FR2831578A1 - Scaffolding suspended from building facade comprises pawl mounted on scaffolding extension arm upright to automatically lock upright to guide rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The scaffolding has a pawl (21) mounted on the upright (5) of the scaffolding extension arm (2) in order to automatically lock the upright to a guide rail (7). It can be unlocked from the ground in order to allow the descent of the uprights along the rail and adjust the relative position of the console to a desired height.

Description

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 The present invention relates to a scaffolding device suspended from a facade of a building.

 Such a device is known from French patent No. 2,770,554 in the name of the applicant.

 According to this known device, an assembly consisting of two angled brackets and a scaffolding floor supported by the brackets is lifted by an operator located on the ground using lifting or lifting means with hoists previously fixed by hooking respectively two anchor studs in a horizontal row of spaced anchor studs located at the top of the facade. The brackets are then attached to the anchoring pins of the lifting means.

 However, this known device has the major drawback that the assembly consisting of the brackets and the scaffolding floor is fixed to the lifting means at a fixed height relative to the ground.

 The aforementioned French patent also discloses an alternative embodiment according to which the lifting means consist of two masts fixed vertically by hooking their upper parts respectively to two anchoring pegs of the same row of the facade. A crank winch located in the lower part of each mast makes it possible to move along this mast a movable sheath to which is hung a support console for a scaffolding floor. This movable sheath comprises a ratchet and return spring assembly for blocking the sheath to the mast at a predetermined height.

 However, according to this alternative embodiment, the ratchet and return spring assembly does not allow adjustment of the position of the console, from the ground, by lowering it relative to the mast.

 The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks of known devices by proposing a device forming a scaffolding suspended from a building facade making it possible to adjust the height.

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 consoles relative to the ground at a desired value both in the case of a scaffolding console which must be hung from the ground on a hoist hoist previously fixed to an anchoring stud on the facade of the building, as in the case of a mobile scaffolding console along a mast vertically attached to the corresponding anchor bolt on the facade of the building.

 To this end, the device forming a suspended scaffolding of the invention, of the type comprising at least two consoles for supporting a scaffolding floor hooked at their upper ends respectively to two adjacent anchoring studs of a row of studs at a height determined relative to the ground, each console comprising an upright and a cross-member placed at an angle on which is supported a corresponding end of the floor, is characterized in that the upright of each console is mounted for sliding controlled from the ground directly along a guide rail vertically attached at its upper end to the corresponding stud and a ratchet means is mounted on the console upright so as to automatically lock the upright to the rail as the upright moves up of the rail, the pawl means being able to be controlled from the ground in a direction of unlocking the mount ant to allow the lowering of the upright along the rail and automatically bring the pawl means to a locking position of the upright to the rail corresponding to a chosen height of the console relative to the ground.

 Preferably, the pawl means comprises two vertically spaced parallel lever arms, pivotally mounted to the corresponding upright by passing through the latter and coupled at their ends opposite to the rail by a rigid connecting bar articulated at these ends and extending parallel to the upright. , the free ends on the rail side of the two lever arms being able to engage simultaneously respectively in two

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 slots spaced apart from a series of vertical slots in the rail when the console is mounted along the rail or when it descends, after unlocking the pawl means, to block the upright to the rail at the selected height of the console by bringing the free ends of the lever arms by gravity to bear on the lower ends of the two vertical slots after the lifting effort of the console relative to the rail has been released.

 Preferably, the means for controlling the displacement of the upright of each console along its guide rail comprises a pulley jib removably fixed to the upper end of the rail and a flexible link, such as a rope, wound on the pulley and connected to the console cross member to allow an operator on the ground to raise or lower the console along the guide rail.

 The pawl means is unlocked from the guide rail by the strand of the flexible link operated by the operator so as to act on a transverse part of the lower end of the twinning bar of the two lever arms to simultaneously pivot the two. arm relative to the upright in a direction of disengagement of their free ends from the locking slots.

 The upright of each console includes a wheel carried by the lower end of the upright and resting on the flat face of the rail opposite the upright.

 The rail is advantageously a section with a substantially H-shaped cross section, the core of which consists of two parallel walls and one of the two walls constituting a branch or wing of the section opposite the associated upright of the console comprises the slots. locking opening between the two walls of the web of the profile.

