EP0318623A1 - Method of lifting an articulated grab bucket - Google Patents
Method of lifting an articulated grab bucket Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0318623A1 EP0318623A1 EP87440080A EP87440080A EP0318623A1 EP 0318623 A1 EP0318623 A1 EP 0318623A1 EP 87440080 A EP87440080 A EP 87440080A EP 87440080 A EP87440080 A EP 87440080A EP 0318623 A1 EP0318623 A1 EP 0318623A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bucket
- lifting
- winch
- opening
- cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
- B66C3/02—Bucket grabs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
- B66C3/12—Grabs actuated by two or more ropes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of lifting an articulated bucket by means of a single winch crane which also controls the opening of the two parts of said bucket.
- articulated sheet metal buckets having a large storage capacity and which allow a significant increase in the working speed, characterized in that they consist of two parts adjusting according to a section in a transverse median vertical plane, said parts being articulated around an axis located in said plane. The seal at rest is ensured by the respective weights of the half-buckets which are pressed against each other.
- the use of the grab implies lifting it to move it, for example above the trucks which carry out the evacuation of materials.
- a cable and chain system therefore corresponds to each function, the control of which is separate from the other in order to avoid false operations.
- Construction sites that use articulated skips must therefore use cranes equipped with double winches that can be controlled independently of each other.
- the method according to the invention overcomes these drawbacks by allowing the use of a single winch crane with an articulated bucket.
- the two functions to be ensured namely the spacing of the two half-buckets by pivoting around the axis so that the contents are discharged and the lifting of the bucket, remain.
- the problem was to find a way to control two cable and chain systems with different - although complementary - functions without there being any annoying interference between the two types of operation, failing which the bucket could not be used in this context. That is to say that when the cable and chain system for lifting takes action, the second system has no effect on the bucket and vice versa, or at least no effect likely to interfere the proper functioning of the other.
- the process of the invention acts on two levels: - We modify the shape of the bucket by adapting on the central axis of the uniform growths which cooperate with a metal bar which is added to the ends of the two cables and tractor chains intended for lifting, so as to connect said ends. - We calculate the respective lengths of the two sets of cable or chain fulfilling the two functions so that the winch control sequentially triggers the two types of operation without annoying interference. The complete cycle always keeps the same order: lifting - opening - closing - refitting the articulated bucket, the return phase after execution of the work comprising two functions with opposite effects of the two described previously.
- each half-body In the upper part of each half-body, at the level of the section of contact with its counterpart, a housing (1) is cut out, which contains the sheet metal parts (2) which receive the articulation shaft (3). So far, the shape of said parts (2) could for example take the following aspect: an isosceles triangle whose apex is rounded and the base arranged at 45 ° relative to the horizontal. Near the top, the circular hole intended to contain the articulation shaft (3).
- the articulation of the two half-buckets is carried out with three of these parts on each longitudinal wall of the bucket, one on one side coming to fit between the other two on the opposite side, the axes of the orifices being combined.
- one or more of these articulation parts is unciform: the upper part is extended by a hook (4) under which is housed the metal bar connected to the lifting system of the crane.
- These hooks are arranged on the two opposite longitudinal walls of the bucket, oriented in the same way so that the lifting operation is rapid.
- the metal bar is of any section, of length corresponding to the width of the bucket. It exerts a vertical action opposite the weight of the bucket and the contents, transmitted by the cables and chains of the lifting system connected to the winch.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de levage d'une benne articulée au moyen d'une grue à un seul treuil qui commande également l'ouverture des deux parties de ladite benne.The present invention relates to a method of lifting an articulated bucket by means of a single winch crane which also controls the opening of the two parts of said bucket.
En effet, l'art antérieur fait état de bennes articulées en tôle disposant d'une grande capacité de stockage et qui permettent une augmentation sensible de la vitesse de travail, caractérisées en ce qu'elles se composent de deux parties s'ajustant suivant une section dans un plan vertical médian transversal, lesdites parties s'articulant autour d'un axe situé dans ledit plan. L'étanchéité au repos est assurée par les poids respectifs des demi-bennes qui se plaquent l'une contre l'autre.Indeed, the prior art mentions articulated sheet metal buckets having a large storage capacity and which allow a significant increase in the working speed, characterized in that they consist of two parts adjusting according to a section in a transverse median vertical plane, said parts being articulated around an axis located in said plane. The seal at rest is ensured by the respective weights of the half-buckets which are pressed against each other.
