EP0312473A1 - Pièces de bois allongées notamment pour la construction et/ou la décoration de bâtiments - Google Patents
Pièces de bois allongées notamment pour la construction et/ou la décoration de bâtiments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0312473A1 EP0312473A1 EP88420346A EP88420346A EP0312473A1 EP 0312473 A1 EP0312473 A1 EP 0312473A1 EP 88420346 A EP88420346 A EP 88420346A EP 88420346 A EP88420346 A EP 88420346A EP 0312473 A1 EP0312473 A1 EP 0312473A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- construction
- buildings
- decoration
- wooden element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
- E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
Definitions
- the present invention relates to elongated pieces of wood which are used either in the construction of buildings in general and in particular those comprising exposed beams or posts, or for the manufacture of posts used to support, for example, an indicator board.
- Construction elements of the kind in question have the main disadvantage of splitting after construction has been carried out. These cracks are unsightly and form depressions in which dust and insects lodge. The cracks occur during the drying of the wood which is never complete before the implementation of the buildings.
- the pieces of wood considered are dried after construction around their periphery, while the core remains impregnated with moisture for a long time.
- the core therefore creates internal tensions in the part of the beams which separates it from the periphery, these tensions being released during drying, causing significant cracks. The latter also facilitate the drying of the heart, but they never clog.
- the improvements which are the subject of the present invention are intended to make it possible to eliminate the cracks which occur in the pieces of wood during their drying.
- the pieces of wood according to the invention comprise at least one longitudinal recess.
- each piece of wood has a single perforation made along its longitudinal geometric axis and over its entire length.
- FIG. 1 Partially illustrated in FIG. 1 the frame of a building essentially composed of posts 1 and successive trusses 2 supporting a roof 3. An ridge beam 4 is supported by the punch 5 of each truss which is itself supported on the entry 6.
- Edge beams 7 join the successive trusses and rest on the upper part of the posts 1.
- each of the wooden elements of the illustrated construction comprises at least one longitudinal recess preferably, but not exclusively, made by a perforation 1 a , 4 a , 5 a , 6 a , 7 a whose geometric axis is that of the elongated piece of wood considered, said perforation extending over the entire length of the pieces of wood in question.
- the recess is produced in the form of a perforation with a circular section, the diameter of which roughly corresponds to that of the heart of the piece of wood in question.
- each piece of wood is carried out by means of a drill bit mounted on the headstock of a wood lathe and which is pressed into the piece of wood, while the latter rotates.
- the hollowed-out beams according to the invention dry faster because of the air which it contains in their center, this drying not causing any internal tension likely to generate unsightly slits for the reasons which have been explained above.
- the invention allows the artificial drying in suitable driers of elongated pieces of hard wood, in particular oak, which it is currently impossible to dry properly in driers.
- the improvements according to the invention can also be applied to all pieces of wood used inside for decoration, such as the visible ceiling beams or the like, so that they do not split.
- the invention also relates to the manufacture of any piece of elongated wood whatever it may be.
- each beam could be offset relative to its geometric axis; similarly, one could execute several perforations side by side instead of just one.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- La présente invention se réfère aux pièces de bois allongées qu'on utilise soit dans la construction des bâtiments en général et notamment de ceux comportant des poutres ou poteaux apparents, soit pour la fabrication de poteaux utilisés pour soutenir par exemple un tableau indicateur.
- Les éléments de construction du genre en question ont l'inconvénient principal de se fendre après que la construction ait été réalisée. Ces fentes sont inesthétiques et constituent des dépressions dans lesquelles se logent la poussière et les insectes. Les fentes surviennent lors du séchage du bois qui n'est jamais complet avant la mise en oeuvre des bâtiments. Le séchage des pièces de bois considérées s'effectue ultérieurement à la construction dans leur périphérie, tandis que le coeur reste longtemps imprégné d'humidité. Le coeur crée donc des tensions internes dans la partie des poutres qui le sépare de la périphérie, ces tensions se libérant lors du séchage en provoquant des fissures importantes. Ces dernières facilitent d'ailleurs le séchage du coeur, mais elles ne se colmatent jamais.