 The upright of each console includes two lower and upper pairs of guide legs in the shape of

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 U secured to each side of the upright and into which the corresponding wing of the H-shaped section engages to allow the tabs to slide along the wings of this section.

 The upper end of the rail comprises, integral with the latter, a housing for attaching the rail to the corresponding anchoring stud.

 According to an alternative embodiment, the rail constitutes a mast which can be hung from the ground directly on the corresponding anchoring stud.

 The pulley bracket for moving a console along the mast can be removed from the upper end of the mast when the console is lifted to the chosen height relative to the ground, to replace it with an intermediate piece allowing to fix a second mast-forming rail in continuation of the first mast, the second mast being fixed directly at its upper end to an anchor bolt from another horizontal row of anchor bolts spaced from the front and located above the first row anchor bolts.

 According to another alternative embodiment, the guide rail is part of the console which is lifted by a lifting means of the hoist type previously hooked to the corresponding anchoring stud of the facade from the ground, and hung by its rail guide to a pin for anchoring the hoist.

 The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a mode. of the invention and in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a support console for a suspended scaffold according to the invention; - Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the part circled in II of Figure 1 and showing

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 means forming a pawl for locking the console at a chosen height determined relative to the ground; - Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 and showing the pawl means in the unlocked position; - Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the fastening elements of the upper part of the guide rail of the console to an anchor bolt; - Figure 5 is a perspective view of the upper part of the guide rail of the console attached to the anchor pin and provided with a pulley bracket for moving the console along this rail; - Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view showing the end-to-end assembly of two rails forming support masts of a scaffolding console; and - Figure 7 is a perspective view partially showing a scaffolding device suspended from two masts vertically attached to anchoring studs on the facade of a building.

 Referring first to Figures 1 to 5, the scaffolding device suspended from a facade 1 of a building comprises at least two consoles 2, only one of which is shown, for supporting a horizontal scaffolding floor 3, the ends of which are hooked respectively to two parallel horizontal crosspieces 4 of the brackets 2 and extending perpendicular to the facade 1.

 Each console 2 further comprises an upright 5 at the upper end of which the cross member 4 is fixed at right angles, and a reinforcing leg 6 fixed at its ends to the lower end of the upright 5 and at the end of the cross member 4 opposite the upright 5 so as to constitute a rigid right triangle for supporting the scaffolding floor 3.

 Each console 2 is mounted on a mast 7 vertically fixed by its upper end to an anchor bolt 8 forming part of a horizontal row

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 spaced anchor bolts attached to the facade 1 in the upper part thereof.

 A railing post 9, comprising hooking and support elements 9a of vertical boards and horizontal railing tubes 10, is fixed to the free end of the crosspiece 4 of each console 2 by means of a square section 11 fitted on the combined end part of the cross-member 4.

 According to the invention, the upright 5 of each console 2 is slidably controlled by an operator from the ground directly along the guide mast 7 via a bracket 12 with pulley 13 on which is partially wound a flexible operating link 14, such as a rope, attached to the crossmember 4 in the vicinity of the upright 5, so that by exerting a traction force on the link 14 from the ground, the console 2 is moved upwards along the mast 7 forming a guide rail. The operating link 14 has one of its ends fixed by a hooking means 15 to the crosspiece 12a of the bracket 12 by projecting beneath it, passes around a return pulley 16 mounted vertically to rotate on a piece forming a yoke 17 integral with the crosspiece 4, and passes around the pulley 13 to then return to the ground.

 The cross member 12a of the bracket 12 consists of two parallel rigid rectangular plates spaced between which is vertically rotatably mounted the pulley 13 and fixed on each side of a rigid rectangular plate 12b constituting the amount of the bracket 12. The amount 12b of the bracket 12 is fitted over about half of its length in the upper end of the mast 7 as an extension of the latter and is held in this end by the two plates of the cross member 12a whose lower edges bear by gravity on the upper end of the mast 7. Once the support brackets 2 for the scaffolding floor 3 have been brought to the chosen height relative to the ground by

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 each bracket 12 with pulley 13 and the operating link 14, each bracket 12 with pulley 13 can be removed from the upper end of the mast 7 by an operator mounted on the scaffolding floor 3.