Ces bennes comportent en plusieurs endroits des moyens de liaison avec un système de commande à câble dont la fonction est double. En premier lieu, des câbles et chaînes fixés aux quatre coins sont prévus pour assurer l'ouverture de la benne par séparation de deux parties qui pivotent autour de l'axe d'articulation. Ce premier système de câble ou chaîne exerce des efforts aux coins supérieurs, dont les résultantes sur chaque partie ont pour effet de relever la paroi transversale en la ramenant vers l'axe central.These skips have in several places means of connection with a cable control system whose function is twofold. First, cables and chains fixed to the four corners are provided to ensure the opening of the bucket by separation of two parts which pivot around the axis of articulation. This first cable or chain system exerts forces on the upper corners, the results of which on each part have the effect of raising the transverse wall by bringing it towards the central axis.
En second lieu, il est nécessaire de prévoir des points d'accrochage pour les câbles et chaînes tracteurs de levage, l'utilisation de la benne impliquant de la soulever pour la déplacer par exemple au-dessus des camions qui procèdent à l'évacuation des matériaux.Secondly, it is necessary to provide hooking points for the lifting cables and chains, the use of the grab implies lifting it to move it, for example above the trucks which carry out the evacuation of materials.
A chaque fonction correspond donc un système de câble et chaîne dont la commande est séparée de l'autre afin d'éviter les fausses manoeuvres. Les chantiers qui utilisent les bennes articulées doivent par conséquent recourir à des grues équipées de double treuils qu'il est possible de commander indépendemment l'un de l'autre.A cable and chain system therefore corresponds to each function, the control of which is separate from the other in order to avoid false operations. Construction sites that use articulated skips must therefore use cranes equipped with double winches that can be controlled independently of each other.
Cependant, le fait que l'utilisation ne soit possible qu'avec des mécanismes à double treuils constitue une limitation importante.However, the fact that use is only possible with double winch mechanisms is an important limitation.
En effet, l'avantage majeur de cette benne est sa rapidité d'exécution : pour un travail égal, la réalisation demande trois fois moins de temps, d'où un profit conséquent. L'argument économique est a priori indiscutable, mais s'il faut en contrepartie investir pour se doter d'une grue à deux treuils, il y a lieu de réfléchir. Au surplus, les calculs prévisionnels de rentabilité sont rendus plus complexes en prenant en compte le poids de cette application dans l'utilisation globale d'une grue.Indeed, the major advantage of this bucket is its speed of execution: for an equal work, the realization requires three times less time, from where a consequent profit. The economic argument is a priori indisputable, but if in return it is necessary to invest to acquire a crane with two winches, there is reason to think. In addition, forecast profitability calculations are made more complex by taking into account the weight of this application in the overall use of a crane.
Enfin, les grues télescopiques, qui constituent une bonne partie du parc en fonctionnement, ne sont disponibles qu'avec un seul treuil. Quand on sait les multiples applications qu'elles pourraient avoir en combinaison avec une benne articulée, par exemple dans les ports, affectées au déchargement des bâteaux, on mesure mieux la limitation.Finally, the telescopic cranes, which constitute a good part of the fleet in operation, are only available with a single winch. When we know the multiple applications that they could have in combination with an articulated skip, for example in ports, assigned to the unloading of ships, we better measure the limitation.
Le procédé selon l'invention remédie à ces inconvénients en permettant l'utilisation d'une grue à un seul treuil avec une benne articulée.The method according to the invention overcomes these drawbacks by allowing the use of a single winch crane with an articulated bucket.
Bien évidemment, les deux fonctions à assurer, à savoir l'écartement des deux demi-bennes par pivotement autour de l'axe pour que le contenu soit déversé et le levage de la benne, subsistent. Le problème qui se posait était de trouver un moyen de commander deux systèmes à câbles et chaînes investis de fonctions différentes - bien que complémentaires - sans qu'il y ait interférence gênante entre les deux types de fonctionnement, faute de quoi la benne est inutilisable dans ce contexte. C'est-à-dire que lorsque le système de câble et chaîne préposé au levage entre en action, le second système n'a pas d'effet sur la benne et vice-versa, ou du moins pas d'effet susceptible de gêner le bon fonctionnement de l'autre.Obviously, the two functions to be ensured, namely the spacing of the two half-buckets by pivoting around the axis so that the contents are discharged and the lifting of the bucket, remain. The problem was to find a way to control two cable and chain systems with different - although complementary - functions without there being any annoying interference between the two types of operation, failing which the bucket could not be used in this context. That is to say that when the cable and chain system for lifting takes action, the second system has no effect on the bucket and vice versa, or at least no effect likely to interfere the proper functioning of the other.
Le procédé de l'invention agit à deux niveaux :
- on modifie la forme de la benne en adaptant sur l'axe central des excroissances unciformes qui coopèrent avec une barre métallique qu'on rajoute aux extrémités des deux câbles et chaînes tracteurs destinés au levage, de manière à relier lesdites extrémités.