- Si l'on veut rendre les poutres esthétiques, on est obligé de combler les fentes avec de la pâte vendue dans le commerce, ce qui entraîne bien entendu une augmentation sensible du coût de la construction.
- Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à permettre d'éliminer les fissures qui surviennent dans les pièces de bois lors de leur séchage.
- A cet effet, les pièces de bois suivant l'invention comprennent au moins un évidement longitudinal. Dans une forme de réalisation avantageuse, chaque pièce de bois comporte une seule perforation pratiquée suivant son axe géométrique longitudinal et sur toute sa longueur.
- Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer :
- Fig. 1 est une vue en élévation partielle d'un bâtiment comportant une charpente réalisée au moyen de poutres de bois comportant application des perfectionnements suivant l'invention. Des arrache ments ont été ménagés sur cette figure pour la rendre plus compréhensible.
- Fig. 2 est une coupe suivant II-II (fig. 1).
- On a illustré partiellement en fig. 1 la charpente d'un bâtiment essentiellement composée par des poteaux 1 et des fermes successives 2 supportant une toiture 3. Une poutre faîtière 4 est soutenue par le poinçon 5 de chaque ferme qui est lui-même en appui sur l'entrait 6.
- Des poutres de rive 7 réunissent les fermes successives et reposent sur la partie supérieure des poteaux 1.
- Conformément à l'invention, chacun des éléments en bois de la construction illustrée comporte au moins un évidement longitudinal réalisé préférablement, mais non exclusivement, par une perforation 1a, 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a dont l'axe géométrique est celui de la pièce de bois allongée considérée, ladite perforation s'étendant sur toute la longueur des pièces de bois en question.
- Comme illustré en fig. 2, l'évidement est réalisé sous la forme d'une perforation à section circulaire, dont le diamètre correspond en gros à celui du coeur de la pièce de bois en question.
- La perforation centrale de chaque pièce de bois est réalisée au moyen d'un trépan monté sur la poupée d'un tour à bois et qui est enfoncé dans la pièce de bois, tandis que celui-ci tourne.
- Etant donné que la perforation effectuée conformément à l'invention est réalisée dans la fibre neutre desdits éléments, elle n'affecte pratiquement en rien leur résistance à la flexion en ce qui concerne les poutres 4, 6 et 7, tandis que bien entendu la résistance à la compression et au flambage des poteaux 1 et des poinçons 5 n'est pas non plus diminuée.
- Les poutres évidées conformes à l'invention sèchent plus vite du fait de l'air qu'elle renferme en leur centre, ce séchage n'entraînant aucune tension interne susceptible d'engendrer des fentes inesthétiques pour les raisons qu'on a expliqué plus haut. De plus, l'invention permet le séchage artificiel dans des séchoirs appropriés des pièces de bois allongées d'essence dure, notamment le chêne, qu'il est actuellement impossible de sécher convenablement dans des séchoirs.
- Bien entendu, on peut appliquer également les perfectionnements suivant l'invention à toutes pièces de bois utilisées à l'intérieur pour la décoration, telles que les poutres apparentes de plafond ou autre, de manière qu'elles ne se fendent pas.
- L'invention vise aussi la fabrication de toute pièce de bois allongée quelle qu'elle soit.
