Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

• the present invention in one of its main aspects is a detergent composition which comprises a low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant and a glycoside surfactant having an hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (HLB) of from about 6 to about 13.5 and wherein the weight ratio of said glycoside surfactant to said low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant is from about 1 :20 to about 4: 1 with the proviso that when the glycoside surfactant has an HLB of greater than 12, the weight ratio of said glycoside surfactant to said low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant is 1 : 1 or less (preferably 0.5 : 1 or less) .
• HLB hydrophilic/lipophilic balance
• the term "low foaming" means and mandates that the su rfactant ingredient or detergent composition to which said term refers exhibits a high shear foam height of less than 1 .5 centimeter when tested at 55°C using a single speed Waring Blender equipped with a jacketed cylindrical container.
• Glycoside surfactants suitable for use in the practice of the present invention include, so long as the herein discussed HLB and glycoside surfactant to low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant weight ratio requirements are satisfied, those of the formula:
• R is a monovalent organic radical (e. g. , a monovalent saturated aliphatic, unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic radical such as alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkenylaryl, arylalkenyl, etc.
• a monovalent organic radical e. g. , a monovalent saturated aliphatic, unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic radical such as alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkenylaryl, arylalkenyl, etc.
• R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene or butylene (most preferably the unit (R'O) y represents repeating units of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or random or block combinations thereof)
• y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12
• Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms (most preferably a glucose unit)
• x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 3 (preferably from 1 to about 2, and more preferably from 1 to less than 1 .5 and most preferably from 1 to about 1 .4) .
• Glycoside surfactants suitable for use herein also include those of the Formula A above in which one or more of the normally free (i . e. , un reacted) hydroxyl groups of the saccharide moiety, Z, have been alkoxylated (preferably, ethoxylated or propoxylated) so as to attach one or more pendant alkoxy or poly (alkoxy) groups in place thereof .
• alkoxylated preferably, ethoxylated or propoxylated
• the amount of alkylene oxide e. g . , ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, etc.
• Glycoside surfactants especially preferred- for use herein include those of the Formula A above wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 18 (especially from about 10 to about 16 and most preferably from 10 to 14) carbon atoms ; y is zero; Z is glucose or a moiety derived therefrom; and x has an average value of from 1 to about 2 (more preferably from 1 to less than 1 .5 and especially from 1 to about 1 .4) .
• glycoside surfactants suitable for use herein must have an HLB of from about 6 to about 13.5 with the proviso that when said glycoside surfactant has an HLB in excess of 12 (e. g .
• the glycoside su rfactant to low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant weight ratio employed in the detergent composition of concern must be about 1 : 1 or less and is preferably about 0.5: 1 or less .
• the glycoside surfactant to low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant weight ratio employed is also confined to the indicated restricted ratio ranges (i.e. from about 1 :20 to about 1 : 1 , preferably from 1 :20 to about 0.5: 1 ) in those instances wherein the HLB of the glycoside surfactant employed is in exces of 10.5.
• glycoside surfactants for use herein are those having an HLB of from about 8 to about 12 and most preferably such glycoside surfactant ingredient has an HLB of from about 8 to about 10.5.
• glycoside surfactants derived from fatty alcohols havfng from 8 to 14 carbon atom must have a degree of polymerization (D. P. or "x" in the Formula A above) of less than 1 .5 in order to have an HLB in the specified most preferred 8 to about 10.5 range.
• Alkoxylated nonionic surfactants to which the present invention is applicable include any ethoxylated or ethoxyla ted/propoxylated nonionic surfactant which when used at a temperature above its cloud point is "low foaming" in character and which has relatively poor wetting characteristic as evidenced, for example, by said surfactant exhibiting a Draves Wetting Time (at a temperature above its cloud point) of 2 minutes or greater.
• Illustrative of such low foaming/poor wetting alkoxylated nonionic surfactant materials are those which are either block or random co-condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with each other and with or without a relatively long chain (e. g . , from about C 6 to about C 22 ) monohydric alcohol residue.
• said co-condensate materials can be represented by the structural formula:
• R"O(EO) n (PO) m H wherein R"-O- is either the residue of a C 6 to C 22 monohydric alcohol or a propylene glycol-propylene oxide condensation product of the formula: wherein "a” has a value of from about 1 to about 15 and (preferably from about 2 to about 10) and wherein PO represents a propylene oxide repeat unit, EO represents an ethylene oxide repeat unit, n has an average value of from about 1 to about 40 (preferably from about 3 to about 15) and m has an average value of from about 1 to about 15 (preferably from about 2 to about 10).
• the low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactants to which the present invention is applicable will have a cloud point of about 35°C or less and an HLB of about 10 or less.
• the indicated glycoside surfactant and low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant ingredients are as a general proposition employed in a weight ratio of the former to the latter ranging from about 1:20 (i.e., 0.05:1) to about 4:1 with the proviso that said ratio must be no greater than 1:1 (preferably no greater than 0.5:1) when the HLB of the glycoside surfactant ingredient is greater than 12.
• the indicated glycoside surfactant: low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant weight ratio is maintained within a range of from about 1:10 (i.e., 0.1:1) to about 2:1 (most preferably from about 1:10 to about 1:1) with these latter preferred ratio ranges being subject to the same proviso as has been previously stated.