 Preferably, each mast 7 is constituted by a profile having in cross section substantially the shape of an H, the core of which is constituted by two parallel walls 7a at the ends of which the two parallel branches or wings 7b of the profile are connected. extending parallel to facade 1 of the building. Thus, the upright 12b of the bracket 12 is partially fitted into the closed space defined by the two walls 7a and the wings 7b of the profile of the mast 7.

 To ensure the guided movement of the console 2 along its corresponding mast 7, two pairs of guide tabs 18 are fixed respectively to the upper and lower parts of the upright 5 of the console 2 on each side of this upright and have their ends curved substantially U-shaped between which is engaged the corresponding edge of the wing 7b located opposite the upright 5. As shown, each guide tab 18 is fixed to the upright 5 by a screw 19. The tabs 18 thus ensure not only the guiding the upright 5 along the mast 7, but also keeping it in position parallel to the mast 7 by defining a space between the upright 5 and the planar external face of the wing 7b of the mast 7.

 Each upright 5 of a console 2 carries at its lower end in the form of a yoke 5a a vertical wheel R held in abutment on the flat face of the wing 7b of the mast 7 by the guide tabs 18.

 The upper end of each mast 7 is hooked to the corresponding anchor bolt 8 by a box-shaped part 20 attached to the wing 7b opposite the facade 1 and which comprises a back wall 20a comprising a vertical cutout or notch 20b into which the hook-shaped end of the

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 anchor pin 8. The attachment box 20 comprises two curved parts substantially in the form of a U 20c in which the wing 7b is engaged facing the facade 1. The attachment box 20 is preferably held at upper end of the mast 7 by tight fitting of the wing 7b in the curved U-shaped parts 20c of the housing 20. Thus, an operator located on the ground can directly hang each mast 7 by engaging the anchoring stud 8 in the housing attachment 20 and an abutment piece 7c, integral with the external face of the wing 7b in the upper part thereof comes to bear on the upper edges delimiting the contour of the attachment housing 20 to prevent the downward movement of the mast 7 relative to the anchor bolt 8.

 A ratchet means 21 is mounted on the upright 5 of each console 2 so as to allow the automatic locking of the upright 5 to the mast 7 as the upright 5 moves towards the top of the mast 7, the ratchet means 21 can be controlled by an operator located on the ground in the direction of unlocking the upright 5 relative to the mast 7 to allow the descent of the upright 5 along the mast 7 and thus automatically bring the pawl means 21 to a new upright locking position 5 relative to the mast 7 and corresponding to a chosen final height of the console 2 relative to the ground.

 Preferably, the pawl means 21 comprises two parallel lever arms 22 vertically spaced in the same plane, which pass through the upright 5 perpendicular thereto and are each pivotally mounted in the upright 5 along a pivoting axis 23 extending transversely to the upright 5, that is to say parallel to the flat face of the wing 7b of the mast 7. The two lever arms 22 are paired by a rigid vertical bar 24 fixed in an articulated manner at the two ends of the arms of lever 22 opposite the mast 7.

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 Each lever arm 22 extends through vertical slots 25 in the form of an oblong hole opening into the front and rear faces of the upright 5 and allowing the twin arms 22 to pivot simultaneously from their horizontal locking position shown in FIG. 2 to their inclined unlocking position shown in Figure 3, and vice versa.

 The free beveled ends 22a of the lever arms 22 can engage, when the upright 5 moves relative to the mast 7, respectively in two spaced vertical slots 26 made through the wall of the wing 7b of the mast 7, opening into the space between the two walls 7a of the core of the mast 7. The two slots 26 are part of a series of slots in the form of equidistant vertical oblong holes and in alignment over practically the entire length of the mast 7.

 By pulling on the maneuvering link 14 to move the console 2 from the ground to the top of the mast 7, the two twin arms 22 pivot simultaneously in a clockwise direction considering Figures 2 and 3 so that the free ends 22a of these arms are disengaged from their locking slots 26 as shown in FIG. 3. Arriving at the chosen height of the console 2 relative to the ground, and by releasing the traction on each operating link 14, the ends free 22a of the two lever arms 22 engage respectively in the two slots 26 corresponding to this height and, under the weight of the scaffolding floor 3 and the brackets 2, the lower edges of the ends 22a of the levers 22 come to bear respectively on the lower ends of the two slots 26 for blocking or locking the upright 5 relative to the mast 7.