- En particulier, il va de soi que l'évidement de chaque poutre pourrait se trouver décalé par rapport à son axe géométrique ; de même, on pourrait excécuter plusieurs perforations côte à côte au lieu d'une seule.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88420346T ATE61438T1 (de) | 1987-10-14 | 1988-10-13 | Laengliche holzstuecke, insbesondere fuer den bau und/oder die dekoration von gebaeuden. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8714493A FR2621938B1 (fr) | 1987-10-14 | 1987-10-14 | Pieces de bois allongees pour la construction et/ou la decoration de batiments |
FR8714493 | 1987-10-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0312473A1 true EP0312473A1 (fr) | 1989-04-19 |
EP0312473B1 EP0312473B1 (fr) | 1991-03-06 |
Family
ID=9356000
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88420346A Expired - Lifetime EP0312473B1 (fr) | 1987-10-14 | 1988-10-13 | Pièces de bois allongées notamment pour la construction et/ou la décoration de bâtiments |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0312473B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE61438T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1338096C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3861945D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2022692B3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2621938B1 (fr) |
GR (1) | GR3002048T3 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO884564L (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1003460A4 (fr) * | 1989-11-17 | 1992-03-31 | Joris Mertens | Poutre creuse en bois, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation dans une veranda. |
EP0915213A3 (fr) * | 1997-11-04 | 2000-10-18 | Konstruktion-Holz-Werk Seubert KHW GmbH & Co. KG | Elément de construction en bois et son procédé de fabrication |
FR2797609A1 (fr) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-02-23 | Querandeau Bois | Ensemble de construction en bois et procede de realisation d'un tel ensemble |
WO2001094711A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-13 | Teuvo Haikarainen | Maison en rondins et rondins de construction |
WO2016105209A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | Hallingplast As | Élément de construction pourvu d'un revêtement protecteur |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2414099A1 (fr) * | 1978-01-06 | 1979-08-03 | Ramboz Gerard | Poutre de plafond |
US4394409A (en) * | 1977-09-22 | 1983-07-19 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Composite wood article and method of manufacture |
EP0214088A1 (fr) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-03-11 | BSB Holzkonstruktionen AG | Elément de construction en bois pour la réalisation de constructions planes |
-
1987
- 1987-10-14 FR FR8714493A patent/FR2621938B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-10-13 AT AT88420346T patent/ATE61438T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-13 DE DE8888420346T patent/DE3861945D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-13 NO NO88884564A patent/NO884564L/no unknown
- 1988-10-13 ES ES88420346T patent/ES2022692B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-13 EP EP88420346A patent/EP0312473B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-14 CA CA000580196A patent/CA1338096C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-06-04 GR GR91400714T patent/GR3002048T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4394409A (en) * | 1977-09-22 | 1983-07-19 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Composite wood article and method of manufacture |
FR2414099A1 (fr) * | 1978-01-06 | 1979-08-03 | Ramboz Gerard | Poutre de plafond |
EP0214088A1 (fr) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-03-11 | BSB Holzkonstruktionen AG | Elément de construction en bois pour la réalisation de constructions planes |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1003460A4 (fr) * | 1989-11-17 | 1992-03-31 | Joris Mertens | Poutre creuse en bois, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation dans une veranda. |
EP0915213A3 (fr) * | 1997-11-04 | 2000-10-18 | Konstruktion-Holz-Werk Seubert KHW GmbH & Co. KG | Elément de construction en bois et son procédé de fabrication |
FR2797609A1 (fr) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-02-23 | Querandeau Bois | Ensemble de construction en bois et procede de realisation d'un tel ensemble |
WO2001094711A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-13 | Teuvo Haikarainen | Maison en rondins et rondins de construction |
WO2016105209A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | Hallingplast As | Élément de construction pourvu d'un revêtement protecteur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2621938B1 (fr) | 1990-01-26 |
CA1338096C (fr) | 1996-03-05 |
ATE61438T1 (de) | 1991-03-15 |
EP0312473B1 (fr) | 1991-03-06 |
FR2621938A1 (fr) | 1989-04-21 |
DE3861945D1 (de) | 1991-04-11 |
NO884564D0 (no) | 1988-10-13 |
GR3002048T3 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
NO884564L (no) | 1989-04-17 |
ES2022692B3 (es) | 1991-12-01 |
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