- on calcule les longueurs respectives des deux jeux de câble ou chaîne remplissant les deux fonctions de façon que la commande du treuil déclenche séquentiellement les deux types de manoeuvre sans interférence gênante. Le cycle complet garde toujours le même ordre : levage - ouverture - fermeture - repose de la benne articulée, la phase retour après exécution du travail comportant deux fonctions à effets inverses des deux décrits auparavant.The process of the invention acts on two levels:
- We modify the shape of the bucket by adapting on the central axis of the uniform growths which cooperate with a metal bar which is added to the ends of the two cables and tractor chains intended for lifting, so as to connect said ends.
- We calculate the respective lengths of the two sets of cable or chain fulfilling the two functions so that the winch control sequentially triggers the two types of operation without annoying interference. The complete cycle always keeps the same order: lifting - opening - closing - refitting the articulated bucket, the return phase after execution of the work comprising two functions with opposite effects of the two described previously.
On va maintenant décrire l'invention un peu plus en détail, en se référant aux figures annexées, pour lesquelles :
- - la figure 1 représente un détail de la modification apportée à la charnière des bennes classiques,
- - la figure 2 montre une perspective d'une demi-benne actionnée par les systèmes de câble ou chaîne réalisant les deux types de fonctions.
- - Figure 1 shows a detail of the modification made to the hinge of conventional skips,
- - Figure 2 shows a perspective of a half-bucket actuated by cable or chain systems performing the two types of functions.
Comme on l'a vu, les modifications matérielles concernent surtout la fonction levage de la benne (figure 1). Dans la partie supérieure de chaque demi-benne, au niveau de la section de contact avec son homologue, un logement (1) est découpé, qui contient les pièces de tôle (2) réceptrices de l'arbre d'articulation (3). Jusqu'ici, la forme desdites pièces (2) pouvait par exemple prendre l'aspect suivant : un triangle isocèle dont le sommet est arrondi et la base disposée à 45° par rapport à l'horizontale. Proche du sommet, l'orifice circulaire destiné à contenir l'arbre d'articulation (3). L'articulation des deux demi-bennes est réalisée avec trois de ces pièces sur chaque paroi longitudinale de la benne, l'une d'un côté venant s'ajuster entre les deux autres du côté opposé, les axes des orifices étant confondus.As we have seen, the material modifications mainly concern the lifting function of the bucket (Figure 1). In the upper part of each half-body, at the level of the section of contact with its counterpart, a housing (1) is cut out, which contains the sheet metal parts (2) which receive the articulation shaft (3). So far, the shape of said parts (2) could for example take the following aspect: an isosceles triangle whose apex is rounded and the base arranged at 45 ° relative to the horizontal. Near the top, the circular hole intended to contain the articulation shaft (3). The articulation of the two half-buckets is carried out with three of these parts on each longitudinal wall of the bucket, one on one side coming to fit between the other two on the opposite side, the axes of the orifices being combined.
Selon le procédé de l'invention, une ou plusieurs de ces pièces d'articulation est unciforme : la partie supérieure se prolonge en un crochet (4) sous lequel vient se loger la barre métallique reliée au système de levage de la grue. Ces crochets sont disposés sur les deux parois longitudinales opposées de la benne, orientés de la même façon afin que la manoeuvre de levage soit rapide.According to the method of the invention, one or more of these articulation parts is unciform: the upper part is extended by a hook (4) under which is housed the metal bar connected to the lifting system of the crane. These hooks are arranged on the two opposite longitudinal walls of the bucket, oriented in the same way so that the lifting operation is rapid.
La barre métallique est de section quelconque, de longueur correspondant à la largeur de la benne. Elle exerce une action verticale opposée au poids de la benne et du contenu, transmise par les câbles et chaînes du système de levage reliés au treuil.The metal bar is of any section, of length corresponding to the width of the bucket. It exerts a vertical action opposite the weight of the bucket and the contents, transmitted by the cables and chains of the lifting system connected to the winch.
Toutefois, ces modifications de structure n'interviennent qu'en combinaison avec les systèmes de câbles et chaînes dont on a calculé les longueurs de façon à obtenir les effets désirés. En effet, l'unique treuil qui commande aux deux systèmes à fonctions différentes ne différencie pas ces deux sous-ensembles qui lui sont reliés, et exerce donc la même action sur eux au même moment.However, these structural modifications only occur in combination with the cable and chain systems, the lengths of which have been calculated so as to obtain the desired effects. Indeed, the single winch which controls the two systems with different functions does not differentiate these two sub-assemblies which are connected to it, and therefore exerts the same action on them at the same time.