• detergent compositions which, when used at temperatures in excess of their cloud points, have a beneficial combination of at most a moderate foaming propensity along with good wetting characteristics .
• detergent compositions which are of a "low foaming" character (as such term as defined herein above) but wtiich nonetheless still exhibit Draves Wetting Times of 1.5 minute or less and which in many instances exhibit Draves Wetting Times of less than
• the low foaming detergent compositions hereof may suitably take the form of substantially dry powders, granules, etc. or may, if desired, take the form of aqueous liquid formulations .
• said compositions can, if desired, be composed solely of (or consist essentially of) the above-described combination of the essential surfactant ingredients . More typically, however, said substantially dry compositions will contain additional commonly used ingredients such as organic and/or inorganic builder ingredients, water soluble filler salts (e.g. , alkali metal, ammonium or substituted chlorides, fluorides, sulfates, etc. ) , anti-caking agents, alkaline materials such as alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkaline silicates and the like in addition to the above-described essential surfactant combination. Care must be taken, however, to avoid the inclusion within said compositions of any ingredients (e.g., high foaming cosurfactant ingredients, etc.) which would destroy the requisite low foaming characteristics of the subject detergent compositions.
• any ingredients e.g., high foaming cosurfactant ingredients, etc.
• a substantially dry powdered or granular detergent formulation typically comprises, on a total composition weight basis: (a) from about 0.5 to about 20 (preferably from 0.5 to about 10) weight percent of the above-described glycoside surfactant/low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant combination; (b) from about 5 to about 95 (preferably from about 15 to about 75) weight percent of an organic or inorganic builder ingredient;
• salt ingredient (i.e., non-builder/non-sequestrant) salt ingredient
• the detergent compositions hereof can, if desired, consist essentially of an aqueous solution of the above-described essential surfactant combination, for example, in the form of an aqueous solution containing, on a total solution weight basis, from about 0.5 to about 20 (preferably from about 0.5 to about 10) weight percent of the indicated glycoside surfactant/low foaming alkoxylated nonionic surfactant combination with the balance of said composition being compossd solely of water.
• liquid detergent formulations hereof will oftentimes comprise, on a total composition weight basis
• Water soluble detergent builders suitable for use herein include the various water soluble alkali metal , ammonium or substituted ammonium phosphates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, polyphosphonates, carbonates, silicates, borates, polyhydroxysulfonates, polyacetates, carboxylates, and polycarboxylates .
• the alkali metal especially sodium, salts of the above.
• suitable water soluble inorganic phosphate builders are sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphate, polymeric metaphosphates having a degree of polymerization of from about 6 to 21 , and orthophosphate.
• polyphosphonate builders are the sodium and potassium salts, of ethylene-1 , 1 -diphosphonic acid, the sodium and potassium salts of ethane-1 , 1 ,2-triphosphonic acid .
• water soluble nonphosphorus, inorganic builders for use herein include sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, tetraborate decahydrate, and silicate having a molar ratio of SiO 2 to alkai metal oxide of from about 0.5 to about 4.0, preferably from about 1 .0 to about 2.4.
• Water soluble, nonphosphorus organic builders useful herein also include the various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and polyhydroxysulfonates .
• Examples of pol.yacetate and polycarboxylate builders are the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydissuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids, and citric acid .
• polyalkylene glycols and/or ethers thereof such as, for example, diethylene glycol monoethyl or monopropyl or monobutyl ether, di- or tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, di- or tripropylene glycol monoethyl ether, etc. ; t-butyl alcohol; tetra-hydrofurfuryl alcohol; N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; and the like.
• the detergent composition can, if desired in a given instance, optionally include one or more of the various known types of supplemental ingredients or additives such as, for example, hydrotropes (e. g . , water soluble salts of low molecular weight organic acids such as the sodium or potassium salts of toluene-, benzene-, or cumene sulfonic acid, sodium or potassium sulfosuccinate, etc. ) ; perfumes, dyes or colorants; thickeners and/or soil suspending agents (e. g carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene glycols having molecular weights of from about 400 to about 100,000) ; deodorizers; ammonia; germicides; antioxidants; and the like.
• hydrotropes e. g . , water soluble salts of low molecular weight organic acids such as the sodium or potassium salts of toluene-, benzene-, or cumene sulfonic acid, sodium or
• the ingredients can be obtained in (or, if obtained in aqueous solution or dispersion form, can be converted to) dry powdered or granular form and can simply be admixed together in the desi red proportion and dry blended or milled to form an intimate substantially homogeneous mixture thereof .
• said ingredients can be initially combined to form an aqueous solution or suspension (e. g . , a crutcher slurry) thereof; intimately admixed in that form; and be subsequently dried (e. g .
• the detergent compositions hereof are, by vi rtue of thei r unique combination of low foaming and good wetting characteristics, are especially well suited for use in automatic dishwashing, hard surface cleaning and metal degreasing applications .
• the results of such foam height testing are summarized in Table B below.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=21971997

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (19)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1988
  • 1988-05-17 WO PCT/US1988/001687 patent/WO1988009369A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1988-05-17 JP JP50514788A patent/JPH02500111A/ja active Pending
  • 1988-05-17 EP EP19880905493 patent/EP0317614A4/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events