 When it is desired to modify the height of the consoles 2 relative to the ground, in particular by lowering them, each operator situated on the ground maneuvers the strand during the maneuvering link 14 so as to bring it

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 resting behind a rigid part 27 fixed to the lower end of the connecting bar 24 of the two arms 22 transversely to the latter so as to exert a force causing the simultaneous pivoting of the arms 22 in a clockwise direction by considering FIG. 2 to disengage the free ends 22a of the arms 2 from their respective locking slots 26. Each operator can then release the force on the link 14 and lower the console 2 so as to bring it to a new height desired by relative to the ground by engaging the free ends 22a in the two respective new blocking slots 26. Of course, during the traction or relaxation effort to move the console to its new position, the operator will have taken care to release the maneuvering link of the transverse part 27 so as not to interfere with it during its maneuvers of raising or lowering of the corresponding console 2.

 The suspended scaffolding device of the invention thus makes it possible to adapt the height of the scaffolding floor and therefore of the work surface to the task at hand, such as for example the repair of the roof of a building.

 Figures 6 and 7 show an alternative embodiment for modifying the height of the scaffolding floor from the ground to the bottom of the roof of a building by extending two masts already attached to the facade 1 from the ground respectively by two other masts reaching almost to the roof of the building.

 For this, two parallel masts 7 are fixed to the facade 1, extending from the ground, by anchoring studs 8 respectively of two lower and upper rows of the anchoring stud integral with the facade 1 so that the two masts are fixed at their lower and upper ends to this facade by means of hanging boxes identical to the hanging box 20 described above. The two support brackets 2

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 scaffolding floor 3 are then moved upwards along the masts 7 via the jib cranes 12 with pulleys 13 and maneuvering links 14 until the scaffolding floor 3 is brought to a maximum height relative to the two masts 7 and to which the two brackets 2 are blocked by the means forming a pawl 21. Next, an operator climbs on the scaffolding floor 3 to remove the brackets 12 from the upper ends of the masts 7 and replace these by an intermediate piece in form of rigid rectangular plate 28 of which approximately the lower half is engaged in the upper end of each mast 7 between the two walls 7a of the core of this mast, each intermediate piece 28 being held by gravity in abutment on an upper free end of the mast 7 by two plates 29 fixed on either side of the part 28 by bolts 30 and whose lower edges bear on this extrem free ity. Then, the operator fits a new mast 7 onto the remaining external upper half of the intermediate piece 28 and hooks the upper end of this new mast to an anchoring pin of a horizontal row of anchoring pins located at the upper part of the facade. The attachment of the upper end of each new mast 7 to the corresponding stud 8 is also carried out by means of a housing identical to the housing 20 described above. Once the two upper masts fixed respectively in extension of the two lower masts, the operator uses each pulley bracket 12 with pulley 13 at the top of each upper mast and by exerting traction on each maneuvering link 14, the brackets 2 are moved towards the high along the upper masts 7 until the scaffolding floor 3 is brought to the desired height at which the brackets 2 are blocked by their respective pawl means 21.

 The suspended scaffolding device has been described above with reference to a console which can be

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 move along a mast fixed to an anchor bolt on a building facade by an operator on the ground.

 The device of the invention can also be applied to a console where the mast 7 is replaced by a rail forming part of the console 2, the console 2, rail 7 and scaffolding floor 3 assembly then being raised from the ground by lifting means each consisting of a pulley jib forming a hoist previously fixed by hand by an operator located on the ground to a corresponding anchoring peg 8 of the facade as described in French patent No. 2,770,554 of the plaintiff and, once the rail 7 hooked to the anchor pin of the hoist via the attachment box 20 identical to the attachment box 20 described above, the operator located on the ground only has to act on the operating link 14 of the bracket 12 located at the end of the rail 7 to move the console 2 relative to the rail 7 and bring the latter to a desired height relative to the ground and block it at this height by means of a pawl 21 describes p reviously.

 The suspended scaffolding device of the invention makes it very easy to adjust, by an operator located on the ground, the relative height of support brackets of a scaffolding floor without requiring complex elements. In addition, the various elements constituting this device, in particular the ratchet means, the guide tabs of a console along the rail, the box for attaching the rail to an anchoring stud, the pulley jib intended to be fixed in the upper part of the rail and the rail itself can be produced in large series, which contributes to reducing the manufacturing costs of the device.