C'est pourquoi il a fallu trouver un moyen de ne pas parasiter la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction par l'autre. Lorsque l'engin fonctionne au levage, la barre métallique passée dans les crochets soulève la benne articulée, les deux câbles et chaînes qui sont fixés à ses deux extrémités sont tendus. Le treuil est en action, et agit donc également sur le jeu de câble ou chaîne destiné à commander l'ouverture de la benne. Il serait désastreux que l'ouverture ait lieu en simultanéité avec le début du levage. Par conséquent, il est impérativement nécessaire que les câbles ou chaînes reliés aux quatre coins de la benne ne soient pas en mesure d'exercer des efforts en leurs points d'application. Ce qui est le cas s'ils ne sont pas tendus. On prévoit donc qu'au repos, la benne reposant sur le sol, leur longueur excède la distance reliant le treuil auxdits points d'application, comme on le voit en figure 2.This is why we had to find a way not to interfere with the implementation of one function by the other. When the machine operates at lifting, the metal bar passed through the hooks lifts the articulated bucket, the two cables and chains which are fixed at its two ends are stretched. The winch is in action, and therefore also acts on the cable or chain set intended to control the opening of the bucket. It would be disastrous if the opening took place simultaneously with the start of lifting. Consequently, it is imperative that the cables or chains connected to the four corners of the bucket are not able to exert forces at their points of application. Which is the case if they are not tense. It is therefore expected that at rest, the bucket resting on the ground, their length exceeds the distance connecting the winch to said points of application, as seen in FIG. 2.
Ces câbles ou chaînes sont ainsi "flottants", la valeur de l'excédent de longueur est réglable et dépend de la hauteur à laquelle il faut élever la benne avant de déverser son contenu. Au fur et à mesure que ladite benne prend de la hauteur, les câbles ou chaînes du système d'ouverture se tendent progressivement jusqu'à ce qu'on arrive à l'altitude prévue pour le déversement, altitude à laquelle les deux jeux de câbles ou chaînes sont tendus. Si le treuil continue son action, les deux demi-bennes s'écartent l'une de l'autre.These cables or chains are thus "floating", the value of the excess length is adjustable and depends on the height to which the bucket must be raised before dumping its contents. As the bucket increases in height, the cables or chains of the opening system gradually tighten until we reach the altitude planned for the discharge, altitude at which the two sets of cables or chains are stretched. If the winch continues its action, the two half-buckets move away from each other.
Inversement, si la benne redescend, les demi-bennes se referment et les câbles ou chaînes d'"ouverture" se détendent dès lors que la fermeture est réalisée.Conversely, if the bucket goes down, the half-buckets close and the cables or chains of "opening" relax as soon as the closure is carried out.
Bien entendu, l'exemple de mise en oeuvre du procédé ainsi décrit n'est qu'illustratif et ne peut être considéré comme limitatif : ledit procédé englobe également toutes variantes qui entrent dans le cadre de l'invention.Of course, the example of implementation of the method thus described is only illustrative and cannot be considered as limiting: said method also includes all variants which fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87440080A EP0318623A1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1987-11-30 | Method of lifting an articulated grab bucket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87440080A EP0318623A1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1987-11-30 | Method of lifting an articulated grab bucket |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0318623A1 true EP0318623A1 (en) | 1989-06-07 |
Family
ID=8198313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87440080A Withdrawn EP0318623A1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1987-11-30 | Method of lifting an articulated grab bucket |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0318623A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR653720A (en) * | 1928-02-09 | 1929-03-26 | Automatic clamshell maneuverable with just one cable | |
| US1817595A (en) * | 1929-08-01 | 1931-08-04 | Wallace Lee Sylvester | Excavating bucket |
| FR876986A (en) * | 1941-06-30 | 1942-11-24 | Bennes Automatiques Gallia Soc | Clicking clamshell |
| CH280271A (en) * | 1950-03-23 | 1952-01-15 | Streuli August | Hoist equipped with a grapple. |
| US3523614A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1970-08-11 | Luther Walker | Hydraulic crane and bucket control |
-
1987
- 1987-11-30 EP EP87440080A patent/EP0318623A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR653720A (en) * | 1928-02-09 | 1929-03-26 | Automatic clamshell maneuverable with just one cable | |
| US1817595A (en) * | 1929-08-01 | 1931-08-04 | Wallace Lee Sylvester | Excavating bucket |
| FR876986A (en) * | 1941-06-30 | 1942-11-24 | Bennes Automatiques Gallia Soc | Clicking clamshell |
| CH280271A (en) * | 1950-03-23 | 1952-01-15 | Streuli August | Hoist equipped with a grapple. |
| US3523614A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1970-08-11 | Luther Walker | Hydraulic crane and bucket control |
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Effective date: 19891208 |