system for a particulate trap
DE3608371A1 (de) * 1986-03-13 1987-09-17 Fev Forsch Energietech Verbr Gehaeuse fuer abgasnachbehandlungssysteme, insbesondere fuer partikelfiltersysteme

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE60824T1 (de) 1991-02-15
EP0326659A1 (fr) 1989-08-09
DE8801474U1 (fr) 1989-06-22
DE3861767D1 (de) 1991-03-14

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