Claims (11)

1. Device forming a scaffolding suspended from a facade (1) of a building comprising at least one horizontal row of spaced anchor studs (8) situated at a determined height from the facade, comprising at least two support consoles (2) a scaffolding floor (3) hooked at their upper ends respectively to two adjacent anchoring studs (8) of the row at a determined height relative to the ground, each console (2) comprising an upright (5) and a crosspiece (4) placed at right angle on which is supported a corresponding end of the floor (3), characterized in that the upright (5) of each console (2) is mounted sliding controlled from the ground directly along a guide rail (7) vertically hooked at its upper end to the corresponding stud (8) and a pawl means (21) is mounted on the upright (5) of the console (2) so as to automatically lock the upright (5 ) to the rail (7 ) as the upright (5) moves up the rail (7), the pawl means (21) being able to be controlled from the ground in a direction of unlocking the upright (5) to allow the descent of the upright (5) along the rail (7) and automatically bring the pawl means (21) to a locking position of the upright (5) to the corresponding rail (7) at a chosen height of the console (2) relative to the ground.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pawl means (21) comprises two vertically spaced parallel lever arms (22), pivotally mounted to the corresponding amount (5) passing through the latter and coupled at their ends opposite to rail (7) by a rigid connecting bar (24) articulated at these ends and extending parallel to the upright (5), the free ends on the rail side (7) of the two lever arms (22) being able to engage simultaneously <Desc / Clms Page number 14>  respectively in two spaced slots (26) of a series of vertical slots (26) of the rail (7) when the console (2) is mounted along the rail (7) to lock the upright (5) to the rail ( 7) at the chosen height of the console (2) by bringing the free ends of the lever arms (22) by gravity to bear on the lower ends of the two vertical slots (26) after the lifting force of the console has been released (2) relative to the rail (7).  3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for controlling the displacement of the upright (5) of each console (2) along its guide rail (7) comprises a bracket (12) with pulley (13) removably attached to the upper end of the rail (7) and a flexible link (14), such as a rope, wound on the pulley (13) and connected to the crossmember (4) of the console (2) to allow an operator located on the ground to raise or lower the console (2) along the guide rail (7).  4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pawl means (21) is unlocked from the guide rail (7) by the strand of the flexible link (14) maneuvered by the operator so as to act on a transverse part (27) of the lower end of the twinning bar (24) of the two lever arms (22) for simultaneously rotating the two arms (22) relative to the upright (5) in a direction of disengagement of their free ends ( 22a) locking slots (26).  5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upright (5) of each console (2) comprises a wheel (R) carried by the lower end of the upright (5) and resting on the flat face of the rail (7) opposite the upright (5).  6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail (7) is a cross section profile substantially H-shaped, the core of which is made up of two parallel walls (7a) and one of two walls (7b) constituting a <Desc / CRUD Page number 15>  branch or wing of the profile opposite the associated upright of the console (5) comprises the locking slots (26) opening out between the two walls (7a) of the core of the profile (7).  7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the upright (5) of each console (2) comprises two lower and upper pairs of U-shaped guide tabs (18) integral with each side of the upright (5) and in which engage the corresponding wing (7a) of the H-shaped section (7) to allow the tabs (18) to slide along the wings (7a) of this section.  8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper end of the rail (7) comprises, integral with the latter, a housing (20) for attaching the rail (7) to the anchoring pin corresponding (8).  9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail constitutes a mast (7) which can be hung from the ground directly on the corresponding anchoring stud (8).  10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the bracket (12) pulley (13) for moving a console (2) along the mast (7) can be removed from the upper end of the mast (7 ) when the console (2) is raised to the chosen height relative to the ground, to replace it with an intermediate piece (28) making it possible to fix a second mast-forming rail (7) in extension of the first mast (7), the second mast (7) being fixed directly at its upper end to an anchoring stud (8) of another horizontal row of spaced anchoring studs (8) of the front (1) and located above the first row of studs d anchor (8).  11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rail (7) is part of the console (2) which is lifted by lifting means of the hoist type previously attached to the anchoring pin corresponding (8) of the facade from the ground, and <Desc / Clms Page number 16>  hooked by its guide rail (7) to an anchor bolt for the hoist.